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In one of his most famous poems, “Harlem [Dream Deferred]”, he addresses the limitations and oppression of African Americans after the Great Depression. Many African Americans dreamed of equality, but often times that dream became neglected and pushed aside.‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred) is one of a number of poems Hughes wrote that relates to the lives of African-American people in the USA. The short poem poses questions about the aspirations of a people and the consequences that might arise if those dreams and hopes don’t come to fruition.“Harlem” describes the American Dream, because of the unfavorable environment to which African Americans were exposed to making it hard for them to achieve their goals. Hughes criticizes the mistreatment of the Black community by Whites through his writing.

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What is Hughes message about dreams deferred?

‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred) is one of a number of poems Hughes wrote that relates to the lives of African-American people in the USA. The short poem poses questions about the aspirations of a people and the consequences that might arise if those dreams and hopes don’t come to fruition.

What does the poem Harlem say about the American dream?

“Harlem” describes the American Dream, because of the unfavorable environment to which African Americans were exposed to making it hard for them to achieve their goals. Hughes criticizes the mistreatment of the Black community by Whites through his writing.

What does it mean when a dream is deferred?

Hughes begins his poem with a question. “What happens to a dream deferred?” The word, deferred, in this context means that it is put off or delayed indefinitely.

What does A Dream Deferred mean in A Raisin in the Sun?

The epigraph to A Raisin in the Sun is Langston Hughes’ poem “Montage of a Dream Deferred” which was written as a critique of Harlem life. The eleven lines are a hypothesis about the ramifications of white society’s actions to withhold equal opportunity from black citizens [13].

What is the main message of the poem Harlem?

Major Themes in “Harlem”: Delay, sadness, and dreams are the major themes of this poem. The poem speaks about the oppression of African-Americans. The tone suggests that their goals always remain unapproachable and lose their meanings.

What do you think is the author’s purpose in writing the poem dreams deferred?

Langston Hughes’s poem “Dream Deferred” is speaks about what happens to dreams when they are put on hold. The poem leaves it up to the reader to decide what dream is being questioned. In the opening of the poem the speaker uses a visual image that is also a simile to compare a dream deferred to a raisin.

How does Langston Hughes represent the American Dream?

Hughes underlined the basis of the American Dream with what is and what should be in the societal era he lived in. In hindsight he believed his poems helped others realize the injustices that all minorities had to face during this era.

How does Langston Hughes feel about the American Dream?

In the poem, Hughes describes his own disillusionment with the American Dream and suggests that the United States has failed to fulfill its promise of freedom and equality for all people.

Why was the poem A Dream Deferred significant to the black community?

It represented the postponement of Black dreams. It represented the migration of Black Americans to Harlem. It represented the fulfillment of Black dreams after the Civil War.

What does the poet mean by deferred dream in Harlem?

“Harlem” can be read in two ways at once: the deferred dream in the poem can be interpreted as a collective, social dream—the dream of an entire group of people—and it may also be interpreted as an individual dream. In fact, the poem suggests that individual and collective dreams are intricately connected.

What are the possible outcomes of a deferred dream?

The possible outcomes for deferred dreams are incredible images which invoke the senses, particularly taste, smell and touch.

What does the poem tell you about what happens when dreams are deferred?

The speaker tells us that having a deferred dream is painful. A dream deferred tell us what will happen if we postpone our dream too long. A deferred dream make us lifeless like a raisin in the sun. The pain will be worse because it is untreated, fester like a sore.

How does Langston Hughes poem dreams relate to A Raisin in the Sun?

A Raisin in the Sun is essentially about dreams, as the main characters struggle to deal with the oppressive circumstances that rule their lives. The title of the play references a conjecture that Langston Hughes famously posed in a poem he wrote about dreams that were forgotten or put off.

How are the dreams of the main characters deferred in A Raisin in the Sun?

Ruth’s dream is similar to Mama’s. She wants to build a happy family and believes one step toward this goal is to own a bigger and better place to live. Ruth’s dream is also deferred by a lack of money, which forces her and Walter to live in a crowded apartment where their son, Travis, must sleep on a sofa.

