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Contents
When did Cao Chong die?
How did Cao Chong weighs an elephant?
Chong used a mechanical scale and the principal of buoyancy to weigh an elephant. He put the elephant on a boat and marked the water level. Then the servants filled the boat with rocks until it sank to the same line as when the elephant was on it. They weighed each rock and Chong added the weights together.
When did Cao Cao die?
Was Cao Cao a eunuch?
Cao Cao, with his more common name being Mengde, was born in Qiao County of Peiguo (currently Anhui Province). He was born into an eminent eunuch family, with his father Cao Teng, being one of the ten ‘Chang Shi’ (eunuch) of Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220).
Who killed Cao?
However, before Ying Shao’s men arrived, Xu Province’s governor Tao Qian secretly sent a few thousand riders to attack Cao Song and his family. Cao Song thought that Ying Shao had come to receive him, so he was unprepared and completely taken by surprise. Tao Qian’s men killed Cao De (曹德), one of Cao Song’s sons.
Who was able to solve the problem weighing the elephant?
Official review by MathsThroughStories.org: Songju Ma Daemicke’s ‘Cao Chong Weighs and Elephant’ (2017) retells an ancient Chinese story of a 6-year-old child prodigy, named Cao Chong, who is apparently able to come up with a way to accurately measure the weight of an elephant using the principal of buoyancy.
How do you weigh an elephant?
Put the elephant onto a large boat, and mark the water level that the boat sinks to. Then, take the elephant out and put a bunch of marked weights onto the boat until it reaches the same water level. Add up the masses of the weights to get the weight of the elephant.
How did Cao Cao die in Dynasty Warriors?
His Legend Mode in Dynasty Warriors 4: Xtreme Legends details his escape from Chi Bi. With the army already faltering from the Allied Force’s fire attack, Cao Cao runs for his life to escape Shu’s generals.
When did Guan die?
Who was executed for losing Jieting?
A Qing Dynasty illustration of the execution of Ma Su. Because of the loss of Jieting, the supply situation became dire for Zhuge Liang’s army and he had to retreat to his main base at Hanzhong. In addition, the defeat at Jieting had caused the First Northern Expedition to result in failure.
Was Dong Zhuo real?
Dong Zhuo ( pronunciation (help·info)) (died 22 May 192), courtesy name Zhongying, was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. At the end of the reign of the Eastern Han, Dong Zhuo was a general and powerful minister of the imperial government.
Why is Cao Cao a villain?
Cao Cao was seen as a cunning yet feared man. Relentless in his desire to end the land’s chaos, he will use any means to achieve his plans, even if it makes him an enemy to the other kingdoms or to the Han Dynasty.
Who is Chao Chao?
Cao Cao remains a controversial historical figure—he is often portrayed as a cruel and merciless tyrant in literature, but he has also been praised as a brilliant ruler, military genius, and great poet possessing unrivalled charisma, who treated his subordinates like family.
Was Dong Zhuo real?
Dong Zhuo ( pronunciation (help·info)) (died 22 May 192), courtesy name Zhongying, was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. At the end of the reign of the Eastern Han, Dong Zhuo was a general and powerful minister of the imperial government.
How did Lu Bu die?
In 192, he turned against Dong Zhuo and killed him after being instigated by Wang Yun and Shisun Rui, but was later defeated and driven away by Dong Zhuo’s followers.
Who won War of three kingdoms?
In 279, the Jin Kingdom mounted a large-scale attack on Dong Wu and won. In 280, Sun Hao, last king of Wu kingdom surrendered. Thus the Three Kingdoms Period gave way to the Jin Dynasty era (265–420 AD).
When did Liu Bei die?
