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How many phonemes are in a word?
Despite there being just 26 letters in the English language there are approximately 44 unique sounds, also known as phonemes. The 44 sounds help distinguish one word or meaning from another. Various letters and letter combinations known as graphemes are used to represent the sounds.
How many phonemes are in the word ring?
| There are approximately 44 phonemes in English | ||
|---|---|---|
| ch | chip | watch |
| sh | ship | mission |
| zh | treasure | |
| ng | ring | sink |
How many phonemes are there?
The 44* Phonemes
Following is a list of the 44 phonemes along with the letters of groups of letters that represent those sounds.
How many phonemes are in the word bats?
For example, we say that BAT has three phonemes (and SPAT has 4) because it is a useful level of description. But if you record the word BAT you will find that that you cannot break the recording up into three discrete parts for the three phonemes.
How do you find phonemes?
To identify a phoneme, first look at the word and consider how many sounds are in the word. For example: the word hat has 3 phonemes: /h/ /a/ /t/. However, the word pitch also has 3 phonemes: /p/ /i/ /tch/, although it has more letters.
How many phonemes are in the word night?
The word “night” also has three phonemes, even though it has five letters, because the /igh/ makes one sound. So, it’s /n/ /igh/ /t/. Phonemes are about the sounds in words, not about the written letters.
How many phonemes are in the word bake?
One phoneme has the ability to change a word – not only in sound, but also in meaning. These two words – “bake” and “bait” – differ by just one phoneme. Now, the spellings of the words “bake” and “bait” differ by more than one letter, right? But, phonemes aren’t letters.
How many phonemes are in the word train?
Let’s use the word train as an example. That means the word train has 4 phonemes. As you can see in this example, it is very common for there to be more letters than sounds in a word.
How many phonemes are in the word crash?
Segmentation: means hearing the individual phonemes within a word – for instance the word ‘crash’ consists of four phonemes: ‘c – r – a – sh’.
How do you identify phonemes in words?
A Grapheme is a symbol used to identify a phoneme; it’s a letter or group of letters representing the sound. You use the letter names to identify Graphemes, like the “c” in car where the hard “c” sound is represented by the letter “c.” A two-letter Grapheme is in “team” where the “ea” makes a long “ee” sound.
What are phonemes in words?
Phonemes are the basic vocal gestures of a language, recycled to form all our spoken words. English has about 42 distinct phonemes. These 42 mouth moves compose the interchangeable parts from which all our spoken words are constructed.
How many phonemes are in the word Church?
The word church has 3 phonemes – ch – ur – ch.
How many phonemes are in the word shopping?
shopping has five phonemes: /sh/, /ooo/, /p/, /iii/, and /ng/
How many phonemes are in the word nest?
| 4 | bled, bred, fled, Fred, shred, sled, sped, smell, spell, swell, bend, lend, mend, send, tend, bent, cent, dent, rent, lent, sent, tent, went, best, nest, pest, rest, test, vest, west, chest, fret, bless, dress, press, left, help, next, weld |
|---|---|
| 5 | blend, spend, trend, spent, blest, stress, slept, crept |
| 6 | strength |
How many phonemes does Fox have?
‘Fox’ has three letters but four phonemes: /fɒks/. There are also lots of inconsistencies in how our spelling system represents phonemes. So, the ‘x’ in ‘fox’ represents at the same time both the /k/ and the /s/ in /fɒks/.
How do you know how many phonemes are in a word?
This is a very simple rule to count phonemes in a word. All you have to do is to select a word that you would be counting phonemes of. Then start pronouncing the word. Each time there is a movement inside your mouth, count it.
How many phonemes are in the word chick?
For example, the word chick is made up of three phonemes (/ch/ /i/ /k/*); it can be changed to the word pick by replacing /ch/ with /p/. Phoneme Isolation—The ability to identify the beginning, middle, and ending sounds in a word.
How many phonemes are in the word Fox?
‘Fox’ has three letters but four phonemes: /fɒks/. There are also lots of inconsistencies in how our spelling system represents phonemes. So, the ‘x’ in ‘fox’ represents at the same time both the /k/ and the /s/ in /fɒks/.
