Top 48 Hemlock Varnish Shelf The 67 Detailed Answer

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Is Ganoderma Tsugae edible?

Edibility. Like G. lucidum, G. tsugae is non-poisonous but generally considered inedible, because of its solid woody nature; however, teas and extracts made from its fruiting bodies supposedly allow medicinal use of the compounds it contains, although this is controversial within the scientific community.

Where does Ganoderma Tsugae grow?

It grows on hardwood (especially oaks) in warmer regions, such as Asia, the South Pacific, Southern Europe and the Southeastern United States. Ganoderma tsugae – Found in the Northeastern United States, the species name “tsugae” means “hemlock tree” which tells you where you should begin looking for this species.

What is Ganoderma Applanatum used for?

Medicinal use of Ganoderma Applanatum has been extensive throughout thousands of years. In Chinese medicine this fungus has been used to treat rheumatic tuberculosis and esophageal carcinoma. It has also been used more commonly to resolve indigestion, relieve pain and reduce phlegm.

How can you tell Ganoderma Oregonense?

Ganoderma oregonense can be recognized by a smooth, lacquered, mahogany to dark reddish brown cap, white to yellowish white pore surface, a stubby lateral stipe, and growth on dead conifers. Ganoderma tsugae, reported from California and considered distinct from G.

Is Hemlock Varnish Shelf the same as Reishi?

While Hemlock Varnish Shelf mushroom and Reishi mushroom aren’t totally the same, they have a lot of similarities. Hemlock Varnish Shelf mushroom is common in places like Maine and New Hampshire, and it is just a different type of a variant of Reishi mushroom.

How do you make a Ganoderma tincture?

Directions
  1. Begin by chopping your dried Reishi into about quarter sized pieces. …
  2. Place chopped pieces in to a glass quart sized jar.
  3. Now drown those puppies in vodka (filled about ¾ the way up).
  4. Secure the lid and aggressively shake the jar.
  5. Shake every day for a whole dang month.

Are all Ganoderma reishi?

Ganoderma/Lower classifications

Where can I buy reishi mir4?

Meanwhile, Herb Leaf, Reishi, and Herb Root can be acquired via Gathering. To properly gather the plants mentioned in Gathering, a great spot to pick is in Bicheon Town, located in Bicheon Area.

How do you identify Ganoderma applanatum?

Distinguishing features for Ganoderma applanatum include its unvarnished, furrowed and lumpy, dull brown cap surface; its white to grayish pore surface, which bruises brown; and its woody, brownish or cinnamon flesh.

Can you eat Ganoderma applanatum?

Ganoderma applanatum is edible but you can`t eat it because of hard and woody flesh. Usually, it use in making tea and tinctures and as a survival kit for making fireplace outdoor.

What are the benefits of Ganoderma?

Ganoderma lucidum is known for 6 common benefits, which are boosting immunity, fighting cancer, fatigue and depression, promoting heart health, controlling blood sugar and boosting antioxidants. .

What does Ganoderma look like?

Ganoderma sessile (formerly Ganoderma lucidum) – This fungus forms the distinctive shelf-like structures on the wood with brown to reddish-brown tops with cream-colored margins. The tops are shiny, almost like they have been varnished.

Is Ganoderma a parasite?

Ganoderma are widely distributed shelflike or knoblike fungi that feed either as saprotrophs on dead wood or as parasites on the live wood of hardwood trees, conifers, or palms. While some species are host-specific, most have a fairly broad range of hosts, and a number are economically significant plant pathogens.

Is Ganoderma sessile the same as Reishi?

sessile has the same biochemical properties as the Asian reishi is another question yet again. It is certainly used as reishi by some herbalists[ii], but it’s not unusual for even very similar species to have very different properties. lucidum was the old scientific name for reishi.

Is Ganoderma sessile edible?

Edibility: Not palatable. Habitat: Eats dead or dying hardwoods, especially the roots but also the base of the tree. Fruits either singly or in groups from stumps, logs, roots (including the roots of dead trees whose stumps have been removed), and from the wounds of living trees.

Does Reishi grow in Maine?

Ganoderma tsugae, the hemlock reishi mushroom is quite common in central Maine and elsewhere in the northeast. It grows on dead or dying eastern hemlock, a very common tree.


