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What is the meaning of how do you write the great American Indian Novel?
Like many of his other poems, How to Write the Great American Indian Novel uses humor and sarcasm to convey the harsh reality of how Native Americans are often stereotyped and depicted in the media. This poem first appeared in Alexie’s 1996 book of poetry called The Summer of Black Widows.
What is the meaning of the powwow at the end of the world?
“The Powwow at the End of the World” is actually a ceremony to preserve and restore the Native American land and way of life.
Who wrote the first autobiography of a Native American?
Nor are they often found in the census, tax roles, and other written records. We know about William Apess’s life mainly because he left behind his own account of it. When he was 31 years old, he was the first American Indian to have his autobiography published.
When was the powwow at the end of the world written?
The poem “The Powwow at the End of the World” was published in Sherman Alexie’s poetry collection, The Summer of Black Widows. It was published in 1996. Alexie’s poems explores the themes of despair, violence, and poverty in the lives of Native American people.
How did horses affect the culture and traditions of the place it was brought to?
Horses revolutionized Native life and became an integral part of tribal cultures, honored in objects, stories, songs, and ceremonies. Horses changed methods of hunting and warfare, modes of travel, lifestyles, and standards of wealth and prestige.
What type of poem is powwow at the end of the world?
“The Powwow at the End of the World” by Sherman Alexie appears to be a modern free verse poem with varying line length and no end rhyme. It is actually a ceremony to preserve and restore the Native American land and way of life.
What causes the Pacific Ocean to rise in the powwow at the end of the world?
What causes the pacific ocean to rise in “the powwow at the End of the world”? Flodwaters from the Columbia River enter the pacific and cause it to rise. The speaker tries to down the roaches by running water on them in the sink.
What does the Grand Coulee Dam represent for most people what does it represent for Native Americans of the Northwest?
It provides electricity and irrigation. What does the Grand Coulee Dam represent to Native Americans? It represent great change on their way of life. The dam blocks the river which is causing negative effects on the salmon population.
What are the key themes of American Indian literature from this era?
The Native American literature mostly talks about their customs, rituals, values and their knowledge, the stories can be hero tales, migrations legends, accounts of creation or song lyrics, taking this into account the key themes that the American literature uses are the origin of natural phenomena, the sacredness of …
What is the main purpose of Native American literature?
Native American literature reflects the culture, history, and contemporary issues of the people who are Indigenous to what is now the United States. A study of the genre serves to debunk stereotypes and the concept of Native Americans as a monolithic group rather than a diverse group of peoples.
What is Native American writing called?
Native American literature, also called Indian literature or American Indian literature, begins with the traditional oral and written literatures of the indigenous peoples of the Americas.
Where does the term Pow Wow come from?
The term “powwow” derives from Pau Wau, meaning “medicine man” in Narrtick, a language spoken by the Algonquian peoples in Massachusetts. English settlers began misusing the word to refer to the meetings of Indigenous medicine men, and later to any kind of American Indian gathering.
What is a Pow Wow meeting?
1 : a ceremony or usually large social gathering held by tribes of indigenous people of North America. 2 : a meeting for discussion. More from Merriam-Webster on powwow.
How did the Grand Coulee Dam affect indigenous peoples?
The construction of Grand Coulee Dam drastically changed the salmon-based culture of the native peoples. It blocked spawning salmon from returning to the upper Columbia River. Rising waters behind the dam submerged landforms like Kettle Falls.
What’s the meaning of a powwow?
Definition of powwow
(Entry 1 of 2) 1 : an American Indian medicine man. 2a : an American Indian ceremony (as for victory in war) b : an American Indian social gathering or fair usually including competitive dancing.
What is a powwow mean?
Webster Dictionary
Powpownoun. a priest, or conjurer, among the North American Indians. Powpownoun. conjuration attended with great noise and confusion, and often with feasting, dancing, etc., performed by Indians for the cure of diseases, to procure success in hunting or in war, and for other purposes. Powpownoun.
What does at the end of the world mean?