How many phonemes are in a word shape?
| Term phoneme blending | Definition putting individual sounds together to make a word example: /k/ /u/ /p/ = cup |
|---|---|
| Term 3 /sh/ /a/ /p/ | Definition how many phonemes (sounds) are in the word “shape” |
How many graphemes in the word timing? – Answers
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The 44 Phonemes in English
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Teaching phonemic awareness
Begin with assessment and then use playful individualized multisensory instruction
Final sounds on the 44 phonemes in English
Phonemes
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how many phonemes in the word timing
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- Summary of article content: Articles about how many phonemes in the word timing How to say timing with audio by Macmillan Dictionary. … phonemic chart to hear each symbol spoken, followed by an example of the sound in a word. …
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Timing – Pronunciation: HD Slow Audio + Phonetic Transcription
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Timing | 1093 pronunciations of Timing in British English
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How to count phonemes in spoken words – Bruce Murray, College of Education
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Speech Timing: Implications for Theories of Phonology, Phonetics, and Speech … – Alice Turk, Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel – Google Sách
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- Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Speech Timing: Implications for Theories of Phonology, Phonetics, and Speech … – Alice Turk, Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel – Google Sách Updating This book explores the nature of cognitive representations and processes in speech motor control, based primarily on evidence from speech timing. It engages with the key question of whether phonological representations are spatio-temporal, as in the Articulatory Phonology approach, or symbolic (atemporal and non-quantitative); this issue has fundamental implications for the architecture of the speech production planning system, particularly with regard to the number of planning components and the type of timing mechanisms. Alice Turk and Stefanie Shattuck-Hufnagel outline a number of arguments in favour of an alternative to the Articulatory Phonology/Task Dynamics model. They demonstrate that a different framework is needed to account for evidence from speech and non-speech timing behaviour, and specifically that three separate planning components must be posited: Phonological Planning, Phonetic Planning, and Motor-Sensory Implementation. The approach proposed in the book provides a clearer and more comprehensive account of what is known about motor timing in general and speech timing in particular. It will be of interest to phoneticians and phonologists from all theoretical backgrounds as well as to speech clinicians and technologists.
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Automatic Speech and Speaker Recognition: Large Margin and Kernel Methods – Google Sách
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how many phonemes in the word timing
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- Summary of article content: Articles about how many phonemes in the word timing Following is a list of the 44 phonemes along with the letters of groups of letters that represent those sounds. Phoneme. (speech sound). Graphemes**. …
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The 44 Phonemes in English
The 44 Phonemes in English
Despite there being just 26 letters in the English language there are approximately 44 unique sounds, also known as phonemes. The 44 sounds help distinguish one word or meaning from another. Various letters and letter combinations known as graphemes are used to represent the sounds.
The 44 English sounds fall into two categories: consonants and vowels. Below is a list of the 44 phonemes along with their International Phonetic Alphabet symbols and some examples of their use. Note that there is no such thing as a definitive list of phonemes because of accents, dialects and the evolution of language itself. Therefore you may discover lists with more or less than these 44 sounds.
Consonants Phoneme IPA Symbol Graphemes Examples Voiced? 1 b b, bb bug, bubble Yes 2 d d, dd, ed dad, add, milled Yes 3 f f, ff, ph, gh, lf, ft fat, cliff, phone, enough, half, often No 4 g g, gg, gh,gu,gue gun, egg, ghost, guest, prologue Yes 5 h h, wh hop, who No 6 dʒ j, ge, g, dge, di, gg jam, wage, giraffe, edge, soldier, exaggerate Yes 7 k k, c, ch, cc, lk, qu ,q(u), ck, x kit, cat, chris, accent, folk, bouquet, queen, rack, box No 8 l l, ll live, well Yes 9 m m, mm, mb, mn, lm man, summer, comb, column, palm Yes 10 n n, nn,kn, gn, pn, mn net, funny, know, gnat, pneumonic, mneumonic Yes 11 p p, pp pin, dippy No 12 r r, rr, wr, rh run, carrot, wrench, rhyme Yes 13 s s, ss, c, sc, ps, st, ce, se sit, less, circle, scene, psycho, listen, pace, course No 14 t t, tt, th, ed tip, matter, thomas, ripped No 15 v v, f, ph, ve vine, of, stephen, five Yes 16 w w, wh, u, o wit, why, quick, choir Yes 17 z z, zz, s, ss, x, ze, se zed, buzz, his, scissors, xylophone, craze Yes 18 ʒ s, si, z treasure, division, azure Yes 19 tʃ ch, tch, tu, ti, te chip, watch, future, action, righteous No 20 ʃ sh, ce, s, ci, si, ch, sci, ti sham, ocean, sure, special, pension, machine, conscience, station No 21 θ th thongs No 22 ð th leather Yes 23 ŋ ng, n, ngue ring, pink, tongue Yes 24 j y, i, j you, onion, hallelujah Yes What is the International Phonetic Alphabet? How can you pronounce a word you’ve never read? It can be a bit tricky. How about a word in a foreign language? Now that must be impossible! Or is it? Imagine a set of symbols that could tell you how to pronounce any word in any language on the planet? Well that is exactly what the International Phonetic Alphabet is. Currently, the IPA consists of 107 sound symbols, 52 diacritics (accents) and 4 prosodic marks (intonations) encompassing virtually every phoneme used in every language on the earth. So for any written word, you can identify the associated phoneme symbols, and with a bit of practice, pronounce the word! Congratulations, you can speak Greek now!