Hemlock Varnish Shelf
Hemlock Varnish Shelf


Hemlock Varnish Shelf (Ganoderma tsugae)
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California Fungi: Ganoderma oregonense

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Ganoderma tsugae

Species of fungus

Species of fungus

Ganoderma tsugae, also known as hemlock varnish shelf, is a flat polypore mushroom of the genus Ganoderma.

Habitat [ edit ]

In contrast to Ganoderma lucidum, to which it is closely related and which it closely resembles, G. tsugae tends to grow on conifers, especially hemlocks.[1]

Properties [ edit ]

Like G. lucidum, G. tsugae is purported to have medicinal properties including use for dressing a skin wound.[2] Phylogenetic analysis has begun to better differentiate between many closely related species of Ganoderma;[3] however, there is still disagreement as to which have the most medicinal properties. In addition, variations within the same species as well as the growth substrate and environmental conditions all the way through to preparation can have a substantial effect on the medicinal value of the product.[citation needed]

Edibility [ edit ]

Like G. lucidum, G. tsugae is non-poisonous but generally considered inedible,[4] because of its solid woody nature; however, teas and extracts made from its fruiting bodies supposedly allow medicinal use of the compounds it contains, although this is controversial within the scientific community. A hot water extraction or tea can be very effective for extracting the polysaccharides; however, an alcohol or alcohol/glycerin extraction method is more effective for the triterpenoids.[5]

The fresh, soft growth of the “lip” of G. tsugae can be sautéed and prepared much like other edible mushrooms. While in this nascent stage it is not woody, it can still be tough and chewy.

Medicinal use [ edit ]

Studies in mice have shown that G. tsugae shows several potential medicinal benefits including anti-tumor activity through some of the active polysaccharides found in G. tsugae[6][7] G. tsugae has also been shown to significantly promote wound healing in mice as well as significantly increase the proliferation and migration of fibroblast cells in culture.[8]

Foraging Reishi Mushrooms

Reishi mushrooms are one of the easiest mushrooms to identify, and a great place to start for beginning mushroom foragers. They have no poisonous look-alikes, so they’re relatively safe as well. Though reishi are generally too tough to eat, their medicinal properties have been well documented.

There are a number of different reishi species, and each grows in a different region around the world. For the most part, their medicinal properties are the same and there is some argument that they’re actually the same species occupying different habitat niches.

All species grow on dead and dying trees and produce annually. Once you find reishi on a particular log or stump, they will continue to produce there every year until they’ve consumed all the wood substrate.

Reishi mushrooms are also known by the names lingzhi, mushroom of immortality, ten-thousand-year mushroom, herb of spiritual potency, varnish shelf and artists conk.

Reishi Mushroom Identification

The mushroom itself is kidney or fan-shaped and has a distinctive red to orange color, and a shiny lacquered finish on the top. It’s a polypore, so it lacks gills, but the underside is white (or tan or grey in older specimens) and has pinprick-like dots. The flesh on the underside develops a brown/tan bruise when pressed.

Only harvest fresh mushrooms with white undersides as they can potentially harbor dangerous molds when the mushrooms are past their prime or bruised and damaged. Since they’re easily bruised and damaged during harvest, reishi should be preserved quickly after harvest.

They vary in size from an inch wide to a foot wide and can be as much as 2 inches thick. More commonly, they’ll be 4 to 6 inches wide and 1/2 inch to 1 inch thick.

New growth on the leading edge comes in as white and gradually changes to red-orange. Young mushrooms that are rapidly growing may be mostly white as they emerge from the wood. The bright red-orange cap that is characteristic of hemlock reishi will come as they mature.

As reishi get older, their flesh becomes tougher and the bright cap begins to dull. On my land, reishi rarely make it more than a few days before the slugs begin to devour them.

The harvest season in central Vermont is right around the summer solstice, and I go out daily to make sure I catch the mushrooms before they’re slug eaten.

Reishi grows horizontally out of their host log, often with a very short or non-existent stem. They have a strong but pleasant woodsy scent, a bit like decomposing leaf mulch.

Spores emerge from the bottom side of the mushroom, and on logs where they’re growing one above the other, you’ll see spores released by the upper mushrooms dulling the caps of the mushrooms below. The spore print in all species is brown.

Reishi Mushroom Species

Identifying reishi mushrooms varies a bit from region to region as different species have evolved based on location.

