Four Letter Words With An Apostrophe? Trust The Answer

Four letter strategy

Whether you’re playing Words With Friends, Scrabble, or any other word game, you need to know your four-letter word strategy. The trick is to play the letters that are difficult to bingo with so you can get better letters for your next game. Most 4-letter words that start with Z are perfect for this, and these include ZANY, ZOON, ZYME, and ZOUK. You can also use 4 letter words starting with E to get rid of excess vowels. Examples are ECRU, EELS, EERY and ECHO.

When it comes to 4-letter words starting with A, the same “get rid of redundant vowels” trick applies. Some of the good words that fulfill this are AGUE, AAHS, AERO and ALAE. While it’s easier to deal with too many vowels than too many consonants, knowing these 4-letter words that start with A and 4-letter words that start with E is a great tool to start with maintain rack balance. The same goes for 4-letter words starting with Z, which allows you to get rid of annoying consonants.

By playing four letter words wisely, you can become a stronger word game player after you build your vocabulary.

How to Solve Puzzles How to Solve Cryptograms by Parker Lewis and Roy Leban Cryptograms have existed for thousands of years. Originally used for secret messages, they are now used primarily for puzzles and have gained wide popularity, appearing in many newspapers today, including the NYT. They’re popular in the National Puzzlers’ League, and there’s even an enigmatic organization dedicated solely to cryptograms and their offshoots – the American Cryptogram Association. To solve a cryptogram puzzle, you need to crack the code and find out the hidden message. The code is a simple substitution cipher where each letter in a puzzle (called a cryptoletter) represents a different letter of the alphabet in the solution. This applies to every case in which a cryptoletter appears. For example, if the crypto letter T represents E, then wherever you see a T in the encrypted message, you can replace it with E. The full mapping of the alphabet, called the crypto-alphabet, changes from puzzle to puzzle, so be careful not to take over letter associations! The basic strategy is to continually build on what you have and use the letters you know to figure out other letters and words in the message. Review the list of letters you used (which are automatically highlighted at the top of the puzzle) to help you think about your options. And not that if you accidentally use the same letter twice, all instances of that letter will be flagged as errors. Finally the full code is cracked and you can read the full message. Here are some techniques to help you get started: Single Letter Words A good place to start is to look for single letter words. The only possible choices are A or I. Often a cryptogram puzzle is a quote or a joke or something else spoken in the first person, so the pronoun I appears frequently. Letter Frequency Numerous studies of letter frequency have been conducted over the years, and the results are useful in solving cryptograms. While there are some discrepancies with the rest of the list, the E is undoubtedly the most common letter overall. If you find that a particular crypto letter keeps popping up, there’s a good chance it’s the ubiquitous E. The next most common letters are T, A, O, I, N, S, H, R, D, and L. At the other end of the spectrum, letters like Q, Z, J, K, and X don’t appear very often, so just look for them these towards the end of the solution. When solving on paper, you have to count the letters by hand. In Puzzlezz, just tap any letter in the puzzle and all the letters will be highlighted, allowing you to see and compare the frequencies of the letters used very quickly. Spelling Skills Even if you have no idea what a word might be, knowing how words are spelled can help you solve a cryptogram. For example, if a word starts with S?R, there are likely only a few letters that appear between the S and the R (C, H, K, P, T plus the vowels and Y). By trying each of the possible letters (except those already found) wherever the same crypto letter is used, you can narrow down the possibilities. Look for places that can accommodate the fewest different letters. Of course, some cryptograms may contain foreign words or names, so be careful. Two-Letter Words Another good way to get a foothold in a cryptogram is to look at the two-letter words. There are only a certain number of valid options, so this helps narrow down the possibilities. Also, most two-letter words are either vowel/consonant or consonant/vowel, which you can use to your advantage, especially if you’ve already determined which letter is A or I. Common examples are: AM, AN, AS, AT, BY , DO, GO, HI, IF, IN, IS, IT, ME, MY, NO, OF, ON, OR, TO. Contractions Punctuation can be a big help, especially when you see an apostrophe. Contractions are useful because there are few combinations of letters that follow the rules. The two most common letters after an apostrophe are S and T. Words include HE’S, IT’S, LET’S, SHE’S, or anything used in the possessive sense

N’t words include AREN’T, CAN’T, DIDN’T, DON’T, ISN’T, HASN’T, HADN’T, HAVEN’T, WEREN’T, WON’T

D-words include HE’D, I’D, SHE’D, THEY’D, WE’D

Words include HE’LL, I’LL, I’LL, SHE’LL, THEY’LL

‘RE words include SHE and HER

VE words include I’VE, THEY’VE, and YOU’VE

‘M words include I

An initial apostrophe is a word with the initial letters omitted, as in ‘EM

A final apostrophe is most likely a plural possessive pronoun (usually ending in S) or a word with a G omitted, as in SINGIN’ Repeating Letter Patterns. In general, this technique involves looking at specific letter combinations and recognizing a pattern. If you spot a pair of letters appearing in multiple places in the cryptogram, consider what that pair might represent. Letter combinations that often appear at the beginning of words are: DE, DIS, MIS, OVER, PRE, RE and UN. Letter combinations that often appear at the end of words are: CK, ND, ING, ED, TION, EN, AL, and EST. One of the most common digraphs is TH, as it is very common, and in very common words like THE, THAT, THIS, WITH, etc. Double Letters Spotting double letters, especially in shorter words, is often helpful. EE and OO are the most likely candidates for vowels, while most consonants can be doubled. Examine the letters before and after the double to see what combination might work. The vowels I and U are rarely doubled. Unused Letters According to the rules of a cryptogram, each letter can only represent one thing. Keep track of which letters have already been billed and which letters are still left. This will help you towards the end of the puzzle when the number of possibilities is greatly reduced. Also remember that a letter cannot represent itself, which means the crypto letter K cannot represent a K. Of course, puzzle builders like to add tricks, so you may spot rule violations from time to time, but you should never break them accidentally. Cryptogram lists Cryptogram lists, also known as crypto lists, are cryptogram puzzles consisting of a list of related items. The items can be a complete set of things or a few items from a large set. Each item can be a person, a place, or a thing, or really almost anything. You’re not usually told what items you’re looking for, and the puzzle itself has a brief description for you to figure out that tells you either the set or the items in the set. Items are always provided in alphabetical order, which can serve as an important clue when solving by helping you narrow down crypto letter possibilities. Hints If all else fails, don’t forget that you can get hints by tapping the icon and discovering a letter. The given letter is revealed wherever it occurs. It’s not cheating to ask for a hint – the goal is to have fun. So if you ask for a hint, rejoice. Also, you might be surprised how often you miss these entries, even if you know where they start.