The IPA was created by the International Phonetic Association. Founded in 1886 in Paris, their original mission was to help school children pronounce words in foreign languages and to aid in the teaching of reading. Today their mission is to promote the scientific study of phonetics.
Vowels
Phoneme IPA Symbol Graphemes Examples 25 æ a, ai, au cat, plaid, laugh 26 eɪ a, ai, eigh, aigh, ay, er, et, ei, au, a_e, ea, ey bay, maid, weigh, straight, pay, foyer, filet, eight, gauge, mate, break, they 27 e e, ea, u, ie, ai, a, eo, ei, ae end, bread, bury, friend, said, many, leopard, heifer, aesthetic 28 i: e, ee, ea, y, ey, oe, ie, i, ei, eo, ay be, bee, meat, lady, key, phoenix, grief, ski, deceive, people, quay 29 ɪ i, e, o, u, ui, y, ie it, england, women, busy, guild, gym, sieve 30 aɪ i, y, igh, ie, uy, ye, ai, is, eigh, i_e spider, sky, night, pie, guy, stye, aisle, island, height, kite 31 ɒ a, ho, au, aw, ough swan, honest, maul, slaw, fought 32 oʊ o, oa, o_e, oe, ow, ough, eau, oo, ew open, moat, bone, toe, sow, dough, beau, brooch, sew 33 ʊ o, oo, u,ou wolf, look, bush, would 34 ʌ u, o, oo, ou lug, monkey, blood, double 35 u: o, oo, ew, ue, u_e, oe, ough, ui, oew, ou who, loon, dew, blue, flute, shoe, through, fruit, manoeuvre, group 36 ɔɪ oi, oy, uoy join, boy, buoy 37 aʊ ow, ou, ough now, shout, bough 38 ə a, er, i, ar, our, ur about, ladder, pencil, dollar, honour, augur 39 eəʳ air, are, ear, ere, eir, ayer chair, dare, pear, where, their, prayer 40 ɑ: a arm 41 ɜ:ʳ ir, er, ur, ear, or, our, yr bird, term, burn, pearl, word, journey, myrtle 42 ɔ: aw, a, or, oor, ore, oar, our, augh, ar, ough, au paw, ball, fork, poor, fore, board, four, taught, war, bought, sauce 43 ɪəʳ ear, eer, ere, ier ear, steer, here, tier 44 ʊəʳ ure, our cure, tourist
Teaching phonemic awareness
Knowing that phonemic awareness is a critical skill and being able to effectively teach it are two different things. The book 50 Reading Strategies for K-8 Learners (Sage Publications) suggests 5 guidelines for phonemic awareness instruction:
Analysis of phonemic awareness assessment data should drive instruction, as only a small percentage of students need explicit instruction (Ehri & Roberts, 2006). Phonemic awareness instruction should be a positive, enriching experience that allows students to engage in language play (Yopp, 1992). Effective phonemic awareness instruction provides for individual differences in abilities and uses leveled scaffolding to facilitate growth (McGee & Ukrainetz, 2009). Developmentally appropriate phonemic awareness instruction uses chants, poetry, songs, and rhymes to engage students’ curiosity about language and to develop metalinguistic awareness (Yopp & Yopp, 2000). Effective phonemic awareness instruction explicitly labels sounds and demonstrates the process of blending-segmenting of sounds (Ehri et al., 2001).
Begin with assessment and then use playful, individualized, multisensory instruction
Consistent with all the researched advice on teaching phonemic awareness above, educational therapist and author Dr. Erica Warren, believes that the key to successfully teaching the 44 phonemes in English is assessment, followed by individualized, multi-sensory instruction. She has developed a helpful assessment tool and a number of fun, effective instruction/remediation tools for helping young readers master the essential sounds of the English language. And she created a custom bundle of tools just for Reading Well parents and professional visitors at a special discounted price. The bundle includes an easy to administer assessment tool and over 50 fun, multisensory games and activities which children love. We suggest you check it out.