Ganoderma lucidum – Is the species used in traditional Chinese medicine. It grows on hardwood (especially oaks) in warmer regions, such as Asia, the South Pacific, Southern Europe and the Southeastern United States. – Is the species used in traditional Chinese medicine.It grows on hardwood (especially oaks) in warmer regions, such as Asia, the South Pacific, Southern Europe and the Southeastern United States.

Ganoderma tsugae – Found in the Northeastern United States, the species name “tsugae” means “hemlock tree” which tells you where you should begin looking for this species. Though it’s almost always found on hemlock, it can occasionally be found on birch or maple if they were growing close to hemlock. They can be found freshest between May and July. This species is also known as hemlock varnish shelf.

– Found in the Northeastern United States, the species name “tsugae” means “hemlock tree” which tells you where you should begin looking for this species. Though it’s almost always found on hemlock, it can occasionally be found on birch or maple if they were growing close to hemlock. They can be found freshest between May and July. This species is also known as hemlock varnish shelf. Ganoderma applanatum – A particularly hard and woody reishi species, varying in size from 2 to 30 inches wide. Color is duller than others and lacks a lustrous shine. Very difficult to cut, and often must be cut with a saw into strips for drying. This species is an opportunist and can be found on many different tree species, both hard and soft wood. – A particularly hard and woody reishi species, varying in size from 2 to 30 inches wide.Color is duller than others and lacks a lustrous shine.Very difficult to cut, and often must be cut with a saw into strips for drying.This species is an opportunist and can be found on many different tree species, both hard and soft wood.

Ganoderma curtisii – Distributed from Massachusetts to Nebraska, this species has an especially dramatic ochre-colored cap, that dulls as the mushroom ages. It has a matte rather than lacquered finish on its cap. Found on hardwood logs, usually oak or maple, but occasionally other hardwoods as well.

– Distributed from Massachusetts to Nebraska, this species has an especially dramatic ochre-colored cap, that dulls as the mushroom ages. It has a matte rather than lacquered finish on its cap. Found on hardwood logs, usually oak or maple, but occasionally other hardwoods as well. Ganoderma sessile – A red shiny species that grows 3 to 16 inches across. The flesh is very soft and bendable, and unlike other species, if damaged the outer growth margin will produce a sap-like resin. Found on hardwood, usually oak or maple, but occasionally other hardwoods as well.

– A red shiny species that grows 3 to 16 inches across. The flesh is very soft and bendable, and unlike other species, if damaged the outer growth margin will produce a sap-like resin. Found on hardwood, usually oak or maple, but occasionally other hardwoods as well. Ganoderma oregonense – As its name suggests, this species is native to the pacific northwest where it grows on conifers. The fruiting body is very large and can be up to a meter across.

Other species include: Ganoderma lingzhi, Ganoderma capense, Ganoderma carnosum and Ganoderma resinaceum.

Reishi Mushroom Look-Alikes

Reishi mushrooms have no poisonous look-alikes, making them ideal for the beginning mushroom forager. While it’s sometimes hard to distinguish between species of reishi mushroom, all reishi species are used in the same way. The fine distinctions between species are more academic than practical.

Be sure to only use fresh first-year reishi mushrooms with bright caps and white undersides. As the mushrooms age, the underside grows darker, turning tan or brown and the cap dulls. Older reishi mushrooms can harbor potentially harmful molds and should not be consumed.

Reishi can be confused with other polypore mushrooms, notably the red belted conk (fomitopsis pinicola). The red belted conk is a perennial mushroom, that’s hard and woody, unlike the spongy texture or reishi.

Rather than developing new mushrooms each year, it just grows a new ring around the edge. Unlike reishi, the red belted conk will not bruise on the pore side when pressed.

Harvesting Reishi Mushrooms

Be sure that the pore surface on the underside is white, ensuring that the mushroom is a young specimen. Reishi can either be gently pulled from the tree host or cut with a knife in softer specimens.

Reishi grow at the base of trees near the ground and often grow around plants found growing nearby. Be sure that the mushroom you harvest hasn’t grown around any toxic plants, especially poison ivy which can sometimes be found nearby.

Adverse Reactions to Reishi

Be careful taking reishi if you’re on other medication, especially medicine that affects the liver. There have been some rare but documented allergic reactions, involving skin rash and stomach upset, all of which stopped when reishi was discontinued.

Storing Reishi Mushrooms

Reishi mushrooms spoil quickly after harvest unless they’re promptly dried. They will keep in a paper bag in the refrigerator for 3-5 days but are best when they’re promptly cut into thin strips and dried. Dried reishi mushrooms should be stored in an airtight container out of direct sunlight.

