Chicago Qatar Airways Office? Quick Answer

How can I speak to a live person on Qatar Airways?

Qatar Airlines is the best when it comes to providing a convenient flight booking service at an affordable price. There are most passengers who regard Qatar Airlines as an excellent flight booking service due to its significant features and services available to all. It allows you to cancel and change your flight ticket online. However, if you would like additional help and information about Qatar Airlines and are looking for guidance and assistance, contact our customer representative team to speak to a live representative at Qatar Airways and the right help is easy for you at the time you need it. It is very important to get in touch with a live person who is always available to simply help you at your requested time. Therefore, if you have booked a flight ticket with Qatar Airlines but do not know what to do, you can always speak to a live person who is simply available to you at a convenient time.

How do I speak to a live person on Qatar Airways?

If you wish to contact live Qatar Airways Customer Care for immediate assistance, call (877) 777-2827 or 1(805) 576-8081 (toll free) where you can speak to a live Qatar Airways representative .

Quick way to speak to a live person on Qatar Airways

Choose the phone service, dial 1 (877) 777-2827 or 1 (805) 576-8081 (toll free) and press 1 to select the spoken language. Then press 2 to select the customer query. Press 3 if you want to continue with the same question. Next, press 4 to connect with a live Qatar Airways person for instant assistance.

If you need to speak to someone at Qatar Airways Customer Service, dial +1-877-777-2827 or +1-805-576-8081, Qatar Airways official phone number, and have someone from Qatar Airways Customer Service put you through Connect Airways.

It is quite common to encounter problems of any kind during the flight booking and cancellation process. Therefore, if you need help solving the problem, you should select the contact resources to get in touch with the customer representative team who are available to you at your desired time easily. You can choose a phone number, email address, social media service and chat support to be available to you at any time. If you don’t want to have any problems during your flight, you can speak to a Qatar Airlines representative and get tips from our customer representative team who will be there to help you soon. So, if you are a little confused about speaking to a live person and want to clear your doubts, you should easily be aware of the related guidance from our experts.

Here are the ways to easily speak to a live person on Qatar Airways:

First, launch an internet browser and visit the booking website and click on the login button to access your booking account with the correct credentials.

Make sure you have selected your flight and choose contact mode where you will find contact resources like email service, phone call and chat service to contact live person soon.

If you want to speak to a live person on Qatar Airlines, you need to make a phone call, dial the phone number and press 1 to select the language.

Press 2 to select the questions and press 3 to continue with the same question and press 4 to talk to a person at Qatar Airways and share your doubts and questions with them easily by phone call.

You can also press 5 to choose a seat selection and reservation process and press 6 to check the status for the refund, which you can easily do with a phone call.

So if you need assistance regarding flight changes, seat selection and reservation, flight check-in and baggage policy, you can always speak to someone at Qatar Airways and have them over the phone for advice and assistance at your convenient time, easily.

Frequently asked questions about Qatar Airways

How can I complain to Qatar Airways?

If you wish to make a complaint to Qatar Airways and are not sure which method is the most effective, the points below will help you;

Feedback Page – You can easily leave your feedback on the Qatar Airways official website.

You can easily leave your feedback on Qatar Airways official website. Official Email – You can easily share your feedback by composing an email and sending it to Qatar Airways’ official email address.

You can easily share your feedback by composing an email and sending it to Qatar Airways official email address. The solution will be provided to you within 48 hours to 5 business days.

How do I contact Qatar Airways Customer Service?

You may contact Qatar Airways Customer Service Department to speak to a person at Qatar Airways using the methods below;

Phone Support – You can call Qatar Airways official phone number +1-877-777-2827 or +1-805-576-8081 which you can easily find on Qatar Airways official website.

You can call Qatar Airways official phone number +1-877-777-2827 or +1-805-576-8081 which you can easily find on Qatar Airways official website. Email – You can also write an email to Qatar Airways official email address and mention any doubts and questions you have.

How do I get a refund from Qatar Airways?

If you want to get a refund from Qatar Airways, you can easily complete the procedure using the points below.

Visit the Qatar Airways official website.

On the home page itself, click on “My Trips”.

Enter your booking reference and the passenger’s last name and click Retrieve booking.

You can easily initiate a refund on the following page.

How do I manage my booking with Qatar Airways?

You can easily check or manage your booking with Qatar Airways by visiting the Qatar Airways official website. On the homepage itself you will find a ‘My Trips’ or ‘My Bookings’ section where you can easily change your flight and manage all your Qatar Airways bookings.

How can I change my flight date with Qatar Airways?

You can either visit Qatar Airways official website to make the changes.

You can also visit Qatar Airways offices to make the changes on your Qatar flight.

How can I cancel my Qatar Airways ticket?

If you need to cancel your Qatar Airways ticket, it depends entirely on where you made the reservation.

If you made the reservation through the official website, you can also cancel it from there.

If you did it through a travel agent, you need to contact the travel agent.

Does Qatar Airways refund tickets?

Yes. Qatar Airways is offering refunds for their flight. If you bought a ticket on the official website, you can easily issue a refund. The amount depends on the policy and any postal deductions for cancellations.

How can I change my Qatar Airways ticket?

You can easily rebook your Qatar Airways ticket by visiting the Manage My Booking section of the Qatar Airways official website.

What is the cancellation fee for a Qatar Airways ticket?

If you are looking forward to an estimate that gives you an idea of ​​how much it may cost you to cancel your ticket on Qatar Airways, then the amount can vary from $50 to $175 depending on the scenario.

How long will it take to get a refund from Qatar Airways?

If you purchased a Qatar Airways ticket using your credit card, you can expect your refund to be posted within 7 days.

If you bought the ticket using cash or another form of payment, you can expect the payment to be refunded to the original form of payment within 20 working days.

How do I call Qatar Airways?

You can easily call Qatar Airways by calling the official phone number +1-877-777-2827 or +1-805-576-8081. Qatar Airways official phone number can be found on the official website. So, if you visit the “Contact Us” section on the official website, you can find the official phone number.

How can I email Qatar Airways?

You can easily email Qatar Airways on their official website by noting their official email address from their website.

How can I reach Qatar Airways?

You can easily see the options by visiting the Get Help section of the Qatar Airways official website.

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State-owned airline of Qatar

Qatar Airways Company Q.C.S.C. (Arabic: القطرية‎, al-Qaṭariya),[4] trading as Qatar Airways, is the national airline of Qatar.[5] Headquartered at Qatar Airways Tower in Doha[6], the airline operates a hub-and-spoke network and flies to over 150[7] international airport destinations in Africa, Asia, Europe, Americas and Oceania from Hamad International with one fleet of more than 200 aircraft. Qatar Airways Group employs more than 43,000 people. The airline has been a member of the Oneworld alliance since October 2013 ( ), the first airline in the Persian Gulf to sign one of the three major airline alliances.

history [edit]

A Qatar Airways 727-200 at Dubai International Airport in 1996.

Qatar Airways was incorporated on November 22, 1993 ( );[8] operations began on January 20, 1994 ( ).[9] Amman was first served in May 1994 ( ).[10] In April 1995 ( ) Sheikh Hamad Bin Ali Bin Jabor Al Thani was CEO of the airline employing 75 people. At this point the fleet consisted of two Airbus A310s serving a route network including Abu Dhabi, Bangkok, Cairo and Dubai, Khartoum, Kuwait, London, [contradictory] Madras, Manila, Muscat, Osaka, [contradictory] Sharjah, Taipei, Tokyo and Trivandrum.[9] In 1995, two former All Nippon Airways Boeing 747s were purchased from Boeing. The airline acquired a used Boeing 747SP from Air Mauritius in 1996.[13][14]

Services to Athens, Istanbul, Madras and Tunis were suspended at the end of 1996, while Kolkata and Muscat were withdrawn from the network in January and September 1997 (1997-09) respectively.[15] Flights to London started in 1997.[16] The airline also took delivery of two used 231-seat Airbus A300-600Rs leased from Ansett Worldwide Aviation Services (AWAS) during the year; They replaced two Boeing 747s. The addition of these two A300s to the fleet also marked the introduction of a new logo.[17] A third A300-600R joined the fleet shortly thereafter, also leased from AWAS.[18] In July 1998 ( ), the airline Airbus placed a firm order for six Airbus A320s to be delivered between 2001 and 2005; it has also taken options for five other aircraft of this type. Also in 1998, the airline entered into a deal with Singapore Aircraft Leasing Enterprise (SALE) to lease four Airbus A320s, scheduled for delivery between February and April 1999 ( );[21] these last four aircraft were to replace the Boeing 727-200 Advanced fleet and to close the capacity gap ahead of the delivery of Airbus’ first A320.[20] The airline took delivery of the first Aero Engines V2500 powered A320 on lease from SALE in February 1999 ( ).[22]

A fourth A300-600R leased from AWAS joined the fleet in April 2000 ( ).[24] In October 2000 ( ) Qatar Airways ordered a V2500-powered Airbus A319CJ from International Aero Engines and took an option for another aircraft of this type.[25] The airline became the ninth customer for the Airbus A380 in 2001 when two aircraft of the type plus two options were ordered.[26] Also that year, the airline resumed flights to Jakarta.[27] In 2002, the government of Qatar withdrew from Gulf Air.[28][29] In June 2003 ( ), a Qatar Airways Airbus A320 was the first aircraft to resume international services to Iraq, flying the Doha–Basra route.[30] Also that month, Qatar Airways added its first dedicated cargo aircraft to its fleet. It was an Airbus A300-600R that was converted into a freighter in Germany for 10 million US dollars.[31] Also in June 2003 ( ),[23] the airline Airbus placed a US$5.1 billion order at the Paris Air Show for two Airbus A321s, 14 Airbus A330s and two Airbus A340-600s.[32][ 33] The deal comprised eight A330-200s and six A300s, with options for a further six A330-300s and eight A340-600s.[23] The first aircraft should join the fleet in 2004, with the A340-600 scheduled for delivery in 2006.[23] During the year, the airline began serving the Chinese market with the introduction of flights to Shanghai.[34] Also in 2003, the airline expanded its portfolio of destinations with the addition of services to Manchester in April,[35] Tripoli in November[36] and Cebu and Singapore in December[37]. During the 2003 Dubai Air Show, the airline confirmed a previous commitment for two Airbus A380s and took options for two more of these aircraft. The value of the transaction was US$1.2 billion.[38] Also in 2003, Qatar Airways became the first airline to be audited under IATA’s new audit program, IOSA.[39]

Qatar Airways A380

The Qatar Airways Group – which includes Qatar Airways, Doha International Airport and corporate aviation services, ground handling and in-flight catering companies – reported its first-ever profit for the fiscal year (FY) ended March 2004 (2004-03). . In fiscal year 2004, the airline carried 3.35 million passengers.[40] Zurich became the airline’s 53rd destination worldwide in July 2004 ( );[41] Yangon was added to the list of destinations in December of the same year.[42] A new service to Osaka was launched in March 2005 ( ).[43][44] The first A340 was delivered on September 8, 2006.

In May 2007 ( ), Qatar Airways and Airbus signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for the acquisition of 80 Airbus A350 XWB, including 20 A350-800 and 40 and 20 aircraft of variants –900 and –1000 respectively, with which the first aircraft is originally to to be delivered in 2013.[45] The agreement was confirmed in June during the 2007 Paris Air Show;[46] three more Airbus A380s also became part of the order.[47] In July of that year, during the Boeing 787 unveiling ceremony in Everett, Qatar Airways was recognized as a future customer of the type when its logo appeared on one side of the all-new aircraft. At the time, the airline had not yet confirmed that it had ordered any number of these new aircraft.[48] In November of the same year, a firm order was confirmed for 30 Boeing 787-8s plus options for 35 additional -9 or -10 aircraft. The order also included 14 Boeing 777-300ERs, six Boeing 777-200LRs and seven Boeing 777Fs, with five other aircraft of this type being optional. The combined order was valued at US$13.5 billion.[49][50] The airline took delivery of its first 335-seat Boeing 777-300ER in late November 2007 ( ).[51] The route network continued to grow throughout 2007 with the addition of Newark in June[52] Nagpur – the airline’s seventh destination in India – in September[53] and Stockholm in November.[54] A new scheduled service to New York-JFK, beginning in November 2008 ( ), replaced the Newark route.[52] The first two Boeing 777-200LRs were handed over by the aircraft manufacturer in February 2009 ( ).[55] On June 15 of the same year, Qatar Airways ordered 20 Airbus A320s and 4 Airbus A321s at the Paris Air Show, valued at $1.9 billion.[56] On October 12, 2009, the company completed the world’s first commercial passenger flight powered by natural gas fuel.[57] Also in 2009, Qatar Airways launched its first scheduled flights to Australia, with Melbourne as the first city served;[58] routes to Chengdu, Hangzhou, Phnom Penh and Clark International Airport in the Philippines also launched in 2009.[44]

Tokyo-Narita was first served by the airline in April 2010 ( ).[44] On May 18, 2010, the airline took into service its first Boeing 777F (A7-BFA) with a flight from Doha to Amsterdam. The aircraft was delivered on May 14, 2010.[59] The airline has launched 22 new destinations since 2010 and announced nine more: Ankara, Aleppo, Bangalore, Barcelona, ​​​​Brussels, Bucharest, Budapest, Buenos Aires, Copenhagen, Hanoi, Montreal, Nice, Phuket, Sao Paulo, Shiraz, Kolkata, Medina, Oslo, Sofia, Stuttgart, Venice and Tokyo. Qatar Airways also introduced Benghazi and Entebbe in 2011.[60] The service to Baku and Tbilisi, originally planned for 2011, was postponed until February 1, 2012 due to “operational problems”.[61]

With the delivery of a Boeing 777-200LR by Boeing in September 2011 ( ), Qatar Airways received its 100th aircraft from this aircraft manufacturer.[62] In November of the same year, at the Dubai Airshow, the airline ordered 55 Airbus aircraft: 50 A320neo and 5 A380, in addition to two Boeing 777 Freighters.[63]

In July 2012 ( ), Perth became the second city to be served in Australia. On October 8, 2012, Qatar Airways announced that it would join Oneworld within the next 18 months.[64][65] The airline’s entry into the alliance was managed by British Airways. The joining ceremony was held on October 29, 2013 ( ) and Qatar Airways became the first major Persian Gulf airline to join an airline alliance.[66]

On November 12, 2012 ( ), Qatar Airways became the seventh airline in the world to acquire the Dreamliner, when Boeing delivered the first aircraft of the type to the airline;[67] it was the first to be delivered to an airline in the Middle East.[68] The aircraft was deployed on the Doha-Dubai corridor on November 20.[69] Dreamliner services on the long-haul Doha-London-Heathrow began on December 13, with the airline becoming the first to offer regular flights to the UK on the aircraft.[70][71] In 2013, Qatar Airways launched flights to Gassim in Saudi Arabia, Basra and Najaf in Iraq, Phnom Penh,[nb 1] Salalah and Chicago.[72] Services to Ethiopia began in September 2013 ( ).[73]

In February 2013, Qatar Airways opened its European Customer Service Center in Wrocław, Poland.[74][75]

In June 2013 ( ) the airline confirmed an order for two Boeing 777-300ER aircraft plus seven options.[76] On November 17, 2013, the first day of the Dubai Airshow, Qatar Airways purchased 50 Boeing 777-9X.[77] The commitment was reaffirmed during the 2014 Farnborough Air Show in a deal valued at $18.9 billion; In addition, purchase rights for a further 50 aircraft of the type were taken over. In addition, the transaction included firm orders for four Boeing 777Fs plus options for another four, totaling $2.7 billion.[78] Deliveries of the passenger aircraft are scheduled to begin in 2020.[79]

A business class-only flight to London Heathrow was launched in May 2014 ( ) using Airbus A319LR aircraft.[80][81][82] Flights to Edinburgh started in May 2014 ( ).[16][83] The airline expects to deliver its first three Airbus A380 aircraft in June 2014 ( ),[84] with plans to display the aircraft at the Farnborough Air Show.[85] There were intentions to use the type for the first time from 17 June on the Doha-London-Heathrow route;[86][87] a further two unspecified European points would probably be served with the A380. At the end of May 2014 ( ) it was reported that the delivery of the aircraft would be delayed by several weeks. Further delays pushed back the start of A380 services to London to 1 August 2014 ( ).[90][91] The delivery of the first aircraft of the type finally took place on September 16, 2014 ( ).[92] A380 services to London started in October 2014 ( ).[93][94][95] The airline became a launch customer for the A350 XWB; the first Airbus A350-900 was handed over to the company on December 22, 2014 ( ) and had its maiden flight to Frankfurt almost a month later on January 15, 2015 ( ).[96][97][98]

In January 2015 ( ), the airline completed a $1.24 billion order for four Boeing 777Fs; Qatar Airways also acquired rights to purchase four other aircraft of this type.[99][100] In June 2015 ( ) it was announced that Qatar Airways had ordered ten Boeing 777-8X and four more Boeing 777F for US$4.18 billion.