Final sounds on the 44 phonemes in English
The difficulty people with dyslexia have in distinguishing phonemes is most clearly revealed in their poor spelling. While any phoneme can be a challenge, some are more problematic than others. The vowels and digraphs generally present more difficulty than the consonants, although any sound can present difficulty depending on the particular word and phrase in which it resides.
Good luck and good reading!
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How to count phonemes in spoken words – Bruce Murray, College of Education
How to Count Phonemes in Spoken Words
Phonemes are the basic vocal gestures of a language, recycled to form all our spoken words. English has about 42 distinct phonemes. These 42 mouth moves compose the interchangeable parts from which all our spoken words are constructed.
In talking about phonemes as distinct from letters, we symbolize them with Roman letters inside slash marks, for example, /t/. Since diacritical marks are hard to type, I try to use the most common spelling of the phoneme as a symbol, for example, /ch/ for the first sound in chair. For the short vowels, I use lowercase letters (e.g., /a/ as in hat), and for the long vowels, I use capitals (e.g., /A/ as in rain). Letters are italicized without slash marks around them.
Here’s a challenge: What words could we make using all four of these phonemes: /a/, /k/, /s/, and /t/? Note that you don’t have to use the letters a, k, s, and t. For example, the word asked is made from these phonemes (/a/s/k/t/). Counting homonyms, I found 13 different words constructed of these phonemes in different orders.
[Scroll down for answers.]Reading teachers must have expert ability to count phonemes because they must help children connect letters to phonemes in phonics and spelling work. However, counting phonemes is surprisingly hard in English because there is rarely a neat one-to-one match between phonemes and letters.
Also, phonemes are pronounced with amazing speed, enabling us to communicate our thoughts rapidly. How fast can you say, “He stuck in his thumb and pulled out a plum”? That takes me about 3 seconds to say normally. That sentence contains 28 phonemes. That means I am saying over 9 phonemes every second!
Let’s try counting a couple of words for starters. How many phonemes in rich? How many in pitch?
Rich has 3 phonemes, even though it has 4 letters. The combination ch stands for the mouth move /ch/ at the beginning of chop. But pitch also has 3 phonemes; you can tell because it rhymes with rich. Don’t be fooled by the tch spelling, which represents /ch/ after most short vowels.
Two kinds of spellings get teachers messed up: digraphs and clusters.
A digraph is a multi-letter spelling (usually 2 letters) for a single phoneme. Digraphs can be consonants (ck, ll, tch, ng) or vowels (ee, ew, igh, ow). Either way, the combination stands for one mouth move.
The digraph ng can fool some people. The ng combination directs you to move the back of your tongue against the roof of your mouth to block the air; as you make a sound in your throat, the air comes out of your nose in a kind of humming. Try it. You will find it is distinctly different from /n/ (made with the front of your tongue) and /g/, which is an explosive sound rather than a humming.
The digraph ow can also be a fooler. It can be pronounced /O/ or /ow/, and in both cases our mouths travel as we say it; our lips move toward a kissing shape, which is the starting position for the phoneme /w/. But /w/ is only found at the beginning of syllables. Thus, whether ow represents /O/ or /ow/, it stands for a single phoneme.
Consonant clusters (a.k.a. blends) (dr, pl, st, spl, nk) are combinations of single consonants pronounced in a rapid sequence. Each consonant retains its distinctive mouth move, but sometimes the individual phonemes are blurred a bit to make a smooth sequence. For example, the /d/ and /r/ at the beginning of drive, when clustered, veer toward /jr/, which is how they sometimes appear in children’s invented spellings.
In counting consonant clusters, you must break the cluster into separate phonemes to get an accurate count. A common problem in counting phonemes is failing to split clusters into separate phonemes, thus getting an undercount.
The trickiest clusters seem to be those involving the phonemes /r/ and /l/, which are common in many consonant clusters. Note the tongue and lip positions for /r/ and the tongue position for /l/ behind the upper front teeth.
A good strategy in distinguishing a digraph from a cluster is to stretch it. No matter how slowly you say a digraph, it is still one mouth move. But by stretching a cluster, you should be able to identify its individual mouth moves and count each one.
Let’s examine the word stretch. If you elongate the beginning of the word, you should find three separate phonemes, /s/, /t/, and /r/.
If you can recognize digraphs and clusters, you’ll be able to count phonemes successfully.