4 letter words AAHS AALS ABAC ABAS ABBA ABBE ABBS ABED ABET ABID ABLE ABLY ABOS ABRI ABUT ABYE ABYS ACAI ACCA ACED ACER ACES ACHE ACHY ACID ACME ACNE ACRE ACTA ACTS ACYL ADAW ADDS ADDY ADIT ADOS ADRY ADZE AEON AERO AERY AESC AFAR AFFY AFRO AGAR AGAS ALTER AGEE AGEN AGER ALTER AGHA AGIN AGIO AGLU AGLY AGMA AGOG AGON AGUE AHED AHEM AHIS AHOY AIAS AIDA AIDE AIDS AIGA AILS AIMS AINE AINS AIRN AIRS AIRT AIRY AITS AITU AJAR AJEE AKAS AKED AKEE AKES AKIN ALAE ALAN ALAP ALAR ALAS ALAY ALBA ALBE ALBS ALCO ALEC ALEE ALEEF ALES ALEW ALFA ALFS ALGA ALGA ALIF ALIT ALKO ALKY ALLS ALLY ALMA ALME ALMS ALOD ALOE ALOO ALOW ALSO ALTO ALTS ALUM ALUS AMAH AMAS AMBO AMEN AMES AMIA AMID AMIE AMIN AMIR AMIS AMLA AMMO AMOK AMPS AMUS AMYL ANAL ANAN ANAS ANCE ANDS ANES NEW ANGA ANIL ANIS ANKH ANNA ANNO ANNS ANOA ANON ANSA ANTA ANTE ANTI ANTS ANUS APAY APED APER APES APEX APOD APOS APPS APSE APSO APTS AQUA ARAK ARAR ARBA ARBS ARCH ARCO ARCS ARDS AREA ARED AREG ARES ARET AREW ARFS ARGH ARIA ARID ARIL ARIS ARCHEN ARLE ARMS ARMY ARNA AROW ARPA ASS ARSY ARTI ARTS ARTY ARUM ARVO ARYL ASAR ASCI ASEA ASHY QUESTIONS ASPS ATAP ATES ATMA ATOC ATOK ATOM ATUA AUAS AUFS AUKS AULA AULD AUNE AUNE AUNE AURA CAR AVAL AVAS AVEL AVER AVES AVID AVOS AVOW AWAY AWDL AWED AWEE AWES AWFY AWKS AWLS AWNS AWNY AWOL AWRY AXAL AXED AXEL AXES AXIL AXIS AXLE AXON AYAH AYES AYIN AYRE AYUS AZAN AZON AZYM BAAL BAAS BABA BABE BABU BABY BACH BACK BACS BADS BAEL BAFF BAFT BAGS BAGS BAHT BAHU BAIL BAIT BAJU BAKE BALD BALE BALK BALL BALM BALS BALU BAMS BANC BAND BANE BANG BANI BANK BANS BANT BAPS BAPU BARB BARD BARE BARF BARK BARM BARN BARP BARS BASE BASH BASK BASS BAST BATE BATH BATS BATT BAUD BAUK BAUR BAWD BAWL BAWN BAWR BAYE BAYS BAYT BEAD BEAK BEAM BEAN BEAR BEAT BEAU BECK BEDE BETTE BEDU BEEF BEEN BEEP BEER BEES BEET BEGO BEGO BEGS BEIN BELL BELS BELT BEMA BEND BENE BENI BENJ BENS BENT BERE BERG BERK BERM BEST BETA BETE BETH BETS BEVY BEYS BHAI BHAT BHEL BHUT BIAS BIBB BIBS BICE BIDE BIDI BIDS BIEN BIER BIFF B IGA BIGG BIGS BIKEBILE BILK BILL BIMA BIND BINE BING BINK BINS BINT BIOG BIOS BIRD BIRK BIRL BIRO BIRR BISE BISH BISK BIST BITE BITO BITS BITT BIZE BLAB BLAD BLAE BLAG BLAH BLAM BLAT BLAW BLAY BLEB BLED BLEE BLET BLEW BLEY BLIN BLIP BLIT BLOB BLOG BLOT BLOW BLUB BLUE BLUR BOAB BOAK BOAR BOAS BOAT BOBA BOBS BOCK BODE BODS BODY BOEP BOET BOFF BOGS BOGY BOHO BOHS BOIL BOIS BOKE BOKO BOKS BOLA BOLD BOLE BOLL BOLO BOLT BOMA BOMB BONA BOND BONE BONG BONK BONY BOOB BOOH BOOK BOOL BOOM BOON BOOR BOOS BOOT BOPS BORA BORD BORE BORK BORM BORN BORS BORT BOSH BOSK BOSS BOTA BOTE BOTH BOTS BOTT BOUK BOUN BOUT BOWL BOWR BOWS BOXY BOYF BOYG BOYO BOYS BOZO BRAD BRAE BRAG BRAK BRAN BRAS BRAT BRAW BRAY BRED BREE BREI BREN BRER BREW BREY BRIE BRIG BRIK BRIM BRIN BRIO BRIS BRIT BROD BROG BROO BROS BROW BRRR BRUS BRUT BRUX BUAT BUBA BUBO BUBS BUBU BUCK BUDA BUDI BUDO BUDS BUFF BUFO BUGS BUHL BUHR BUIK BUKE BULK BULB BULK BULL BUMF BUMP BUMS BUNA BUND BUNG BUNK BUNN BUNS BUNT BUJE BURA BURB RR BURD RK BURR BURK BURK BURLBURS BURY BUSH BUSK BUSS BUST BUSY BUTE BUTS BUTT BUYS BUZZ BYDE BYES BYKE BYRE BYRL BYTE CAAS CABA CABS CACA CACK CADE CADI CADS CAFE CAFF CAGE CAGS CAGY CAID CAIN CAKE CAKY CALF CALK CALL CALM CALO CALP CALX CAMA CAME CAMO CAMP CAMS CANE CANG CANN CANS CANT CANY CAPA CAPE CAPH CAPI CAPO CAPS CARB CARD CARE CARK CARL CARN CARP CARR CARS CART CASA CASE CASH CASK CAST CATE CATS CAUF CAUK CAUL CAUM CAUP CAVA CAVE CAVY CAWK CAWS CAYS CEAS CECA CEDE CEDI CEES CEIL CELL CELS CELT CENS CENT CEPE CEPS CERE CERO CERT CESS CETE CHAD CHAI CHAL CHAM CHAO CHAP CHAR CHAS CHAT CHAV CHAW CHAY CHEF CHER CHEW CHEZ CHIA CHIB CHIC CHID CHIK CHIN CHIP CHIS CHIT CHIV CHIZ CHOC CHOG CHON CHOP CHOU CHOW CHUB CHUG CHUM CHUR CHUT CIAO CIDE CIDS CIEL CIGS CILL CINE CION CIRE CIRL CIST CITE CITO CITS CITY CIVE CLAD CLAG CLAM CLAN CLAP CLAT CLAW CLAY CLEG CLEG CLEM CLEW CLIP CLIT CLOD CLOG CLON CLOP CLOT CLOU CLOW CLOY CLUE CLUE COAL COAT COAX COBB COBS COCA COCH COCK COCO CODA CODE CODS C OED COFF COFT COGS COHOCOIF COIL COIN COIR COIT COKE COKY COLA COLD COLE COLL COLS COLT COLY COMA COMB COME COMM COMP COMS COND CONE CONF CONI CONK CONN CONS CONY COOF COOK COOL COOM COON COOP COOS COOT COPS COPY CORD CORE CORF CORK CORM CORN CORS CORY COSE COSH COSS COST COSY COTE COTH COTS COTT COUP COUR COVE COWK COWL COWP COWS COWY COXA COXY COYS COZE COSY COSY CRAB CRAG CRAM CRAN CRAP CRAW CRAY CRED CREE CREM CREW CRIA CRIB CRIM CRIS CRIT CROC CROP CROW CROW CRUD CRUE CRUS CRUX CUBE CUBS CUDS CUED CUES CUFF CUIF CUIT CUKE CULL CULM CULT CUMS CUNT CUPS CURB CURD CURE CURF CURL CURN CURR CURS CURT CUSH CUSK CUSP CUSS CUTE CUTS CWMS CYAN CYMA CYME CYST CYTE CZAR DAAL DABS DACE DACK DADA DADO DADS DAES DAFF HS DFT DAGO DAGS DAFT DAGO DAGS DAFT DAHL DALE DALI DALS DALT DAME DAMN DAMP DAMS DANG DANK DANS DANT DAPS DARB DARE DARG DARI DARK DARN DART DASH DATA DATE DATO DAUB DAUD DAUR DAUT DAVY DAWD DAWK DAWN DAWS DAWT DAYS DAZE DEAD DEAF DEAL DEAN DEAR DEAW DEBE DEBS DEBT DECK DECO DEED DEEK DE EM DEEN DEEP DEER DEESDEET DEEV DEFI DEFO DEFT DEFY DEGS DEGU DEID DEIF DEIL DEKE DELE DELF DELI DELL DELO DELS DELT DEME DEMO DEMY DENE DENI DENS DENT DENY DERE DERM DERN DERO DERV DESI DESK DEUS DEVA DEVS DEWS DEWY DEXY DEYS DHAK DHAL DHOL DHOW DIAL DIBS DICE YOU FAT DICT DIDO DIDY DIEB DIED DIEL DIES DIET DIFF DIFS DIGS DIKA DIKE DILL DIMP DIMP DIMS DINE DING DINK DINO DINS DINT DIOL DIPS DIPT DIRE DIRK DIRL DIRT DISA DISC DISH DISK DISS DITA DITE DITS DITT DITZ DIVA DIVE DIVI DIVO DIVS DIXI DIXY DIYA DJIN DOAB DOAT DOBS DOBY DOCK DOCO DOCS DODO DODS DOEK DOEN DOER DOES DOFF DOGE DOGS DOGY DOHS DOIT DOJO DOLE DOLL DOLS DOLT DOME DOMS DOMY DONA DONE DONG DONS DOOB DOOK DOOL DOOM DOON DOOR DOOS DOPA DOPE DOPS DOPY DORB DORE DORK DORM DORP DORR DORS DORT DORY DOSE DOSH DOSS DOST DOTE DOTH DOTS DOTY DOUC DOUK DOUM DOUN DOUP DOUR DOUT DOUX DOVE DOWD DOWF DOWL DOWN DOWP DOWS DOWT DOXY DOYS DOZE DOZY DRAB DRAC DRAD DRAG DRAM DRAP DRAW DRAW DRAY DREE DREG DREK DREW DREY DRIB DRIP DROP D ROW DRUB DRUG DRUM DRYINGSOS DUAD DUAL DUAN DUAR DUBS DUCE DUCI DUCK DUCT DUDE DUDS DUED DUEL DUES DUET DUFF DUGS DUIT DUKA DUKE DULE DULL DULY DUMA DUMB DUMP DUNE DUNG DUNK DUNT DUNT DUNT DUOS DUPE DUPS DURA DUSTDYNE DHO DYSKURE DURN DURO DURRKE DHO DYSKYNE DUSTDYNE ZH DUSHURE DURN DURO DURRKE DZOS EVERY EALE EANS EARD EARL DESERVE EARS EASE EAST EASY EATH EATS EAUS EAUX EAVE EBBS EBON ECAD ECCE ECCO ECHE ECHO REAL ECOD ECOS ECRU ECUS EDDO ​​EDDY EDGE EDGY EDHS EDIT EECH EELS EELY EERY EEVN EFFS EFTS EGAD EGAL EGER EIGS EGGY EGIS EGMA EGOS EHED EIDE EIKS EILD EINA EINE EISH EKED EKES EKKA ELAN ELDS ELFS ELHI ELKS ELLS ELMS ELMY ELSE ELTS EMES EMEU EMIC EMIR EMIT EMMA EMMY