Top 35 How Much Does A Trained Dolphin Cost The 199 Correct Answer

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Sales of dolphins to Japanese aquariums net slightly less profit, with trained dolphins going for an estimated $20,000-$30,000 each, according to sources in Japan.Juvenile dolphins up to age 5 are valued at $50,000 to $100,000, he said. Adults up to age 30, covering the peak breeding years, are worth $100,000 to $200,000.When an individual or marine facility wants to capture or import a dolphin, they must first submit an application to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). The NMFS will then refer the application to its Marine Mammal Commission for review and posting in the “Federal Register”.

How much does it cost to buy dolphin?

Juvenile dolphins up to age 5 are valued at $50,000 to $100,000, he said. Adults up to age 30, covering the peak breeding years, are worth $100,000 to $200,000.

Can u buy a dolphin?

When an individual or marine facility wants to capture or import a dolphin, they must first submit an application to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). The NMFS will then refer the application to its Marine Mammal Commission for review and posting in the “Federal Register”.

Are dolphins expensive?

While the first 240 dolphins in Mexican parks were caught by local fishermen who were paid several hundred dollars for each animal, 81 dolphins also came from Cuba, selling for around $50,000 each.

How much is a dolphin’s IQ?

The La Plata dolphin has an EQ of approximately 1.67; the Ganges river dolphin of 1.55; the orca of 2.57; the bottlenose dolphin of 4.14; and the tucuxi dolphin of 4.56; In comparison to other animals, elephants have an EQ ranging from 1.13 to 2.36; chimpanzees of approximately 2.49; dogs of 1.17; cats of 1.00; and …

Is talking to dolphin illegal?

The U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act says it is illegal to “feed or approach dolphins in the wild,” according to National Geographic. Penalties include jail time and fines of $100,000, National Geographic reported.

Is it illegal to pet a dolphin?

involve closely approaching, interacting, or attempting to interact with whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, or sea lions in the wild. This includes attempting to swim with, pet, touch, or elicit a reaction from the animals. to $100,000 in fines and up to one year in jail per violation.

Do dolphins bite?

Truly wild dolphins will bite when they are angry, frustrated, or afraid. They are disturbed when people try to swim with them.

How big is a newborn dolphin?

Calves are born between 39 and 53 inches long, and weigh between 22 to 44 pounds of pure underwater adorableness. How long does a baby bottlenose dolphin stay with its mother?

Is it legal to breed dolphins in captivity?

In February 2021, the New South Wales government introduced a prohibition on the importation and breeding of captive cetaceans (including dolphins) unless for conservation purposes.

How much does a dolphin cost in India?

Sea Dolphin Fish at Rs 250/kilogram | Tardeo | Asangaon| ID: 20812221762.

Which animal has highest IQ?

1: Chimpanzee

Topping our list of smartest animals is another great ape, the chimpanzee. The impressive intellectual abilities of this animal have long fascinated humans.

What’s an elephants IQ?

The average EQ is 2.14 for Asian elephants, and 1.67 for African, with the overall average being 1.88.

Who has the highest IQ ever?

Marilyn Vos Savant (IQ – 228)

Louis, Missouri in 1946 when Marilyn Vos Savant was 10 years old, in an adult level Stanford-Binet Test found out that her IQ is 228. Due to this record-breaking result, her name was recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records.

What is the price of dolphin in India?

Sea Dolphin Fish at Rs 250/kilogram | Tardeo | Asangaon| ID: 20812221762.

Can we buy dolphin in India?

Cetaceans (dolphin or porpoise), penguins, otters and manatees are banned according to the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. It is also prohibited to keep or sell a few species of endangered fish. India might be known for snake charmers but it is illegal to own any native wildlife snake species here.

What do dolphins taste like?

Cooked dolphin meat has a flavor very similar to beef liver. Dolphin meat is high in mercury, and may pose a health danger to humans when consumed. Ringed seals were once the main food staple for the Inuit. They are still an important food source for the people of Nunavut and are also hunted and eaten in Alaska.

Do dolphins bite?

Truly wild dolphins will bite when they are angry, frustrated, or afraid. They are disturbed when people try to swim with them.