Exercise #1: Write down each of these words, count the phonemes, and then check your answers:
hat knock bring through strict
[Scroll down for answers.]If you had any trouble, let’s take another look at digraphs and clusters.
Before I go further, I’m going to introduce a useful term: grapheme. A grapheme could be either a single letter or a digraph. It is a letter or letter combination that represents a single phoneme within a word. A grapheme is a spelling of a phoneme.
Digraphs are graphemes spelled with more than one letter, usually two. We need many digraphs because English has more phonemes (42) than letters (26).
Our most popular consonant digraphs in English involve the letter h: ch, ph, sh, and th. Other digraphs have silent letters, for example, kn, wr, and ck. Let me remind you once again about the trickiest of digraphs: ng. Say sing. Say the last phoneme in sing. Feel where your tongue is? That is ng‘s mouth move. We spell the same phoneme with the grapheme n before k in words like think and bank.
Most vowel combinations are digraphs. All the long vowels commonly use digraph spellings in one-syllable words, e.g., brain, speak, speed, fight, float, glow, shoot.
I’m going to count phonemes in some words for you, explaining my thinking.
I’ll start with chop. Stretching it out, I find /ch/, /o/, and /p/, 3 phonemes. The ch is a digraph.
I’ll try shy. The sh is a digraph, so /sh/I/ has just two phonemes.
One more: throat. The th is a digraph, so it counts as one. Also, oa is a vowel digraph. Stretching throat, I find /th/r/O/t/, 4 phonemes.
Exercise #2: Your turn to count phonemes in words with digraphs. Write down each of these words, count the phonemes, and then check your answers:
block sting wreck slink spring
[Scroll down for answers.]Clusters are blends of consonants that can be separated, but resist separation. Clusters always blend together either 2 or 3 phonemes.
Here’s a helpful rule for counting the phonemes in clusters: If you can break ’em up, do break ’em up. You can’t break digraphs like /sh/ because they represent one single mouth move. Slow it down all day, and your mouth is still just doing one thing. But slow down a cluster, and you’ll find a succession of mouth moves.
Many clusters involve l (bl, cl, fl), r (fr, gr, pr), and s (sp, st, sw). Some people say the phoneme /l/ sounds like a flying saucer: /lll/. Others compare its sound to a blender: /lll/. Stretch these words and listen for /l/: flop; splash. As you say those words slowly, you should hear that blender at work.
Let me count a couple of words with /l / clusters for you. Flop is first. Stretch it out: ffflllo-o-op. Hear the blender? My mouth is making 4 moves: /f/l/o/p/. Wouldn’t it be nice if every word with 4 letters had 4 phonemes?
Let’s try splash. It starts with 3 consonants clustered together: /s/p/l/. Then comes the vowel /a/, and a final phoneme /sh/, spelled with a digraph, sh. Count ’em up: /s/p/l/a/sh/ — 5 phonemes.
The phoneme /r/ sounds like a chainsaw, /rrr/. Others say it sounds like a growling dog, /rrr/. Say these words and listen for /r/: bring; grape. You have to growl a little as you say each word.
I’ll count a couple of words with /r/ clusters for you. Stretch out bring, brrriiing. I detect /b/, /rrr/– there’s that growling dog. /b/r/i/ng/, 4 phonemes. Don’t be fooled by that tricky ng digraph.
Let’s count the phonemes in grape. Stretch it, /grrrAAAp/. /g/rrr/ — there’s the growly one. /g/r/A/p/. 4 phonemes.
One other common phoneme in clusters is /s/, an easy one to spot because it makes a distinct sound like air leaking out of a flat tire.
I’ll count the phonemes in slow. Stretching it, /sssllllOOO/. Easy, /s/, /l/, and /O/ for 3.
Here’s a harder one: sprout. Stretching that cluster, /sssprrr/, 3 so far. If you can break ’em up, do break ’em up. What’s left? /ou/t/, 2 more, for a total of 5.
Exercise #3: Count how many phonemes are in these words:
dream glow sweet spread slice
[Scroll down for answers.]Digraphs and blends are often found together.
Exercise #4: How many phonemes are in these words?
branch string speech shrink thrash
[Scroll down for answers.]More Help Learning to Count Phonemes
Now make a chart of the phonemes. Print out the phoneme chart below and fill in all the phonemes you can think of. I’ve started you out with some examples.
Phoneme Chart
Consonants always involve some friction. You can stretch continuants like /f/ and hold them until you run out of air. In contrast, stops like /t/ are made by blocking off air and then releasing it with a mini-explosion.