In January 2016 ( ), the airline received its first Boeing 747 noseloader.[104]

As of February 5, 2017, the airline had the longest scheduled scheduled flight between Doha and Auckland by any commercial airline.[105]

On September 1, 2017 ( ) it was announced that Qatar Airways had bought 49% of AQA Holding, Meridiana’s new shareholder.[106]

In November 2018, the airline announced that it would expand its flights to Iran, landing in Tehran and Shiraz from January 2019 and Isfahan in February.[107]

In December 2018, Qatar Airways CEO Akbar Al Baker threatened to pull the company out of the Oneworld alliance in February after allegations that alliance members Qantas and American Airlines engaged in “hostile commercial practices” against his airline.[108]

On April 30, 2019, Qatar Airways retired its last Airbus A340-600 after approximately 16 years of service. The last flight was QR835 from Bangkok Suvarnabhumi International Airport to Hamad International Airport. The decommissioning was intended to reduce the fleet’s age and inefficiency compared to the Boeing 777, as CEO Akbar Al Baker noted in 2009.[109]

Corporate affairs[ edit ]

Key people [ edit ]

As of June 2017, the CEO of Qatar Airways is Akbar Al Baker,[110] who has held the position since November 1996 ( ).[111] Baker is also a member of the Board of Directors of Heathrow Airport.[112]

Ownership and subsidiaries[ edit ]

As of May 2014, the company is fully owned by the Government of Qatar.[113] Qatar Airways has been under full government control since July 2013 ( ), after a former foreign minister and other shareholders bought out a 50 percent stake.[115] As of March 2019, Qatar Airways Group employed more than 45,000 people, of whom 32,000 worked directly for the airline.[7] As of February 2020, Qatar Airways is the largest shareholder of International Airlines Group (IAG) with a 25.1% stake.[116]

Departments[ edit ]

Qatar Airways has many divisions including: Qatar Aircraft Catering Company, Doha International Airport, Qatar Airways Holidays, United Media Int, Qatar Duty Free, Qatar Aviation Services, Qatar Distribution Company and Qatar Executive.[117]

Cargo[edit]

Qatar Airways Cargo, the airline’s cargo division, is the third largest international cargo airline in the world.[118] Special cargo flights to Cairo International Airport were launched in June 2009 to complement the passenger services already operated.[119]

On August 18, 2010, the airline launched its first dedicated US cargo service from its Doha hub to Chicago-O’Hare with a stopover in Amsterdam, Netherlands, using Boeing 777 cargo aircraft.

On March 13, 2013, the first of three A330Fs was delivered by Qatar Airways Cargo, leased from BOC Aviation, replacing the A300-600F.

Global Supply Systems operated three Boeing 747-8F aircraft under a wet lease agreement with British Airways World Cargo until BA early terminated the agreement on January 17, 2014.[123] On the same day, an agreement was announced with Qatar Airways to operate Boeing 777F flights for IAG Cargo.[124]

On March 18, 2015, Qatar Airways Cargo announced that beginning April 4, 2015, a twice-weekly Boeing 777 freighter service would depart to Los Angeles, which will be Qatar Airways Cargo’s fourth US freighter destination alongside Houston, Chicago and Atlanta. [125]

On December 27, 2016, Qatar Airways Cargo announced that it will begin cargo operations to four new destinations in the Americas. Boeing 777 Freighters will serve the South American cities of Buenos Aires, São Paulo, Quito and North America twice a week starting February 2, 2017.[126]

Qatar Executive[ edit ]

Qatar Executive is a corporate jet subsidiary of Qatar Airways whose livery features a white fuselage with a slightly smaller Oryx painted in the airline’s traditional colors of burgundy and grey.

Qatar Amiri Flight’s Royal Fleet is also painted in full Qatar Airways livery, although not part of the airline or Qatar Executive.

Al Maha Airways[edit]

Al Maha Airways was a proposed Saudi Arabia-based, later Qatar-based airline wholly owned by Qatar Airways. It used a similar livery except in green instead of burgundy. The launch was scheduled for September 2014 and by May 2015 the airline had already taken delivery of 4 Airbus A320 aircraft.[128][129][130]

In February 2017, Qatar Airways announced that the Al Maha Airways project had been canceled and the airline would not start operations due to ongoing problems in obtaining its operating license and the diplomatic crisis in Qatar.[131]

livery [ edit ]

Qatar Airways has an Oryx, the national animal of the State of Qatar,[132] as its logo.[133] The aircraft’s decal includes the word Qatar in burgundy letters on a light gray background on either side of the forward portion of the fuselage and the word Al Qataria in Arabic titles appearing alongside it in a darker gray and smaller font. A burgundy oryx on a gray background adorns the tail fin. The airline introduced this branding in 2006.[132]

Natural gas to liquid fuel demonstration [ edit ]

On October 12, 2009, a Qatar Airways Airbus A340-600 en route from London’s Gatwick Airport to London operated the world’s first commercial passenger flight using a blend of kerosene and synthetic Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) fuel made from natural gas becomes Doha.[134] The purpose of the experiment was to demonstrate the viability of jet fuel produced from a source that is not subject to rapidly fluctuating oil prices. The positioning of natural gas as an alternative source of kerosene is also in the interests of the Qatari government; Qatar is the world’s leading exporter of natural gas. However, some experts believe that GTL fuel is likely to remain a marginal choice due to an expensive production process.[135]

Investments[edit]

In 2015 they bought 9.99% of the International Airlines Group. Qatar has steadily increased its stake since then, holding 25.1% of the shares as of February 2020.[155]

In December 2019, Qatar Airways acquired a 60 percent stake in Rwanda’s new US$1.3 billion international airport, Bugesera International Airport. The Memorandum of Understanding signed between Qatar Airways and the Rwandan government read: “The partnership comprises three agreements to build, own and operate the state-of-the-art facility.”[156]

In February 2020, Qatar Airways acquired a 49% stake in Rwanda’s flagship airline, RwandAir. The partnership is said to be beneficial to both airlines as it would provide technical and financial support to RwandAir for its development and hub strategy while Qatar Airways would be able to circumvent the embargo imposed by neighboring countries.[157][158]

Qatar Airways also invests a 10% stake in LATAM Airlines Group.[159]

They also own a 9.99% interest in Cathay Pacific.[160]: 44

Qatar Airways and jetBlue are minority shareholders of JSX.[161]

Destinations[edit]

Qatar Airways Destinations (January 2021)

Qatar Airways flies to over 90 countries on all 6 inhabited continents – including 13 destinations in India and 11 in the United States.[162]

In 2012, fourteen more destinations were added to the Qatar Airways network: Addis Ababa, Baghdad, Belgrade, Erbil, Gassim, Kigali, Kiliminjaro, Maputo, Mombasa, Perth, Saint Petersburg, Warsaw, Yangon and Zagreb.[163][164] [165]

On May 27, 2014 ( ) the landing of a flight from Bahrain at Hamad International Airport in Doha marked the official transfer of Qatar Airways operations to its new hub replacing Doha International Airport. As of December 2014, after launching flights to Asmara, Qatar Airways served 146 points worldwide[170].[171] The airline previously added Dallas/Fort Worth to the route network, the airline’s seventh destination in the United States and second in Texas along with Houston,[172][173][174] Haneda,[175][176][177] . ] Miami,[178][179][180] Edinburgh, its third UK destination,[16] Istanbul’s Sabiha Gökçen International Airport, its third point served in Turkey,[181] and Djibouti.[182] From June 2015 ( ) the airline will serve Amsterdam.[170] As of December 2015, it was announced that the airline would serve Durban.[183]

In June 2017, all Qatar Airways flights were blocked from serving airports in the Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Egypt due to the 2017 diplomatic crisis. All airlines in these countries had already suspended operations in Qatar’s airspace and airports. This ban lasted until January 2021, when it was lifted.[184]

On June 18, 2019, Qatar Airways launched its first flight from Doha to Davao, Philippines.[185]

On July 1, three months after the announcement of flights from Doha to Mogadishu, Qatar Airways launched its first flight to Somalia.

In August 2019, the company introduced flights to Langkawi as part of its expansion plans in Southeast Asia. The route is Qatar Airways’ third destination in Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur and Penang.[186]

In January 2021, the embargo was lifted and Qatar Airways was again able to fly to and use the airspace of countries such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain.[187]

As of January 25, 2021, Qatar Airways’ network will span 120 destinations following the settlement of Qatar’s airspace dispute with neighboring Gulf countries. The airline is currently planning to expand its network to 130 routes by March 2021.[188]

On July 24, 2021, Qatar Airways resumed service to Cebu after an eight-year absence. Cebu, the second largest city in the Philippines, became the country’s third destination served by Qatar Airways.[189]

Codeshare agreement [ edit ]

Qatar Airways has codeshare agreements with the following airlines and train systems:[190]

Fleet[ edit ]

Current fleet[ edit ]

As of January 2022, the Qatar Airways fleet consists of the following aircraft:[201][202][203][204]

Note: While not affiliated with the airline, some Royal Family and Government VIP aircraft are also painted in Qatar Airways livery and operated as Qatar Amiri Flight.

Qatar Executive Fleet [ edit ]

As of August 2017, the Qatar Executive fleet consists of the following aircraft:[236]

Previously operated[ edit ]

Qatar Airways formerly operated the following aircraft:

cabin [ edit ]

First class [edit]

Qatar Airways offers First Class passengers more than eight feet of legroom and seats that fold down into flat beds with duvets. First class seats are equipped with massage functions and an entertainment system. First Class, available only on the A380, offers a 90-inch seat pitch that converts to a fully-flat bed, as well as an extensive range of entertainment options displayed on single 26-inch television screens. It is configured as 1-2-1.[242][243] All new Airbus A350 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner aircraft will be in a standard two-class configuration.[244]

Business class[edit]

Qatar Airways’ new business class product, the Qsuite, on a Boeing 777-300ER.

Qatar Airways offers business class passengers on board its Airbus A380, Airbus A350, Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 aircraft fully-flat horizontal beds with direct aisle access in a 1-2-1 configuration. On other long- and medium-haul aircraft, business class seats are configured in a 2-2-2 configuration with 180-degree reclining flat-bed seats and massage functions.[245]

In March 2017, Qatar Airways introduced a new business class cabin called “Qsuite”. The new cabin features suites with doors arranged in a 1-2-1 configuration.[246] The Qsuite has single window-side seats, and the mid-section suites can be converted into quads, allowing four passengers to face each other set up like a dining room. Additionally, select “couple” mid-section seating pairs can be converted into a double bed and offer a product similar to what other airlines are offering in First Class. Introduced on the new Boeing 777-300ER and A350 XWB aircraft from Summer 2017 and originally introduced on the Doha to London Heathrow route, the new seats will be phased in retrofitted in the remaining fleet,[247] except for the Airbus A330 and Airbus A380 due to their upcoming phase-out of the types from 2019 and 2024, when Qatar Airways introduced the Airbus A350, Boeing 787 and Boeing 777X to replace them.[248] [249][250]

Economy class[edit]

Economy class seats (equipped with Oryx One inflight entertainment screens) on a Qatar Airways Boeing 777-200LR.

Qatar Airways Economy Class was voted the best in the world at the 2009 and 2010 Skytrax Awards. Qatar Airways offers Economy Class passengers up to 34 inches of seat pitch. Economy Class passengers on A330 aircraft are offered individual seat-back TV screens. Touchscreen IFE monitors are offered to passengers on Airbus A350, A380, Boeing 777 and 787 aircraft.

Qatar Airways has taken delivery of several A320 Family aircraft with individual seatback TVs in each economy class seat. The IFE is equipped with the same Thales entertainment system that is used in the wide-body fleet. A further four A321s and the two A319LRs will be fitted with the new IFE, as will deliveries of new A320 Family aircraft.