How does Harlem relate to raisin in the sun?

The play “A Raisin In the Sun” and the poem “Harlem” both concentrate on the attainment of the forever promised “American Dreams” (higher education, prosperity, equality, freedom to come and go as you desire and to be whoever and whatever you want).

How would you respond to the deferral of a personal dream?

The best response to a “deferred dream” is to “explode” in a positive way by using the “deferred dream” as a catalyst for positive change.

What does Langston Hughes mean by Or does it explode?

One of the most ready-to-hand interpretations of that final line—“Or does it explode?”—is to think of the explosion as a riot, a reflection of the possibility that the oppressive conditions marginalized communities in Harlem and across Jim Crow America face might lead to open rebellion.


Building the American Dream: A Dream Deferred
Building the American Dream: A Dream Deferred


Analysis of Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes – 627 Words | 123 Help Me

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What Are The Poetic Devices In Langston Hughes’s Harlem Poem

What Are The Poetic Devices In Langston Hughes’s Harlem Poem

Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes

Analysis Of Dreams Deferred By Langston Hughes

Analysis Of Dreams Deferred By Langston Hughes

Analysis Of A Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes

Analysis Of A Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes

Harlem by Langston Hughes

Harlem by Langston Hughes

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Reoccurring Themes in the Work of Langston Hughes

Reoccurring Themes in the Work of Langston Hughes

An Analysis Of Langston Hughes’s ‘Dream Deferred’

An Analysis Of Langston Hughes’s ‘Dream Deferred’

Final Research Essay

Final Research Essay

Analysis Of Langston Hughes’s Outlook On The American Dream

Analysis Of Langston Hughes’s Outlook On The American Dream

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Analysis of Poem ‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes – Owlcation

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Langston Hughes and a Summary of ‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred)

Analysis of the Poem

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Analysis of Poem 'Harlem' (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes - Owlcation
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Harlem (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes – Poem Analysis

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Harlem (A Dream Deferred) Analysis

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Harlem (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes - Poem Analysis
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Analysis Of A Dream Deferred – 892 Words | Bartleby

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Analysis Of The Poem ‘ Dream Deferred ‘

Analysis Of The Poem ‘ Dream Deferred ‘

Poem Analysis A Dream Deferred

Poem Analysis A Dream Deferred

Harlem A Dream Deferred Analysis

Harlem A Dream Deferred Analysis

Analysis Of The Poem ‘ Dream Deferred ‘

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Literary Analysis of Langston Hughes’s A Dream Deferred

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Analysis of Harlem (A Dream Deferred) and A Raisin in the Sun

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how do dreams deferred relate to the american dream

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how do dreams deferred relate to the american dream
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An Analysis Of Langston Hughes’s ‘Dream Deferred’ | 123 Help Me

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Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes

Analysis Of A Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes

Analysis Of A Dream Deferred By Langston Hughes

Harlem by Langston Hughes

Harlem by Langston Hughes

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An Analysis Of Langston Hughes's 'Dream Deferred' | 123 Help Me
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The American Dream

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The American Dream
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Analysis of Poem ‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes – Owlcation

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Langston Hughes and a Summary of ‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred)

Analysis of the Poem

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Analysis of Poem 'Harlem' (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes - Owlcation
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Montage of a Dream Deferred | Encyclopedia.com

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  • Summary of article content: Articles about Montage of a Dream Deferred | Encyclopedia.com The poems are linked stylistically and thematically, with certain phrases … The deferred dream to which Hughes refers in the title is the American dream … …
  • Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Montage of a Dream Deferred | Encyclopedia.com The poems are linked stylistically and thematically, with certain phrases … The deferred dream to which Hughes refers in the title is the American dream … Montage of a Dream DeferredLANGSTON HUGHES1951INTRODUCTIONPLOT SUMMARYTHEMESHISTORICAL OVERVIEWCRITICAL OVERVIEWCRITICISMSOURCES Source for information on Montage of a Dream Deferred: Literary Themes for Students: The American Dream dictionary.Montage of a Dream DeferredLANGSTON HUGHES1951INTRODUCTIONPLOT SUMMARYTHEMESHISTORICAL OVERVIEWCRITICAL OVERVIEWCRITICISMSOURCES
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Montage of a Dream Deferred | Encyclopedia.com
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Langston Hughes’s Poetic Vision of the American Dream: A Complex and Creative Encoded Language