Cao Chong – Wikipedia
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Contents
Family background[edit]
Principle of buoyancy[edit]
Rodents incident[edit]
Favoured by his father[edit]
Death and succession[edit]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
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how did cao chong die
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Cao Chong | The Three Kingdoms Wiki | Fandom
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- Summary of article content: Articles about Cao Chong | The Three Kingdoms Wiki | Fandom In AD 208, Cao Chong fell ill and perished during his father’s campaign against Liu Bei, and Cao Pi was definitely made the chief heir. Advertisement. More … …
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Biography[]
Why did the brilliant Cao Chong die at the age of 13? Sima Yi: He is really stupid – laitimes
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Cao Chong (Cangshu) – Sanguozhi (Records of the Three States) Biography – English Translation
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Did Sima Yi poison Cao Chong? : threekingdoms
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How did Cao Chong Die? Was Cao Chong killed by Cao Pi_Sihai network AMP
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Cao Chong
Chinese warlord Cao Cao’s son (196–208)
Cao Chong (196–208),[1] courtesy name Cangshu, was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China. A child prodigy, Cao Chong is best known for his ingenious method of weighing an elephant using the principle of buoyancy. He was considered by his father as a possible successor but died prematurely at the age of 12.
Family background [ edit ]
Cao Chong was the eldest son of Cao Cao and his concubine Lady Huan (環夫人). He had two younger brothers: Cao Ju and Cao Yu.[2] He was a child prodigy and, according to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, “possessed the intelligence of an adult” when he was around the age of five.[3]
Principle of buoyancy [ edit ]
On one occasion, the southern warlord Sun Quan sent an elephant as a gift to Cao Cao. Cao Cao wanted to know the animal’s weight so he asked his subordinates but no one could think of a method to measure the elephant’s weight. Cao Chong said, “Place the elephant on a boat and mark the water level. Then replace the elephant with other objects until the boat is submerged to the same level. The weight of the elephant can be found by summing up the weights of all the objects.” Cao Cao was delighted and he had Cao Chong’s idea implemented.[4]
According to Joseph Needham, although no official treatise in the likes of Archimedes’ principle was ever written regarding buoyancy in ancient China, there were observational precedents of it in the Rites of Zhou, compiled and edited in the early Han dynasty (202 BCE–220 CE). Needham states:
Empirical use, of course, was made of [Archimedes’] principle, as in the floating of arrows and vehicle wheels in water by the [Zhou] and Han technicians, in order to determine their equilibrium and add or remove material accordingly.
Rodents incident [ edit ]
In another incident, Cao Cao’s saddle was chewed by rodents when it was kept in a store. The storekeepers feared for their lives because the laws were very harsh during those times of war, so they planned to tie themselves up and admit their mistake to Cao Cao in the hope of receiving a lenient punishment. Cao Chong told them, “Wait for three days before reporting the incident.” He used a knife to cut holes in his clothes, making it seem as though they had been damaged by rats, and then pretended to look upset. When his father asked him, he replied, “There is a saying that a person whose clothes have been chewed by rats will encounter ill luck. Now, as this has happened to me, I fear something might happen.” Cao Cao said, “This is just a superstition. There’s nothing to worry about.” When the storekeepers reported the saddle incident to Cao Cao three days later, Cao Cao laughed and said, “My son’s clothes were with him, yet they were still chewed by rats, so it is not surprising that my saddle in the store was also damaged.” He did not pursue the matter.[5]
Favoured by his father [ edit ]
Cao Chong was known to be kind and understanding. He helped to review cases of indicted criminals for any injustice and successfully cleared tens of cases.[6] When some hardworking officials landed themselves in trouble for making minor lapses, Cao Chong spoke up for them and managed to persuade his father to pardon them.[7]
Cao Chong’s intelligence and compassionate attitude, coupled with his beautiful looks, made him very outstanding among his brothers and earned him the favor of his father.[8] Cao Cao often praised Cao Chong in front of his subordinates and had the intention of making Cao Chong his heir apparent.[9]
Death and succession [ edit ]