Why are sharks afraid of dolphins?
Why are sharks afraid of dolphins?


What Motivates Taiji Hunt? $1.2 Million For Captive Dolphins, Not Tradition – The Dodo

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What Motivates Taiji Hunt? $1.2 Million For Captive Dolphins, Not Tradition - The Dodo
What Motivates Taiji Hunt? $1.2 Million For Captive Dolphins, Not Tradition – The Dodo

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Captive mammals can net big profits for exhibitors – Sun Sentinel

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Captive mammals can net big profits for exhibitors – Sun Sentinel
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U.S. Dolphin Regulations | World Animal Protection

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The real cost of swimming with dolphins

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    The real cost of swimming with dolphins
    Updating Swimming with dolphins is a highly sought after tourist activity at marine parks across the world but the cost to the environment and the animals’ welfare is great. Death and disease in captive animals is high and the suffering caused by lifetime confinement and separation from their families is incalculable. Swimming with wild cetaceans as well as viewing from boats, while a more acceptable alternative to encounters with captive animals, has its own attendant costs. Experts gathered at South Padre Island, Texas, USA, on 9-10 November to draw up guidelines for more responsible marine wildlife viewing.news, wildlife, marine environments, dolphins, environmental impact, biodiversity, conservation, Mexico, New Zealand
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	The real cost of swimming with dolphins
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Cetacean intelligence – Wikipedia

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Cetacean intelligence - Wikipedia
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Error 403 (Forbidden)

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How Much Does A Dolphin Cost

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 How Much Does A Dolphin Cost
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Captive mammals can net big profits for exhibitors – Sun Sentinel

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Captive mammals can net big profits for exhibitors – Sun Sentinel
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How much does a dolphin cost? – NCERT POINT

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Dolphins For Sale

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How much does a dolphin cost July 2022

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How much does a bottlenose dolphin cost? | Archive More

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Dolphin Care Facts – Dolphin Research Center

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  • Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Dolphin Care Facts – Dolphin Research Center In addition to the cost of our animals’ care and training, our research currently costs approximately $150,000 a year, including equipment, materials, … The welfare of the animals is Dolphin Research Center’s priority. Learn about the cost of care and research and discover how to help DRC continue to provide care to our animals.Animal welfare, dolphins, sea lions, marine mammal care Dolphin trainer, DRC careers, Job opportunities, Dolphin Intelligence, Dolphin Cognition, Dolphin Swim, Adopt a dolphin, Dolphin gifts, dolphin swim florida keys, Swim with Dolphin, dolphin education, dolphins marathon florida, dolphin research center, dolphins, marine mammals, non-profit facility, manatee, adventure travel, marine mammal research, ecotourism, environmental education, conservation
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At Japan’s dolphin hunt in Taiji, a struggle between local traditions and global anger – The Washington Post

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At Japan’s dolphin hunt in Taiji, a struggle between local traditions and global anger - The Washington Post
At Japan’s dolphin hunt in Taiji, a struggle between local traditions and global anger – The Washington Post

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What Motivates Taiji Hunt? $1.2 Million For Captive Dolphins, Not Tradition

When you understand the profits involved in the Taiji Dolphin hunt, you can see that there are millions of reasons the Taiji Fishery Union and the Taiji dolphin brokers are determined to keep the drive hunt going despite international condemnation.

According to official trade figures, in 2013 Japan exported 78 dolphins to five different countries. And the sales price the Taiji Whale Museum got per dolphin was in the range of $41,600-$47,746 (at the current yen/dollar exchange rate) for a trained dolphin, with Chinese buyers getting the best deal (Russian buyers might want to revisit their negotiating strategy). The twenty untrained dolphins that went to Ukraine brought in $10,134 each, less than a quarter of the price of a trained dolphin. Sales of dolphins to Japanese aquariums net slightly less profit, with trained dolphins going for an estimated $20,000-$30,000 each, according to sources in Japan.

It is believed that the Taiji Fishery Union (which does the hunting, capturing and killing), sells the dolphins they select to the brokers operating in Taiji for about $8,000 per dolphin. Sale of a dead dolphin for meat nets in the range of hundreds of dollars. So, for the fishermen and their union, a captured dolphin for the display industry is worth roughly ten times as much as a dead dolphin for the meat industry.