Definitions of end of the world. an unpleasant or disastrous destiny. “that’s unfortunate but it isn’t the end of the world” synonyms: day of reckoning, doom, doomsday.
What does the word end of the world mean?
end of the world (plural ends of the world) Death and destruction of life on Earth, especially human. (idiomatic) Any change that seems catastrophic or devastating.
How to Write the Great American Indian Novel – Poem Analysis
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- Summary of article content: Articles about How to Write the Great American Indian Novel – Poem Analysis Here is an analysis of the poem How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by Sherman Alexie. Alexie’s experiences as a Native American have profoundly … …
- Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for How to Write the Great American Indian Novel – Poem Analysis Here is an analysis of the poem How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by Sherman Alexie. Alexie’s experiences as a Native American have profoundly … ‘How to Write the Great American Indian Novel’ uses humor and sarcasm to convey the harsh reality of how Native Americans are depicted in the media.
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How to Write the Great American Indian Novel – Poem Analysis
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Analysis of How to Write the Great American Indian Novel
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how to write the great american indian novel summary
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Native American Writer Born
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- Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Native American Writer Born Updating On this day in 1798, a member of the Pequot tribe named William Apess was born in Colrain, a village in western Massachusetts. Although his childhood was marked by poverty and abuse, he learned to read and write. After converting to Christianity, Apess became a traveling preacher. He sought to convert other Native …
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Analysis of The Powwow at the End of the World – Poemotopia
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How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by… | Poetry Foundation
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- Summary of article content: Articles about How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by… | Poetry Foundation How to Write the Great American Indian Novel … All of the Indians must have tragic features: tragic noses, eyes, and arms. Their hands and fingers must be … …
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How to Write the Great American Indian Novel
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“How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” by Katherine Bifulco
The central ea of the poem are stereotypes. “Indian men, of course, are storms. They should destroy the lives of any white women who choose to love them.” ” … … - Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for
“How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” by Katherine Bifulco
The central ea of the poem are stereotypes. “Indian men, of course, are storms. They should destroy the lives of any white women who choose to love them.” ” … - Table of Contents:
Poem Recommendation: Sherman Alexie, “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” | From Tonto to Thomas Builds-the-Fire: Native American Representation
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- Summary of article content: Articles about Poem Recommendation: Sherman Alexie, “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” | From Tonto to Thomas Builds-the-Fire: Native American Representation “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” is an effective summary of the stereotypes that plague literature about Native Americans. …
- Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Poem Recommendation: Sherman Alexie, “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” | From Tonto to Thomas Builds-the-Fire: Native American Representation “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” is an effective summary of the stereotypes that plague literature about Native Americans. We’ve talked about Sherman Alexie several times before, but today, we’re focusing on his poetry, specifically “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel.” This satirical and sarcastic poem outlines the “secrets” to writing a successful novel about Native Americans. It is a humorous, biting look at the ways in which indigenous people have been…
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“How to Write the Great American Indian Novel,” by Sherman Alexie – Davis’ Literary Thoughts
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Catie Rosemurgy on Sherman Alexie’s “How to Write the Great American Indian Novel” | Voltage Poetry
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How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by Sherman Alexie A Postcolonial Reading
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American Indian Literature : ↞How to Write the Great American Indian Novel↠ By Sherman Alexie
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How to Write the Great American Indian Novel
Here is an analysis of the poem How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by Sherman Alexie. Alexie’s experiences as a Native American have profoundly impacted his work, and he is known for his poems, novels, and films. Alexie grew up on the Spokane Indian Reservation in Washington; he now resides in Seattle. His writing has won a number of prestigious awards, including the PEN/Faulkner Award and the National Book Award. Like many of his other poems, How to Write the Great American Indian Novel uses humor and sarcasm to convey the harsh reality of how Native Americans are often stereotyped and depicted in the media. This poem first appeared in Alexie’s 1996 book of poetry called The Summer of Black Widows.