Cao Chong became seriously ill when he was 12 and died. Cao Cao was extremely grieved. When Cao Pi (another of Cao Cao’s sons) came to console his father, Cao Cao remarked, “Cao Chong’s death is my misfortune, but it is to the advantage of you and your brothers.”[10]
Cao Cao shed tears whenever Cao Chong was mentioned. He had Cao Chong buried together with a deceased woman from a certain Zhen (甄) family and posthumously granted his son the appointment Cavalry Commandant (騎都尉). Cao Cong (曹琮), the Marquis of Wan (宛侯) and a son of Cao Chong’s younger brother Cao Ju, was designated Cao Chong’s heir. In 217, Cao Cong was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Deng (鄧侯).[11]
In 221, after Cao Pi established the state of Cao Wei, he granted Cao Chong the posthumous title “Marquis Ai of Deng” (鄧哀侯) but elevated him to the status of a duke later, so Cao Chong became known as “Duke Ai of Deng” (鄧哀公). In 231, during the reign of Cao Pi’s son Cao Rui, Cao Chong was posthumously honoured as “Prince Ai of Deng” (鄧哀王).[12] Cao Pi once said, “My elder brother (Cao Ang) was a xiaolian and had the right to the succession. If Cangshu was around, I’d not have been able to obtain the empire.”[13]
See also [ edit ]
Notes [ edit ]
^ Sanguozhi recorded that Cao Chong died in the 13th year of the Jian’an era (196-220) in the reign of [1] By calculation, Cao Chong’s birth year should be around 196. Therecorded that Cao Chong died in the 13th year of the Jian’an era (196-220) in the reign of Emperor Xian of Han . He was 13 years old (by East Asian age reckoning ) when he died.By calculation, Cao Chong’s birth year should be around 196.
References [ edit ]
Why did the brilliant Cao Chong die at the age of 13? Sima Yi: He is really stupid
author:One one two six 2021-11-06 06:18:02
Why did the brilliant Cao Chong die at the age of 13? Sima Yi: He is really stupid
There will always be some prodigies in Chinese history, and there is a general situation among these people, who are not very old, but they can do great things. Sometimes because of the publicity of others, it can be said that the name has been passed down through the ages. Like Cao Chong in the Three Kingdoms period, because he was famous for calling elephants, everyone admired his intelligence.
As the smartest son around Cao Cao, Cao Chong was favored by his father, but he died at the age of 13, which became the biggest regret in his life. In the past, everyone always thought that Cao Chong died of illness, which was really a jealous talent. However, some people speculate that the cause of his death is not so simple. Sima Yi had commented on Cao Chong, his death was stupid, what the hell was going on?
Fame because of ingenuity
The impression of everyone on Cao Chong should be that Cao Chong was an elephant, and he knew how to use physical knowledge at that time, which was really admirable. This story made Cao Chong’s nickname of “prodigy” almost reach the ceiling, even if there was no network in that era, almost everyone in the world knew it. Even now, many people are very impressed by it.
In history, Cao Cao himself was a very well-known person, as the de facto founder of the State of Wei. His own IQ is quite high, as a generation of tyrants, the number of wives and concubines is quite large. With such a strong gene, Cao Cao’s son is very powerful. Like everyone is familiar with Cao Zhi’s seven steps into poetry, his literary literacy is quite good, inheriting his old father’s literary talent. Therefore, it was too good, and it also made his brother Cao Pi very jealous, even if he ascended to the throne, he also wanted to poison him.
As for Cao Pi, he inherited his father’s “mantle” in his career, and after his father’s death, he became his successor. Objectively speaking, his ability is quite high among many sons, although it is not as good as Cao Cao, he can still stand alone. As for the other children, they are also very good, really tiger fathers and no dogs. It is also very important that a family can last for a hundred years and that the children and descendants are powerful. Cao Cao always said that having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou, in fact, his son is not bad.
The most pampered Cao Chong
But among so many children, Cao Cao’s favorite person is not the above people, but the young Cao Chong. I love him so much because he has a very high IQ, most like himself. When Cao Chong died of illness at the age of 13, Cao Cao said this to his other sons, this is your blessing. The literal meaning is that if he does not die, there will be no Cao Pi or Cao Zhi at all.
In the historical records, Cao Chong was almost a genius, not very old, and had a high IQ. Cao Chong claimed that Xiangxiang let him win his father’s blue eyes, pay attention to the cultivation of children, and expect the son to inherit the family business. In addition to this matter, he has other allusions. Cao Cao once received a pheasant from someone else, and he was very happy in his heart and wanted to make him dance and sing.