That is a massive financial incentive (created by marine park demand for dolphins), both to continue the Taiji dolphin drive hunt as well as to sell as many live display dolphins as possible to Taiji’s local dolphin brokers. According to Ceta-Base and Whale and Dolphin Conservation, 247 Taiji dolphins were sold for display in aquariums over the course of the 2012-2013 drive season. Crunching the numbers, that is an estimated $2 million in revenue for the Taiji Fishery Union, plus whatever they brought in through dead dolphin meat sales. And it means a very rough estimate of $7 million-plus in revenues for Taiji’s dolphin brokers.

The 2013-2014 is on track to be very profitable, too. According to Ceta-Base, during the current Taiji drive hunt season, which has perhaps a month to go, 155 dolphins have been taken captive for sale to the display industry so far. Even if no more dolphins are taken captive this season, capturing live dolphins has netted an estimated $1.24 million in revenue for the fishermen, and roughly $5 million in revenues for the brokers.

Captive mammals can net big profits for exhibitors

Few animals, wild or domestic, have the money-earning draw of marine mammals. A single dolphin can generate $1 million a year.

A South Florida Sun-Sentinel investigation found that everyone involved benefits, from Third World fishermen who catch dolphins, to the Cuban government that sells them and cash-poor Caribbean nations that win tourists because of them, to marine parks that can collect $50 or more for every visitor.

Dolphins and whales have become so valuable that parks can use them as collateral for loans. They’re worth money even dead, bringing their owners million-dollar life insurance payouts. Facilities write heartfelt obituaries that can bring in sympathy letters and donations.

“Sunset Sam was God’s sunshine for us all, and his sun warmed many lives,” Clearwater Marine Aquarium’s executive director wrote to local media when the dolphin died in 2001. “His memory and the gifts he gave the world in general and each individual who ever saw him will outlive us all.”

Behind all this is a centuries-old fascination with sea animals.

“Marine mammals, for some reason, have developed this magical mystique,” said Brad Andrews, senior vice president of zoological operations for SeaWorld’s parent company, Busch Entertainment Corp. “It’s just sort of a love relationship that people have, and marine mammals seem to be special.”

Also enormously valuable.

Atlantic bottlenose dolphins captured for display in the 1960s sold for $300. Now, they command $100,000 or more. Two years ago, SeaWorld bought nine dolphins from Marineland of Florida, paying $130,000 each, Andrews said.

A decade ago, SeaWorld bought a killer whale and paid $875,000. Today, the animals are worth upward of $5 million.

“It’s huge business,” said Mitchel Kalmanson, a marine mammal appraiser in Maitland in central Florida. “Everybody wants in.”

SeaWorld contributed to the vast popularity of dolphins and whales, Andrews said.

“People used to say, ‘Well, they’re highly intelligent,’ which isn’t really true. Different writers and the mystery of the sea have created these animals into something more than they really are,” he said.

“They’re no more smarter than your dog or cat or anything else, but people want to think that.” Dolphins help support Fidel Castro’s communist economy.

Cuba has emerged ahead of Russia as the world’s leading bottlenose dolphin exporter, capturing and selling at least 140 since 1995 to marine attractions in nine countries, including Mexico, Argentina and Israel, according to international marine mammal export records. Demand is so great that Cuba now has a two-year waiting list.

Dolphin entrepreneurs and others familiar with the Cuban trade described how it works: Buyers contact the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment and specify the age and gender of the dolphins they want. If aquariums in Havana and Santiago have no dolphins that match, divers and fishermen from the National Aquarium, where revolutionary leader Ché Guevara’s daughter Celia is a veterinarian, head out to sea.

Last year, the aquarium sought approval under an international treaty on marine mammal trade to catch 15 dolphins out of a wild population along the north central coast it estimates at 300, said Maida Montolio, the aquarium’s vice director. She referred questions on price to agencies under the science ministry that arrange the dolphin sales and exports.

“Every year, the price goes up,” said Stefan Meister, whose family owns Dolphin Encounters in the Bahamas and Ocean World in the Dominican Republic. “Right now, it’s probably about $100,000.”