With voiced phonemes like /l/, you make sound with your vocal cords. With unvoiced phonemes like /k/, you don’t use your vocal cords. Fricatives are continuants like /s/ that leak air. Nasals are continuants like /m/ where the air comes out your nose.
Vowels are really different mouth shapes we make as we vocalize. Long vowels are the sounds of letter names like /A/. Short vowels can be spelled with one letter. The short vowel sounds are found at the beginning of each word in this sentence: “Ask Ed if odd’s up.” They are difficult vowels to recognize because they are defined by relatively slight differences in the shape of the mouth. Other vowels like /oi/ are neither long nor short. Most of them are diphthongs, meaning that your mouth changes shape as you are saying them.
Now add all the phonemes you can come up with to the map. You can get ideas by clicking here: http://www.auburn.edu/rdggenie/spellings.html
Answers: Mapping the 42 English Phonemes
Phoneme Chart Answers
Ready for more practice? Now that you’ve identified phonemes, it should be easier to spot them in words and include them in your count. Remember that some phonemes are spelled with 2- or 3-letter digraphs. In other cases, several consonants are blended quickly in a cluster. If you can break them up, do break them up.
Exercise #5: Count the phonemes in the following words.
cloud stretch trunk brush paste
train stamp plow
[Scroll down for answers.]Remember why accurate phoneme counting is so crucial: In phonics and spelling lessons, teachers help children link the phonemes in spoken words to the graphemes in written words. If your phoneme count is not accurate, you cannot help children understand and remember spellings. In this case, most children will try to memorize spellings, which is much, much more difficult.
Final Exam: Count the phonemes in the following words.
ten bath best shoot stripe truck show
and threw beach state high splash
[Scroll down for answers.]Answers to the Exercises
Puzzle Answer
Words with /a/k/s/t/: cast, caste, tacks, tax, sacked, task, scat, skat, stack, asked, axed, acts, cats
Answers to Exercise #1
hat — 3 (/h/a/t/)
knock — 3 (/n/o/k/)
bring — 4 (/b/r/i/ng/)
through — 3 (/th/r/U/)
strict — 6 (/s/t/r/i/k/t/)
Answers to Exercise #2
block — 4 (/b/l/o/k/)
sting — 4 (/s/t/i/ng/) Watch out for digraph ng!
wreck — 3 (/r/e/k/)
slink — 5 (/s/l/i/n/k/)
spring — 5 (/s/p/r/i/ng/)
Answers to Exercise #3
dream — 4 (/d/r/E/m/)
glow — 3 (/g/l/O/)
sweet — 4 (/s/w/E/t/)
spread — 5 (/s/p/r/e/d/)
slice — 4 (/s/l/I/s/)
Answers to Exercise #4
branch (5 — /b/r/a/n/ch/)
string (5 — /s/t/r/i/ng). Catch that ng digraph?
speech (4 — /s/p/E/ch/)
shrink (5 — /sh/r/i/ng/k/)
thrash (4 — /th/r/a/sh/)
Answers to Exercise #5
cloud — 4 (/k/l/ou/d/)
stretch — 5 (/s/t/r/e/ch/)
trunk — 5 (/t/r/u/ng/k/)
brush — 4 (/b/r/u/sh/)
paste — 4 (/p/A/s/t/)
train — 4 (/t/r/A/n/)
stamp — 5 (/s/t/a/m/p/)
plow — 3 (/p/l/ow/)
Answers to Final Exam
ten — 3 (/t/e/n/)
bath — 3 (/b/a/th/)
best — 4 (/b/e/s/t/)
shoot — 3 (/sh/U/t/)
stripe — 5 (/s/t/r/I/p/)
truck — 4 (/t/r/u/k/)
show — 2 (/sh/O/)
and — 3 (/a/n/d/)
threw — 3 (/th/r/U/)
beach — 3 (/b/E/ch/)
state — 4 (/s/t/A/t/)
high — 2 (/h/I/)
splash — 5 (/s/p/l/a/sh/)
How’d you do?
13 right — You’re ready to teach phonics and spelling. You’re a phoneme counting expert!
11-12 right — A little review and you’ll have it done. You’ve almost got it.
8-10 right — Go back and read about digraphs and clusters, and then try the exercises again. Good start.
0-7 right — Don’t give up. This time, make your own phoneme map. Afterwards, read though the examples and try the exercises again.
Return to the Reading Genie homepage.
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