No matter how hard the crowd tried, they just didn’t move, and then Cao Chong came up with a way. Put a mirror in front of it, and the chicken sees itself beautiful in the mirror and dances unconsciously. This made Cao Cao excited and more fond of the child. As a generation of tyrants, he did not have much distinction between concubines, even if the younger son was born of a concubine, he did not care very much. At one time, he wanted to make him a successor, but his son died early and did not succeed.
Suspected of being poisoned to death
The history books all say that Cao Chong died of illness, which made Cao Cao sad. However, some people suspect that he was killed by his brother Cao Pi and others. After all, Cao Chong’s excellence is too dazzling, and there is no doubt that his brilliance is too stupid to set off other brothers. If he was a girl, they could still tolerate it, but it was a little boy, so that the brothers could not help but be dissatisfied.
Cao Pi’s jealousy can be seen in his attitude towards Cao Zhi, just because Cao Zhi’s literary talent is better than his. This vendetta can be remembered for so many years, even after he took the throne, he has never stopped. If this person is a king, it is quite good, but if the heart is really inferior to his father. Cao Zhi is still like this, not to mention that there is a better Cao Chong than him.
In fact, Cao Pi was not Cao Cao’s eldest son, and if it were not for the unexpected death of his brother Cao Ang, it would have been difficult for him to succeed in ascending the throne. The elder brother has been following his father on his expeditions to the west, and if he is credited, he is far greater than him. From a personal point of view, the feelings of father and son are much deeper than his, and they are simply inferior to him. Personal ability is excellent, and compared with Cao Chong, there is still a big gap. If the brothers are most likely to impulsively hand cao, they are all suspicious of Cao Pi.
Sima Yi’s insight
Regarding the early death of the little master, Sima Yi, a general under Cao Cao, had his own views. He said that Cao Chong’s death was not accidental but man-made. If he is young, he can restrain his sharp edge and understand that wisdom is like foolishness. Presumably, it will not cause others to be jealous, nor will it pay such a big price because of their precocious wisdom. There is a kind of view, called smart but clever mistakes, do not understand the wisdom of foolishness, emotional intelligence is worrying!
If you’re a really smart person, keep things low and don’t make other brothers jealous. Look at Cao Chong’s short life history, but it is not generally brilliant, no wonder Cao Cao loves him so much. For the brothers at that time, Cao Chong’s existence was undoubtedly a target of public criticism, and everyone would huddle together against him.
Think about it, you are all fathers and sons, as far as you are always evaluated by your father, what do you let other brothers think? It is inevitable to disappoint others
jealousy. This kind of society is very common, too sharp, often bringing great disasters to themselves. After all, people have inferior roots, and there will be jealousy in their hearts, and this kind of mood can be imagined. Among the royal families, there is no such thing as family affection, and Li Shimin, Wu Zetian, Yang Guang, and others all act on their relatives for the sake of power in their hands.
In the palace fight drama, some princes died, and there are really big doubts. As for the specific details of the death, only the parties concerned are clear in their minds, but they are resolutely unknown in public. Even the rulers know that there is a problem, but from the perspective of the overall situation, they will suppress this matter. According to Sima Yi, Cao Chong was a stupid person, but he looked very shrewd, but he only had some small wisdom.
brief summary
Sharp and sharp, not necessarily a good thing, easy to become the target of public criticism. Looking at Cao Chong, it is undoubtedly the most obvious example, because he is too clever, so that he is favored by Cao Cao. Relatively speaking, let him become a “thorn in the eye” in the hearts of others in the intricate relationship.
Even if your personal ability is strong, everyone huddled together to “target you”, and they simply can’t cope with it. If you are really smart, then you have been accumulating your own strength. When everything is ready, you can complete the final blow and become the big winner. If he had understood this at that time, perhaps the fate of the three countries might have been rewritten, but history was irreversible.