New economy seats will be introduced with the launch of the 787.[246] These new seats are produced by Recaro and installed in a 3-3-3 configuration. 16.9 inches wide and 32 inches apart offers less personal space than before. In addition, each seat features a 10.6-inch LED seat monitor that provides in-flight entertainment. Functionality will also extend to the ability to use Wi-Fi and GSM telephony, and USB ports to connect personal items such as digital cameras.[251]

Inflight entertainment [ edit ]

Qatar Airways’ in-flight entertainment system is called Oryx One.[252] With the exception of some Airbus A320 Family aircraft, all aircraft have personal seatback infotainment screens. Some Airbus A320 Family aircraft are equipped with entertainment on the main screen. Qatar to convert Airbus A320 Family aircraft to AVOD with seatback. Qatar Airways also offers Onboard Connectivity Wi-Fi, which allows passengers to send SMS and MMS, access email and surf the web. This service is available on all A380, A350, B777, B787, A319 and selected A320, A321 and A330 aircraft.[253]

Privilege Club[ edit ]

Qatar Airways’ Privilege Club loyalty program allows members to earn Avios miles while flying (with Qatar Airways and oneworld airline partners) and non-airline partners, as well as 1:1 transfer of Avios miles from Avios programs from British Airways, Iberia and Aer Lingus. Privilege Club also awards Qpoints for segments flown on Qatar Airways and oneworld partner airlines. Achieving a certain Qpoints level in a year allows the member (the base member level is Burgundy) to be awarded oneworld Ruby (Silver), Sapphire (Gold) or oneworld Emerald (Platinum) status which includes benefits such as Lounge -Access, free upgrades and additional baggage allowances included.[254]

Lounges[ edit ]

Following the start of full operations at the new Doha hub in 2014, the Al Mourjan Business Lounge was opened in July 2014 for Qatar Airways’ premium passengers. Access to the Al Mourjan Business Lounge is restricted to Qatar Airways and Oneworld First and Business Class passengers only. citation required]

In 2015, Qatar Airways opened the Al Safwa First Lounge for its First Class passengers.[255]

The airline’s first lounge outside of Doha opened in London Heathrow’s Terminal 4 in January 2012, and Qatar Airways opened its new Premium Lounge in Dubai-International’s Concourse D in April 2016. In January 2017, Qatar Airways opened its new Premium Lounge in Terminal 1 at Charles de Gaulle Airport.[256]

Incidents [ edit ]

controversy[edit]

Relation to the Qatari state[ edit ]

Competition issues[edit]

In 2016, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines and United Airlines claimed that their forensic investigators had discovered documents allegedly indicating that Qatar Airways had received more than US$7 billion in aid from the Qatari government.[260] The investigation was reportedly conducted by Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP. Im Juli 2016 führte das US-Außenministerium Gespräche mit katarischen Regierungsbeamten über die Vorwürfe des unlauteren Wettbewerbs. Vom Außenministerium wurden keine formellen Maßnahmen ergriffen.[261] Qatar Airways hat Vorwürfe zurückgewiesen, dass Subventionen erhalten wurden, und Akbar Al Baker, CEO von Qatar Airways, verurteilte die Anschuldigungen.[262][263][264]

Menschenrechte [Bearbeiten]

Qatar Airways wurde von der autoritären Regierung in Katar als Beispiel für „Soft Power“-Diplomatie beschrieben, um den Staat umzubenennen.[265] Menschenrechtsorganisationen haben Qatar Airways für ihre Beziehung zum Staat Katar kritisiert und die schlechte Menschenrechtsbilanz in Katar angeführt.[266][267]

Kontroversen am Arbeitsplatz [ bearbeiten ]

Im Jahr 2013 behauptete The Economist, dass „eine Durchsicht von Online-Foren, die von der Kabinenbesatzung genutzt werden, darauf hindeutet, dass Katar unter Branchenexperten einen Ruf für Strenge hat, einschließlich „Vorwürfe über harte Behandlung und überhebliche Prüfung sind an der Tagesordnung“ und dass „die Bedingungen, die von Qatar Airways geht über vertrautere Regeln hinaus … die Mitarbeiterin kann entlassen werden, wenn sie schwanger wird (was sie vertraglich verpflichtet ist, offenzulegen, „ab dem Datum, an dem sie davon Kenntnis hat“)“.[268] Der CEO von Airways, Akbar Al Baker hat zuvor erklärt: „Wir betreiben keinen Geheimdienst, wir sind eine Fluggesellschaft. Der Grund, warum ich alles weiß, was in der Firma passiert, ist … ich bin einfach überall, rede mit allen, höre ihnen zu.“[269]

Im Jahr 2014 veröffentlichte die schwedische Zeitung Expressen einen Bericht, der sich angeblich um drei Mitarbeiter von Qatar Airways drehte, deren Leben angeblich stark vom Unternehmen „überwacht“ und „kontrolliert“ wurde.[270] Die schwedische PR-Agentur von Qatar Airways antwortete auf den Bericht mit den Worten: „Da wir nicht wissen, auf welche Personen und welche konkreten Fälle sich der Artikel bezieht, kann Qatar Airways keinen Kommentar abgeben.“[270] CEO Akbar Al Baker erklärte, dass sich die Anschuldigungen „nicht gegen [das Unternehmen], sondern gegen [Katar] richten“. Er fügte hinzu: „Sie werfen ohne Grund Steine ​​auf mein Land.“[271]

Die Internationale Transportarbeiter-Föderation (ITF) hat Qatar Airways wegen bestimmter Bestimmungen in den Standard-Anstellungsverträgen für weibliche Kabinenbesatzungsmitglieder „verprügelt“, einschließlich der Notwendigkeit, vor der Eheschließung eine Genehmigung zu beantragen.[271] Die ITF hat sich bei der Internationalen Zivilluftfahrt-Organisation dafür eingesetzt, „Maßnahmen zu ergreifen“ gegen das, was die ITF als „eklatanten Missbrauch der Arbeitsrechte von Luftfahrtarbeitern“ durch Fluggesellschaften mit Sitz in Katar und den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten bezeichnete.[271]

Im August 2015 war Qatar Airways gezwungen, ihre Politik der Entlassung von Kabinenbesatzungen zu lockern, weil sie in den ersten fünf Jahren ihrer Anstellung schwanger wurden oder heirateten. Eine Sprecherin erklärte: „Unsere Richtlinien haben sich mit dem Wachstum der Fluggesellschaft weiterentwickelt“. Nach den neuen Regelungen „werden wir jemandem die Möglichkeit geben, in einer Bodenposition weiterzuarbeiten“, sagte die Sprecherin.[272]

During an annual meeting of the International Air Transport Association in 2018, the CEO of Qatar Airways, Akbar Al Baker, claimed that a woman could not do his job as “it is a very challenging position.”[273] Upon receiving backlash regarding his comments, Al Baker explained that he did not intend to refer to all women at Qatar Airways. He also mentioned that he would love to have a female CEO running the company after him.[273] Since then, Al Baker has apologized for his comments in a statement that was provided to The Independent.[274]

See also[edit]

Notes [edit]

^ [44] It had been previously informed that the carrier launched flights to this destination in 2009.

References[edit]

Media related to Qatar Airways at Wikimedia Commons

Qatar Airways continues to strengthen its position as the leading international airline connecting the United States with Africa, Asia and the Middle East with more than 100 weekly flights through its 12 gateways.

These expanded services come in addition to the airline expanding flights to several of its key global holiday destinations, including Cape Town, the Maldives, Phuket, Seychelles and Zanzibar, and offering more flexible summer holiday travel options via Hamad International Airport.

For Australian passengers, Qatar Airways offers excellent connections and seamless travel to the US via Doha.

Four US gateways – Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and Washington D.C. – will offer double daily flights, Dallas-Fort Worth will increase to 12 weekly flights, with Boston, Miami, Philadelphia, San Francisco and Seattle all becoming one daily service.

Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive, His Excellency Mr. Akbar Al Baker, said: “We are proud to be the leading international airline, providing safe and reliable connections to and from the United States via the only 5-star COVID-19 19 security airport in offers Middle East, Hamad International Airport.

“Qatar Airways has maintained its commitment to the United States during the pandemic, adding two new destinations, San Francisco and Seattle, while increasing flights through our 12 gateways to optimize connections to our growing network of over 140 destinations.

“We’ve also strengthened our strategic partnerships with Alaska Airlines, American Airlines and JetBlue, which allow us to fly to more cities and airports in the United States than any other airline and offer U.S. travelers the most convenient way to travel internationally this summer to travel.

“As we continue to lead the recovery in international travel, we will remain focused on providing our millions of passengers with seamless, secure and reliable connectivity and providing an unparalleled travel experience every time they choose to fly with Qatar Airways ‘ Mr Al Baker said.

Qatar Airways was the first global airline in the world to receive the prestigious 5-star COVID-19 flight safety rating from the international air traffic control organization Skytrax. This follows HIA’s recent success as the first and only airport in the Middle East and Asia to be awarded a Skytrax 5-Star COVID-19 Airport Safety Rating.

The airline was also awarded the highest seven-star COVID-19 safety rating from Airlineratings.com, which uses a different system than Skytrax.

For detailed information on all COVID safety measures implemented on board Qatar Airways aircraft and at HIA, please visit qatarairways.com/safety.

US network improvements:

Increase to double daily flights from Doha:

Chicago – Increase to double daily flights between July 21st and September 26th

Los Angeles – Increase to double daily flights between July 16th and September 26th

New York – Increase to double daily flights starting June 29

Washington DC – Increase to double daily flights between July 22nd and September 26th

Dallas-Fort Worth – Increase to 12 weekly flights between July 11th and September 26th

Daily flights from Doha:

Houston – Continued daily flights

Boston – Increase to daily flights from July 3rd

Miami – Increase to daily flights from July 4th

San Francisco – Increase to daily flights from June 29th

Seattle – Increase to daily flights starting June 28th

Philadelphia – Increase to five weekly flights beginning July 6th and daily flights beginning July 21st

Atlanta – Increase to five weekly starting July 15th

Knowing you’re safe is one thing, but flexibility is key now.

Qatar Airways has extended the validity of its guaranteed flexibility policy, which applies to tickets issued by August 31, 2021, to travel until May 2022.

passengers can;

Keep your ticket – and use it when you’re ready with extended ticket validity, now valid for 2 years from the ticket issue date for more flexibility.

Unlimited Changes – Passengers can change travel dates and destinations within the same booking class as many times as they like without incurring any fees.

Voucher with 10 percent more value – When booking on qatarairways.com or in the app, passengers can also exchange the unused value of their ticket for a travel voucher with 10 percent more value.

Ticket Refunds – Passengers also have the option to refund the unused value of the ticket back to the original form of payment with no penalties or refund fees.

Click here for more information on Qatar Airways’ flexibility policy.

ORD-DOH Qatar Airways B777-300 QSuites Business Class – This report

This trip could be called “You fell for a sales trip”. One morning in September I received an email from Krisflyer saying their new long-haul A350s were on sale. What was normally 88,000 points on the west coast was promoted to 65,000 points. The Newark flight was something more. I checked availability and the flight from LA was too late to continue to Chicago and the flight from Newarks was not available for the time I wanted to travel. Then I stumbled upon the A350 ULR’s maiden flight to SFO. Further research found Q-Suites to Doha and Q-Suites to Singapore on the new Qatar A350-1K. So when I woke up that morning I had no intention of traveling around the world but was booked within a few hours New Business Class – comingHKG-SIN Singapore Airlines A380 New First Class – comingSIN-SFO Singapore Airlines A350-9 ULR Business Class – ComingSOF-ORD Alaska Airlines A320 First Class – ComingThis time there was no disappointment.Followers of the Rewardflying trip reports recall that a few months ago my long-awaited chance to experience Qatar’s new QSuite Business Class cabin, after changing planes only disappeared a month before departure and almost 10 months after booking. Long-term anticipation turned into short-term disappointment. And the flight was worse, no doubt clouded by my prejudices. Arriving at O’Hare International for this flight began with a surprise. After a smooth check-in, I went to the Qatar Lounge. The surprise was that it’s the same humble Skyteam lounge I’d just visited while flying KLM to catch that Qatar flight with OUT QSuite a few months ago. This is the lounge that doesn’t even have its own washroom. Qatar owns part of British Airways, which has 2 lounges in O’Hare Terminal 5. Qatar can’t use any of them? The only redeeming factor of this lounge is that it has a beautiful view of the runway. Boarding was a disaster. But anyway, I’m sitting in 1A, which is a blocked seat. I got it at the check. (Spoilers, don’t take it if it’s offered to you.) Entering the 777 cabin through door 2. Well documented is the fact that cabin pictures from Qatar, especially at night, don’t come across well because of the moody lighting. This flight is no exception, sorry. Some will be better in the next report, an A350-1K day trip. My first impression was positive. The suite walls are very high for maximum privacy. Much higher than the walls of Delta’s Suite One. Privacy is maximum. Sitting upright in my seat, this panoramic view takes the photos at eye level. Seat 1A faces rearward. All true window seats in QSuite-land are rear-facing and have odd-numbered rows. Highly recommended for solo travellers. Honestly I expected the size to be a bit bigger. This is not a complaint, just an observation. The entrance to the suite is a bit narrow. Row 1 has 3 windows. However, row 6 has only a single window United’s new Polaris seat. This monitor was fantastic. The seat is 21 1/2 inches wide, however the armrest can be lowered and with a separate seat cushion next to you. in reality it appears to be much wider. This adjustable armrest is also a storage area underneath, similar to Zodiac Cirrus inverted herringbone seats. Qatar has subpoenaed a bottle of Evian water. The other great feature of this seat is the leg room. The specs claim 79 inches of bed space from head to toe. That’s pretty good for business class. I had no trouble sleeping very comfortably at 6ft tall. Forward-facing seats have a slightly larger (it seemed) side pillow. But I’m not sure, maybe it’s because of the sliding door. These are the middle seats in row 1, which are also rear-facing. This view across the row gives a different perspective on how private these suites are, even with the door open. The storage and control corner of the Qsuite pod is extremely well thought out. Not only is there a table above, but there is also a second table below it, like a shelf with all the controls below. When you arrive at your seat you will find a lot of blankets and pillows stacked on the top table. All this stuff will fall to the ground on takeoff unless you’re in a rear-facing seat. Then maybe just a pillow or blanket. The joys of the back! The shelf table is great for phones, tables, computers, headphones and all sorts of things. Some of the controls below, including an NFC reader (better photos in the next review, I promise). Reading light and coat hook are above the adjustable armrest. A glimpse of the restroom before enjoying the superb Qatari cuisine. This one behind the cockpit window side was the largest I used. Aft of the center cockpit was another one that seemed small. All were nicely stocked with mouth and dental products as well as lotions and facial sprays. Toilets were kept clean throughout the flight. Time to go. The airshow had a detail from ORD. I can’t say I’ve seen this in such detail before. The rain started on pushback and through the drops a second photo of a Lufthansa aircraft with their new color scheme, this one on their A350s arriving from Munich. The champagne on the flight was Pommery. I went straight to the red wine. The chief flight attendant, Edward, seemed a bit shy. It is also difficult to cast these suites as their working space is tight. However, the wine was excellent. The proof of this is that there wasn’t much left of this bottle when it arrived. Let the fun begin! The rest of the beverage offer on this flight. The table was set, candles and everything. A delicious canapé was offered while I perused the menu, as well as a refill of Médoc red. I wish I could tell you what it was, but like I said, I think the bottle was empty. Now it’s time to make a decision. The menu, while not extensive, had a decent selection. The other crew member who took care of 1A was a younger woman who was inexperienced and whose English wasn’t the best. So I think part of the problem that took place was language translation. She asked what I would like for dinner. I answered the beef tenderloin. She asked, “Is that all?” And I said well I will have the Arabic mezze for starters as there was no choice of soup and I thought they would ask for dessert later. Not so. First came the mezze. It was amazing. As you can see, the cutlery is misplaced. The young FA mentioned using someone’s watch to tell how to place the cutlery here. This might be a good plan unless the seat is rear-facing and the passenger is left-handed. Then she asked if I was ready for the main course. They forgot the soup or interpreted that I don’t want the soup. I didn’t care that it came after the starter. Another delicious dish. At this point I was confident that the steak would be done to the maximum as I assumed it was fully cooked when they asked me if I was ready for it, but then asked for soup and probably more wine. Another round of heating would have reached the well-done temperature. It was perfect (at least given the airline’s considerations). Very tender, probably medium temperature. Plus, it was an attractive dish, and those asparagus were actually tender and crispy. After the potatoes, please. After dinner, Edward stopped by and handed out chocolates. I asked, “No dessert tonight?” Yes, this crew missed a few bars, but was otherwise very nice. When the right dessert came, it was worth the wait. The IFE system was really nice with a crisp display and a huge range of content including a good air show. We took a direct easterly route to Doha. I was hoping for the northern route and possibly spotted the Northern Lights. Not this evening. Amenities were above average for a business class fare. Qatar provides pajamas (although not of the same quality as First Class, the shirt is more like a long-sleeved t-shirt), the typical BRIC amenity kit and Qatar headphones on their night flights. Free WiFi for business class customers. When I tested the speed, it was fair. But free is better than fair. The flight attendant offered to make the bed and I switched to the pajamas. The mattress pad was quite thick, the blankets were soft and the pillows were plentiful. I slept well, apart from constant noise from a storage cupboard behind my seat and the bulkhead that the FAs must have opened 500 times. Click when the latch engages. Yes, 1A is great except for this issue. So if sleep is on the agenda, just find another seat. A good 7 hours wiped out the Médoc effect and it was time for breakfast. I ordered cold cuts and oatmeal. I’m still left handed. This was a nice selection of meats, smoked salmon and cheeses. Note the hard boiled egg though. Does it look a little see-through to you? Frozen solid. Slid on that plate like a hockey puck. Then I’m not sure if I ordered brown sugar or oatmeal. So breakfast wasn’t their best effort. No, that’s not the sunrise, although breakfast was just served. This is the sunset as we land in Doha for a 4:30pm landing. We parked at a secluded stand. How fun it is to get some close up shots of the Qatar 777-300. This was Qatar’s newest 777-300, Reg# A7-BEX.