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  • Summary of article content: Articles about Langston Hughes’s Poetic Vision of the American Dream: A Complex and Creative Encoded Language The theme of the American Dream and the possibilities for the black man to reach … I will refer to Hughes’s poems in Montage of a Dream Deferred as Mon (. …
  • Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Langston Hughes’s Poetic Vision of the American Dream: A Complex and Creative Encoded Language The theme of the American Dream and the possibilities for the black man to reach … I will refer to Hughes’s poems in Montage of a Dream Deferred as Mon (. Hughes Langston, rêve américain, socio-poétique, Deleuze Gilles, marge, littérature mineure, American dream, socio-poetics, margin, minor literatureIn his collection of poems entitled Montage of a Dream Deferred (1951) Langston Hughes observed and gave an original restitution of the historic evolution of African-American culture, a theme he reverted to again in 1961 with Ask Your Mama: 12 Moods for Jazz. Both collections were, indeed, largely shaped by the impact of the transformation of black music as well as the hopes and dreams of African Americans. The theme of the American Dream and the possibilities for the black man to reach and accomplish this dream were recurrent in Hughes’s poetry, while the tension between the realities of the black experience and the unrealized dream provided the dynamic of his writing. By considering the poetic description of the living conditions of African Americans, my intent is to offer an analysis of the poet’s social lens to understand his vision of the American Dream for his people and how he addressed some of the most pressing social issues of his time. By analyzing Hughes’s poetic technique, I will also show how the poet rebuilt African-American history and led the reader to a process of “collective fiction”, typical of “minority writing”, as defined by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in Mille Plateaux (1980). Through his specific technique, we will see Hughes’s writing is constantly on the edge of musical and written forms; an hypotext which bonds his poems to minority writing and minor literature. Hughes Langston, American dream, socio-poetics, Deleuze Gilles, margin, minor literatureDans les recueils de poèmes Montage of a Dream Deferred (1951) et Ask your Mama: 12 Moods for Jazz (1960), Langston Hughes livre une restitution particulièrement originale de la communauté noire et de son histoire entre les années 1940 et 1960. Les deux recueils suivent effectivement l’évolution de la musique noire en même temps que les rêves et les attentes de la communauté noire américaine. Le thème du rêve américain et la possibilité d’avoir sa part du rêve pour la communauté noire est récurrent dans l’écriture de Hughes. Les tensions entre les attentes et la réalité fournissent aussi une dynamique d’écriture propre au poète. A travers notre analyse, nous montrerons en quoi la description « socio-poétique » de Hughes traduit sa vision du rêve américain et comment il aborde la question sociale la plus brûlante de son temps à travers une écriture poétique qui se veut à la fois stimulante et accessible à tous. En analysant le style et la technique de Hughes, nous verrons aussi comment le poète a réinterprété l’histoire et réinvesti la langue. En substituant à la langue des expressions langagières et des modulations écrites depuis la marge, une caractéristique propre à la « littérature mineure » définie par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari dans Mille Plateaux (1980), Hughes parvient ainsi à mettre le familier à distance, à s’affranchir de la norme, et à imposer une forme de représentation du mineur et de la marge au sens deleuzien. Hughes Langston, rêve américain, socio-poétique, Deleuze Gilles, marge, littérature mineure
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Langston Hughes’s Poetic Vision of the American Dream: A Complex and Creative Encoded Language
Langston Hughes’s Poetic Vision of the American Dream: A Complex and Creative Encoded Language

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A Raisin in the Sun and Dreams Deferred – Cal Shakes