Dolphin sales help pay for animal medication, new construction and seminars abroad for veterinarians and staff, Montolio said.

“Our policy is that if an institution has the equipx ment, the technicians, the conditions and installations to give the dolphins a proper life, I think it helps raise people’s awareness,” she said. “If you don’t know something, you can’t love it and much less protect it.”

This policy hasn’t always worked smoothly.

In 1995, Cuba traded four dolphins to a traveling circus in Chile for 10 sea lions. Only one dolphin, Menique, survived the trip.

“These clowns had no idea what they were doing and ended up killing three out of four,” said Lloyd Brown of Miami, who was sent by an animal welfare group to rescue the surviving dolphin. “Menique spent the next two years alone” in a municipal swimming pool, where visitors paid 75 cents each to see him.

By the time Brown arrived in 1996, the pool’s filters had stopped working.

“He had to come to the surface just for me to see him,” Brown said. “He was emaciated. I could see his ribs and spine.”

Brown brought Menique back to Cuba where the dolphin lived another year.

Montolio said she disapproved of the Chilean buyers and only found out later that they arranged a deal through another Cuban aquarium. “It took me very few minutes to realize that those men had no notion of how to handle an aquarium or the sensibility to handle animals in an aquarium,” she said.

“We decided we would not capture dolphins for them or export to them. One day I found out another Cuban institution made a deal with them. It was catastrophic what they did to that animal in Chile.”

A multimillion-dollar international trade in marine mammals continues to prosper.

Cruise ship passengers and other tourists can now swim with dolphins at more than 30 marine attractions throughout the Caribbean, double the number that existed five years ago.

Ocean World, a new $25 million park in Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic, promised more than 30 dolphins in “the world’s largest dolphin lagoon” when it opened last year. The park bought dolphins from Cuba, employees said, and hired Florida fisherman Harvey Hamilton to catch up to 16 more off the Dominican coast.

Hamilton, who captured Florida dolphins for marine parks in the 1960s and 1970s, said his contract called for $22,000 a month and $8,000 for every dolphin caught — as much as $200,000 for three months’ work.

Nearly every day, Hamilton, a boat captain near Fort Myers, and his crew of Dominican fishermen scouted the waters but never spotted a dolphin.

“It’s a dead sea,” Hamilton said. “The water is filthy.”

Demand for dolphins in the Caribbean is so great that buyers are offering increasingly larger sums. Adan Zurbia, who runs a Mexican swim-with-the-dolphins company, Via Delphi, said he could sell a dolphin calf for $400,000.

Once a deal is reached, marine mammals are shipped by plane or truck, sometimes across continents. Dolphins, sea lions and seals from the United States have wound up in Cambodia, Singapore and Switzerland, federal records show.

This thriving international trade has created business offshoots:

A handful of insurers offer transport and “animal mortality” insurance to protect the owners’ investments.

Kalmanson, the marine mammal appraiser, has devised a formula for determining a dolphin’s insurance value.

Captive-bred and female dolphins are worth more. He factors in breeding record, training, history of swimming with people, and physical condition of the facility where an animal is to be kept. Poorly kept facilities can lead to earlier deaths.

Juvenile dolphins up to age 5 are valued at $50,000 to $100,000, he said. Adults up to age 30, covering the peak breeding years, are worth $100,000 to $200,000.

Premiums, usually paid annually, range from 4 to 15 percent of the animal’s value. The insurance covers death due to accidents or disease.

Kalmanson frequently oversees the risky marine mammal transports. Gravity from being out of the water can crush a whale’s or dolphin’s organs. Cabin pressure, improper temperature or handling can bring on illness or death.

Kalmanson gives the animals Yunnan Baiyao capsules, a Chinese remedy to prevent or stop bleeding, 12 to 24 hours before they travel.

“The dolphin freaks out and moves their fluke a lot,” he said. “A lot can go wrong. We get a lot of overheating.”

Moby Solangi of Gulfport, Miss., found a niche leasing dolphins and sea lions to zoos and parks that lack the expertise or money to buy their own.

A contract between the Oklahoma City Zoological Trust and Solangi’s firm, Marine Animal Productions Inc., shows how marine mammals are treated as commodities.