Summary
In this poem, the speaker of the work, perhaps Sherman Alexie, discusses the necessary physical, mental, and emotional traits the characters in a great American Indian novel must possess. The speaker forces the reader to think about the stereotypes surrounding Native American culture; these stereotypes are often perpetuated in the media, including movies and novels. The speaker lists specific examples for the characters in the novel. For instance, he writes, “If the hero is an Indian woman, she is beautiful. She must be slender and in love with a white man.” He continues on with this list, finally ending the poem on a particularly sad note, saying that all of the Indian people will actually be white people, and all of the Indians will merely be ghosts, figments of reality. Sherman Alexie’s poem, How to Write the Great American Indian Novel, can be read in full here.
Analysis of How to Write the Great American Indian Novel
This poem is written in free verse, as none of the lines rhyme and the lines are of varying lengths. There are a total of forty-two lines in How to Write the Great American Indian Novel, and they are broken into twenty-one couplets.
Alexie throws his reader directly into his poem straightaway, wasting no time with listing the traits each character in this great American novel or movie. With the first couplet, it is important to note Alexie’s diction here and his repeated use of the word tragic. While this line probably provides some chuckles for the reader, Alexie is trying to show that all of the Indians in the novel must be pitied. Their faces are tragic; their hands and fingers are tragic; their food is even tragic. In other words, their whole being must be pitiable. Alexie continues on with the stereotypes in the next couplet, stating that the hero of the novel must be half white and half Indian, and he must be able to ride a horse. He is solitary in his quest, often off crying when he is by himself.
He writes, “That is mandatory.” In this couplet, Alexie again seems to be reinforcing the fact that this tragic character must be pitied. He must be isolated and alone, and he must be able to cry about his misfortunes. If the hero is an Indian woman, Alexie writes in the next couplet, “she is beautiful. She must be slender and in love with a white man.” There is no doubt about it: the hero Indian woman is beautiful, slender, and in love with a white man. Alexie does concede in the next couplet, however, that the female Indian hero could possibly be allowed to be in love with an Indian man, but he must be a half-breed only, and he must be “from a horse culture.” To have an Indian woman be in love with a full Indian man would be unthinkable. He must at least be partially white. Alexie then returns to the love between the Indian woman and the white man, who “has to be so white that we can see the blue veins running through his skin like rivers.” Their relationship should be full of romance and melodrama, with the white man in shock and awe at the beautiful and slender Indian woman standing before him.
Alexie writes, “When the Indian woman steps out of her dress,/the white man gasps at the endless beauty of her brown skin.” Clearly, the white man has never seen a woman of color naked before; he is utterly beside himself as the woman stands naked before him. But not only should she be brown and beautiful, she should also be compared to things in the natural world: “…brown hills, mountains, fertile valleys, dewy grass, wind, and clear water.” Since the Native Americans are of the land, they must also look like their natural surroundings, as well. There is no question about this. Alexie does allow, however, that his Native American woman could be compared to something as mysterious and impure as “murky water.” If this is the case, this must mean she is burdened with a secret, because “Indians always have secrets, which are carefully and slowly revealed.” This shows that all Indians cannot be completely trusted. Even if they are beautiful, and even if they are from a horse culture and go off by themselves to cry, the white man cannot be so naïve to trust them completely. They all have their secrets, which will eventually come out in time. No doubt it will be the white counterpart who brings this secret out for the Native American, saving them from their inherent evil.
It is at this part in the poem where Alexie takes a darker path, which is signified with his use of the word “yet.” He begins his eighth couplet saying, “Yet Indian secrets can be disclosed suddenly, like a storm.” He furthers the idea that Native Americans cannot be trusted by comparing them to a dangerous and sudden storm. In fact, he continues that thought into the next couplet, writing “Indian men, of course, are storms. They should destroy the lives/of any white women who choose to love them.” The saintly and innocent white woman who chooses to love a Native American man will no doubt suffer for her love; in fact, it is her love, this savage, who will be the cause of her suffering.