EMOS EMPT EMUS EMYD EMYS ENDS ENES ENEW ENGS ENOL ENOW ENUF ENVY EOAN EONS EORL EPEE EPHA EPIC EPOS ERAS ERED ERES EREV ERGO ERGS ERHU ERIC ERKS ERNE ERNS EROS ERRS ERST ERUV ESES ESKY ESNE ESPY ESSE ESTS ETAS ETAT ETCH ETEN ETHE ETHS ETIC ETNA ETUI EUGE EUGH EUKS EUOI EURO EVEN EVER EVET EVIL EVOE EVOS EWER EWES EWKS EWTS EXAM EXEC EXED EXES EXIT EXONEXPO EXUL EYAS EYED EYEN EYER EYES EYNE EYOT EYRA EYRE EYRY FAAN FAAS FABS FACE FACT FADE FADO FADS FADY FAFF FAGS FAHS FAIK FAIL FAIN FAIR FAIX FAKE FALL FALX FAME FAND FANE FANG FANK FANO FANS FARD FARE FARL FARM FARO FARS FART FAST FAST FATE FATS FAUN FAUR FAUT FAUX FAVA FAVE FAWN FAWS FAYS FAZE FEAL FEAR FEAT FECK FEDS FEEB FEED FEEL FEEN FEER FEES FEET FEGS FEHM FEHS FEIS FELL FELT FEME FEMS FEND FENI FENS FENT FEOD FERE FERM FERN FESS FEST FETA FETE FETS FETT FEUDEY FEUS FEEW F FICE FICO FIDO FIDS FIEF FIER FIFE FIGO FIGS FIKE FIKY FILA FILL FILE FILM FILO FILS FIND FINE FINI FINK FINO FINS FIQH FIRE FIRK FIRM FIRN FIRS FISC FISH FISK FIST FIT FITT FIVE FIXT FIZZ FLAG FLAG FLAM FLAM FLAP FLAT FLAG FLAG FLAM FLAM FLAP FLAT FLAT FLAX FLEA FLED FLEE FLEG FLEW FLEX FLEY FLIC FLIM FLIP FLIR FLIT FLIX FLOB FLOC FLOE FLOG FLOP FLOR FLOW FLOX FLUB FLUE FLUS FLUX FOAM FOAM FOBS FOCI FOEN FOES FOGS FOGY FOHN FOID FOIL FOIN FOLD FOLK FOND FONE FONS FONT FOOD FOOL FOOT FOPS FORA FORB FORD FORE FORK FORM FORT FOSS FOUD FOUL FOUR FOUS FOWL FOXY FOYS FOZY FRAB FRAE FRAG FRAP FRAS FRAT FRAU FRAY FREE FRET FRIB FRIG FRIS FRIT FRIZ FROE FROG FROM FROS FROW FRUG FUBS FUCI FUCK FUDS FUEL FUFF FUGS FUGU FUJI FULL FUME FUMS FUMY FUND FUNG FUNK SPASS FURL FURR FURS FURY FUSC FUSE FUSS FUST FUST FUTZ FUZE FUZZ FYCE FYKE FYLE FYRD GABS GABY GADE GADI GADS GAED GAEN GAES GAFF GAGA GAGE ​​GAGS GAID GAIN GAIR GAIT GAJO GAKS GALA GALE GALL GALS GAMA GAMB GAME GAMP GAMS GAMY GANE GANG GANS GANG GAPOOL GAPS GAPY GARB GARE GARI GARS GART GASH GASP GUEST GATE GATH GATS GAUD GAUM GAUN GAUP GAUR GAUS GAVE GAWD GAWK GAWP GAWS GAYS GAZE GAZY GEAL GEAN GEAR GEAT GECK GEDS GEED GEEK GEEP GEES GEEZ GEEZ GEIT GEL GELS GELT GEMS GENA GENE GENS GHENT GENU GEOS GERE GERM GERS GERT GEST GETA GETS GEUM GHAT GHEE GHIS GIBE GIBS GIDS GIED GIEN GIES GIFT GIGA GIGS GILA GILD GILL GILT GIMP GING GINK GINN GINS GIOS GIPS GIRD GIRL GIRN GIRO GIRR GIRT GISM GIST GITE GITS GIVE GIZZ GJUS GLAD GLAM GLED GLEE GLENG GLEG LEY GLIA GLIB GLID GLIM GLIT GLOB GLOM GLOP GLOW GLUE GLUG GLUM GLUT GNAR GNAT GNAW GNOW GOAD GOAF GOAL GOAS GOAT GOBI GOBO GOBS GOBY GODS GOEL GOER GOES GOEY GOFF GOGO GOJI GOLD GOLE GOLF GOLP GOOG GOJI GOLD GOLE GOLF GOLP GO GONG GOOP GOOD GOOD GOOD OK GOOL OFN GOOOL GOOR GOOS GORA GORE GORI GORM GORP GORY GOSH GOSS GOTH GOUK GOUT GOVS GOWD GOWF GOWK GOWL DRESS GOYS GRAB GRAD GRAM GRAN GRAT GRAV GRAY GREE GREN GREW GREX GRAY GRID GRIG GRIM GRIN GRIP GRIS GRIT GROG GROK GROT GROT GROW GRRL GRUB GRUE GRUM GUAN GUAR GUBS GUCK GUDE GUES GUFF GUGA GUID GULA GULE GULF GULL GULP GULS GULY GUMP GUMS GUNG GUNK GUNS GUPS GURL GURN GURS GURU GUSH GUST GUTS GUVS GUYS GYAL JIBE GYMP GYMS GYNY GYPS GYRE GYRI GG GYETRO GG HAESVE HAAF HAAR HABU HACK HAGS HAHA HAHS HAIK HAIL HAIN HAIR HAJI HAJJ HAKA HAKE HAKU HALE HALF HALL HALM HALO HALT HAME HAMS HAND HANG HANK HANT HAOS HAPS HAPU HARD HARE HARK HARL HARM HARN HARO HARP HART HASH HASK HASP HASS HAST HATE HAT HATEHAP HAUL HAUT HAVE HAWK HAWM H AWS HAYS HAZE HAZE HEAD HEAP HEAR HEAT HEBE HECH HECK HEED HEEL HEFT HEHS HEID HEIL HEIR HELD HELE HELL HELM HELO HELP HEME HEMP HEMS HEND HENS HENT HEPS HEPT HERB HERDE HIER HERL HERM HERN HELD HERER HERY HESP HEST HETE HETH HETS HEWN HEWS HEYS HICK HIDE HIED HIES HIGH HIKE HILA HILD HILI HILL HILT HIMS HIND HING HINS HINT HIOI HIPS HIPT HIRE HISH HISN HISS HIST HITS HIVE HIYA HIZZ HOAR HOAS HOAX HOBO HOBS HOCK HODS HOED HOER HOES HOGG HOGH HOGS HOHA HOHS HOIK HOKA HOKE HOKI HOLD HOLE HOLK HOLM HOLP HOLT HOLT HOLY HOMA HOME HOMO HOMS HOMY HOND HONE HONG HONK HONS HOOD HOOF HOOK HOON HOOP HOOR HOOT HOPE HOPS HORA HORE HORI HORN HORS HOSE HOSS HOST HOTE HOTS HOUF HOUR HOUT HOVE HOW HOW HOWK HOUL HOW HOYA HOYS HUBS HUCK HUED HUER HUES HUFF HUGE HUGS HUGY HUHU HUIA HUIC HUIS HULA HULE HULK HULL HUMA HUMF HUMP HUMP HUMS HUNG HUNH HUNK HUNS HUNTING HUPS HURL HURT HUSH HUSK HUSO HUSS HUTS HWAN HWYL HYED HYEN HYES HYKE HYLA HYLE HYMN ICE HYPE HYPE HYPO HYPS HYTE IAMB I IRON ISBA ISIT ISLE ISMS ISNA ISOS ITAS ITCH ITEM IWIS IXIA IZAR JAAP JABS JACK JADE JAFA JAGA JAGG JAGS JAIL JAKE JAKS JAMB JAMS JANE JANN JAPE JAPS JARK JARP JARS JASP JASS JASY JATO JAUK JAUP JAVA JAWS JAXY JAYS JAZY JAZZ JEAN JEAT JEDI JEED JEEL JEEP JEER JEES JEEZ JEFE JEFF JEHU JELL JEON JERK JESS JEST JETE JETS JEUX JEWS JIAO JIBB JIBE JIBS JIFF JIGS JILL JILT JIMP JINK JINN JINS JINX JIRD JISM JO JIVE JIVY JIZZ JOBE JOBS JOCK JOCO JOES JOEY JOGS JOKY JOLE JOLL JOLS JOLT JOMO JONG JOOK JORS JOSH JOSS JOTA JOTS JOUK JOUR JOWL JOWS JOYS JUBA JUBE JUCO JUDO JUDS JUDY JUGA JUGS JUJU JUKE JUKU JUMP JUNK JUPE JURA JURE JURY JUST JUTE JUTS JUVE JYNX KAAL KAAS KABS KACK KADE KADI KAED KAES KAGOKAGU KAID KAIE KAIF KAIK KAIL KAIM KAIN KAISKAKA KAKI KAKS KALE KALI KAMA KAME KAMI KANA KANE KANG KANS KANT KAON KAPA KAPH KARA KARK KARN KARO KART KATA KATI KATS KAVA KAWA KAWS KAYO KAYS KAZI KBAR KEAS KEBS KECK KEDS KEEF KEEK KEEL KEEN KEFS KEGS KEIR KEKS KELL KELP KELT KENOMB KENS KENT KEPI KEPS KEPT CURB KERF KERN KERO KESH KEST KETA KETE KETO KETS KEWL KEYS KHAF KHAN KHAT KHET KHIS KHOR KHUD KIBE KICK KIDS KIEF KIER KIEV KILK KIFS KIKE KILD KILL INA KILN KILO KILO KIND KINE KING KINK KINO KINS KIPE KIPP KIPS KIRK KIRN KISH KISS KIST KITE KITH KITS KIVA KIWI KLAP KLIK KNAG KNAP KNAR KNEE KNEW STICKKNOB KNOP KNOT KNOW KNUB KNUR KNUT KOAN KOAP KOAS KOBO KOBS KOEL KOFF KOHA KOHL KOIS KOJI KORA KORE KORO KORS KORU KOSS KOTOKUIA KOWS KRAB KRIS KUES KUIA KUDO KUDO L ARE LARI LARK LARN LARS LASE LASH LASS LAST LATE LATH LATI LATS LATU LAUD RUN LAVA LAVE LAVS LAWK LAWN LAWS LAYS LAZE LAZO LAZY LEAF LEAF LEAK LEAL LEAM LEAN LEAP LEAR LEAS LEAT LECH LEED LEED LEEP LEER LEES LEET LEFT LEGS LEHR LEIR LEIS LEKE LEKS LEKU LEME LEND LENG LENO LENS LENT LEPS LEPT LERE LERP LESS LEST LETS LEUD LEVA LEVE LEVO LEVY LEWD LEYS LEZZ LIAR LIAS LIBS LICE LICH LICK LIDO LIDS LIED LIED LIEN LIER LIES LIEU LIFE LIFT LIGS LIKE LILL LILO LILT LILY LIMA LIMB LIME LIMN LIMO LIMP LIMY LIND LINE LING LINK LINN LINO LINS LINT LINY LION LIPA LIPE LIPO LIPS LIRA LIRE LIRI LIRK LISK LISP LISTE LITE LITH LITS LITU LIVE LOAD LOAF LOAM LOAN LOBE LOBI LOBO LOBS LOCA HOLE LOCI LOCK LOCO LODE LODS LOFT LOGE LOGO LOGO LOID LOID LOIR LOKE LOLL LOMA LOME LONE LONG LOOF LOOF LOOK LOOM LOON LOOP LOOR LOOS LOOT LOPE LOPS LORD LOSE LORE LORNLOSS LOST