The company agreed to provide three show-ready dolphins and two sea lions trained to perform certain tricks or substitute “behaviors of equal or superior appeal.” The firm also agreed to provide backup animals as needed, unless the zoo was responsible for a death.

Then, both sides agreed to “mitigate the loss through mutual discussion and/or arbitration” while the zoo continued paying — $16,750 a month.

Marine parks would not tell the Sun-Sentinel their revenue or profit figures. But documents the newspaper obtained and simple math indicate the vast moneymaking potential.

Once a dolphin is acquired, overhead is about $500 a day. That covers “food, care [dolphin staff salaries], water, salt, sewer, power, salaries for tech/life support personnel,” said Michael Hutchins, director of science and conservation at the American Zoo and Aquarium Association.

A dolphin at a swim attraction generates up to $3,000 a day, or $1 million a year, Kalmanson said.

Adan Zurbia said, “If you want to make a good business, you can do it. With six dolphins, you can make $1 million in profit a year.”

That’s why Dolphins Plus owner Rick Borguss says he’s watched lots of competition come into the dolphin swim business his Key Largo facility pioneered 20 years ago. “They saw there was a demand. They’re making millions of dollars. It’s got to be $500 million plus a year, just the swims.”

At the peak tourist season in the spring, Dolphin Encounters in the Bahamas has a two-month waiting list, said owner Meister. Tourists pay $145 for a half hour with two dolphins, up to 10 swimmers per group.

“We could probably sell 10 times that amount, but we don’t want to stress the animals,” Meister said.

Marine parks continue to offer new kinds of encounters.

At least four Florida parks now offer “dolphin-assisted therapy,” selling hope and a unique experience to accident victims, traumatized Vietnam veterans, and patients with autism, Down syndrome or cancer. The therapy is more than $2,000 a week.

SeaWorld has been a leader in marketing its animals.

Orlando visitors can pay to feed the park’s dolphins. “The feed booth will only stay open as long as there are fish available,” a SeaWorld employee announced at a recent visit as guests lined up to buy trays of fish for $4 each at the dolphin petting pool.

SeaWorld San Antonio boasts it is one of the few places in the world where visitors, for $125 plus admission, can “get up close” in the water with a beluga whale.

“Our guests have told us over the years that they come to our parks because they want to get close to the animals, they want to learn about the animals,” said SeaWorld’s Andrews. “They want to get in the water with them.”

For $250, visitors can shadow a trainer for half a day, or for $32, “dine with Shamu” backstage.

SeaWorld set out to create the ultimate in a “tropical paradise,” opening Discovery Cove in 2000, across the street from SeaWorld Orlando.

Adult visitors pay $249 plus tax during peak tourist months for admission, a 30-minute swim with a dolphin, and lunch, parking and admission to a second amusement park. The company caps attendance at 1,000 a day, a maximum it has achieved many times. About three-quarters of the visitors swim with the dolphins, Andrews said.

During a visit in February, one of the park’s slow months, each half hour as many as eight groups of people waded into the three lagoons to pet and touch dolphins. Each group consisted of one dolphin, six to eight visitors, two trainers, and two SeaWorld photographers.

When finished, a trainer escorted the group to a pavilion to view photos the employees had taken. An 8-by-10 sold for $30, a video for $60 and a CD of five photos for $100.

Joyce Delboccio, a computer programmer from New York, spent about $350 on her dolphin swim and mementos.”Worth every nickel,” she said. “It was wonderful, wonderful. Can’t wait to do it again.”

Earlier this year, Miami Seaquarium began heavily promoting its “Swim with the Dolphins experience,” with street banners and advertisements promising guests will “never forget your first kiss!”

The Seaquarium planned a new $17 million whale and dolphin exhibit, including a stadium for its star, Lolita, the killer whale, counting on her to generate millions more in revenue, according to documents the park provided Miami-Dade County.

The park estimated attendance would increase by 100,000 and revenues by $2.5 million the first year after completion. The Seaquarium agreed to put up its marine mammals as collateral on a loan to finance the project. The lender also asked that the park turn over a $1 million life insurance policy on Lolita, the records show.

At the Seaquarium’s request last year, the county, which owns the property it is on, backed up to $5 million of the loan by agreeing that if park revenue fell short, lease payments to the county would be deferred in favor of the lender.