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  • Summary of article content: Articles about A Raisin in the Sun and Dreams Deferred – Cal Shakes By Shi Yi Harlem What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? … But this is not just a story of the American Dream. …
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A Raisin in the Sun and Dreams Deferred - Cal Shakes
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Analysis of Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes – 627 Words

Analysis of Dream Deferred by Langston HughesDreams are the driving force of America today. Every person has some sort of dreams and or goals. Although in life everyone has dreams and goals, there are obviously more struggles for some ethnic groups than for others. The poem, “Dream Deferred,” by Langston Hughes , is one man’s expression of his dreams during a difficult time period.As a black man in a time period where African-Americans were considered an inferior group of people,dreams and goals would have been difficult to realize. Langston Hughes aptly expresses his frustrations in his poem, “Dream Deferred.” As people read this poem, in any time period, they can relate to the simple universal message that the poet expressed. Hughes is very expressive in how he feels about dreams he has had and the fact and his frustration at not being able to pursue and/or fulfill those dreams that he is unable to pursue or fulfill those dreams.In his poem, Hughes asks the reader to think by posing the question, ?What happens to a dream deferred??(1). This first li…

Analysis of Poem ‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred) by Langston Hughes

Andrew has a keen interest in all aspects of poetry and writes extensively on the subject. His poems are published online and in print.

Langston Hughes

Langston Hughes and a Summary of ‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred)

‘Harlem’ (A Dream Deferred) is one of a number of poems Hughes wrote that relates to the lives of African-American people in the USA.

The short poem poses questions about the aspirations of a people and the consequences that might arise if those dreams and hopes don’t come to fruition.

There is an emphasis on poetic devices, specifically the simile, where one thing is compared to another using the word like or as.

Langston Hughes also wrote novels, stories, essays and articles throughout his career, but it was mainly as a poet that he gained recognition. He wanted his poems to reflect the plight of the African-Americans and to give them a voice. Despite some opposition to his work, he became a beacon of light for the oppressed.

He was part of the Harlem Renaissance, an artistic movement of African-Americans which played a major role in establishing names during the 1920s and 30s.

Hughes continued to use the influence of street language and vivid imagery in his poetry, ‘Harlem’ being a prime example.

‘What happens to a dream deferred?’

Themes Goals, Aspirations, Objectives Dreams The American Dream African-American Issues Emotional/Psychological Energy of a People

Analysis of the Poem

A short, pithy poem that seeks to answer its own question via a series of images and the use of simile and metaphor—figurative language—which puts the emphasis on the imagination.

There are eleven lines with an inconsistent rhyme scheme of abcdbefeghh.

The form is unusual in that the first stanza is a quatrain, followed by a tercet then an unrhymed couplet. The last line is another question which suggests that there is no definitive answer to the original question.

Full end rhymes do tend to glue the lines together and solidify the whole, so sun/run, meat/sweet, load/explode reinforce the message and also make it easier to remember.

Note the use of anaphora, when words are repeated (as in the Old Testament Psalms for example), which also combines with the above rhymes to strengthen the form.

Does it dry up… Does it stink…. Or does it …..

‘Dream Deferred’ Meaning

What kind of dream are we talking about here? The dreams we all experience whilst sleeping? Daydreaming? Most definitely not, this dream has to do with conscious goals, hopes and aims for the future.

The speaker is suggesting that this dream is already delayed and frustrated and that time is of the essence—this dream has to be fulfilled or else.

The poem does not offer any solution to the problem of the postponed dream. It merely puts before us some tentative examples. Something happens but the speaker isn’t quite certain what.