LOTA LOTE LOTH LOTI LOTO LOTS LOUD LOUN LOUP LOUR LOUS LOUT LOVE LOWE LOWN LOWP LOWS LOWT LOYS LUAU LUBE LUCE LUCK LUD.DE LUDO S LUES LUFF LUGE LUGS LUIT LUKE LULL LULU LUMA LUMP LUMS LUNA LUNE LUNG LUNK LUNT LUNY LUNY LUST LUTE LUTZ LUVS LUXE LWEI LYAM LYCH LYES LYME LYMS LYNE LYNX LYRA LYRE LYSE LYTE MAAR MAAS MABE MACE MACK MACS MADE MADS MAGI MAES MAGE MAGS MAHA MAID MAIK MAIL MAIM MAIN MAIR MAKE MAKI MAKO MAKS MALA MALE MALI MALL MALM MALS MALT MAMA MAMS MANA MAND MANE MANG MANI MANO MANS MANY CARDS MARA MARC MARD MARE MARG MARK MARL MARM MARS MART MARY MASA MASE MASH MASK MASS MAST MASU MATE MATH MATS MATT MATY MAUD MAUL MAUN MAUT MAWK MAWN MAWR MAWS MAXI MAYA MAYO MAYS MAZE MAZY MEAD MEAL MEAT MECK MEDS MEED MEEK MEER MEES MEET MEFF MEGA MEGS MY MELA MELD MELL MELS MELT MEME MEMO MEMS MEND MENE MENG MENO MENT MENU MEOU MIAU MERC MERE MERI MERK MERL MESA MESE MESH MESS META METE METH METS MEUS MEVE MEWL MEWS MEZE MEZZ MHOS MIBS MICAMEE MICH MICK MICO MICS MIDI MIDS MIEN MIFF MIGG MIGS MIHA MIHI MIKE MILD MILE MILF MILK MILL MILO MILS MILT MIME MINA MIND MINE MING MINI MINK MINO MINT MINX MINY MIPS MIRE MIRI MIRK MIRO MIRS MIRV MIRY MISE MISO MISS MIST MITE MITT MITY MIXT MIXY MIZZ MNAS MOAI MOAN MOAT MOAT MOBE MOBS MOBY MOCH MOCK MOCS MODE MODI MODS MOER MOES MOFO MOGS MOHR MOIL MOIT MOJO MOKE MOKI MOKO MOLA MOLD MOLE MOLL MOLS MOLT MOLY MOME MOMI MOMS MONA MONG MONK MONO MONS MONY MOOD MOOI MOOK MOOL MOON MOOP MOOR MOOS MOOT MOPE MOPS MOPY MORA MORE MORN MORS MORT MOSE MOSK MOSS MOST MOTE MOTH MOTI MOTS MOTT MOTU MOUE MOUP MOUS MOVE MOWA MOWN MOWS MOXA MOYA MOYL MOYS MOZE MOZO MOZZ MUCH MUCK SCHMUDS MUFF MUGG MUGS MUID MUIL MUIR MULE MULL MUMM MUMP MUMS MUMU MUNG MUNI MUNS MUNT MUON MURA MURE MURK MURL MURR MUSE MUSH MUSH MUSK MUSO MUSS MUSS STUMM MUTI MUTS MUTT MUZZ MWAH MYAL MYZECS MYNA BEXO MTHOS MYNA BEXO MTHOS NABS TO NADA NADS NAFF NAGA NAGS NAIF NAIK NAIL NAIN NALA NAME NAMS NAMU NANS NALA NAME NAMS NANAOI NAOS NAPA NECK NAP NARC NARD NARE NARK NARY NATS NAVE NAVY NAYS NAZE NAZI NEAL NEAP NEAR NEAT NEBS NECK NEDS NEED NEEM NEEP NEFS NEGS NEIF NEKS NEMA NEMN NENE NEON NEPS NERD NERK NESH NESS NEST NETE NETS NETT NEUK NEUM NEVE NEVI NGAI NIBS NICE NICK NIDE NIDI NIDS NIED NIEF NIES NIFE NIFF NAGH NILL NILS NIMB NIMS NINE NIPA NIPS NIRL NISH NISI NITE NITE NITS NIXY NOAH NOBS NOCK NODE NODI NODS NOEL NOES NOGG NOGS NOIL NOIR NOLE NOLL NOLO NOMA NOME NOMS NONA NONE NONG NONI NOOB NOOK NOON NOOP NOPE NORI NORK NORM NOSH NOSY NOTA NOTE NOTT NOUL NOUN NOUP NOUS NOUT NOVA NOWL NOWN NOWS NOW NOWY NOYS NUBS NUDE NUFF NUKE NULL NUMB NUNS NURD NURL NUR NURS NUTS NYAS NYED NYES OAFS OAKS OAKY OARS OARY OAST OATH OATS OATY OBAS OBES OBEY OBIA OBIS OBIT OBOE OBOL OBOS OCAS OCCY OCHE OCTA ODAH ODAL ODAS ODDS ODEA ODES ODIC ODOR ODSO ODYL OFAY OFFS OFFY OH OGAM OGEE OGLE OGSIARE ED OHMS OIKARE OHMS OILS OILY OINK OINT OKAS OKAY OKEH OKES OKRA OKTA OLDE OLDS OLEOLIO OLLA OLMS OLPE OMBU OMEN OMER OMIT OMOV ONCE ONIE ONLY ONOS ONST ON ONUS ONYX OOFS OOFY OOHS OOMS OONS OONT OOPS OOSE OOSY OOTS OOZE OOZY OPAH OPAL OPED OPEN OPES OPPO OPT S OPUS ORAD ORAL ORBS ORBY ORCA ORCS ORDO ORDS ORES ORFE ORFS ORGY ORLE ORRA ORTS ORYX ORZO OSAR OSSA OTIC OTTO ALSO OUDS OUKS OULD OULK OUMA OUPA OUPH OUPS OUR OUR DISTRIBUTED OUTS OUZO OVAL OVEL OVEN OVER OVUM OWER OWE OWS OWLY OWN OWRE OWSE OWTS OXEN OXER OXES OXID OXIM OYER PAAL OYES PACE PACK PACO PACS PACT PACY PADI PADS PAGE PAHS PAID PAIK PAIL PAIN PAIR PAIS PALL PALL PALM PALP PALS PALY PAMS PAND PANE PANG PANS PANTS PAPA PAPE PAPS PARA PARD PARE PARK PARP PARR PARS PART PASE PASH OVER PAST PATH PATH PATS PATU PATY PAUA PAUL PAVE PAVS PAWA PAWK PAWL PAWN PAWS PAYS PEAG PEAK PEAL PEAN PEAR PEAS PEAT PEBA PECH PECK PECS PEDS PEED PEEK PEEL PEEN PEEP PEER PEES PEGH PEGS PEHS PEIN PEKE PELA PELE PELF PELL PELS FELL PEND PENE PENI PENK PENS PENT PEON PEPO PEPS PERE PERI PERKPERM PERN PERP PERT PERV PESO PEST PETS PEWS PFFT PFUI PHAT PHEW PHIS PHIZ PHOH PHON PHOS PHOT PHUT PIAL PIAN PIAS PICA PICE PICK PICS PIED PIER PIES PIET PIGS PIKA PIKE PIKI PILA STAPE L PILI PILL PILY PIMA PIMP PINA PINE PING PINK PINS PINT PINY PION PIOY PIPA PIPE PIPI PIPS PIPY PIRL PIRN PIRS PISE PISH PISO PISS PITA PITH PITS PITY PIUM PIXY PIZE PLAN PLAP PLAT PLAY PLEA PLEB PLED PLEW PLEX PLIE PLIM PLOD PLOP PLOT PLLOW PLOY PLUE PLUG PLUS POAS POCK POCO PODS POEM POCO POEP POET POGO POGY POKE POKY POLE POLK POLL POLO POLS POLT POLY POME POMO POMP POMS POND PONE PONK PONS PONT PONY POOD POOF POOH POOK POOL POON POON POOP POOR POOS POOT POPE POPS PORE PORK PORN PORT PORY POSE POSH POSS POST POSY POTE POTS POTT POUF POWUK POUR POWS POXY POZZ PRAD PRAM PRAO PRAT PRAU PRAY PREE PREM PREP PREX PREY PREZ PRIG PRIM PROB PROD PROF PROF PROG PROM PROO PROP PROS PROW PRUH PRYS PSIS PSST PTUI PUBE PUBS PUCE PUCK PUDS PUDU PUER PUFF PUGH PUGS PUHA PUIR PUJA PUKA PUKE PUKU PUKY PULAPULE PULI PULK PULL PULP PULS PULU PULY PUMA PUMP PUMY PUNA PUNG PUNK PUNS PUNT PUNY PUPA PUPS PUPU PURE PURI PURL PURR PURS PUSH PUSS PUTS PUTT PUTZ PUYS PYAS PYAT PYES PYET PYIC P YIN PYNE PYOT PYRE PYRO QADI QAID QATS QINS QOPH QUAD QUAG QUAI QUAT QUAY QUEP QUEY QUID QUIM QUIN QUIP QUIT QUIZ QUOD QUOP RABI RACA RACE RACK RACY RADE RADS RAFF RAFT RAGA RAGE RAGG RAGI RAGS RAGU RAHS RAIA RAID RAIK RAIL RAIN RAIS RAIT RAJA RAIS RAIT RAKI RAKU RALE RAMI RAMP RAMS RANA RAND RANG RAN I RANK RAN RAPS RAPT RARE RARK RASE RASH RASP RAST RATA RATE RATH RATO RATS RATU RAUN RAVE RAVS RAWN RAWS RAYA RAYS RAZE RAZZ READ REAK REAL REAM REAN REAP REAR REBS RECK RECS REDD REDE REDO REDS REED REEF REEK REEL REEN REES REFS REFT REGO REGS REHS REIF REIK REIN REIS REKE RELY REMS REND RENK RENS RENT RENY REOS REPO REPP REPS RESH REST RETE RETS REWS REWS RHEA RHOS RHUS RIAD RIAL RIAS RIBA RIBS RICE RICH RICK RICY RIDE RIDS RIEL RIEM RIFE RIFF RIFS RIFT RIGG RIGS RILE RILL RIMA RIME RIMS RIMU RIMY RINDRINE RING RINK RINS RIOT RIPE RIPP RIPS RIPT RISE RISK RISP RITE RITS RIDE RITZ RIVA RIVE RIVO RIZA ROAD ROAM ROAN ROAR ROBE ROBS ROCH ROCK ROCS RODE RODS ROED ROES ROIL ROIN ROJI ROKE ROKS RO KY ROLE ROLF ROLL ROMA ROMP ROMS RONE RONG RONT ROOD ROOF ROOK ROOM ROON ROOP ROOS ROOT ROPE ROPY RORE RORT RORY ROSE ROST ROSY ROTA ROTE ROTI ROTL ROTO ROTS ROUE ROUL ROUM ROUP ROUT ROUX ROVE ROWS ROWT RUBE RUBS RUBY RUCK RUCS RUDD RUDE RUDS RUED RUER RUES RUFF RUGA RUGS RUIN RUKH RULE RULY RUME RUMP RUMS RUND RUNE RUNG RUNS RUNT RURP RURU RUSA RUSE RUSH RUSK RUST RUTH RUTS RYAL RYAS RYES RYFE RYKE RYND RYOT RYPE SAAG SABE SABS SACK SACS SADE SADI SADO SADS SAFE SAFT SAGA SAGE SAGS SAGY SAICAGE SAID SAIL SAIM SAIN SAIR SAIS SAKE SAKI SALE SALL SALP SALS SALT SAMA SAME SAMP SAMS SAND SANE SANG SANK