“The site and business have great potential for revenue and profit growth,” said a Seaquarium summary of the construction project.

The Seaquarium declined to answer questions about its financing but said in a statement to the Sun-Sentinel that the construction plans are on hold.

“We were close to breaking ground on the stadium in the fall of 2001,” the statement said. “Sadly, the tragic events of 9-11 and its impact and repercussions throughout the country and especially the tourism industry have put the project on hold.”

The park is already profitable for its owner, Marine Exhibition Corporation Inc., a subsidiary of Wometco Enterprises Inc. In 2001, the Seaquarium took in $16.5 million in revenue, earning $1.3 million in profit, according to an auditor’s report provided to the county.

SeaWorld, where adult admission at its parks ranges from $41.99 to $53.95 plus tax, never discusses money. It does discuss its good work, proudly telling visitors that a portion of their ticket price will support wildlife conservation. Company executives said that included preventing tiger poaching in India and protecting Belize’s coral reefs.

The company recently created the SeaWorld Busch Gardens Conservation Fund and steers interested donors to its partners, “the right environmental groups,” such as Conservation International and the Nature Conservancy, Andrews said.

SeaWorld says it spends about $3 million a year on conservation. “That doesn’t even include the more than $1 million with all the stranded animal work we do that the government does not even reimburse us for,” he said.

Even marine mammal facilities set up as nonprofit organizations take in millions.

Dolphin Research Center in the Florida Keys calls itself an education and research facility. On top of the $17.50 admission, employees and volunteers strongly encourage spending on extras.

A dolphin encounter that includes a 20-minute swim costs $155; a one-hour play session, $40; a day as a trainer, $650. The center offers birthday and engagement parties, field trips and sleepovers.

Visitors can become members or adopt a dolphin or sea lion. The $240 adoption buys a photo, bio and certificate about “your new friend” and invitations to celebrate its birthday and anniversary, according to the Web site.

“Membership dollars mean the difference between success and failure for DRC and the marine mammals who depend on our care and help,” the Web site says.

Tax returns show the facility received $3.4 million of help last year.

The nonprofit Clearwater Aquarium trained Sunset Sam to hold a brush in his mouth and “paint” and then sold his artwork.

“His unique style appealed to so many people and his work is known throughout the world,” Dennis Kellenberger, the aquarium’s then executive director, wrote when the dolphin died. “Sunset Sam was as colorful as his artwork.”

Last fall, the aquarium trained another dolphin, Presley, to paint.

In the gift shop, a Presley original was on sale for $50.

Havana Bureau Chief Vanessa Bauza contributed to this report from Havana.

The real cost of swimming with dolphins

News Article

Swimming with dolphins is a highly sought after tourist activity at marine parks across the world but the cost to the environment and the animals’ welfare is great. Death and disease in captive animals is high and the suffering caused by lifetime confinement and separation from their families is incalculable. Swimming with wild cetaceans as well as viewing from boats, while a more acceptable alternative to encounters with captive animals, has its own attendant costs. Experts gathered at South Padre Island, Texas, USA, on 9-10 November to draw up guidelines for more responsible marine wildlife viewing.

Swimming with dolphins is a highly sought after tourist activity at marine parks across the world but the cost to the environment and the animals’ welfare is great. Death and disease in captive animals is high and the suffering caused by lifetime confinement and separation from their families is incalculable. Swimming with wild cetaceans as well as viewing from boats, while a more acceptable alternative to encounters with captive animals, has its own attendant costs. Experts gathered at South Padre Island, Texas, USA, on 9-10 November to draw up guidelines for more responsible marine wildlife viewing.

Thousands of tourists visit Cancun in Mexico every year to swim with dolphins in captivity, paying around $100 for the experience, and it is estimated that each dolphin in the tourism-rich Yucatan Peninsular could bring in as much as $7500 a day.

Protests from environmentalists and others in the past led the Mexican authorities to ban capture of dolphins for amusement parks and the legislature is now considering legislation to ban imports too. While the first 240 dolphins in Mexican parks were caught by local fishermen who were paid several hundred dollars for each animal, 81 dolphins also came from Cuba, selling for around $50,000 each. It is alleged that United States’ citizens have bought dolphins from Cuba for the Dolphin Discovery centre in the Isla Mujeres (off the coast from Cancun) in violation of a trade embargo.