Direct Flights from Chicago to Doha Did you mean flights from Doha to Chicago?

Chicago United States ORD O’Hare International Airport (Formerly Orchard Depot Fi Change Direction Doha Qatar DOH Doha International Airport Check Prices Or compare the best hotels in Doha

Flight Schedule Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Click here for full flight schedule Distance 7,116 miles · (11,452 km) Flight time 13 hours and 20 minutes Airlines Alliances OneWorld

sky team

Star Alliance economy classes

Premium economy

business class

First class aircraft Boeing 777-200LR

Boeing 777-300ER

Chicago to Doha Flight Schedules Scan all direct flights from Chicago to Doha. The full flight schedule below provides an overview of all non-stop flights from ORD to DOH, including the daily flight schedule of all operating airlines for the next 12 months. Note: For airline-specific flight schedules, please scroll down. return schedule

Airlines Flying From Chicago To Doha Specific Flight Schedules From Chicago To Doha Currently there is only one airline that operates non-stop flights from Chicago ORD to Doha DOH and that is Qatar Airways. This section gives an overview of the flight schedules and timetables of all airlines with direct flights for this route. Click on an airline below to view its ORD DOH flight schedule.

Chicago to Doha Qatar Airways is a member of the OneWorld Return schedule

Flights from Chicago to Doha Flights from ORD to DOH operate 7 times per week, with an average of 1 flight per day. Departure times vary between 00:30 and 20:10. The earliest flight departs at 00:30 and the last flight at 20:10. However, this depends on the date you fly. So please check the full flight schedule above to see what departure times are available on your preferred travel date(s). You can fly in Economy and Business Class. Premium Economy and First Class are not available on this route (at least not as a non-stop flight). The fastest direct flight from Chicago to Doha takes 13 hours and 20 minutes. The flight distance between Chicago and Doha is 7,116 miles (or 11,452 km).

Start planning your trip Let’s find the best price for this route! Planning a trip

The safety and health of our passengers and employees is our top priority.

Qatar Airways is working closely with global and national authorities to implement the latest COVID-19 (Coronavirus) advice and guidance and operate our services accordingly.

Effective July 16, 2021: Based on the latest updates from local authorities, all passengers departing from Ho Chi Minh City must have a valid negative COVID test certificate in addition to meeting your destination’s COVID testing requirements. Please prepare your COVID test certificate accordingly.

Currently, local authorities only require a negative COVID test certificate for passengers departing from Ho Chi Minh City. We will update as the requirements for passengers departing from Hanoi expand.

Qatar Airways is currently operating a weekly round trip flight schedule from Vietnam as usual.

If you have any questions, please contact our call center on 028 38273 888

or email: [email protected] for further assistance.

Your loyalty means everything to us and we want to honor your decision to fly with us. If you are unable to maintain your {tier} on {tierEndDate}, we will automatically extend your {tier} tier to December 31, 2022.

Learn more

Qatar Airways is certified as a 5-star airline for the quality of its airport and inflight products and staff service. The product rating includes seats, amenities, food and beverages, IFE, cleanliness, etc. The service rating covers both cabin crew and ground crew.

“As one of the first airlines ever to achieve 5-star status, Qatar Airways maintains its global leadership in providing customers with the highest quality products and services. In-cabin seating and amenities, food and beverage, and IFE set or meet global best practices, backed by 5-star cabin crew service. Qatar Airways operates from the 5-star hub of Hamad International Airport in Doha.”

» Explanation of the star rating levels

» A-Z Index of Airline Ratings

country in western Asia

This article is about the country. For other places, see Qatar (disambiguation)

Coordinates:

Qatar, [a] officially the State of Qatar, [b] is a country in Western Asia. It occupies the small peninsula of Qatar on the northeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula and shares its only land border with neighboring Gulf Cooperation Council monarchy Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian Gulf. The Gulf of Bahrain, an inlet of the Persian Gulf, separates Qatar from nearby Bahrain. The capital is Doha, home to over 80% of the country’s population.

Qatar has been ruled by the House of Thani as a hereditary monarchy since Muhammad ibn Thani signed a treaty with the British in 1868 recognizing its separate status. After Ottoman rule, Qatar became a British protectorate in the early 20th century until gaining independence in 1971. The current Emir is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, who holds almost all executive and legislative powers under the Qatar Constitution and controls the judiciary.[14] He appoints the Prime Minister and the cabinet. The partially elected Consultative Assembly can block legislation and has limited power to dismiss ministers.

At the beginning of 2017, Qatar’s total population was 2.6 million: 313,000 Qatari citizens and 2.3 million expatriates.[15] Its official religion is Islam.[16] In terms of income, the country has the fourth highest GDP (PPP) per capita in the world[17] and the sixth highest GNI per capita (Atlas method).[18] Qatar has the third highest HDI in the Arab world.[19] It is a high-income economy, backed by the third largest natural gas and oil reserves in the world.[20] Qatar is the world’s largest exporter of liquefied natural gas[21] and the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide per capita.[22]

In the 21st century, Qatar’s wealth of resources[23][24] as well as its globally expanding Al Jazeera Media Network media group made it a middle power in the Arab world and reportedly provided financial support to several rebel groups during the 21st century Arab Spring.[25] [26][27] Qatar’s human rights record has been viewed by academics and non-governmental organizations as generally poor, with restrictions on civil liberties such as freedom of association, freedom of expression and the press, and the treatment of thousands of migrant workers amounting to forced labor for projects in the country.[28][29] The 2022 FIFA World Cup was awarded to Qatar under disputed circumstances, becoming the first Muslim country in the Arab world to host the event.[30] Qatar hosted the 2006 Asian Games and will also host the 2030 Asian Games.[31]

etymology

Pliny the Elder, a Roman writer, documented the earliest accounts of the peninsula’s inhabitants around the mid-first century AD, referring to them as Catharrei, a term possibly derived from the name of a prominent local settlement. 32][33] A century later Ptolemy produced the first known map depicting the peninsula and called it Catara.[33][34] The map also pointed to a town called “Cadara” in the east of the peninsula.[35] The term “Catara” (inhabitants, Cataraei)[36] was used exclusively until the 18th century, after which “Katara” became the most popular spelling.[35] Finally, after several variations – “Katr”, “Kattar” and “Guttur” – the modern derivation Qatar was adopted as the country name.[37]

In standard Arabic, the name is pronounced [ˈqɑtˤɑr], while in the local dialect it is [ˈɡitˤar].[10]

story

antiquity

Human settlement in Qatar dates back to 50,000 years ago.[38] Stone Age settlements and tools have been excavated on the peninsula.[38] Mesopotamian artifacts from the Ubaid period (ca. 6500–3800 BC) have been discovered in abandoned coastal settlements.[39] Al Da’asa, a settlement on the west coast of Qatar, is the country’s main Ubaid site and is said to have housed a small seasonal camp.[40][41]

Cassitic Babylonian material from the second millennium BC. found on the Al-Khor Islands testifies to trade relations between the people of Qatar and the Kassites of present-day Bahrain.[42] Among the finds were 3,000,000 crushed snail shells and cassite potsherds.[40] It has been suggested that Qatar is the earliest known location of shellfish dye manufacture, as a crimson dye industry made from cassites existed on the coast.

In AD 224, the Sasanian Empire gained control of the lands around the Persian Gulf.[44] Qatar played a role in Sasanian trade and contributed at least two goods: precious pearls and purple dyes.[45] Under Sasanian rule, many residents of eastern Arabia were introduced to Christianity after the Mesopotamian Christians had spread the religion east.[46] During this time, monasteries were built and other settlements founded.[47][48] During the latter part of the Christian era, Qatar comprised a region known as “Beth Qatraye” (Syrian for “House of the Qataris”).[49] The region was not limited to Qatar; this also included Bahrain, Tarout Island, Al-Khatt and Al-Hasa.[50]

Early and Late Islamic Period (628–1783)

In 628, Muhammad sent a Muslim envoy to a Sasanian governor in eastern Arabia named Mundhir ibn Sawa al-Tamimi, urging him and his subjects to embrace Islam. Munzir complied with his request and accordingly most of the Arab tribes in the region converted to Islam.[51] In mid-century the Muslim conquest of Persia led to the fall of the Sasanian Empire.[52]

Qatar has been described as a famous horse and camel breeding center during the Umayyad period.[53] In the 8th century it began to benefit from its economically strategic position in the Persian Gulf and became a center for the pearl trade.

During the Abbasid era, there was significant development in the pearling industry around the Qatar Peninsula. Ships bound for India and China from Basra would stop at Qatar’s ports during this time. Chinese porcelain, West African coins and artifacts from Thailand have been discovered in Qatar.[52] Archaeological remains from the 9th century indicate that Qatar’s people used greater wealth to construct better quality homes and public buildings. During this period, over 100 stone houses, two mosques and an Abbasid fortress were built in Murwab.[56][57] As the prosperity of the Caliphate declined in Iraq, so did Qatar.[58] Qatar is mentioned in the 13th-century book Mu’jam Al-Buldan by the Muslim scholar Yaqut al-Hamawi, which alludes to the finely striped woven cloaks of the Qataris and their skill in improving and refining spears.[59]

Much of Eastern Arabia was controlled by the Usfurids in 1253, but control of the region was taken by the Prince of Ormus in 1320. The pearls of Qatar provided the kingdom with one of its main sources of income.[61] In 1515, Manuel I of Portugal subordinated the kingdom of Ormus as a vassal. Portugal conquered a significant part of eastern Arabia in 1521. In 1550, the inhabitants of Al-Hasa voluntarily submitted to Ottoman rule, preferring it to the Portuguese.[63] After maintaining a negligible military presence in the region, the Ottomans were driven out by the Bani Khalid tribe in 1670.

Bahraini and Saudi rule (1783–1868)

In 1766, members of the Al-Khalifa family of the Utub tribal confederation migrated from Kuwait to Zubarah in Qatar.[65][66] At the time of their arrival, the Bani Khalid exercised weak authority over the peninsula, despite the fact that the largest village was ruled by their distant relatives. In 1783, the Qatar-based Bani Utbah clans and allied Arab tribes invaded and annexed Bahrain from the Persians. The Al Khalifa asserted their authority over Bahrain and retained their jurisdiction over Zubarah.[65]

A partially restored part of the ruined city of Zubarah

After his swearing-in as crown prince of the Wahhabi in 1788, Saud ibn Abd al-Aziz moved east to expand Wahhabi territory towards the Persian Gulf and Qatar. After defeating the Bani Khalid in 1795, the Wahhabis were attacked on two fronts. The Ottomans and Egyptians attacked the western front, while the Al Khalifa in Bahrain and the Omanis launched an attack against the eastern front.[68][69] In 1811, when the Wahhabi Amir became aware of the Egyptian advance on the western frontier, he reduced his garrisons in Bahrain and Zubarah in order to redeploy his troops. Said bin Sultan, ruler of Muscat, took this opportunity and ambushed the Wahhabi garrisons on the east coast and set fire to the fort at Zubarah. The Al Khalifa were effectively restored to power afterwards.[69]

As punishment for piracy, an East India Company ship bombarded Doha in 1821, destroying the city and forcing hundreds of residents to flee. In 1825 the House of Thani was established with Muhammad ibn Thani as the first Emir.[70] By 1848, Ibn Thani extended his dominions to the entire peninsula of Qatar, uniting almost all of Qatar’s leading tribes.[71]

Although Qatar was seen as dependent on Bahrain, the Al Khalifa faced opposition from the local tribes. In 1867, the Al Khalifa, together with the ruler of Abu Dhabi, sent a massive naval force to Al Wakrah to crush the Qatari rebels. This led to the Qatar-Bahrain naval war of 1867–68, during which Bahraini and Abu Dhabi forces pillaged and looted Doha and Al Wakrah.[72] Hostilities in Bahrain violated the Eternal Truce of Peace and Friendship of 1861. The joint incursion, added to Qatar’s counterattack, prompted British political resident Colonel Lewis Pelly to force a settlement in 1868. His mission to Bahrain and Qatar and the resulting peace treaty were landmarks because they implicitly recognized the distinction between Qatar and Bahrain and explicitly recognized the position of Mohammed bin Thani. Aside from being reprimanded for breaching the treaty in Bahrain, Pelly negotiated with Qatari sheikhs represented by Mohammed ibn Thani.[73] The negotiations were the first stage in Qatar’s development as a sheikdom.[74] However, Qatar was not officially recognized as a British protectorate until 1916.[75]

The Ottoman period (1871–1915)

Old City of Doha, January 1904

Under military and political pressure from the governor of the Ottoman vilayet of Baghdad, Midhat Pasha, the ruling Al Thani tribe submitted to Ottoman rule in 1871.[76] The Ottoman government imposed reformist (Tanzimat) measures on taxation and land registration to fully integrate these areas into the empire.[76] Despite the disapproval of local tribes, Al Thani continued to support Ottoman rule. However, Qatari-Ottoman relations soon stagnated and suffered further setbacks in 1882 when the Ottomans refused to assist Al Thani in his expedition in the Abu Dhabi-held Khawr al Udayd. In addition, the Ottomans supported the Ottoman subject Mohammed bin Abdul Wahab who attempted to oust Al Thani as Kaymakam from Qatar in 1888.[77] This eventually led to Al Thani rebelling against the Ottomans, who he believed were trying to seize control of the peninsula. He resigned as Kaymakam and stopped paying taxes in August 1892.[78]

In February 1893, Mehmed Hafiz Pasha arrived in Qatar to demand unpaid taxes and to address Jassim bin Mohammed’s opposition to proposed Ottoman administrative reforms. Fearing death or imprisonment, Jassim retreated to Al Wajbah (16 km or 10 miles west of Doha), accompanied by several tribesmen. Mehmed’s demand that Jassim should disband his troops and swear loyalty to the Ottomans met with rejection. In March, Mehmed imprisoned Jassim’s brother and 13 prominent Qatari tribal leaders on the Ottoman corvette Merrikh as punishment for his disobedience. After refusing an offer to release the prisoners for a fee of 10,000 lira, Mehmed ordered a column of approximately 200 soldiers under the command of Yusuf Effendi to advance towards Jassim’s Al Wajbah Fort, signaling the start of the Battle of Al Wajbah . 52]

Effendi’s troops came under heavy gunfire from a sizeable force of Qatari infantry and cavalry shortly after arriving at Al Wajbah. They retreated to the Shebaka fortress, where they were again forced to retreat from a Qatari incursion. After retreating to Al Bidda Fortress, Jassim’s advancing column laid siege to the fort, resulting in the Ottomans conceding defeat and agreeing to surrender their prisoners in exchange for the safe passage of Mehmed Pasha’s cavalry to Hofuf by land . Although Qatar did not gain full independence from the Ottoman Empire, the outcome of the battle forced a treaty that would later form the basis for Qatar’s emergence as an autonomous country within the empire.[80]

British period (1916–1971)

By the Anglo-Turkish Convention of 1913, the Ottomans agreed to relinquish their claim to Qatar and withdraw their garrison from Doha. However, with the outbreak of World War I nothing was done to carry this out and the garrison remained in Doha Fortress, although their numbers dwindled as men deserted. In 1915, with the presence of British gunboats in the port, Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani (who was pro-British) persuaded the rest to abandon the fort, and when British troops approached the next morning they found it deserted.[81] [82]

Qatar became a British protectorate on November 3, 1916 when the UK signed a treaty with Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani to bring Qatar under its Trucial System of Administration. While Abdullah agreed not to enter into relations with any other power without the prior approval of the British government, the latter guaranteed Qatar’s protection from seaborne aggression and did its “good offices” in the event of a landborne attack – the latter obligation being deliberately left vague .[81][83] On May 5, 1935, while agreeing an oil concession with the British oil company, the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Abdullah signed another treaty with the British government granting Qatar protection from internal and external threats.[81] Oil reserves were first discovered in 1939. However, exploitation and development were delayed by World War II.[84]

A postage stamp in the British Wilding series, issued 1 April 1957 and overprinted for use in Qatar.