Sanguozhi (Records of the Three States) Biography
Cao Chong (Cangshu)
曹沖 (倉舒)
(AD 195-208)
San Guo Zhi Officer Biography
Pei Songzhi in Blue, Translator Notes in Green
Translated by jiuwan (Giao Chau)
The Prince of Deng Ai was Cao Chong style Cangshu (I). At the young age of five to six years old, he was clever and quick-witted. His wisdom and thoughts were extensive, it was like that of an adult.
I: Cao Chong’s mother was Lady Huan. She gave birth to Cao Chong, Prince of Peng Cheng—Cao Ju, and Prince of Yan—Cao Yu.
Once, Sun Quan paid tribute [to Cao Cao] by presenting a huge elephant. The High Ancestor [Cao Cao] wanted to know how much the elephant weighed, so he inquired into the crowd [around him]. The present crowd of people could not produce a viable solution. Cao Chong spoke thus: “Place the elephant onto the ship. Carefully mark the water’s level. Weighing a substance’s weight can then easily then be deduced.” [Cao Cao] was greatly pleased by this, and quickly departed afterwards.
There were many matters in a militaristic kingdom, the punishments were strict and severe. [Cao Cao’s] horse saddle was in the stable where rats had gnawed away at it. The stable manager [upon viewing the saddle] feared that he would surely die. He feared that he wouldn’t be spared so he was ready to accept the punishment. Cao Chong told him: “Wait three days, everything will be as it was.” Cao Chong then proceeded to take a knife and shred his clothes as if the rats had gnawed away at it. He pretended to be very distressed. [Cao Cao] inquired into this matter, to which Cao Chong replied thus, “In this world it is considered that when rats gnaw away at one’s clothes and ruin them, it is considered a bad omen and unlucky for the owner. Now my clothes are ruined, just like the omen [so it’s going to be bad for me].” [Cao Cao] reassured his son, “These are merely foolish words, they won’t harm you.” The stable manager was then brought in and tell of the news of the horse saddle. [Cao Cao] laughed out and said, “My son’s clothes are like this, and the saddle is like that?” Nothing was further questioned.
Cao Chong’s benevolence and humane kindness, recognizable intelligence was seen by all to be in a different category. Those guilty of a crime could depend on Cao Chong to distinguish logic, several have been helped to gain pardon (1). [Cao Cao] has expressed desires to his ministers of the inheritance [to Cao Chong, naming him the successor to Cao Cao]. At the age of thirteen in the thirteenth year of Rebuilt Tranquility (Jian An) [AD 208], [Cao Chong] died of sickness (II). [Cao Cao] tried to have saved but his son died, bringing him great sadness. The Literary Emperor [Cao Pi] tried to console him, but [Cao Cao] replied thus: “This is unfortunate for me, but fortunate for you.” (2). Afterwards, [Cao Chong was posthumously] married to the clan of Zhen’s deceased daughter and they were buried together. He was bestowed a title of Chief Commandant of the Cavalry (ji du wei), and Marquis Ming Wan.
1: According to the book of Wei (Wei Shu): Each time that Cao Chong sees an accused person, he would carefully examine the grievance done upon them. He would obtain for them pardon if they were wrongfully accused and would often report it to [Cao Cao]. [Cao Chong’s] benevolence and humane kindness was distinguishable; it was in his nature. His appearance was handsome, special among the masses. Pei Song Zhi’s annotations: Your servant, Song Zhi thinks ‘his appearance was handsome’ is a kind word; split in three, most likely one of sickness.
II: From Hua Tuo’s Sanguozhi bio ( SGZ scroll 29: Book of Wei 29): Cao Chong died shortly after Hua Tuo was sentenced to death by Cao Cao. Cao Cao in anguished cried out: “I regret putting Hua Tuo to death. In doing so I have condemned my son to death!” More on the circumstances of Hua Tuo’s death and Cao Cao can be found in Hua Tuo’s SGZ bio.
2: According to Sun Cheng, he says: The Spring and Autumn’s rightful conduct is the inheritance should be given to the elder, not the able. Even though Cao Chong survives it is not proper to be named heir apparent. Now that he isn’t even alive what more needs to be said? A poem reads: ‘Don’t speak rashly’. [Cao Cao] had this idea.