In October, Mexican authorities ordered that three bottlenose dolphins held in captivity in La Paz, Mexico to be transferred to another facility following the death of four others. Yet in spite of years of controversy surrounding the capture and holding of dolphins in La Paz, there are plans for a new multi-million dollar facility there.

In July, 28 dolphins of at least 100 captured in the Solomon Islands were exported to Mexico resulting in an international outcry. The Gela House of Chiefs (Gela Vaukolu) in the Solomon Islands has condemned the keeping of dolphins at Gavutu, Central Province and has demanded that these animals be set free because they are suffering in their shallow pens and will soon die of starvation.

The first live-capture of an orca (killer whale) since 1997 ended in the animal’s death at the Utrish Dolphinarium, on the Black Sea, less than a month later, indicating that the capturing of orcas for display in marine parks is cruel whilst also posing a threat to conservation. Another juvenile was killed in the process of capturing the prime, healthy, nearly-mature orca.

Cetacean watching in the wild provides valuable income for local communities, as well as providing an ideal opportunity to interest and inform people about the marine environment. Total world wide whale watching revenues increased between 1991 and 1994 at an average rate of 16.6% annually while average numbers of whale watchers increased some 16.7% worldwide. However, without appropriate management, cetacean watching from boats can cause disturbance to the very animals people enjoy to see.

The potential effects of disturbance on cetaceans from boats can be broadly divided into three categories. These are:

immediate effects arising from boat/cetaceans collisions;

short-term effects which include interruption or changes of essential behaviours such as diving, feeding, communicating, courtship, mother/calf bonding and group spacing. Repeated disturbance can result in increased stress and use of energy;

long-term effects which can result in changes in distribution, reduced fitness and breeding potential.

Responses by dolphins to disturbance may be particularly pronounced when boats drive rapidly into or cut across groups of animals, approach aggressively or erratically and/or move over feeding and resting areas.

Rochelle Constantine, who has spent many years researching the behavioural response of bottlenose dolphins to commercial “swim with dolphin” tours off North Island, New Zealand, says:

“I am frequently asked whether we should allow swimming with dolphins. I feel that if a country allows swim-with-dolphin tourism, we must ensure that the dolphins are given substantial periods of time throughout the day when they’re not exposed to tourism, and that permitted interactions should be minimally invasive. There must also be high standards of education about the animals and threats to them.”

Aimed at marine ecotour operators amongst other groups, a marine wildlife viewing workshop was recently held to present an overview of current trends and emerging issues in marine wildlife viewing, and to draw up a set of guidelines to be used in promoting responsible and sustainable marine wildlife viewing. The work of Constantine and other researchers has informed many of the policy responses that have been established in whale watching regions around the world, but this workshop attempts to establish a more global response.

Links:

Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society News – Mexico

Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society News – other

Woods-Ballard, A. J.; Parsons, E. C. M.; Hughes, A. J.; Velander, K. A.; Ladle, R. J.; Warburton, C. A. (2003) The sustainability of whale-watching in Scotland. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 11 (1), 40-55

Verrow, S. D. (2003) Developing sustainable whalewatching in the Shannon estuary. In Marine ecotourism: issues and experiences, Clevedon, UK; Channel View Publications, ISBN 1-873150-41-5, pp198-203

Constantine, R. (2001) Increased avoidance of swimmers by wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) due to long-term exposure to swim-with-dolphins tourism. Marine Mammal Science 17 (4), 689-702

Nichols, C.; Stone, G.; Hutt, A.; Brown, J.; Yoshinaga, A. (2001) Observations of interactions between Hector’s dolphins (Cephalarhynchus hectori), boats and people at Akaroa Harbour, New Zealand. Science for Conservation No. 178, 49 pp.

Hughes, P. (2001) Animals, values and tourism – structural shifts in UK dolphin tourism provision. Tourism Management 22 (4), 321-329

Orams, M. B. (1997) The effectiveness of environmental education: can we turn tourists into ‘Greenies’? Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research 3 (4), 295-306

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