They can also be chopped and made into a reishi mushroom tincture directly after harvest, no drying required. Since reishi mushrooms have both water-soluble and alcohol-soluble constituents, a double extraction tincture is the best way to get all the medicinal benefits.

Reishi Mushroom Medicinal Properties

In a class of medicines known as Adaptogens, reishi mushrooms help you to adapt to cope with physical and mental stresses. It’s best taken daily over an extended period, as it often takes a few weeks for reishi to build up in your system to have a positive impact.

They’re known to be analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-tumor. Reishi mushrooms have also been shown to reduce blood pressure, blood cholesterol, blood sugar and reduce platelet aggregation that results in blood clots. Its effects on blood sugar were significant enough that it has been successfully used in the treatment of diabetes.

The antioxidant activity of compounds found in reishi mushrooms seems to target free radicals responsible for aging, and reishi helped reverse the effects of aging in lab mice. Reishi works to protect and strengthen the liver and has been successfully used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

The cancer-fighting properties of reishi mushrooms are well documented in scientific literature. Reishi doesn’t seem to fight cancer cells outside the body in tissue cultures, suggesting that the main anticancer effects are achieved by strengthening a person’s immune system and helping their body fight off cancer rather than attacking cancer directly.

The most common way to prepare reishi mushrooms is as a strong tea, where thinly sliced mushrooms are simmered for extended periods (1 to 2 hours) to extract their water-soluble constituents. The medicinal components of reishi can also be extracted in an alcohol-based tincture. The dried mushroom powder can also be put into reishi capsules and taken as a daily immune-boosting supplement.

Cooking Reishi Mushrooms

Though often too tough and woody to eat, they are technically edible. If you’d like to try eating one, harvest a very young mostly white growing tip just after it comes out of the log or stump. Dice it finely and sauté.

I imagine you’ll be unimpressed, but give it a try.

Cultivating Reishi Mushrooms

If you have dead oak logs or stumps available, try growing your own by inoculating with reishi dowel plugs.

I have not been able to find hemlock reishi spores or plugs online, but I have had success placing a freshly harvested hemlock reishi on top of a freshly cut hemlock stump. Our stump produced mushrooms the following year and has continued to be productive.

Mushroom Foraging Resources

Excited about getting out into the woods and foraging mushrooms this year? Here’s a bunch of other easy to identify mushrooms:

Or if you’re feeling extra ambitious, you can always try your hand at cultivating shiitake mushrooms.

Disclaimer: Every year people are poisoned by eating wild mushrooms that closely resemble edible species. Although mushroom poisonings are rare in the grand scheme of things, be aware that you are responsible for proper identification AND consulting multiple sources for your identification.

I am not a mushroom expert, nor do I claim to be. I’ve written this based on my own research because I enjoy sharing the fruits of my own mycological journey with others. Do not rely solely on my writings to identify mushroom types, and be sure to cross-reference anything mushroom-related with at least two (preferably more) credible sources.

For more information on foraging reishi mushrooms, try any of these references:

Ganoderma applanatum

Species of fungus

Species of fungus

Ganoderma applanatum (the artist’s bracket, artist’s conk,[1] artist’s fungus or bear bread) is a bracket fungus with a cosmopolitan distribution.

Description [ edit ]

This fungus is parasitic and saprophytic,[2] and grows as a mycelium within the wood of living and dead trees. The Ganoderma applanatum grows in single, scattered, or compound formations.[2] It forms fruiting bodies that are 3–30 cm wide × 5–50 cm long × 1–10 cm thick,[1] hard as leather, woody-textured, and inedible.[3] They are white at first but soon turn dark red-brown. The upper surface of the fruiting body is covered with reddish brown conidia. Brown spores are released from the pores on the underside of the fruiting body. The spores are highly concentrated, and as many as 4.65 billion spores can be dispersed from a 10–10 cm section of the conk within 24 hours.[4] The tubes are 4–12 mm deep and terminate in pores that are round with 4–6 per millimetre.[1] The fruiting bodies are perennial, and may persist for multiple years, increasing in size and forming new layers of pores as they grow. These layers can be distinguished in a cross section or from observation of the concentric rings on the upper surface of the fruiting body.[5] This allows the fruiting body’s age to be determined using the same method as tree rings.