The focus of British interests in Qatar changed after World War II with the independence of India, the establishment of Pakistan in 1947 and oil exploration in Qatar. In 1949, the appointment of the first British political officer in Doha, John Wilton, marked a strengthening of Anglo-Qatar relations.[85] Oil exports began in 1949, and oil revenues became the country’s main source of income after the pearl trade declined. These revenues were used to fund the expansion and modernization of Qatar’s infrastructure. When Britain officially announced in 1968 that it would withdraw from the Persian Gulf in three years, Qatar entered talks with Bahrain and seven other Trucial States to form a federation. However, regional disputes prompted Qatar and Bahrain to pull out of the talks and become independent states separate from the Trucial States, which later became the United Arab Emirates.

Independence and aftermath (since 1971)

On November 3, 1916, the Sheikh of Qatar established treaty relations with the United Kingdom.[86] The treaty reserved foreign affairs and defense for the UK, but allowed internal autonomy. On September 3, 1971, those “special treaty arrangements” that were “incompatible with full international responsibility as a sovereign and independent state” were terminated.[87] This was done as part of an agreement between the ruler of Qatar and the UK government.[88][87]

Traditional dhows in front of the West Bay skyline, seen from the Doha Corniche

In 1991, Qatar played a significant role in the Gulf War, particularly during the Battle of Khafji, in which Qatari tanks rolled through the city’s streets and Saudi Arabian National Guard units attacked Iraqi Army troops providing fire support. Qatar allowed coalition forces from Canada to use the country as an airbase to launch planes on GAP service, and also allowed air forces from the United States and France to operate in its territories.[38]

In 1995, Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani took control of the country from his father, Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, with the support of the armed forces and cabinet, as well as neighboring countries[89] and France[90]. Under Emir Hamad, Qatar experienced a moderate degree of liberalization, including launching the Al Jazeera television channel (1996), advocating women’s suffrage or the right to vote in local elections (1999), drafting its first written constitution (2005), and inaugurating a Roman Catholic Church (2008). In 2010, Qatar received the rights to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, becoming the first country in the Middle East to be chosen to host the tournament. The Emir announced Qatar’s plans to hold its first national parliamentary elections in 2013. They were supposed to take place in the second half of 2013 but were postponed to October 2021. The Legislative Council hosted the 140th Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union for the first time in April 2019.[91]

In 2003, Qatar served as the headquarters of US Central Command and as one of the key launch sites for the invasion of Iraq.[92] In March 2005, a suicide bombing killed a British Dorset teacher named Jonathan Adams[93] at the Doha Players Theatre, shocking the country, which had previously seen no terrorist attacks. The bombing was carried out by Omar Ahmed Abdullah Ali, an Egyptian living in Qatar who had suspected links to al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula.[94][95] In 2011, Qatar joined NATO operations in Libya and reportedly armed Libyan opposition groups.[96] It is also currently a major donor of arms to rebel groups in the Syrian civil war.[97] Qatar is seeking an Afghan peace deal, and in January 2012 the Afghan Taliban said they would set up a political office in Qatar to facilitate talks. This was done to facilitate peace negotiations and with the support of other countries, including the United States and Afghanistan. Ahmed Rashid, writing in the Financial Times, explained that through the office, Qatar has “facilitated meetings between the Taliban and many countries and organizations, including the US State Department, the UN, Japan, several European governments and non-governmental organizations, all of which have tried to advance the idea of ​​peace talks.” The article also claimed that proposals made in September 2017 by the presidents of both the United States and Afghanistan reportedly prompted protests from senior US State Department officials.[98]

In June 2013, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani became Emir of Qatar after his father handed over power in a televised address.[99] Sheikh Tamim has prioritized improving the domestic well-being of citizens, which includes establishing advanced healthcare and education systems and expanding the country’s infrastructure in preparation for hosting the 2022 World Cup.[100]

Qatar participated in the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen against the Houthis and troops loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who was deposed in the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings.[101]

Qatar’s rising influence and its role during the Arab Spring, particularly during the Bahrain uprising in 2011, exacerbated longstanding tensions with Saudi Arabia, the neighboring United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain severed diplomatic ties with Qatar, citing the country’s alleged support for groups they believed to be extremist.[102] This has led to Qatar’s increased economic and military ties with Turkey and Iran.

Qatar is expected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup from November 21 to December 18, becoming the first Arab country to do so.[103]

politics

Qatar is officially a semi-constitutional monarchy[104][105] but the sweeping powers the monarchy retains still border on an absolute monarchy[106][107] ruled by the Al Thani family.[108][ 109] The Al Thani dynasty has ruled Qatar since the founding of the family house in 1825.[2] In 2003, Qatar passed a constitution that provided for the direct election of 30 of the 45 members of a legislative body.[2][110][111] The constitution was adopted in a referendum with an overwhelming majority of almost 98% in favor.[112][113]

The eighth Emir of Qatar is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, whose father Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani bestowed on him on June 25, 2013.[114] The Emir has the exclusive power to appoint the Prime Minister and Cabinet Ministers, who together form the Council of Ministers, which is the country’s highest executive authority.[115] The Council of Ministers also initiates laws.[115]

The Consultative Assembly consists of 30 members elected by the people and 15 members appointed by the Emir. It can block legislation with a simple majority and dismiss ministers, including the prime minister, with a two-thirds majority. The Assembly held its first elections in October 2021 after several postponements.[116][117][118]

Qatari law does not permit the establishment of political bodies or trade unions.[119]

Law

According to the Qatar Constitution, Sharia law is the main source of Qatari legislation,[120][121] although in practice Qatar’s legal system is a hybrid of civil law and Sharia law.[122][123] Sharia law is applied to family law, inheritance and various criminal acts (including adultery, robbery and murder). In some cases, Sharia-based family courts treat a woman’s testimony as worth half that of a man.[124] Codified family law was introduced in 2006. Islamic polygyny is permitted.[90]

Judicial corporal punishment is a punishment in Qatar. Whipping is used as punishment for alcohol consumption or illegal sexual relations.[125] Article 88 of the Qatar Penal Code states that the penalty for adultery is 100 lashes,[126] and in 2006 a Filipino woman was sentenced to this penalty.[126] In 2010, at least 18 people (mostly foreigners) were sentenced to between 40 and 100 lashes for offenses related to “illegal sexual relations” or alcohol consumption.[127] In 2011, at least 21 people (mostly foreigners) were sentenced to between 30 and 100 lashes on the same grounds,[128] and in 2012 six expatriates were sentenced to between 40 and 100 lashes.[125] Only Muslims who are considered medically fit are obliged to carry out such sentences. In April 2013, a Muslim expatriate was sentenced to 40 lashes for drinking alcohol,[129][130][131] and in June 2014, a Muslim expatriate was sentenced to 40 lashes for drinking and driving under the influence.[132]

Stoning is a legal punishment in Qatar,[133] and apostasy and homosexuality are crimes punishable by the death penalty; however, the sentence was never carried out for either crime.[134][135] Blasphemy carries a sentence of up to seven years in prison, while proselytizing carries a sentence of ten years.[134][136]

Alcohol consumption is partially legal in Qatar; Some five-star luxury hotels are allowed to sell alcohol to their non-Muslim customers.[137][138] Muslims are not allowed to consume alcohol, and those caught doing so face flogging or deportation. Non-Muslim expatriates can obtain a permit to purchase alcohol for personal consumption. Qatar Distribution Company (a subsidiary of Qatar Airways) is allowed to import alcohol and pork; it operates the country’s only liquor store that also sells pork to liquor license holders. Qatari officials have also signaled their willingness to allow alcohol in “fan zones” at the 2022 FIFA World Cup.[141]

Until 2011, restaurants on Pearl-Qatar (an artificial island near Doha) were allowed to serve alcoholic beverages.[137][138] However, in December 2011, the Pearl restaurants were told to stop selling alcohol.[137][142] No explanation was given for the ban,[137][138] although speculation included the promotion of a more pious image ahead of a major election and rumors of a financial dispute between the government and resort developers.[142] The alcohol ban was later lifted.[143]

A modesty campaign was launched in 2014 to remind tourists of the country’s restrictive dress code.[144] Female tourists have been advised not to wear leggings, miniskirts, sleeveless dresses, or short or tight clothing in public. Men were warned against wearing only shorts and vests.[145]

foreign relations

Qatar’s international profile and active role in international affairs have led some analysts to identify it as a middle power. Qatar was an early member of OPEC and a founding member of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). She is a member of the Arab League.[2] Diplomatic missions in Qatar are based in the capital, Doha.

Qatar’s regional relations and foreign policy are characterized by a strategy of reconciliation and the formation of alliances between regional and major powers. It maintains an independent foreign policy and is committed to regional balance in order to secure its strategic priorities and to be recognized at regional and international levels.[146][147][148] As a small Gulf state, Qatar established an “open door” foreign policy, in which Qatar maintains ties with all parties and regional actors in the region, including organizations such as the Taliban and Hamas.[149] The history of Qatar’s alliances provides insight into the basis of its foreign relations. Between 1760 and 1971, Qatar sought formal protection from the high transitional powers of the Ottomans, British, Bahraini al-Khalifas and Saudi Arabia.[150][page needed]

Qatar has particularly strong ties with China,[151] Iran,[152] Turkey[153] and the United States[154] as well as a number of Islamist movements in the Middle East such as the Muslim Brotherhood[155]. 146][156] In June 2017, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Bahrain, Egypt and Yemen severed diplomatic ties with Qatar, accusing Qatar of supporting terrorism.[157] The crisis escalated a dispute over Qatar’s support for the Muslim Brotherhood, viewed by some Arab nations as a terrorist organization.[158] The diplomatic crisis ended in January 2021 with the signing of the AlUla declaration.[159]

military

Two Qatari Mirage 2000 fly in formation during the air defense exercise.

Qatar Armed Forces are the Armed Forces of Qatar. The country maintains a modest armed force of about 11,800 men, including an army (8,500), navy (1,800), and air force (1,500). Qatar’s defense spending accounted for about 4.2% of gross domestic product in 1993 and 1.5% of gross domestic product in 2010, the latest year available in the statistical database SIPRI.[160] Qatar recently signed defense pacts with the United States and the United Kingdom, and with France in early 1994. Qatar plays an active role in the Gulf Cooperation Council’s collective defense efforts; The other five members are Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and Oman. The presence of the large Al Udeid Air Base, operated by the United States and several other UN nations, provides a guaranteed source of defense and national security. Im Jahr 2008 gab Katar 2,3 Milliarden US-Dollar für Militärausgaben aus, 2,3 % des Bruttoinlandsprodukts.[161] Die katarischen Spezialeinheiten wurden von Frankreich und anderen westlichen Ländern ausgebildet und es wird angenommen, dass sie beträchtliche Fähigkeiten besitzen.[162] Sie halfen auch den libyschen Rebellen während der Schlacht von Tripolis 2011.[162]

Das Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) stellte fest, dass Katar in den Jahren 2010-14 der 46. größte Waffenimporteur der Welt war. SIPRI schreibt, dass Katars Pläne zur Umgestaltung und erheblichen Vergrößerung seiner Streitkräfte beschleunigt wurden. Bestellungen im Jahr 2013 über 62 Panzer und 24 Selbstfahrlafetten aus Deutschland folgten 2014 eine Reihe weiterer Aufträge, darunter 24 Kampfhubschrauber und 3 Frühwarn- und Leitflugzeuge aus den USA sowie 2 Tankflugzeuge aus Spanien. [163] Im Jahr 2015 war Katar laut SIPRI der 16. größte Waffenimporteur der Welt und im Jahr 2016 der 11. größte.[164]

Katars Militär beteiligte sich an der von Saudi-Arabien geführten Intervention im Jemen gegen die schiitischen Houthis. Im Jahr 2015 berichtete Al Jazeera America: „Zahlreiche Berichte deuten darauf hin, dass die von Saudi-Arabien geführte Koalition gegen Oppositionsgruppen im Jemen unter Verletzung des Völkerrechts wahllos Zivilisten angegriffen und Streubomben in von Zivilisten besiedelten Gebieten eingesetzt hat.“[165] Viele Zivilisten haben dies getan getötet und große Teile der Infrastruktur in dieser Region sind inzwischen zerstört.[166] Auch Krankenhäuser wurden von den Saudis und denjenigen, die mit ihnen operieren, bombardiert.[167][168] Katar wurde aufgrund der diplomatischen Krise in Katar 2017 von der Koalition im Jemen suspendiert.

human rights

Arbeitsmigranten in Doha.