SANS SANT SAPS SARD SARI SARK SARS SASH SASS SATE SATI SAUL SAUT SAVE SAVS SAWN SAWS SAXE SAYS SCAB SCAD SCAG SCAM SCAN SCAR SCAT SCAW SCOG SCOP SCOT SCOW SCRY SCUD SCUG SCUL SCUM SCUP SCUR SCUTSCYE SEAL SEAM SEAN SEAR SEAS SEAT SECH SECO SECS SECT SEED SEEK SEEM SEEN SEEP SEER SEES SEGO SEGS SEIF SEIK SEIL SEIR SEIS SEKT SELD SELE SELF SELL SELS SEME SEMI SENA SENE SENS SENT S EPS SEPT SERA SERE SERF SERK SERR SERS SESE SESH SESS SETS SETS SETT SEWN SEWS SEXT SEXY SEYS SHAD SHAG SHAH SHAM SHAN SHAT SHAW SHAY SHEA SHED SHES SHET SHEW SHIM SHIN SHIP SHIR SHIT SHIV SHMO SHOD SHOE SHOG SHOO SHOP SHOT SHOW SHRI SHUL SHUN SHUT SHWA SIAL SIBB SIBS SICE SICH SICK SICS SIDA SIDE SIDH SIEN SIES SIFT SIGH SIGN SIJO SIKA SIKE SIKE SILD SILE SILK SILL SILO SILT SIMA SIMI SIMP SIMS SIND SINE SING SINH SINH SINK SINS SIPE SIPS SIRE SIRI SIRS SISS SIST SITE SITH SITS SEAT SIZE SIZY SJOE SKAG SKAS SKAT SKAW SKEE SKEG SKEN SKEO SKEP SKER SKET SKEW SKID SKIM SKIN SKIO SKIP SKI SKIT SKOL SKRY SKUA SKUG SKYF SKYR SLAB SLAE SLAG SLAM SLAP SLAT SLAW SLAY SLEB SLED SLEE SLEW SLEY SLIM SLIM SLIP SLIT SLOB SLOE SLOG SLOP SLOT SLOW SLUB SLUE SLUE SLUM SLUR SLUT SMEE SMEW SMIR SMIT SMOG SMUG SMUR SMUTSNAB SNAG SNAP SNAR SNAW SNEB SNED SNEE SNIB SNIG SNIP SNIT SNOB SNOD SNOG SNOT SNOW SNUB SNOW SNUB SNUG SNYE SOAP SOAR SOBA SOBS SOBS SOCA SOCK SOCS SODA SODS SOFA HS SOIG SOHO SOFT L SOYA SOKE SOLA SOLD SOLE SOLI SOLO SOLS SOMA SOME SOMS SOMY SONE SONG SONS SOOK SOOL SOOM SOON SOOP SOOT SOPH SOPS SORA SORB SORD SORE SORI SORN SORT SOSS SOTH SOTS SOUK SOUL SOUM SOUP SOUR SOUS SOUT SOVS SOWF SOWL SOWM SOWN SOWP SOWS SOYA SOYS SPAE SPAG SPAM SPAN SPAR SPAS SPAT SPAW SPAY SPAZ SPEC SPED SPEK SPET SPEW SPIC SPIE SPIF SPIK SPIM SPIN SPIT SPIV SPOD SPOT SPRY SPUD SPUE SPUG SPUN SPUR SRIS STAB STAG STAP STAR STAT STAW STAY STAY STED STEM STEN STEP STET STEW STEY STIE STIM STIR STOA STOB STOP STOT STOW STUB STUD STUM STUN STYE SUBA SUBS SUCH SUCK SUDD SUDS SUED SUER SUES SUET SUGH SUGO SUGS SUID SUIT SUKH SUKS SULK SULU SUMO SUMP SUMP SUMP SUMY SUNG SUNI SUNI SUNK SUNN SUNS SUPE SUPS SUQS SURA SURF SURE SURF SWAG SWAM SWAN SWAP SWAT SWAY SWEE SWEY SWIG SWIM SWIZ SWOB SWOP SWOT SWUMSYED SYEN SYES SYKE SYLI SYNC SYND SYNE SYPE SYPH TAAL TABI TABS TABU TACE TACH TACK TACO TACT TADS TAED TAEL TAES TAGS TAHA TAHR TAIG TAIL TAIN TAIS TAIT TAKA TAKE TAKI TAKS TA KY TALA TALC TALE TALI TALK TALL TAME TAMP TAMS TANA TANE TANK TANS TAOS TAPA TAPE TAPS TAPU TARA TARE TARN TARO TARP TARS TART TASH TASK TASS TATE TATH TATS TATT TATU TAUS TAUT TAVA TAVS TAWA TAWS TAWT TAXA TAXI TAYS TEAD TEAK TEAM TEAM TEAM TEAS TEAT TECH TECS TEDS TEDY TEED TEEK TEEL TEEM TEFS TEGG TEGS TEGU TEHR PART TEIN TELA TELD TELE TELL TELS TELT TEME TEMP TEMS TENE TENS ZELT TEPA TERF TERM TERM TEST TETE TETH TETS TEWS TEXT THAE ALS THAR THAW THEE THEE THEN THEWIGI THIG THIG THIR THIR THON THOU THOU THUD THUG THUS TIAN TIAR TICE TICH TICK TICS TIDE TIDS TIDY TIED TIER TIES TIFF TIFT TIGE TIGS TIKA TIKE TIKI TIKS TILE TILL TILS TILT TIME TINA TIND TINE TING TINK TINS ​​TINT TINY TIPI TIPS TIPT TIRE TIRL TIRO TIRR TITE TITI TITS TIVY TIZZ TOAD TOBY TOCKTOCO TOCS TODS TODY TOEA TOED TOES TOEY TOFF TOFT TOFU TOGA TOGE TOGS TOHO TOIL TOIT TOKE TOKO TOLA TOLD TOLE TOLL TOLT TOLU TOMB TOME TOMO TOMS TONE TONG TONK TONS TONY TOOK TOOL TOOM TOON TOOT TOPE TOPH TOPI TO PO TOPS TORA TORC TORES TORI TORN TORO TORR TORS TORT TORY TOSA TOSE TOSH TOSS TOST TOTE TOTS TOUK TOUN TOUR TOUT TOWN TOWS TOWT TOWY TOYO TOYS TOZE TRAD TRAM TRAP TRAT TRAY TREE TREF TREK TRES TRET TREW TREY TREZ TRIE TRIG TRIM TRIN TRIO TRIP TRIP TROD TROG TRON TROP TROT TROW TROY TRUE TRUG TRYE TRYP TSAR TSKS TUAN TUBA TUBE TUBS TUCK TUFA TUFF TUFT TUGS TUIS TULE TUMP TUMS TUNA TUND TUNE TUNG TUNS TUNY TUPS TURD TURF TURK TOWER TURN TUSH TUSK TUTS TUTU TUZZ TWAE TWAL TWAS TY TY TYEDYES TYIN TYKE TYMP TYND TYNE TYPE TYPO TYPP TYPY TIRE TYRO TYTE TZAR UDAL UDON UDOS UEYS UFOS UGHS UGLY UKES ULAN ULES ULEX ULNA ULUS ULVA UMBO UMMA UMPH UMPS UMPY UMRA UMUS UNAI UNAU UNBE UNCE UNCI UNCO UNDE UNDO UNDYUPS UNIS UNIT UNTO UPBY UPBYUPON UPSY UPTA URAO URBS URDE URDS URDY UREA URES URGE URIC URNS URPS URSA URUS URVA USED USER USES UTAS UTES UTIS UTUS UVAE UVAS UVEA VACS VADE VAES VAGI VAGS VAIL VAIN VAIR VALE VALI VAMP VANE VANG VANS VANT VARA VARE VARS VARY VASA VASE VAST VATS VATU VAUS VAUT VAVS VAWS VEAL VEEP VEER VEES VEGA VEGO VEHM VEIL VEIN VELA VELD VELE VELL VENA VEND VENT VERA VERB VERD VERS VERT VERY VEST VETO VETS VEXT VIAE VIAL VIAS VIBE VIBS VICE VIDE VIDS VIED FOUR VIES VIGA VIGS VILD VILE VILL VIMS VINA VINE VINO VINS VINT VINY VIOL VIRE VIRL VISA VISE VITA VITE VIVA VIVE VIVO VIZY VLEI VLOG VOAR VOES VOID VOIP VOLA VOLE VOLK VOLS VOLT VORS VOTE VOWS VRIL VROT VROU VROW VUGG VUGH VUGS VUGS VULN VUMS WAAC WABS WACK WADD WADE WADI WADS WADT WADY WAES WAFF WAFT WAGE WAGS WAID WAIF WAIL WAIN WAIR WAIS WAIT WAKA WAKE WAKF FOREST WALE WALI WALK WALL WALY WAND WANE WANG WANK WANS WANT WANY WAPS WAQF WARB WARD WARE WARK WARM WARN WARP WARS WART WARE WASH WASP WAST WATE WATS WATT WAUK WAUL WAUR WAVEWAVY WA WAWE WAWL WAWS WAXY WAYS WEAK WEAL WEAN WEAR WEBS WEED WEED WEEK WEEL WEEM WEEP WEER WEES WEET WEFT WEID WEIL WEIR WEKA WELD WELK WELL WELT WEMB WEMS WENA WEND WENS WEPT WRE WERO WERT WEST WETA WETS WEXE WEYS WHAE WHAM WHAP WHAT WHEE WHEN WHET WHEW WHEY WHID WHIG WHIM WHIN WHIO WHIP WHIP WHIR WHIT WHIZ WHOA WHOM WHOP WHOT WHOW WHUP WHY WICE WICK WICK WIDE WIEL WIFE WIGS WIKI WILD WILE WILI WILL WILT WIMP WIND WINE WING WINK WINN WINO WINS WINY WIPE WISH WIRY WISE WISE WISP WISS WIST WITE WITH WITS WOMAN WOAD WOCK WOES WOFS WOGS WAKE WOKS WOLD WOLF WOMB WONK WONK WONS WONT WOOD WOOF WOOL WOON WOOS WOOT WOPS WORD WORE WORK WORM TAKEN WORD WOST WOTS WOVE WOWF WOWS WRAP WREN WUDS WUDU WULL WUSS WYCH WYES WYLE WYND WYNN WYNS WYTE XRAY XYST YAAR YABA YACK YADS YAFF YAGI YAGS YAHS YAKS YALD YALE YAMS YANG YANK YAPP YAPS YARD YARE YARK YARN YARR YATE YAUD YAUP YAWL GAWN YAWP YAWS YAWY YAYS YBET YEAD YEAH YEAN YEAR YEBO YECH YEDE YEED YEGG YELD YELD YELD YELKYELT YEN YETI YETT YEUK YEVE YEWS YGOE YIDS YIKE YILL YINS YIPE YIPS YIRD YIRK YIRR YITE YLEM YLKE YMPE YMPT YOBS YOCK YODE YODH YODS YOGA YOGH YOGH YOGI YOKE YOKS YOLD YOLK YOMP YOND YONI YONT YOOF YOURK YORE YOUS YOWE YOWL YOWS YUAN YUC A YUCH YUCK YUFT YUGA YUGS YUKE YUKO YUKS YUKY YULE YUMP YUNX YUPS YURT YUTZ YUZU YWIS ZACK ZAGS ZANY ZAPS ZARF ZARI ZATI ZEAL ZEAS ZEBU ZEDS ZEES ZEIN ZEKS ZELS ZIGS ZIGS ZILA ZILLA ZILL ZETA ZE ZE ZHOS ZIFF ZINK ZINE ZING ZING ZINS ZITS ZIZZ ZOBO ZOBU ZOEA ZOIC ZOLS ZONA ZONE ZONK ZOOM ZOON ZOOS ZOOT ZORI ZOUK ZULU ZUPA ZURF ZYGA ZYME ZZZS 5526 words exported from zyzzyva CSW12