Alexie continues: “All white women love/Indian men. That is always the case. White women feign disgust/at the savage in blue jeans and T-shirt, but secretly lust after him.” Again, it is important to note Alexie’s diction here. Halfway through How to Write the Great American Indian Novel, he finally uses the derogatory term that was once associated with the Native Americans: savages. They are beasts—inhuman—and the woman who falls in love with a Native American man must be at once lustful and disgusted by him. She must not outwardly show her lust for him; she must keep it a secret from those around her. Alexie furthers the idea that Native Americans are savage beasts when he writes, “Indian men are horses, smelling wild and gamey.” Again, they are untamed animals who cannot be held down.
A modern stereotype of Native Americans plays out in the next couplet. Alexie writes, “There must be one murder, one suicide, one attempted rape. Alcohol should be consumed. Cars must be driven at high speeds.” Many think all Native Americans have drinking problems, which lead to depression and a dangerous lifestyle. While the American Indians of the past could not be trusted, neither can the modern Indians. They will drink too much, kill each other or themselves, and drive far too fast, breaking all of the rules.
Of course, it would not be a great American Indian novel if the Indians could not see visions. In fact, Alexie writes, this is a must. And if the white people are in love with Indians, they, too, will also be able to see visions because they will be considered Indians due to their “close proximity” with actual Indians. Alexie writes, “White people must carry an Indian deep inside themselves,” and “If the interior Indian is a male then he must be a warrior, especially if he is inside a white man.” The white people in the novel must be heroic warriors. They must be similar to the Native Americans in the novel, but they must only possess the positive attributes of Indians. They are not savages, but they are warriors—heroes. Alexie parallels this idea by showing what the interior female Indian is like: “…she must be a healer, especially if she is inside/a white woman.” Again, the white women in the novel must only possess the positive traits of an Indian woman. She will heal and save people.
There is another break in the poem; Alexie writes that there are sometimes complications with this idea. Sometimes, he writes, “An Indian man can be hidden inside a white woman. An Indian woman/can be hidden inside a white man.” He continues that all of these characters are half-breeds who are trying to come to terms with their horse culture. In the end, “There must be redemption, of course, and sins must be forgiven.” This is only possible, however, with the future generation. Alexie writes, “For this, we need children. A white child and an Indian child, gender/ not important, should express deep affection in a childlike way.” The children will save future generations by showing that things such as race and gender do not matter. They are the hope for the future.
The last couplet has a bitter tone, as opposed to the sarcastic, humorous tone that is present throughout the rest of the poem: “In the Great American Indian novel, when it is finally written,/all of the white people will be Indians and all of the Indians will be ghosts.” This idea is particularly sad: when all is said and done, the Native American characters will not be Indians at all; they will just be ghosts, and the Indian characters will all really be white people.
While there is no doubt that the form of this work is poetic, the text could easily be turned into a “how-to” essay for those who are trying to write the great American Indian novel. The couplets are often broken up and continued on in the next lines, and Alexie certainly takes poetic freedom by extending these ideas into multiple lines.
Historical Context
Native Americans inhabited the lands that make up the United States before the white Europeans came to settle the land. When they came, however, they took over, stealing the land from the Native Americans. Mainstream media has often portrayed Native Americans just as Alexie has represented them here: inferior savages who must be tamed by their white counterparts. It is possible to save them, but it will take a white man or woman to do so. This will come as a great burden for the white people, but it must be done for the good of future generations.
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How to Write the Great American Indian Novel
Here is an analysis of the poem How to Write the Great American Indian Novel by Sherman Alexie. Alexie’s experiences as a Native American have profoundly impacted his work, and he is known for his poems, novels, and films. Alexie grew up on the Spokane Indian Reservation in Washington; he now resides in Seattle. His writing has won a number of prestigious awards, including the PEN/Faulkner Award and the National Book Award. Like many of his other poems, How to Write the Great American Indian Novel uses humor and sarcasm to convey the harsh reality of how Native Americans are often stereotyped and depicted in the media. This poem first appeared in Alexie’s 1996 book of poetry called The Summer of Black Widows.