Seit 2014 erlauben bestimmte Bestimmungen des katarischen Strafgesetzbuchs die Verhängung von Strafen wie Auspeitschen und Steinigen als strafrechtliche Sanktionen. Der UN-Ausschuss gegen Folter stellte fest, dass diese Praktiken einen Verstoß gegen die Verpflichtungen darstellten, die durch die UN-Konvention gegen Folter auferlegt wurden.[169][170] Katar behält die Todesstrafe bei, hauptsächlich für Bedrohungen der nationalen Sicherheit wie Terrorismus. Die Anwendung der Todesstrafe ist selten, und seit 2003 haben in Katar keine staatlichen Hinrichtungen mehr stattgefunden.[171] In Katar sind homosexuelle Handlungen illegal und können mit dem Tod bestraft werden.[172]

Ein Bericht des US-Außenministeriums aus dem Jahr 2011 kam zu dem Schluss, dass einige ausländische Arbeitnehmer aus Ländern in ganz Asien und Teilen Afrikas, die freiwillig als gering qualifizierte Arbeiter oder Hausangestellte nach Katar eingewandert waren, anschließend Bedingungen ausgesetzt waren, die auf unfreiwillige Knechtschaft hindeuten. Zu den häufigeren Arbeitsrechtsverletzungen gehören Schläge, die Einbehaltung von Zahlungen, die Belastung von Arbeitnehmern mit Leistungen, für die der Arbeitgeber verantwortlich ist, Einschränkungen der Bewegungsfreiheit (wie die Beschlagnahme von Pässen, Reisedokumenten oder Ausreisegenehmigungen), willkürliche Inhaftierung, Androhung rechtlicher Schritte und sexuelle Übergriffe.[173] Viele Arbeitsmigranten, die zum Arbeiten nach Katar kommen, haben Anwerbern in ihren Heimatländern exorbitante Gebühren gezahlt.[173]

Gemäß den Bestimmungen des Bürgschaftsgesetzes von Katar hatten Bürgen die einseitige Befugnis, die Aufenthaltserlaubnis von Arbeitern zu widerrufen, ihnen die Möglichkeit zu verweigern, den Arbeitgeber zu wechseln, einen Arbeiter den Polizeibehörden als „flüchtig“ zu melden und ihm die Erlaubnis zu verweigern, das Land zu verlassen.[173] Infolgedessen können Sponsoren die Bewegungsfreiheit von Arbeitnehmern einschränken und Arbeitnehmer haben möglicherweise Angst, Missbräuche zu melden oder ihre Rechte geltend zu machen.[173] According to the ITUC, the visa sponsorship system allows the exaction of forced labour by making it difficult for a migrant worker to leave an abusive employer or travel overseas without permission.[174] Qatar also did not maintain wage standards for its immigrant labourers. In May 2012, Qatari officials declared their intention to allow the establishment of an independent trade union.[175] In 2014, Qatar commissioned international law firm DLA Piper to produce a report investigating the immigrant labour system. In May 2014 DLA Piper released over 60 recommendations for reforming the kafala system including the abolition of exit visas and the introduction of a minimum wage which Qatar has pledged to implement.[176] Qatar also announced it would scrap its sponsor system for foreign labour, which requires that all foreign workers be sponsored by local employers.[175] Additional changes to labour laws include a provision guaranteeing that all workers’ salaries are paid directly into their bank accounts and new restrictions on working outdoors in the hottest hours during the summer.[177] New draft legislation announced in early 2015 mandated that companies that fail to pay workers’ wages on time could temporarily lose their ability to hire more employees.[178] The reforms to the country’s sponsorship system were signed into law by Qatar’s Emir in October 2015, with the new law taking effect within one year.[179] Human Rights Watch claimed that the changes might fail to address some labour rights issues.[180][181] According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), a minimum wage entered into force for any worker of all nationalities and in all sectors in Qatar on 20 March 2021.[182]

The country enfranchised women at the same time as men in connection with the 1999 elections for a Central Municipal Council.[110][183] These elections—the first-ever in Qatar—were intentionally held on 8 March 1999, International Women’s Day.[110]

Administrative divisions

Since 2014, Qatar has been divided into eight municipalities (Arabic: baladiyah).[184]

Municipalities of Qatar as of 2014

For statistical purposes, the municipalities are further subdivided into 98 zones (as of 2015 ),[185] which are in turn subdivided into blocks.[186]

Former municipalities

Geography

Desert coast Desert landscape in Qatar

The Qatari peninsula protrudes 160 kilometres (100 mi) into the Persian Gulf, north of Saudi Arabia. It lies between latitudes 24° and 27° N, and longitudes 50° and 52° E. Most of the country consists of a low, barren plain, covered with sand. To the southeast lies the Khor al Adaid (“Inland Sea”), an area of rolling sand dunes surrounding an inlet of the Persian Gulf. There are mild winters and very hot, humid summers.

The highest point in Qatar is Qurayn Abu al Bawl at 103 metres (338 ft)[2] in the Jebel Dukhan to the west, a range of low limestone outcroppings running north–south from Zikrit through Umm Bab to the southern border. The Jebel Dukhan area also contains Qatar’s main onshore oil deposits, while the natural gas fields lie offshore, to the northwest of the peninsula.

biodiversity

Qatar signed the Rio Convention on Biological Diversity on 11 June 1992, and became a party to the convention on 21 August 1996.[189] It has subsequently produced a National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, which was received by the convention on 18 May 2005.[190] A total of 142 fungal species have been recorded from Qatar.[191] A book recently produced by the Ministry of Environment documents the lizards known or believed to occur in Qatar, based on surveys conducted by an international team of scientists and other collaborators.[192]

climate

Climate data for Qatar Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high °C (°F) 22

(72) 23

(73) 27

(81) 33

(91) 39

(102) 42

(108) 42

(108) 42

(108) 39

(102) 35

(95) 30

(86) 25

(77) 33

(92) Average low °C (°F) 14

(57) 15

(59) 17

(63) 21

(70) 27

(81) 29

(84) 31

(88) 31

(88) 29

(84) 25

(77) 21

(70) 16

(61) 23

(74) Average precipitation mm (inches) 12.7

(0.50) 17.8

(0.70) 15.2

(0.60) 7.6

(0.30) 2.5

(0.10) 0

(0) 0

(0) 0

(0) 0

(0) 0

(0) 2.5

(0.10) 12.7

(0.50) 71

(2.8) Source: http://us.worldweatheronline.com/doha-weather-averages/ad-dawhah/qa.aspx

Sea Climate Data For Doha Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average sea temperature °C (°F) 21.0

(69.8) 19.4

(66.9) 20.9

(69.6) 23.3

(73.9) 27.8

(82) 30.5

(86.9) 32.4

(90.3) 33.6

(92.5) 32.8

(91) 30.8

(87.4) 27.5

(81.5) 23.5

(74.3) 26.9

(80.5) Source:[193]

Business

Commercial district in Doha.

Before the discovery of oil, the economy of the Qatari region focused on fishing and pearl hunting. A report prepared by local governors of Ottoman Empire in 1892 states that total income from pearl hunting in 1892 is 2,450,000 kran.[72] After the introduction of the Japanese cultured pearl onto the world market in the 1920s and 1930s, Qatar’s pearling industry crashed. Oil was discovered in Qatar in 1940, in Dukhan Field.[194] The discovery transformed the state’s economy. Now, the country has a high standard of living for its legal citizens. With no income tax, Qatar (along with Bahrain) is one of the countries with the lowest tax rates in the world. The unemployment rate in June 2013 was 0.1%.[195] Corporate law mandates that Qatari nationals must hold 51% of any venture in the emirate.[90] Trade and industry in the emirate is overseen by the Ministry of Business and Trade.[196]

As of 2016 , Qatar has the fourth highest GDP per capita in the world, according to the International Monetary Fund.[197] It relies heavily on foreign labor to grow its economy, to the extent that migrant workers compose 86% of the population and 94% of the workforce.[198][199] Qatar has been criticized by the International Trade Union Confederation.[200] The economic growth of Qatar has been almost exclusively based on its petroleum and natural gas industries, which began in 1940.[201] Qatar is the leading exporter of liquefied natural gas.[162] In 2012, it was estimated that Qatar would invest over $120 billion in the energy sector in the next 10 years.[202] The country was a member state of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), having joined in 1961, and having left in January 2019.[203]

In 2012, Qatar retained its title of richest country in the world (according to per capita income) for the third time in a row, having first overtaken Luxembourg in 2010. According to the study published by the Washington-based Institute of International Finance, Qatar’s per capita GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP) was $106,000 (QR387,000) in 2012, helping the country retain its ranking as the world’s wealthiest nation. Luxembourg came a distant second with nearly $80,000 and Singapore third with per capita income of about $61,000. The research put Qatar’s GDP at $182bn in 2012 and said it had climbed to an all-time high due to soaring gas exports and high oil prices. Its population stood at 1.8 million in 2012. The same study published that Qatar Investment Authority (QIA), with assets of $115bn, was ranked 12th among the richest sovereign wealth funds in the world.[204]

Established in 2005, Qatar Investment Authority is the country’s sovereign wealth fund, specializing in foreign investment.[205] Due to billions of dollars in surpluses from the oil and gas industry, the Qatari government has directed investments into United States, Europe, and Asia Pacific. As of 2013 , the holdings were valued at $100 billion in assets. Qatar Holding is the international investment arm of QIA. Since 2009, Qatar Holding has received $30–40bn a year from the state. As of 2014 , it has investments around the world in Valentino, Siemens, Printemps, Harrods, The Shard, Barclays Bank, Heathrow Airport, Paris Saint-Germain F.C., Volkswagen Group, Royal Dutch Shell, Bank of America, Tiffany, Agricultural Bank of China, Sainsbury’s, BlackBerry,[206] and Santander Brasil.[207][208]

The country has no taxes on non-companies,[209] but authorities have announced plans to levy taxes on junk food and luxury items. The taxes would be implemented on goods that harm the human body – for example, fast food, tobacco products, and soft drinks. The rollout of these initial taxes is believed to be due to the fall in oil prices and a deficit that the country faced in 2016. Additionally, the country saw job cuts in 2016 from its petroleum companies and other sectors in the government.[210][211]

Tourism

Qatar is one of the fastest growing countries in the field of tourism. According to the World Tourism rankings, more than 2.3 million international tourists visited Qatar in 2017. Qatar has become one of the most open countries in the Middle East due to its recent visa facilitation improvements, including allowing nationals of 88 countries to enter visa-free and free-of charge.[212]

energy

Oryx GTL plant in Qatar

As of 2012 , Qatar has proven oil reserves of 15 billion barrels and gas fields that account for more than 13% of the global resource. As a result, it is the richest state per-capita in the world. None of its 2 million residents live below the poverty line and less than 1% are unemployed.[213]

Qatar’s economy was in a downturn from 1982 to 1989. OPEC quotas on crude oil production, the lower price for oil, and the generally unpromising outlook on international markets reduced oil earnings. In turn, the Qatari government’s spending plans had to be cut to match lower income. The resulting recessionary local business climate caused many firms to lay off expatriate staff. With the economy recovering in the 1990s, expatriate populations, particularly from Egypt and South Asia, have grown again.

Oil production will not remain at the peak level of 500,000 barrels (80,000 m3) per day for long as the national oil fields are projected to be largely depleted by 2023. Large natural gas reserves have, however, been located off Qatar’s northeast coast. Qatar’s proved reserves of gas are the third-largest in the world, exceeding 250 trillion cubic feet (7,000 km3). The economy was boosted in 1991 by completion of the $1.5-billion Phase I of North Field gas development. In 1996, the Qatargas project began exporting liquefied natural gas (LNG) to Japan. Further phases of North Field gas development costing billions of dollars are in various stages of planning and development.

A proportional representation of Qatar exports, 2019

Qatar’s heavy industrial projects, all based in Umm Said, include a refinery with a 50,000 barrels (8,000 m3) per day capacity, a fertiliser plant for urea and ammonia, a steel plant, and a petrochemical plant. All these industries use gas for fuel. Most are joint ventures between European and Japanese firms and the state-owned QatarEnergy. The US is the major equipment supplier for Qatar’s oil and gas industry, and US companies are playing a major role in North Field gas development.[213]

According to the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research, carbon dioxide emissions per person average over 30 tonnes, one of the highest in the world.[214]

In 2008 Qatar launched its National Vision 2030 which highlights environmental development as one of the four main goals for Qatar over the next two decades. The National Vision pledges to develop sustainable alternatives to oil-based energy to preserve the local and global environment.[215]

Qatar’s National Vision 2030 has made investment in renewable resources a major goal for the country over the next two decades.[215] Qatar pursues a vigorous programme of “Qatarisation”, under which all joint venture industries and government departments strive to move Qatari nationals into positions of greater authority. Growing numbers of foreign-educated Qataris, including many educated in the US, are returning home to assume key positions formerly occupied by expatriates. To control the influx of expatriate workers, Qatar has tightened the administration of its foreign manpower programmes over the past several years. Security is the principal basis for Qatar’s strict entry and immigration rules and regulations.[213]

transport

With a fast-expanding population and substantial economic growth over the past decade, a reliable and extensive transportation network is becoming increasingly necessary within Qatar. So far the government, the primary transport developer, has done well in terms of keeping up with the demand for new transportation options. In 2008 the Public Works Authority (Ashghal), one of the bodies that oversees infrastructure development, underwent a major reorganisation in order to streamline and modernise the authority in preparation for major project expansions across all segments in the near future. Ashghal works in tandem with the Urban Planning and Development Authority (UPDA), the body that designed the transportation master plan, instituted in March 2006 and running to 2025.

As driving is the primary mode of transport in Qatar, the road network is a major focus of the plan. Project highlights in this segment include the multibillion-dollar Doha Expressway and the Qatar Bahrain Causeway, which would connect Qatar to Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.

Mass-transit options, such as a Doha metro, light-rail system and more extensive bus networks, are also under development to ease road congestion. In addition, the railway system is being significantly expanded and could eventually form an integral part of a GCC-wide network linking all the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. The airport, too, is expanding capacity to keep up with rising visitor numbers.

Hamad International Airport is the international airport of Doha. In 2014, it replaced the former Doha International Airport as Qatar’s principal airport. In 2016, the airport was named the 50th busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic, serving 37,283,987 passengers, a 20.2% increase from 2015.

Qatar is increasingly activating its logistics and ports in order to participate in trade between Europe and China or Africa. For this purpose, ports such as Hamad Port are rapidly expanded and investments are made in their technology. The country is historically and currently part of the Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast to the south via the southern tip of India to Mombasa, from there through the Red Sea via the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean, there to the Upper Adriatic region to the northern Italian hub of Trieste with its rail connections to Central Europe, Eastern Europe and the North Sea.[216][217][218] Hamad Port is Qatar’s main seaport, located south of Doha in the Umm Al Houl area. Construction of the port began in 2010; it became operational in December 2016. It was officially opened in September 2017, and is expected to become fully operational by 2020.[219] Capable of handling up to 7.8 million tonnes of products annually, the bulk of trade which passes through the port consists of food and building materials.[220] On the northern coast, Ras Laffan Port serves as the most extensive LNG exporting facility in the world.[221]

Qatar Airways is one of the largest airlines in the world that serves in six continents connecting more than 160 destinations every day. Besides, it has won Airline of the Year in 2011, 2012, 2015, 2017 and 2019 due to its outstanding performance and employs more than 46,000 professionals.[222][223]

Demographics

Skyline of Doha , capital and largest city of Qatar

Historical population Year Pop. ±% 1950 25,000 — 1960 47,000 +88.0% 1970 110,000 +134.0% 1980 224,000 +103.6% 1990 476,000 +112.5% 2000 592,000 +24.4% 2010 1,856,000 +213.5% 2019 2,832,000 +52.6% source:[224][225]

The number of people in Qatar fluctuates considerably depending on the season, since the country relies heavily on migrant labour. In early 2017, Qatar’s total population was 2.6 million, with foreigners making up a vast majority of Qatar’s population. Only 313,000 of the population (12%) were Qatari citizens, while the remaining 2.3 million (88%) were expatriates.[15]

The combined number of South Asians (from the countries of the Indian subcontinent including Sri Lanka) by themselves represent over 1.5 million people (60%) of Qatar’s population. Among these, Indians are the largest community, numbering 650,000 in 2017,[15] followed by 350,000 Nepalis, 280,000 Bangladeshis, 145,000 Sri Lankans, and 125,000 Pakistanis. The contingent of expatriates which are not of South Asian origin represent around 28% of Qatar’s population, of which the largest group is 260,000 Filipinos and 200,000 Egyptians, plus many other nationalities (including nationals of other Arab countries, Europeans, etc.).[15]

Qatar’s first demographic records date back to 1892, and were conducted by Ottoman governors in the region. Based on this census, which includes only the residents in cities, the total population in 1892 was 9,830.[72] The 2010 census recorded the total population at 1,699,435.[5] In January 2013, the Qatar Statistics Authority estimated the country’s population at 1,903,447, of which 1,405,164 were males and 498,283 females.[226] At the time of the first census, held in 1970, the population was 111,133.[227] The population has tripled in the decade to 2011, up from just over 600,000 people in 2001, leaving Qatari nationals as less than 15% of the total population.[228] The influx of male labourers has skewed the gender balance, and women are now just one-quarter of the population.