The reader is offered a series of comparisons. The dream is like:

a raisin in the sun: a fruit which was once juicy, a nutritious food, now is seen to dry up and become useless. As the sun rises each day, time passes, nothing happens.

a fruit which was once juicy, a nutritious food, now is seen to dry up and become useless. As the sun rises each day, time passes, nothing happens. like a sore: a flesh wound or symptom of illness which, once neglected, begins to turn bad and could be harmful to the health. Too late for a bandage or cream?

a flesh wound or symptom of illness which, once neglected, begins to turn bad and could be harmful to the health. Too late for a bandage or cream? rotten meat: a protein foodstuff that has been left out or forgotten about and is already beyond use. There’s something rotten in the state of forgotten dreams.

a protein foodstuff that has been left out or forgotten about and is already beyond use. There’s something rotten in the state of forgotten dreams. a syrupy sweet: sugar brings energy and life but this has been out too long and gone crusty. That dream was sweet once upon a time.

sugar brings energy and life but this has been out too long and gone crusty. That dream was sweet once upon a time. a heavy load: who wants to carry such weight unnecessarily? Everyone has baggage but doesn’t history show some people have always carried more than others?

So these five contrasting elements help shape the poem and bring strong visual energy into the mind of the reader.

The fact that food is prominent brings home the idea that this dream has to do with survival (of the fittest); what is taken into the physical body is important but in the end, a dream deferred can result in explosive consequences. Because it’s like a ticking time bomb?

The final line metaphorically sums up the whole notion of what can happen when an individual’s or a people’s dream fails to manifest in real time. Oppression, societal pressure, prejudice, historical baggage and other factors can play their part in denying the dream.

Sources

100 Essential Modern Poems, Ivan Dee, ed Joseph Parisi,2005

Academia

YouTube

© 2017 Andrew Spacey

Explication of the Poem “Harlem” – 1357 Words

“Harlem” describes the American Dream, because of the unfavorable environment to which African Americans were exposed to making it hard for them to achieve their goals. Hughes criticizes the mistreatment of the Black community by Whites through his writing. The poem highlights issues likely to arise if part of a population has to put their aspirations and objectives aside. Through different techniques, “Harlem” has clearly shown problems, which African Americans were facing. Hughes has successfully utilized various poetic elements within his work to protest against the oppression of African Americans.

The poem was written during the “Harlem” Renaissance when Black writers were expressing their opinions on social injustices which were happening in their community. Moreover, they wrote about mistreatment and racial discrimination against black people. In this sense, they sought answers to the question, “What happens to a dream differed?” (Hughes, Line 1). Therefore, “Harlem” tends to show how African Americans had lost hope after their dreams were crushed due to White men’s mistreatment.

To address the question posed in the poem, Hughes creates a set of similes that assist in seeking answers to the aforementioned question. Notably, a simile can be defined as the comparison of different things which have common unique attributes. His suggestions create an image that highlights how African Americans felt when the poem was written. For example, to give a vivid description of their emotions, Hughes asks whether their dreams “… dry up like a raisin in the sun?” (Hughes, Lines 2-3). The author answers this question using a simile, which is hard for the reader to understand. He asserts that “Maybe it just sags like a heavy load” (Hughes, lines 9-10). Through this statement, Hughes insists on his idea of the devastating circumstance African Americans are exposed to by the Whites. The author can create a visual picture of how heavy the problem is in this section. Based on these examples, Hughes allows the reader to have a clear image of the situation by examining the demoralizing circumstances African Americans are going through to be able to feel their emotions and understand their plight. The similes clearly show sentiments of lost hopes and depression that a Black man has to endure while trying to achieve the American Dream.

To describe the availability of the American Dream between African Americans and the whites in American society, Hughes uses imagery. One can realize that; the poem is made up of different circumstances in which the author compares the American Dream to normal life experience by the use of similes. For example, Hughes utilizes words that are familiar and normal to people such as “raisin” (line 3), “sore” (line 4), “rotten meat” (line 6), and syrup (line 8). On that note, the incorporation of simile in the poem gives a symbolic illustration of the “dream deferred,” hence improving meaning of the words employed by the author. Towards that end, the stylistic representation in the poem creates a situation that allows the reader to relate to the differences regarding the American Dream between the two societies in America (Annas and Rosen). Towards that end, the audience can understand that the American Dream was only attainable by the White people while remaining a mystery to African American groups.