Summary
In this poem, the speaker of the work, perhaps Sherman Alexie, discusses the necessary physical, mental, and emotional traits the characters in a great American Indian novel must possess. The speaker forces the reader to think about the stereotypes surrounding Native American culture; these stereotypes are often perpetuated in the media, including movies and novels. The speaker lists specific examples for the characters in the novel. For instance, he writes, “If the hero is an Indian woman, she is beautiful. She must be slender and in love with a white man.” He continues on with this list, finally ending the poem on a particularly sad note, saying that all of the Indian people will actually be white people, and all of the Indians will merely be ghosts, figments of reality. Sherman Alexie’s poem, How to Write the Great American Indian Novel, can be read in full here.
Analysis of How to Write the Great American Indian Novel
This poem is written in free verse, as none of the lines rhyme and the lines are of varying lengths. There are a total of forty-two lines in How to Write the Great American Indian Novel, and they are broken into twenty-one couplets.
Alexie throws his reader directly into his poem straightaway, wasting no time with listing the traits each character in this great American novel or movie. With the first couplet, it is important to note Alexie’s diction here and his repeated use of the word tragic. While this line probably provides some chuckles for the reader, Alexie is trying to show that all of the Indians in the novel must be pitied. Their faces are tragic; their hands and fingers are tragic; their food is even tragic. In other words, their whole being must be pitiable. Alexie continues on with the stereotypes in the next couplet, stating that the hero of the novel must be half white and half Indian, and he must be able to ride a horse. He is solitary in his quest, often off crying when he is by himself.
He writes, “That is mandatory.” In this couplet, Alexie again seems to be reinforcing the fact that this tragic character must be pitied. He must be isolated and alone, and he must be able to cry about his misfortunes. If the hero is an Indian woman, Alexie writes in the next couplet, “she is beautiful. She must be slender and in love with a white man.” There is no doubt about it: the hero Indian woman is beautiful, slender, and in love with a white man. Alexie does concede in the next couplet, however, that the female Indian hero could possibly be allowed to be in love with an Indian man, but he must be a half-breed only, and he must be “from a horse culture.” To have an Indian woman be in love with a full Indian man would be unthinkable. He must at least be partially white. Alexie then returns to the love between the Indian woman and the white man, who “has to be so white that we can see the blue veins running through his skin like rivers.” Their relationship should be full of romance and melodrama, with the white man in shock and awe at the beautiful and slender Indian woman standing before him.
Alexie writes, “When the Indian woman steps out of her dress,/the white man gasps at the endless beauty of her brown skin.” Clearly, the white man has never seen a woman of color naked before; he is utterly beside himself as the woman stands naked before him. But not only should she be brown and beautiful, she should also be compared to things in the natural world: “…brown hills, mountains, fertile valleys, dewy grass, wind, and clear water.” Since the Native Americans are of the land, they must also look like their natural surroundings, as well. There is no question about this. Alexie does allow, however, that his Native American woman could be compared to something as mysterious and impure as “murky water.” If this is the case, this must mean she is burdened with a secret, because “Indians always have secrets, which are carefully and slowly revealed.” This shows that all Indians cannot be completely trusted. Even if they are beautiful, and even if they are from a horse culture and go off by themselves to cry, the white man cannot be so naïve to trust them completely. They all have their secrets, which will eventually come out in time. No doubt it will be the white counterpart who brings this secret out for the Native American, saving them from their inherent evil.
It is at this part in the poem where Alexie takes a darker path, which is signified with his use of the word “yet.” He begins his eighth couplet saying, “Yet Indian secrets can be disclosed suddenly, like a storm.” He furthers the idea that Native Americans cannot be trusted by comparing them to a dangerous and sudden storm. In fact, he continues that thought into the next couplet, writing “Indian men, of course, are storms. They should destroy the lives/of any white women who choose to love them.” The saintly and innocent white woman who chooses to love a Native American man will no doubt suffer for her love; in fact, it is her love, this savage, who will be the cause of her suffering.
Alexie continues: “All white women love/Indian men. That is always the case. White women feign disgust/at the savage in blue jeans and T-shirt, but secretly lust after him.” Again, it is important to note Alexie’s diction here. Halfway through How to Write the Great American Indian Novel, he finally uses the derogatory term that was once associated with the Native Americans: savages. They are beasts—inhuman—and the woman who falls in love with a Native American man must be at once lustful and disgusted by him. She must not outwardly show her lust for him; she must keep it a secret from those around her. Alexie furthers the idea that Native Americans are savage beasts when he writes, “Indian men are horses, smelling wild and gamey.” Again, they are untamed animals who cannot be held down.