Projections released by the Qatar Statistical Authority indicate that the total population of Qatar could reach 2.8 million by 2020. Qatar’s National Development Strategy (2011–16) had estimated that the country’s population would reach 1.78m in 2013, 1.81m in 2014, 1.84m in 2015 and 1.86m in 2016 – the yearly growth rate being merely 2.1%. But the country’s population has soared to 1.83 million by the end of 2012, showing 7.5% growth over the previous year.[229] Qatar’s total population hit a record high of 2.46 million in November 2015, an increase of 8.5% from the previous year, far exceeding official projections.[230]

religion

Mosque in Qatar

Islam is Qatar’s predominant religion and is the state religion although not the only religion practiced in the country.[231] Most Qatari citizens belong to the Salafi Muslim movement of Wahhabism,[232][233][234] and between 5–15% of Muslims in Qatar follow Shia Islam with other Islamic sects being very small in number.[235] In 2010, Qatar’s population was 67.7% Muslim, 13.8% Christian, 13.8% Hindu, and 3.1% Buddhist; other religions and religiously unaffiliated people accounted for the remaining 1.6%.[236] Sharia law is the main source of Qatari legislation according to Qatar’s Constitution.[120][121]

The vision of the Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs (Qatar) is “to build a contemporary Islamic society along with fostering the Sharee’ah and cultural heritage”.[237]

The non-Muslim population is composed almost entirely of foreigners. Since 2008, Christians have been allowed to build churches on ground donated by the government,[238] though foreign missionary activity is officially discouraged.[239] Active churches include the Mar Thoma Church, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, the Roman Catholic Church of Our Lady of the Rosary and the Anglican Church of the Epiphany.[240][241][242] There are also two Mormon wards.[240][241][242]

Languages

Arabic is the official language of Qatar, with Qatari Arabic the local dialect. Qatari Sign Language is the language of the deaf community. English is commonly used as a second language,[243] and a rising lingua franca, especially in commerce, to the extent that steps are being taken to try to preserve Arabic from English’s encroachment.[244] English is particularly useful for communication with Qatar’s large expatriate community. In the medical community, and in situations such as the training of nurses to work in Qatar, English acts as a lingua franca.[245] Reflecting the multicultural make-up of the country, many other languages are also spoken, including Persian, Baluchi, Brahui, Hindi, Malayalam, Urdu, Pashto, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, Nepali, Sinhalese, Bengali, Tagalog, Tulu and Indonesian.[246]

In 2012, Qatar joined the international French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie (OIF) as a new associate member, but in December 2013, the French daily Le Monde revealed that Qatar, which has very few native French speakers, had not yet paid any contribution to the OIF,[247] while the outgoing Administrator of the OIF complained in 2015 that Qatar had not kept any of the promises it made when it joined the organisation and had never paid its annual membership fees.[248]

healthcare

Healthcare standards in Qatar are generally high. Qatari citizens are covered by a national health insurance scheme, while expatriates must either receive health insurance from their employers, or in the case of the self-employed, purchase insurance.[249] Qatar’s healthcare spending is among the highest in the Middle East, with $4.7 billion being invested in healthcare in 2014.[250] This was a $2.1 billion increase from 2010.[251] The premier healthcare provider in the country is the Hamad Medical Corporation, established by the government as a non-profit healthcare provider, which runs a network of hospitals, an ambulance services, and a home healthcare service, all of which are accredited by the Joint Commission.

In 2010, spending on healthcare accounted for 2.2% of the country’s GDP; the highest in the Middle East.[252] In 2006, there were 23.12 physicians and 61.81 nurses per 10,000 inhabitants.[253] The life expectancy at birth was 82.08 years in 2014, or 83.27 years for males and 77.95 years for females, rendering it the highest life expectancy in the Middle East.[254] Qatar has a low infant mortality rate of 7 in 100,000.[255]

In 2006, there were a total of 25 beds per 10,000 people, and 27.6 doctors and 73.8 nurses per 10,000 people.[256] In 2011, the number of beds decreased to 12 per 10,000 people, whereas the number of doctors increased to 28 per 10,000 people. While the country has one of the lowest proportions of hospital beds in the region, the availability of physicians is the highest in the GCC.[257]

Culture

Qatar’s culture is similar to other countries in Eastern Arabia, being significantly influenced by Islam. Qatar National Day, hosted annually on 18 December, has had an important role in developing a sense of national identity.[258] It is observed in remembrance of Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani’s succession to the throne and his subsequent unification of the country’s various tribes.[259][260] Since 1 July 2008, Hamad Bin Abdulaziz Al-Kawari has been the Minister for Culture, Arts and Heritage of Qatar.

Arts and museums

Several senior members of Qatar’s ruling Al Thani family are noted collectors of Islamic and contemporary art.

The Museum of Islamic Art, opened in 2008, is regarded as one of the best museums in the region.[261] This, and several other Qatari museums, like the Arab Museum of Modern Art, falls under the Qatar Museums Authority (QMA) which is led by Sheikha Al-Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, the sister of the ruling Emir of the State of Qatar, and the prominent collector and art patron Sheikh Hassan bin Mohammed Al Thani.[262] The QMA also sponsors artistic events abroad, such as major exhibitions by Takahashi Murakami in Versailles (2010) and Damien Hirst in London (2012).

Qatar is the world’s biggest buyer in the art market by value.[263] The Qatari cultural sector is being developed to enable the country to reach world recognition to contribute to the development of a country that comes mainly from its resources from the gas industry.[264]

The National Museum of Qatar was opened to the public on 28 March 2019.[265]

literature

Qatari literature traces its origins back to the 19th century. Originally, written poetry was the most common form of expression. Abdul Jalil Al-Tabatabai and Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Uthaymeen, two poets dating back to the early 19th century, formed the corpus of Qatar’s earliest written poetry. Poetry later fell out of favor after Qatar began reaping the profits from oil exports in the mid-20th century and many Qataris abandoned their Bedouin traditions in favor of more urban lifestyles.[266]

Due to the increasing number of Qataris who began receiving formal education during the 1950s and other significant societal changes, 1970 witnessed the introduction of the first short story anthology, and in 1993 the first locally authored novels were published. Poetry, particularly the predominant nabati form, retained some importance but would soon be overshadowed by other literary types.[266] Unlike most other forms of art in Qatari society, females have been involved in the modern literature movement on a similar magnitude to males.[267]

Media

Qatar’s media was classified as “not free” in the 2014 Freedom of the Press report by Freedom House.[268] TV broadcasting in Qatar was started in 1970.[269] Al Jazeera is a main television network headquartered in Doha, Qatar. Al Jazeera initially launched in 1996 as an Arabic news and current affairs satellite TV channel of the same name, but has since expanded into a global network of several speciality TV channels known collectively as the Al Jazeera Media Network.

It has been reported that journalists practice self-censorship, particularly in regards to the government and ruling family of Qatar.[270] Criticism of the government, Emir and ruling family in the media is illegal. According to article 46 of the press law “The Emir of the state of Qatar shall not be criticised and no statement can be attributed to him unless under a written permission from the manager of his office.”[271] Journalists are also subject to prosecution for insulting Islam.[268]

In 2014, a Cybercrime Prevention Law was passed. The law is said to restrict press freedom and carries prison sentences and fines for broad reasons such as jeopardising local peace or publishing false news.[272] The Gulf Center for Human Rights has stated that the law is a threat to freedom of speech and has called for certain articles of the law to be revoked.[273]

Press media has undergone expansion in recent years. There are currently seven newspapers in circulation in Qatar, with four being published in Arabic and three being published in English.[274] There are also newspapers from India, Nepal and Sri Lanka with editions printed from Qatar.

In regards to telecommunication infrastructure, Qatar is the highest-ranked Middle Eastern country in the World Economic Forum’s Network Readiness Index (NRI) – an indicator for determining the development level of a country’s information and communication technologies. Qatar ranked number 23 overall in the 2014 NRI ranking, unchanged from 2013.[275]

Music

The music of Qatar is based on Bedouin poetry, song and dance. Traditional dances in Doha are performed on Friday afternoons; one such dance is the Ardah, a stylised martial dance performed by two rows of dancers who are accompanied by an array of percussion instruments, including al-ras (a large drum whose leather is heated by an open fire), tambourines and cymbals with small drums.[276] Other percussion instruments used in folk music include galahs (a tall clay jar) and tin drinking cups known as tus or tasat, usually used in conjunction with a tabl, a longitudinal drum beaten with a stick.[277] String instruments, such as the oud and rebaba, are also commonly used.[276]

Sports

Association football is the most popular sport in Qatar, both in terms of players and spectators.[278] Shortly after the Qatar Football Association became affiliated with FIFA in 1970, one of the country’s earliest international accolades came in 1981 when the Qatar national under-20 team’s emerged as runners-up to West Germany in that year’s edition of the FIFA World Youth Championship after being defeated 4–0 in the final. At the senior level, Qatar has played host to two editions of the AFC Asian Cup; the first coming being the 9th edition in 1988 and the second being the 15th edition held in 2011.[279] For the first time in the country’s history, the Qatar national football team won the AFC Asian Cup in the 2019 edition hosted in the UAE, beating Japan 3–1 in the final. They won all seven of their matches, conceding only a single goal throughout the tournament.[280]

On 2 December 2010, Qatar won their bid to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, despite never previously qualifying for the FIFA World Cup Finals.[281] Local organisers built 7 new stadiums and expanded 1 existing stadium for this event.[282][283] Qatar’s winning bid for the 2022 World Cup was greeted enthusiastically in the Persian Gulf region as it was the first time a country in the Middle East had been selected to host the tournament. However, the bid has been embroiled in much controversy, including allegations of bribery and interference in the investigation of the alleged bribery. European football associations have also objected to the 2022 World Cup being held in Qatar for a variety of reasons, from the impact of warm temperatures on players’ fitness, to the disruption it might cause in European domestic league calendars should the event be rescheduled to take place during winter.[284][285] In May 2014, Qatari football official Mohammed bin Hammam was accused of making payments totalling £3m to officials in return for their support for the Qatar bid.[286] However, a FIFA inquiry into the bidding process in November 2014 cleared Qatar of any wrongdoing.[287]

The Guardian, a British national daily newspaper, produced a short documentary named “Abuse and exploitation of migrant workers preparing emirate for 2022”.[288] A 2014 investigation by The Guardian reports that migrant workers who have been constructing luxurious offices for the organisers of the 2022 World Cup have not been paid in over a year, and are now “working illegally from cockroach-infested lodgings.”[289] For 2014, Nepalese migrants involved in constructing infrastructure for the 2022 World Cup died at a rate of one every two days.[290] The Qatar 2022 organising committee have responded to various allegations by claiming that hosting the World Cup in Qatar would act as a “catalyst for change” in the region.[291] According to a February 2021 article in The Guardian, some 6,500 migrant construction workers have died.[292]

Qatar was estimated to host a football fanbase of 1.6 million for the 2022 FIFA World Cup 2022. However, the construction work in country was expected to only take the available 37,000 hotel rooms to 70,000 by the end of 2021. In December 2019, the Qatari World Cup officials approached the organizers of the Glastonbury Festival in England and the Coachella Festival in the US, to plan huge desert campsites for thousands of football fans. The World Cup campsites on the outskirts were reported to have licensed bars, restaurants, entertainment and washing facilities. Moreover, two cruise ships were also reserved as temporary floating accommodations for nearly 40,000 people during the tournament.[293]

Though football is the most popular sport, other team sports have experienced considerable success at senior level. In 2015, the national handball team emerged as runners-up to France in the World Men’s Handball Championship as hosts, however the tournament was marred by numerous controversies regarding the host nation and its team.[294] Further, in 2014, Qatar won the world championship in men’s 3×3 basketball.[295]

Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex in Doha hosted the WTA Tour Championships in women’s tennis between 2008 and 2010. Doha holds the WTA Premier tournament Qatar Ladies Open annually. Since 2002, Qatar has hosted the annual Tour of Qatar, a cycling race in six stages. Every February, riders are racing on the roads across Qatar’s flat land for six days. Each stage covers a distance of more than 100 km, though the time trial usually is a shorter distance. Tour of Qatar is organised by the Qatar Cycling Federation for professional riders in the category of Elite Men.[296]

The Qatar Army Skydiving Team has several different skydiving disciplines placing among the top nations in the world. The Qatar National Parachute team performs annually during Qatar’s National Day and at other large events, such as the 2015 World Handball Championship.[297] Doha four times was the host of the official FIVB Volleyball Men’s Club World Championship and three times host FIVB Volleyball Women’s Club World Championship. Doha one time Host Asian Volleyball Championship.[298]

On 3 September 2020, the Education City Stadium hosted its first-ever official match, where the local clubs Al Sadd SC and Al Kharaitiyat SC contested the season-opener of the 2020–21 Qatar Stars League.[299]

education

Student Center in Education City . Education City houses various educational facilities, including satellite campuses of eight international universities.