We all need a good laugh every now and then. Not true? Especially now during the pandemic, it is quite natural for your little one to feel anxious and helpless from time to time. With our fun four-letter words, we hope to put your little one at ease.

Check out these funny four letter words below!

Funny four letter word list

Our list of funny four letter words is also a fun way to build your child’s vocabulary. Kids could even use these fun four-letter words as usernames for their game profiles!

blob

Am

Flop

Damned

Drat

Button

clearing

This is our list of funny four letter words! If you can think of any other funny four letter words, let us know.

Four letter words to build your child’s vocabulary

Now that we know some fun four letter words, let’s learn some more commonly used four letter words.

Dark lamp meat bark lean heat fern tie pack plot pale barn journey seat rate rope hit gate edge neat like dart hate grid post burn numb plan curb hard limp manger bird time hump goat frog show boat stub dust chase jaws quick throw blessings must fall pool lurk hare Loop Grab Hair File Trap Bare Pile Part Tear Pole Loot Fade Trot Tool Feed Trek Arms Feet Ogre Bunk Crab Fret Here Hope Turn Gear Mope Mint Cube Stroller Palm Free Cone Part Tree Cane Rage Mile

Try Osmo’s word game to improve your child’s reading and writing skills! In this digital-physical game, kids can arrange tangible letter tiles to match different images on the screen. It’s also a great way to improve their reading skills.

Visit the rest of our site for more literacy activities. We have picture words for kids, descriptive words for kids and more.

Frequently asked questions about funny four letter words

You are probably familiar with codes, ciphers and cryptograms. In a cryptogram, each letter in the message is replaced with a different letter of the alphabet.

For example, LET THE GAMES BEGIN can be encrypted

YZF FOZ JUKZH CZNQ.

In this cryptogram, Y replaces L, Z replaces E, F replaces T, and so on. Note that the same letter substitutions are used in this cryptogram: every E in the sentence is replaced with a Z, and every T is replaced with an F.

Solve the cryptogram using repeated letters and letter patterns in the words.

Hints

letter frequency

The most commonly used letters in the English language are e, t, a, i, o, n, s, h and r.

The most common letters at the beginning of words are t, a, o, d and w.

The most common letters at the end of words are e, s, d and t.

word frequency

Short words provide useful clues. One-letter words are either a or I.

or I. The most common two-letter words are to, of, in, it, is, as, at, be, we, he, so, on, an, or, do, if, up, by and my .

. The most common three letter words are the, and, are, because, not, but, had, has, was, all, any, one, man, from, you, be, her and can.

. The most common four-letter words are that, with, have, this, will, your, from, they, want, been, good, much, some, and very.

word endings

The most. Common word endings are -ed, -ing, -ion, -ist, -ous, -ent, -able, -ment, -tion, -ight and -ance.

double letters

The most common double letter combinations are ee, ll, ss, oo, tt,ff, rr, nn, pp and c c.

c. The most common double letters at the end of words are ee, ll, ss and ff.

punctuation

A comma is often followed by, and, or who.

. A question often begins with why, how, who, was, did, what, where or what.

Two words, often in front of quotation marks, are said and says.

Two letters that usually follow an apostrophe are t and s.

Solve this cryptogram

Download this cryptogram via New Vision (PDF; opens in a new window). Print out this document and decrypt the message.

A list of 4 letter words, including all valid 4 letter words for Scrabble. Like our lists of 2 letter words and 3 letter words, the 4 letter words are all taken from a major open source dictionary for Scrabble and are valid in US games.

Looking for extra help with a popular word game? Check out our free tools here:

Here is a list of four letter words for Scrabble:

4 letter words

3997 words found

A complete list of 4 letter words starting with S to improve your child’s vocabulary and language skills

The letter S is the nineteenth letter in the English alphabet and one of the most significant consonants. Good vocabulary is not created overnight, you need to introduce words to children from an early age. Once your kids are familiar with the letters, teach them 3 letter words for kids. Then introduce your kids to more complicated words, like four-letter words that start with S.

Learning four letter words starting with S is important to help children improve their vocabulary. In addition, learning these S words for kids will help kids form meaningful sentences. Four-letter words that start with S are simple words that children can easily learn. Use the list below to help your little one build strong vocabulary.

List of four letter words starting with S

Here is a comprehensive list of four letter words starting with S to improve your child’s verbal competency.

Said Seat Swim Some Skin Swap Such Suit Snap Same Ship Stir Site Shut Semi Show Salt Wound Seen Song Sang Side Sole Spun Sure Soil Sail Size Sick Skip Sale Soul Slid Sold Snow Swan Safe Sand Spur Soon Seed Sour Stop Sake Sack Step Slip Slam Sell Spin Sank Stay Sing Sage Seem Span Surf Sent Shed Sung Sort Seal Sigh Send Stem Soda Sign Solo Saga Star Soup Sofa Save Slot Slap Shop Scan Sunk Self Sink Scot Shot Soap Slab Seek Silk Sway Slow Shoe Scar Soft Slim Spot Suck Soar Spit

Activities to help kids learn four letter words that start with S

Once your kids have mastered this list of four letter words that start with S, help them spell the words. Here are some easy activities to help your child repeat those words.

Writing: Writing the words is a great way to help kids remember four letter words that start with S. Try writing games for kids to increase their interest in writing and learning words.

Writing the words is a great way to help kids remember four letter words that start with S. Try writing games for kids to increase their interest in writing and learning words. Fill in the Blanks: Activities like filling in the blanks are a great way to test your child’s knowledge of 4-letter words starting with S. Here are some fill-in-the-blank questions to get you started.

__O O N S __ G E __ P A N S __ N D __ E A T

You can help children get involved in activities such as B. Choosing the right words to complete the sentence. These activities help children repeat the words they have learned and help them remember the words easily.