In the twenty-second year [AD 217], bestowed Marquis of Deng. In the second year of Huang Chu [AD 221], Cao Chong was posthumously given the title of Marquis of Deng Ai, with an additional title of Duke added on afterwards (3). In the third year [AD 222] an additional feudal title was bestowed upon Cao Chong—Duke Guan Jun. In the fourth year [AD 223] bestowed Duke Ji Shi. In the fifth year of Tai He [AD 231], added onto Cao Chong’s title was Prince of Deng Ai. In the first year of Jing Chu [AD 237], 琮坐於中尚方作禁物; a decrease of three hundred households, feudal rank was degraded to Marquis of Du Xiang. In the third year [AD 239], [Cao Chong] was restored to the rank of Duke of Ji Shi. In the seventh year of Zheng Shi [AD 246] the rank was changed to Duke of Ping Yang. Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan, Jing Yuan Zhong (V), increase/decrease, a combined total of one thousand nine hundred households.
3: According to Wei Shu Zai Ce: “In the second year Huang Chu, the eight month, third noon [afternoon, September of AD 221]; the Emperor said: ‘咨爾 the Marquis of Deng Ai, Cao Chong; formerly the Imperial Heaven has beauty in person’s body; the wise and clever in talent; finishing in a year of weaken state. Eternal enjoyment and blessing? 克成厥終. Why isn’t there prosperity to enjoy, why die so young! Zhen have received the Heaven’s Mandate, enjoying the Four Seas, side by side with the relatives, in a royal palace, 惟爾不逮斯榮, 且葬 禮未備 (III). In my bosom I grieve and lament, broken hearted and wounded. This transfer to a higher ground for burial, 使使 持節兼謁者僕射郎中陳承; furthermore, I bestow upon you the title of Duke of Deng, 祠以太牢. Let your spirit rest in the spirtual world. I mourn for you!’” III: In Wei Shu Zai Ce, the Emperor was basically praising Cao Chong’s talents and how he died young. Cao Pi was lamented at his loss. I’m not sure how to translate the whole passage; I only did bits and pieces. ‘Zhen’ in Chinese is a special term reserved for the Emperor to use to address himself. It is another pronoun for the word ‘I’. Basically when the one says this sentence—“I will attack”, the pronoun of ‘I’ is used to address one’s self. When the emperor says the exact same sentence, he will instead say, “Zhen will attack”. Both will mean the exact same thing, difference is one is a special term the emperor uses. According to Wei Lue: The Literary Emperor [Cao Pi] would often say: “The family’s elder is upright and exhibits filial piety, that is his duty. If Cang Shu [referring to Cao Chong] were still alive then I would not have All under Heaven.” (IV) IV: There is also another possible meaning to this passage. When Cao Pi referred to the family elder, he could have been talking about himself or Cao Ang who is his elder. In Cao Pi’s ‘family’, he is the oldest. Empress Bian gave birth to him, Cao Zhang, Cao Zhi and Cao Xiong. But in Cao Cao’s ‘family’, Cao Ang was the oldest of all 25 sons. If the second meaning to the passage is correct then it would read: The Literary Emperor would often say: “The family’s elder [Cao Ang] is upright and exhibits filial piety. Then we split apart. If Cang Shu were still alive then I would not have All under Heaven.” Either way, Cao Pi would not have the throne.
V: The three names: Jing Chu, Zheng Yuan and Jing Yuan Zhong were all Wei reign style names. Jing Chu encompasses the years AD 237 until AD 240 where the reign style was changed to Zheng Shi. Zheng Yuan was from the years AD 254 until AD 256 where the reign style was changed to Gan Lu. Jing Yuan Zhong simple refers to the middle of the Jing Yuan reign that is from AD 260 to AD 264 where the reign style was changed to Xian Xi. So the middle of Jing Yuan would be around the year AD 262.
Copyright © 2004 jiuwan (Giao Chau)
Translated from Chen Shou’s Sanguozhi with Pei Songzhi’s annotations
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