Qatar hired the RAND Corporation to reform its K–12 education system.[162] Through Qatar Foundation, the country has built Education City, a campus which hosts local branches of the Weill Cornell Medical College, Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science, Georgetown University School of Foreign Service, Northwestern’s Medill School of Journalism, Texas A&M’s School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University School of the Arts and other Western institutions.[162][300]

The illiteracy rate in Qatar was 3.1% for males and 4.2% for females in 2012, the lowest in the Arab-speaking world, but 86th in the world.[301] Citizens are required to attend government-provided education from kindergarten through high school.[302] Qatar University, founded in 1973, is the country’s oldest and largest institution of higher education.[303][304]

In November 2002, emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani created The Supreme Education Council.[305] The Council directs and controls education for all ages from the pre-school level through the university level, including the “Education for a New Era” initiative which was established to try to position Qatar as a leader in education reform.[306][307] According to the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, the top-ranking universities in the country are Qatar University (1,881st worldwide), Texas A&M University at Qatar (3,905th) and Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar (6,855th).[308]

In 2009, Qatar established the Qatar Science & Technology Park in Education City to link those universities with industry. Education City is also home to a fully accredited international Baccalaureate school, Qatar Academy. In addition, two Canadian institutions, the College of the North Atlantic (headquarters in Newfoundland and Labrador) and the University of Calgary, have inaugurated campuses in Doha. Other for-profit universities have also established campuses in the city.[309]

In 2012, Qatar was ranked third from the bottom of the 65 OECD countries participating in the PISA test of maths, reading and skills for 15- and 16-year-olds, comparable to Colombia or Albania, despite having the highest per capita income in the world.[310][311] Qatar was ranked 48th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021, down from 65th in 2019.[312][313][314][315]

As part of its national development strategy, Qatar has outlined a 10-year strategic plan to improve the level of education.[316] The government has launched educational outreach programs, such as Al-Bairaq. Al-Bairaq was launched in 2010 aims to provide high school students with an opportunity to experience a research environment in the Center for Advanced Materials in Qatar University. The program encompasses the STEM fields and languages.[317]

Science and technology

Launched in 2006 as part of an initiative of the quasi-governmental Qatar Foundation, the Qatar National Research Fund was created with the intent of securing public funds for scientific research within the country. The fund functions as a means for Qatar to diversify its economy from a primarily oil and gas-based one to a knowledge-based economy.[318]

The Qatar Science & Technology Park (QSTP) was established by Qatar Foundation in March 2009 as an attempt to assist the country’s transition towards a knowledge economy.[319][320] With a seed capital of $800 million and initially hosting 21 organizations,[320] the QSTP became Qatar’s first free-trade zone.[321]

See also

references

^ Arabic: قطر , romanized: Qaṭar [ˈqatˤar] [ˈɡɪtˤɑr] [10][11] ,[12] , or ;[13] ; local vernacular pronunciation:),, or ; ^ Arabic: دولة قطر , romanized: Dawlat Qaṭar

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The average Qatar Airways cabin crew salary in India is 12.2 lakhs for 2 to 10 years of experience. Qatar Airways cabin crew salaries range from ₹2 lakhs to ₹24 lakhs. We estimate it is 103% above the average airline cabin crew salary. Salary estimates are based on 59 salaries received from various Qatar Airways employees.

FORT WORTH, Texas and DOHA, Qatar – American Airlines and Qatar Airways are expanding their strategic alliance with a new codeshare agreement that will allow American customers to book travel on Qatar Airways flights via Doha to and from 16 new countries.

Airlines extend codeshare agreements to 16 more countries

FORT WORTH, Texas and DOHA, Qatar – American Airlines and Qatar Airways are expanding their strategic alliance with a new codeshare agreement that will allow American customers to book travel on Qatar Airways flights via Doha to and from 16 new countries.

Subject to required government codeshare approvals, travelers can travel beyond Qatar to their final destinations in Ethiopia, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, the Maldives, Oman, Pakistan, Seychelles, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, and Zambia Zimbabwe. This expanded codeshare comes as American Airlines introduces a new service on June 4th from New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) to Hamad International Airport (DOH) in Doha, recently voted the world’s best airport. The new service establishes American as the only US airline serving the Gulf region, seamlessly connected to Qatar Airways via Doha.

“Our global partnerships expand American’s extensive network and provide access to multiple destinations for our customers ready to travel around the world,” said Robert Isom, CEO of American. “We are pleased to deepen our strategic alliance with Qatar Airways along with the launch of our new service between New York and Doha, offering American customers more choice and convenient access to the Middle East and beyond.”

The strategic alliance includes Qatar Airways, the Middle East’s leading airline in terms of frequencies and destinations and the six-time winner of the Skytrax World’s Best Airline award, which is placing its code on thousands of American domestic flights to strengthen connectivity and new ones Create travel options for customers. American’s network enables connections to over 250 North American cities and Qatar Airways’ extensive network of more than 85 relevant destinations gives customers access to gateways in the Middle East, East Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia. The airlines, both members of the alliance, are paving the way for more connected travel within the alliance and globally.

Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive, His Excellency Mr. Akbar Al Baker, said: “Qatar Airways is pleased to extend our codeshare partnership with American Airlines, which is another step in renewing our long-term strategic partnership with the airline. The expansion of our codeshare agreement is a testament to our shared confidence in the future of aviation and our shared mission to improve the customer experience for millions of passengers worldwide. We are delighted to extend our relationship with our oneworld partner to offer passengers the reliable, safe and award-winning service they have come to expect from Qatar Airways.”

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About Qatar Airways

Qatar Airways, a multi-award-winning airline, has been named Airline of the Year at the 2021 World Airline Awards, administered by international aviation ratings organization Skytrax. It has also been recognized as World’s Best Business Class, World’s Best Business Class Airline Lounge, World’s Best Business Class Airline Seat, World’s Best Business Class Onboard Catering and Best Airline in the Middle East. The airline remains alone at the top of the industry after winning the top prize for an unprecedented sixth time. Qatar Airways currently flies to more than 150 destinations around the world, connecting through its Doha hub, Hamad International Airport, voted the “World’s Best Airport” by Skytrax.

Departing almost two months ahead of schedule, four weekly flights connect Seattle to our global network of over 120 destinations via the best airport in the Middle East

Passengers can enjoy Qsuite, the world’s best Business Class seat and the most private Business Class

DOHA, Qatar – Today marks the launch of Qatar Airways flights to Seattle (SEA) – giving passengers arriving from the Pacific Northwest even more flexible travel options via the Middle East’s best connected and best airport, Hamad International Airport (DOH), offers.

Seattle is the airline’s 11th US gateway, surpassing the number of destinations it operated in the US prior to COVID-19. The four weekly flights will be operated by Qatar Airways’ state-of-the-art Boeing 777 with 42 seats in business class and 312 seats in economy class.

The start of 2021 with the expansion of its West Coast presence with inaugural flights to the Emerald City comes as the airline continues to rapidly transform – and expand – its global network. The new flights from Seattle follow last month’s successful launch from San Francisco (SFO) to Doha.

As the leading global connector, Qatar Airways currently operates over 800 weekly flights to more than 120 destinations and plans to expand to over 130 destinations by the end of March. Passengers traveling to and from Seattle can enjoy seamless connections via the Middle East’s premier airport, Hamad International Airport, to the broadest network of destinations in Africa, Asia Pacific, South Asia and the Middle East.

The Chargé d’Affaires of the US Embassy in Doha, Her Excellency Ambassador Greta C. Holtz, stated: “I am honored to celebrate the launch of Qatar Airways flights to another destination in the United States – operated on US-made Boeing airplanes. This new route will open doors for more tourism, business and educational opportunities. The opening of this new route is just another indicator of the growing relationship between Qatar and the United States in every respect.”

Qatar Airways Group Chief Executive, His Excellency Mr. Akbar Al Baker, said: “As an international destination renowned for innovation, technology and natural beauty, we are pleased to serve this increasingly important business and leisure market. And as one of the top airports in the US, when Alaska Airlines joins the oneworld alliance on March 31, passengers will have a greater number of convenient connections – including to Alaska, Canada and Hawaii.”

Brad Tilden, Chairman and CEO of Alaska Air Group, said: “Qatar Airways is an outstanding airline, recognized worldwide for excellence in quality and service. We are very proud to join them as a member of the oneworld alliance in two months time. Our guests can earn and redeem miles on Qatar to amazing global destinations, along with an easy travel experience and oneworld benefits for our elite fliers. To make connections even easier for our guests, Qatar not only flies to Doha from Seattle, but also from two of our other West Coast hubs: San Francisco and Los Angeles.”

As a oneworld partner, Alaska Airlines will connect customers from the US West Coast to Doha and beyond through its other hubs in Los Angeles and San Francisco, complementing Qatar Airways’ existing strategic partnerships with JetBlue and oneworld carrier American Airlines.

Qatar Airways Privilege Club and Alaska Mileage Plan members can now earn frequent flyer miles on both airlines. Beginning March 31, members can also redeem frequent flyer miles across both airlines’ full networks and oneworld Ruby, Sapphire and Emerald elite status benefits, including lounge access. The two airlines are also working closely to develop a strategic codeshare agreement and commercial collaboration in line with the US carrier’s oneworld entry in late March.

Business class passengers flying to and from Seattle will enjoy the award-winning Qsuite business class seat, which features sliding privacy doors and the option to use a do not disturb screen. The Qsuite seating arrangement is a 1-2-1 configuration, giving passengers the most spacious, fully private, most comfortable and socially distanced business class product in the sky.

Seattle is the seventh new destination and the second in the United States to be added by Qatar Airways since the pandemic began. The launch of flights to Seattle and the resumption of Atlanta in June will expand Qatar Airways’ US network to 12 destinations in the US and further connect to hundreds of American cities through strategic partnerships with Alaska Airlines, American Airlines and JetBlue. Atlanta and Seattle join existing US destinations including Boston (BOS), Chicago (ORD), Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW), Houston (IAH), Los Angeles (LAX), Miami (MIA), New York (JFK ), Philadelphia (PHL), San Francisco (SFO) and Washington, D.C. (IAD).

Qatar Airways is the first global airline in the world to receive the prestigious 5-star COVID-19 flight safety rating from the international air transport rating organization Skytrax. This follows HIA’s recent success as the first airport in the Middle East and Asia to be awarded a Skytrax 5-Star COVID-19 Airport Safety Rating. These recognitions give passengers around the world the assurance that airline health and safety standards are subject to the highest possible standards of professional, independent testing and evaluation. Full details of all measures implemented on board and in HIA can be found at qatarairways.com/safety.

Passengers can book flights with peace of mind knowing that Qatar Airways is offering unlimited date changes and no-fee refunds for all tickets issued before April 30, 2021 for travel completed by December 31, 2021. The airline’s industry-leading flexible booking policy also offers this permanent feature of exchanging tickets for a 10% value-added travel voucher for all customers booking travel through qatarairways.com. See qatarairways.com/Flexibility for full terms and conditions.

Seattle flight schedule: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday

terminal

Arrival terminal:

Qatar Airways uses Terminal 5 at O’Hare Airport.

Some flights marked as Qatar Airways are codeshare flights operated by other airlines. Therefore, the following terminals are used for codeshare flights labeled Qatar Airways: Terminal 3.

In some cases this terminal may change, check with your airline for the terminal.

Check your arriving flight here

Departure Terminal:

Qatar Airways uses Terminal 5 at O’Hare Airport.

Some flights marked as Qatar Airways are codeshare flights operated by other airlines. Therefore, the following terminals are used for codeshare flights labeled Qatar Airways: Terminal 3.

In some cases this terminal may change, check with your airline for the terminal.

Check your departure here

flights

Follow the links below to view all scheduled Qatar Airways flights

– Arrivals

– Departures

Check in

To check-in for your flight at Chicago O’Hare Airport (ORD), go to the terminal where your flight departs from or follow the instructions on your ticket.

General information

– IATA code: QR

– Website: www.qatarairways.com/

– Phone number: 1-877-777-2827

codeshare

This airline operates some flights, but other flights are codeshare flights operated by the following airlines

– American Airlines

-Alaska Airlines

– JetBlue Airways

– Iberia

Earlier this week, Qatar Airways announced the expansion of its strategic codeshare partnership with JetBlue for flights between Doha and the United States.

As part of the expanded codeshare agreement, JetBlue passengers can now book flights with Qatar Airways to and from nine of the airline’s US gateways – Boston (BOS), Chicago (ORD), Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW), Atlanta (ATL), Houston (IAH), Miami (MIA), New York (JFK), Philadelphia (PHL) and Washington (IAD).

Sales of the additional codeshare flights for travel from April 19, 2021 between the US and Doha and from May 1, 2021 for destinations outside of Doha have started.

This expanded codeshare agreement builds on the two airlines’ partnership, which first began in 2011. Qatar Airways passengers already benefit from access to more than 50 destinations in the JetBlue network.

JetBlue passengers can also book travel on seven routes beyond Doha, serving via Doha to Amman (AMM), Entebbe (EBB), Kuala Lumpur (KUL), Maldives (MLE), Muscat (MCT), Salalah (SLL), Seychelles (SEZ) and Singapore (SIN).

In the near term and subject to regulatory approvals, JetBlue will be adding many more destinations to its virtual network in cooperation with Qatar Airways in Africa, Asia and the Middle East, including Addis Ababa (ADD), Nairobi (NBO) and Kigali (KGL), enabling further connectivity between North America and the rest of the Qatar Airways network.

This expanded codeshare agreement follows recent developments in the strategic partnership with JetBlue during the winter season with the addition of the Qatar Airways code on US carriers’ Caribbean flights, traveling through JetBlue’s New York (JFK) and Boston (BOS) hubs Aruba (AUA), Bermuda (BDA), Cayman Islands (GCM), Curacao (CUR), Grenada (GND), St Maarten (SXM) and St Lucia (UVF).

We’re excited to welcome @JetBlue to our extensive global network, offering our US passengers seamless connections to more international destinations via the best airport in the Middle East. https://t.co/FkTzFWKv9Q pic.twitter.com/vytH1t5ntx – Qatar Airways (@qatarairways) April 14, 2021

Qatar Airways’ current network includes over 130 destinations and is expected to expand to more than 1,200 weekly flights to over 140 destinations by the end of July 2021.

It currently operates flights to and from 12 US destinations including Boston (BOS), Chicago (ORD), Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW), Houston (IAH), Los Angeles (LAX), Miami (MIA), New York (JFK), Philadelphia (PHL), San Francisco (SFO), Seattle (SEA) and Washington, D.C. (IAD), with Atlanta (ATL) resuming on June 1st.

“By partnering with leading airlines such as Alaska Airlines, American Airlines and JetBlue, our passengers can easily travel to more than 220 markets in the United States and to over 130 destinations worldwide through our 12 US gateways,” said Thierry Antinori, Chief Commercial Officer of Qatar Airways.

This partnership between the two airlines also allows members of both airlines’ loyalty programs to take advantage of a wider range of options. Qatar Airways Privilege Club and JetBlue TrueBlue members will initially benefit from the opportunity to earn Qmiles or TrueBlue points later this year.

Going forward, these benefits will be expanded to include the ability to redeem points on flights of both airlines, Qatar Airways said in a statement.

terminal

Arrival terminal:

Most American Airlines flights arrive at Terminal 3, although Terminal 5 is also used.

In some cases this terminal may change, check with your airline for the terminal.

Check your arriving flight here

Departure Terminal:

American Airlines uses Terminal 3 at O’Hare Airport.

In some cases this terminal may change, check with your airline for the terminal.

Check your departure here

flights

Follow the links below to view all scheduled American Airlines flights

– Arrivals

– Departures

Check in

To check-in for your flight at Chicago O’Hare Airport (ORD), go to the terminal where your flight departs from or follow the instructions on your ticket.

General information

– IATA code: AA

– Website: www.aa.com

– Telephone number: 1-800-433-7300

codeshare

This airline operates some flights, but other flights are codeshare flights operated by the following airlines

– Cape Air

– JetBlue Airways

– British Airways

– Royal Jordanians

-JAL Japan Airlines

– Finnair

– Iberia

– Qatar Airways