For example, “Better stay ____ than sorry.” The four-letter word that starts with S and completes this sentence is “safe.”

Games: Games and hands-on activities are wonderful tools to encourage your child’s word learning. Word puzzles for kids and crossword puzzles are very helpful to make kids learn words. These activities not only make vocabulary lessons fun, but they also help kids learn how to spell words.

Quiz: Make learning four-letter words starting with S an interactive process by quizzing your kids about the words. Here are some fun questions to get you started.

An unofficial list of all Scrabble words that you can make blank from the letters of the word. You can create anagrams and words with an extra letter just by using the blank letters!

This page is a list of all words that can be made from the letters in empty or by rearranging the word empty. These words should be suitable for use as Scrabble words or in games like Words With Friends.

In some cases, words don’t have anagrams, but we let you find the longest words by swapping the letters. Using this tool is a great way to find out what words can be created – you will be surprised how many words contain many anagrams!

It is possible to have a word with multiple apostrophes. While it’s not recommended to use this form when writing something like an essay, it can be helpful when writing dialogue for a character.

Some examples:

“I shouldn’t have done that.”

“We couldn’t have been there.”

The example “y’all’s” given is a bit unusual, but wouldn’t look out of place in character dialogue and can be used correctly as such.

Contractions are so common that most of us don’t even realize we’re using them. Since we’re a culture that thrives on efficiency, we expect them to use contractions when two people are talking to each other to move the conversation forward.

Remember the scene in Zootopia where the sloths move so slowly the bunny can hardly stand it? When people use formal English in spoken interactions, it can feel like this to the listener!

Since we like to move quickly in conversations, contractions help speed up dialogue without losing the intended meaning.

What is a contraction?

A contraction is a shortened form of a word. You make a contraction by taking out letters or sounds and replacing them with an apostrophe.

The most common contractions consist of verbs, auxiliary verbs or modal verbs.

We’ll talk about abbreviations in detail below, but just so we’re on the right page, common abbreviations in the English language include: Don’t, can’t, I’m, You’re, Wouldn’t, and many more.

Contract Usage Rules

There are a few rules to keep in mind when using contractions. Here are the most basic rules to keep in mind when writing:

Don’t double

Although we might do it when we speak, you can’t double contractions. So even if you want to say shouldn’t have, you can’t write shouldn’t have. This is only acceptable if you are writing fiction and creating a tone for your writing. If you are writing an academic paper, this is unacceptable.

There are very rare instances where a doubling of contractions is acceptable. With most fonts, it’s a safe assumption that you don’t have to use them.

Pay attention to the placement

Most contractions cannot come at the end of a sentence. If you’re not sure you can put one on the end, expand the contraction and decide if it makes sense. For example, “When it’s time to go, let’s go!” expands to “When it’s time to go, let’s!”. That doesn’t sound right because it isn’t.

The only time contractions are allowed at the end of a sentence is when you use negative contractions. “If you plan to come, don’t” is expanded to “If you plan not to come”.

Know

homophones

Make sure you use it correctly. Because many contractions are homophones, they can easily be confused with other words.

They’re (they are), their, and there, are often confused and misused in writing. It is and it is another. If you’re ever worried, use the wrong word in a sentence, expand the contraction and see if it makes sense.

For example, “they are is the barn” expands to “they are is the barn”. We know this makes absolutely no sense, so we’re using the wrong word in this sentence.

Apostrophes for possession

There is one more contraction to be aware of. It’s the apostrophe we add to indicate ownership of something. Harry’s razor tells the reader that the razor belongs to Harry.

While this is a contraction, it is also possessive. You can’t expand it to read, “Harry is razor sharp.” That wouldn’t make any sense.

Examples of contractions

There are many common contractions in the English language, so we’ve put them together for you. Note that many conjugations are of the form sein.

Contraction Meaning Example Let’s watch the fireworks together. Isn’t* I’m not, aren’t, isn’t, didn’t, didn’t you’ve never seen anyone like that. Y’all* You all Have you been to the new car wash? I am, I am, I’m going to have lunch. Here is Here is Here are the papers you asked for. You are you are you are really good at it! That’s because I was studying for the test. He is he is he is a great friend. It’s time to get our toys! She is she is she will get this scholarship. We want to go next week. You are you are you will never win. I’m gonna end this today. We’re gonna, we’re gonna, we’re gonna have so much fun! You will you will have to ask your mother. It will take about twenty minutes. He will, he will, he will pay for it! She will she will call you in this register. I have I have I have never been here. Should have I should have checked with the teacher first. You’ve never seen a sundae like this before. Could have I could have done if you’d only asked. You’ve you’ve never been to Disney. I would, I would, I would ask your mother first. We’ve just finished our chores. They would, they would, they would leave before it was time to clean up. You would You would make a great doctor. We would We would like to have dinner with you. He would He would He would like to invite your daughter to the prom. She would, she would, she would always ask before eating a cookie. Didn’t I know that I didn’t know that you know her? Please don’t, don’t touch this. Doesn’t she look like a princess, does she? Can’t, can’t, I can’t come out today. Isn’t that your friend? are not are not We are not available that day. Shouldn’t Shouldn’t I shouldn’t have gone. Couldn’t couldn’t believe my eyes. Wouldn’t Wouldn’t You wouldn’t know. Isn’t Isn’t She didn’t come home. Wasn’t Wasn’t It wasn’t what I expected. I won’t be able to come that day. Aren’t you friends, aren’t you?

*A note on regional dialogue

Some contractions are only used in certain regions, e.g. B. in the southern United States. These words, like y’all and ain’t, are not typically used by Northerners.

This dialect feature makes people from these regions unique and connects them. These words are generally considered slang and should therefore not be used in writing.

When should I use contractions?

Contractions are so common in our language that we often don’t even realize we’re using them. Because of this, many people don’t even think there’s a time when you shouldn’t be using them.

Contractions are very casual and help people understand others, so it’s often considered acceptable to use in most forms of writing. The only time you might run into trouble using it is when you’re writing something very formal.

Whether it’s an essay for an advanced course, business letters, essays, and more, the only time it’s acceptable to use them in these situations is when you’re directly quoting someone else in your writing.

In professional situations, it is generally recommended to avoid abbreviations in cover letters and essays.

Some people believe that contractions should be avoided at all costs, and while it may be true in certain situations, it’s not a blanket rule. Consider texting a friend: “I can’t see you today; I’m sorry I bothered you.”

Unless you’re trying to reenact Victorian English dialogue, that sounds way too formal for a conversation with a friend, doesn’t it?

Conclusion

Contractions are very common in the English language. So common that most people don’t know how often they use them. Unless you’re trying to write a professional text (like a business letter, for example), contractions are generally accepted in writing.

There are a few things to keep in mind to use them properly:

Don’t double contractions.

Never put a contraction at the end of a sentence unless it’s negative.

Watch out for homophones.

Avoid slang like you and is not in writing.

And remember, whenever you’re unsure whether or not to use a contraction, expand the contraction to see if it makes sense in your writing.

Are you looking for information on writing like this? ArgoPrep has a complete library of English topics (and math!) to help you become a master of the English language.

By Marina Pantcheva

The apostrophe has two functions: it marks ownership and it is used in contractions to indicate where the letters have been omitted.

possession

In the singular, possession is denoted by an ‘s written immediately after the possessor.

(1) John’s car

(2) the boy’s toy

Important: There is no apostrophe before the possessive pronoun –s.

(1) his, her, your, our

If the possessor is expressed by more than one word, it comes after the last word.

(3) my late brother’s wife

(4) Mr. Johnsen’s house

(5) Charlie and Lola’s new room. (the room belongs to both Charlie and Lola)

Use ‘s with singular possessors ending in -s or -z.

(6) Karl’s books

(7) Sanchez’s horse

Plural possessors ending in -s take only the apostrophe. Plural possessors ending in another letter take .

(8) the boys’ toys

(9) the horse of the Sanchezes

(10) the children’s bicycles

Importantly, it is the written letter that determines whether only an apostrophe or ‘s is placed after a plural. There are some English nouns that end in /s/ or /z/ but are written with a final -e: mice (mouse) dice (die), geese (goose). Such plural nouns take ‘s’ as the possessive form.

(11) the feathers of geese

(12) mouse teeth

In other words, the possessive pronoun -s requires a singular word ending in -s, but not a plural word ending in -s.

Singular plural ends in -s, -z ‘s ‘ does not end in -s, -z ‘s ‘s

contraction

The apostrophe is used with contractions, replacing the omitted letter. Words that are often written in shortened form are: be, have (-‘ve), has (-‘s), had (-‘d), will (-‘ll), would (-‘d) and das Negative particles don’t (n’t). For a full list of standard contractions follow this link. Some common contractions are shown below.

(13) I am = I am

(14) you are = you are

(15) he is = he is

(16) she is = she is

(17) it is = it is

(18) we are = we are

(19) they are = they are

(20) not = not

(21) does not = does not

(22) can = can’t (cannot is written as one word)

(23) shouldn’t = shouldn’t

(24) couldn’t = couldn’t

(25) should not = should not

(26) won’t = won’t

(27) I have = I have

(28) I had, I would and I should = I would

(29) I will and I will = I will

Avoid the apostrophe to denote possessions with pronouns

A very common mistake is to put an apostrophe in the possessive form of pronouns like its, yours, hers, ours, theirs. While this makes perfect sense, it is considered wrong.

(31) I lost my pen. may i borrow yours

(32) The book is old; its pages have turned yellow. [Correctly]

(33) The book is old; The pages have turned yellow. [wrong, it is a contraction of it is]

The possessive case indicates possession. With the addition of ‘s (or sometimes just the apostrophe), a noun can change from a simple person, place, or thing to a person, place, or thing possessing. There are different ways to form the possessive pronoun of a noun. We will discuss these possibilities below.

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This is Mary and her dog. The dog is Mary’s pet; Mary is not the dog’s pet.