A modern stereotype of Native Americans plays out in the next couplet. Alexie writes, “There must be one murder, one suicide, one attempted rape. Alcohol should be consumed. Cars must be driven at high speeds.” Many think all Native Americans have drinking problems, which lead to depression and a dangerous lifestyle. While the American Indians of the past could not be trusted, neither can the modern Indians. They will drink too much, kill each other or themselves, and drive far too fast, breaking all of the rules.
Of course, it would not be a great American Indian novel if the Indians could not see visions. In fact, Alexie writes, this is a must. And if the white people are in love with Indians, they, too, will also be able to see visions because they will be considered Indians due to their “close proximity” with actual Indians. Alexie writes, “White people must carry an Indian deep inside themselves,” and “If the interior Indian is a male then he must be a warrior, especially if he is inside a white man.” The white people in the novel must be heroic warriors. They must be similar to the Native Americans in the novel, but they must only possess the positive attributes of Indians. They are not savages, but they are warriors—heroes. Alexie parallels this idea by showing what the interior female Indian is like: “…she must be a healer, especially if she is inside/a white woman.” Again, the white women in the novel must only possess the positive traits of an Indian woman. She will heal and save people.
There is another break in the poem; Alexie writes that there are sometimes complications with this idea. Sometimes, he writes, “An Indian man can be hidden inside a white woman. An Indian woman/can be hidden inside a white man.” He continues that all of these characters are half-breeds who are trying to come to terms with their horse culture. In the end, “There must be redemption, of course, and sins must be forgiven.” This is only possible, however, with the future generation. Alexie writes, “For this, we need children. A white child and an Indian child, gender/ not important, should express deep affection in a childlike way.” The children will save future generations by showing that things such as race and gender do not matter. They are the hope for the future.
The last couplet has a bitter tone, as opposed to the sarcastic, humorous tone that is present throughout the rest of the poem: “In the Great American Indian novel, when it is finally written,/all of the white people will be Indians and all of the Indians will be ghosts.” This idea is particularly sad: when all is said and done, the Native American characters will not be Indians at all; they will just be ghosts, and the Indian characters will all really be white people.
While there is no doubt that the form of this work is poetic, the text could easily be turned into a “how-to” essay for those who are trying to write the great American Indian novel. The couplets are often broken up and continued on in the next lines, and Alexie certainly takes poetic freedom by extending these ideas into multiple lines.
Historical Context
Native Americans inhabited the lands that make up the United States before the white Europeans came to settle the land. When they came, however, they took over, stealing the land from the Native Americans. Mainstream media has often portrayed Native Americans just as Alexie has represented them here: inferior savages who must be tamed by their white counterparts. It is possible to save them, but it will take a white man or woman to do so. This will come as a great burden for the white people, but it must be done for the good of future generations.
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Native American Writer Born
Now let me ask you, white man, if it is a disgrace for to eat, drink, and sleep with the image of God, or sit, or walk and talk with them. Or have you the folly to think that the white man, being one in fifteen or sixteen, are the only beloved images of God? Assemble all nations together in your imagination, and then let the whites be seated among them. . . . Now suppose these skins were put together, and each skin had its national crimes written upon it—which skin do you think would have the greatest? I will ask one question more. Can you charge the Indians with robbing a nation almost of their whole continent, and murdering their women and children, and then depriving the remainder of their lawful rights, that nature and God require them to have? And to cap the climax, rob another nation to till their grounds and welter out their days under the lash with hunger and fatigue. . . . I should look at all the skins, and I know that when I cast my eye upon that white skin, and if I saw those crimes written upon it, I should enter my protest against it immediately . . . .
Quoted in On Our Own Ground: The Complete Writings of William Apess, a Pequot, ed. by Barry O’Connell (University of Massachusetts Press, 1992).
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