In addition, the poem uses rhetorical questions to pass its intended message to the reader. Most of the sentences in the composition are rhetoric apart from one “What happens to a dream deferred?” (Hughes, line 1). The reader is introduced to the author’s thematic concern and then he expounds on the rhetorical questions to give plausible answers to the issue (Hughes, line 1-8). “Harlem” forms an image comparing the “dream deferred” to normal issues in life which everybody is familiar with through the questions.

As one reads the poem, it is fascinating to observe the continuous use of rhetorical sentences. Indeed, various examples are revealing the idea of the “dream deferred” in the mind of the audience. For instance, there is a rhetorical stance in the last line “Or does it explode?” (Hughes, line 11). Notably, this question is presented in italics and active voice, although it is different from the rest of the responses in the subsequent parts. Imperatively, they help in the application of different tones of the poem and create a sense of improved curiosity about the intention outlined in the rest of the stanzas. Therefore, the use of this style ensures that the author’s message has the intended effect on the reader’s comprehension.

Moreover, the poem “Harlem” has incorporated the use of repetition. The author has successfully used this strategy to improve and make his message understandable, memorable, and clear to the audience. For instance, the words “does it”, “like”, and “or” are used repetitively by the author throughout the poem. By use of such an approach, the reader can feel a musical sense as they read the composition (Annas and Rosen). In this manner, the poem remains in their mind and heart, and they can remember every line of the poem easily. Additionally, the application of this style makes “Harlem” motivational by allowing the audience to think more about what every sentence contains, and also encouraging the reader to see the importance of the author’s message.

Hughes improves the poem’s ability to look at the possibility of every suggestion made and whether it is a better answer to the original question through repetition. Furthermore, it enables the reader to assess the accuracy of every answer given and decide on which answer is better than the other (Annas and Rosen). It also makes it possible for the audience to actively participate in the poem. Moreover, lines 3, 6, and 8 in the first stanza create musical reiteration that forms some flow, hence establishing the rhythmical ambiance of the poem.

It is also worth noting that “Harlem” displays an image of hatred and lost hope in a particular group in society. From the discussions, the author has made good use of rhetorical questions, repetition, and rhyme to portray its message. Components of imagery have been combined to enable the audience to get the message of hopelessness and suffering by African Americans during that time. For example, the reader is introduced to the issue being talked about in the poem through the question “What happens to the dream deferred?” Then the idea is followed by a variety of probable feedbacks, which aim to improve the difficulties experienced for the Blacks to achieve the American Dream.

Towards the end, the reader can feel the impact of hate and lost hope just as the victims. Apart from showing these answers in an investigative way which creates a clear image of the situation, the author’s choice of words also makes it easier to pass his message. One can experience a repetitive and figurative effect based on this choice and use of words. Therefore, the reader gets to feel how the elements help in creating a vivid picture of the suffering in their mind and establish an emotional connection. The audience can understand each effect of the experiences African Americans were going through during the Harlem Reconnaissance.

Furthermore, “Harlem” also gives information regarding the struggles that African American communities were subjected to achieve their American Dream. The poem describes how they sustained mistreatment and overcame oppression and still managed to realize their dream (Annas and Rosen). “Harlem” enables the intended audiences to create a picture and visualize the struggles that sometimes people have to face to accomplish their objectives and goals in life.

Overall, “Harlem” has effectively utilized poetic devices to communicate Hughes’ message especially through the use of similes. Notably, this approach has enabled the author to protest about how African Americans were being mistreated by Whites. It gives its intended meaning to the target audience, by using styles such as imagery, rhetorical questions, repetitions, and rhyme. All these elements work together to ensure that the reader can feel every struggle experienced by the blacks. Precisely, the author has also made it possible to realize his idea based on several suggestive answers showing what is likely to happen when population groups cannot achieve their dreams compared to their counterparts.

Works Cited

Annas, Pamela J., and Rosen, Robert C. Literature and Society: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Nonfiction. 4th ed., Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2006.

Hughes, Langston, “Harlem.” Selected Poems of Langston Hughes, 1994.

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