Ganoderma applanatum is a wood-decay fungus, causing a rot of heartwood in a variety of trees. It can also grow as a pathogen of live sapwood, particularly on older trees that are sufficiently wet. It is a common cause of decay and death of beech and poplar, and less often of several other tree genera, including alder, apple, elm, buckeye and horse chestnut, maple, oak, live oak, walnut, willow, western hemlock, Douglas fir, old or sick olive tree, and spruce. G. applanatum grows more often on dead trees than living ones.[6]

Similar species [ edit ]

The similar Ganoderma brownii has thicker, darker flesh, often a yellow pore surface, and larger spores than G. applanatum.[1] G. oregonense, G. lucidum,[2] and Fomitopsis pinicola are also similar.[7]

Uses [ edit ]

G. applanatum A drawing on the lower side of the sporocarp of

A peculiarity of this fungus lies in its use as a drawing medium for artists.[8] When the fresh white pore surface is rubbed or scratched with a sharp implement, dark brown tissue under the pores is revealed, resulting in visible lines and shading that become permanent once the fungus is dried. This practice is what gives the Ganoderma applanatum its common name.[4][6]

G. applanatum is a medicinal farming crop that is used as a flavor enhancer in Asian cuisine. G. applanatum is non-digestible in its raw form,[2] but is considered edible when cooked. Hot herbal soups, or fermentation in lemon acid with onion is a common use for cooking with G. applanatum slices as an umami flavor enhancer in fermented foods. G. applanatum can also be used in tea.

Ganoderma applanatum is known in Japan as kofuki-saru-no-koshikake (コフキサルノコシカケ),[9][10] literally meaning “powder-covered monkey’s bench”, and in China as shu-she-ling-zhi (树舌灵芝), where it has long been used in traditional medicines.[11] Studies have shown Ganoderma applanatum contains compounds with potent anti-tumor,[12][13][14] antibacterial[15][16] anti-fibrotic[17] properties.

Ganoderma Applanatum has been used to produce amadou, even though Fomes fomentarius is most commonly associated with the production of amadou.[18] Amadou is a leathery, easily flammable material that is produced from different polypores, but can also be consist of similar material.[19] Amadou generally has three areas of use: fire making, medicinal,[20] and clothing,[21][19] however, it is mostly associated with fire making.[22][23]

Medicinal uses [ edit ]

Medicinal use of Ganoderma Applanatum has been extensive throughout thousands of years.[24] In Chinese medicine this fungus has been used to treat rheumatic tuberculosis and esophageal carcinoma. It has also been used more commonly to resolve indigestion, relieve pain and reduce phlegm.[25] Further studies have shown that It’s medicinal qualities also include anti-tumor, anti-oxidation and as a regulator for body immunity.[24]

Ganoderma Applanatum is generally studied from three angles: medicinal, phytopathological, and biotechnological.[26] Medicinal fungi such as G. applanatum are of special interest due to their antibiotic properties. Methanol extracts from G. applanatum have shown that the fatty acids present, such as palmitic acid, show antibacterial properties.[27] Compared to synthetic antibiotics these compounds extracted from G. applanatum lack problems of drug resistance and side effects.[27]

Fungivory [ edit ]

There is anecdotal references of higher primates consuming this fungus for self-medication.[28][2]

In the book Gorillas in the Mist Dian Fossey writes the following about gorillas eating Ganoderma applanatum:

Still another special food (for the gorillas) is bracket fungus (Ganoderma applanatum)… The shelflike projection is difficult to break free, so younger animals often have to wrap their arms and legs awkwardly around a trunk and content themselves by only gnawing at the delicacy. Older animals who succeed in breaking the fungus loose have been observed carrying it several hundred feet from its source, all the while guarding it possessively from more dominant individuals’ attempts to take it away. Both the scarcity of the fungus and the gorillas’ liking of it cause many intragroup squabbles, a number of which are settled by the silverback, who simply takes the item of contention for himself.[29]

Agathomyia wankowiczii on an artist’s bracket fungus Larval galls (black objects) ofon an artist’s bracket fungus

The midge Agathomyia wankowiczii lays its eggs on the fruiting body of the fungus, forming galls.[30] Female forked fungus beetles, Bolitotherus cornutus lay their eggs on the surface of the fruiting bodies and the larvae live inside of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum and a few other bracket fungi.[31] Meanwhile, the fly Hirtodrosophila mycetophaga courts and mates entirely on the underside of dark fungi.[32]

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