This thick curtain can keep out the heat and light of the summer sun.

This is the way to the men’s room.

She got a job in the children’s department of the library.

If the noun does not end in an s, add ‘s to the end of the noun. See the following examples:

Do we add another s for the possessive form of a name ending in s? Which is correct, Chris’ chair or Chris’ chair? James’ car or James’ car? Actually, both ways are correct. If a proper noun ends with an s, you can add just the apostrophe or an apostrophe and an s. See the examples below to illustrate this type of possessive noun.

You sit in Chris’ chair.

You sit in Chris’ chair.

Have you seen James’ car?

Have you seen James’ car?

Where’s Jess’s book bag?

Where’s Jess’s book bag?

I’m in Mrs Jones’ class this year.

I’m in Mrs Jones’ class this year.

But if you have a plural noun ending in s, just add the apostrophe. This also applies if you have a proper noun that is in the plural.

This is the boys’ bedroom.

My parents’ house is a beautiful old one.

The scissor handles just broke off.

The Jeffersons’ yard is always beautifully landscaped.

Here’s a tip: Should you write student’s or students’? Should you write student or student? If you have a common noun like student, you can use the apostrophe to tell whether the possessive refers to one student or to many students. When referring to a student, add an apostrophe + s: the student’s favorite subject was science. In the sentence above, we are talking about a student’s favorite subject. If you’re talking about a lot of students, add an apostrophe. The students’ favorite subject was science. In the sentence above, we are talking about multiple students who all share the same favorite subject.

If you have a compound noun (e.g. if you are talking about two people who own something together), only change the last noun to the possessive. The following examples illustrate this use of the possessive clause.

Mike and Amanda’s new loft apartment is really neat.

Please tell Annie and Mary’s mother that they will be late home from school.

If the owner is a building, item, or piece of furniture, you don’t need to add an apostrophe to indicate ownership. See the following examples for reference:

The maid cleaned the hotel room.

The maid cleaned the hotel room.

We met in the office lobby.

We met in the office lobby.

Close the car door.

Check your text Apostrophe Checker Use an apostrophe checker to ensure that apostrophes are used correctly Apostrophes are punctuation marks that are used in three different ways, each with its own set of rules: 1. Use an apostrophe to Show property/possession. The rules for using an apostrophe to indicate possession are: For singular nouns that don’t end in s, add an apostrophe and s.

For singular nouns ending in s, add an apostrophe and s.

For plural nouns ending in s, add an apostrophe after the s.

For plural nouns that don’t end in s, add an apostrophe and s. 2. Use an apostrophe to indicate plural forms. The rules for using an apostrophe to indicate plural forms are: Use an apostrophe and s to indicate the plural of a letter.

Use an apostrophe and s to represent the plural of a number.

Use an apostrophe and s to indicate the plural of a word called a word. 3. Use an apostrophe to indicate where a letter or number has been omitted: To use an apostrophe to indicate where letters have been omitted from contractions, add an apostrophe where the letters have been removed .

To use an apostrophe to indicate that numbers have been omitted from a date, add an apostrophe where the numbers were removed. The rules for using apostrophes are fairly simple and it shouldn’t be difficult to check whether or not apostrophes are used in the right way. However, checking apostrophe grammar with our free online apostrophe checker is faster and less likely to miss application errors. Good Grammar Makes the Difference Every aspect of grammar and how you use it is important, from sentence structure to the correct placement of an apostrophe. Grammar affects many things in people’s lives that they may not even realize, including: Applications: Most people would not apply for an office job in ragged clothes. You dress appropriately if you are hoping to be hired. The same principle applies to documents such as resumes and cover letters. Submitting these documents when they contain bad grammar is the same as wearing the worst thing in your closet to an interview, and neither will likely hire you.

: Most people wouldn’t apply for a job in an office in ragged clothes. You dress appropriately if you are hoping to be hired. The same principle applies to documents such as resumes and cover letters. Submitting these documents when they contain bad grammar is the same as wearing the worst thing in your closet to an interview, and neither will likely hire you. Business: If you own your own business, you don’t have to worry about what your employer thinks about your grammar. However, there are potential customers who will notice whether or not you use good grammar. Correct use of grammar creates a positive image and makes you appear professional and competent.

If you own your own business, you don’t have to worry about what your employer thinks about your grammar. However, there are potential customers who will notice whether or not you use good grammar. Correct use of grammar creates a positive image and makes you appear professional and competent. Education: Obviously, grammar influences your academic career to some extent. At the graduate level, poor grammar can prevent you from getting into a program.

Obviously, grammar will affect your academic career to some extent. At the graduate level, poor grammar can prevent you from getting into a program. Like it or not, when you meet someone for the first time, they form an opinion of you based on a number of factors, including your ability to communicate, which is directly related to your knowledge of grammar. In business and at school, your first encounter with someone may be some form of written communication. If you are unsure whether a document you have written meets good grammar standards, you can use our online apostrophe checker to determine if there are any grammatical errors. Create grammatically correct papers and reports with our free online grammar checker The English language has many rules about how to use grammar, and most people may not even know what half of those rules are. Our site’s free grammar checker can help you correct grammar rules you may not know you’ve broken and improve your writing skills by drawing attention to those rules. Our checker is versatile and can help: Locate and correct hundreds of types of grammatical errors

Find and correct punctuation errors

Find and correct misspellings and words used in the wrong context

Determine if there are plagiarisms in your papers. Our checker is available to everyone free of charge. It’s both fast and efficient, and can help save hours of tedious proofreading. Start creating error-free papers while developing your grammar skills with our free online grammar and apostrophe checker!

Section 6.117 in the spotlight

There are two different types of apostrophes: smart and straight. In order to use them correctly, it is helpful to know how they work.

Smart apostrophes, also known as curly or typographic apostrophes, are the professional-looking characters most publishers prefer. In word processors, you probably get them by default, thanks to a feature called smart quotes. Smart apostrophes are the marks you will see in this paragraph and in this post.

Straight apostrophes, on the other hand, are what you typically get when smart quotes aren’t enabled.

In a moment we’ll see why smart apostrophes aren’t always very smart. But first some background information.

Apostrophes and single quotation marks

The official Unicode name for the curly apostrophe is “right single quote”. As the relevant code table explains, “this is [also] the preferred character for apostrophes.”*

In other words, a curly apostrophe and a right single curly quote are the same.

As you saw in this post, apostrophes help form contractions. The other main job of the apostrophe is to form possessive pronouns (as is the case at the beginning of this sentence).

When the same character is used as a right single quote, it is paired with its twin, the left single quote. (Double or single quotes always come in pairs.) In Chicago and other styles that use double quotes, single quotes are rare. When used, they are usually reserved for quotations within quotations, “as here ‘shown’.”†

With these curly characters (as we’ll see), it’s important to remember that an apostrophe is not the same character as a left single quote. (Left and right quotation marks are also known as opening and closing quotation marks.)

Straight quotes

The straight markers are easier to use as there is only one type.

QWERTY and other keyboard layouts reserve one key instead of two for the single quote and apostrophe. So there is no separate key for the left single quote. Instead, what you can usually expect when you press the apostrophe key is a general straight character. This general-purpose character has three functions: apostrophe, left single quote, and right single quote. “Here is an example of all three.”

The straight marks are fine for correspondence and social media and the like. (They’re also the ones you need when typing code.) But for your published work, you probably want the curly versions.

Enter smart quotes.

Smart Quotes

Smart quotes are called smart because they depend on a type of artificial intelligence known as autocorrect. At the beginning of a word, autocorrect assumes you want a left (opening) quote; in the middle of a word or at the end you get an apostrophe or a right (closing) quotation mark.

Smart quotes are enabled by default in many word processors and other applications. (Microsoft Word introduced autocorrect and smart quotes in 1993.)

But this system has its weaknesses.

The main problem is that autocorrect doesn’t handle an apostrophe very well at the beginning of a string of text, where it’s more likely to be interpreted as a left single quote. So you see it everywhere from the New York Times to social media: “The ’90s are officially cool again.” Maybe, but that apostrophe is backwards: It’s the ’90s, not the ’90s. (Oops.)

Luckily, all it takes to prevent this common mistake is a little human intervention.

Get the right sign

So how do you ensure that you get an apostrophe instead of a left single quote? There are many ways to get the right grade when smart quotes don’t work (or when they’re not an option). Here are some of them:

If you’re using a smart-quote feature like the ones in Word or Google Docs, you’re fooling your computer by typing two apostrophes and then deleting the first (wrong) one: “90s become 90s”. Locate the apostrophe in your character map or symbol menu (where it may be listed as a right single quote or closing single quote). On a virtual keyboard, hold down the apostrophe key to go to the real apostrophe. This also works with quotation marks. On a PC, try Alt+0146 from the numeric keypad; On a Mac, press Option-Shift-]. In Word (the PC version), type the number 2019 (the Unicode number for an apostrophe), then press Alt+X. (Alt+X works both ways: place your cursor to the right of any character, then press the combination to see its Unicode number.) In HTML, try ‘ (the entity reference) or ‘ (the hexadecimal character reference).

You should watch out for backward apostrophes not only at the beginning of a word, but also in the middle or at the end, although these violations are far less common. When doing this, ensure that single and double quotes are the correct type. Autocorrect also sometimes has a way of confusing these.

See CMOS Chapter 6 for more information on apostrophes and double quotes.

* According to its website, “The Unicode Consortium is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization established to develop, extend, and promote the use of the Unicode standard and related globalization standards that govern the representation of text in modern software specify products and other standards.” Unicode also defines the official emoji characters. ?

† In contemporary British style it is usually reversed, “as here ‘shown'”. (The period goes after the closing mark unless it is part of the citation.)

The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th Edition

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Apostrophes in the last name?

Does this picture make you shudder? It should. It shows something that many people struggle with before deciding to just follow the herd. And we all know how that turns out, especially with lemmings, right?

So today I’m going to focus on the formatting of house signs that let others know who lives in the house, although all kinds of signs can be so wrong (see below).

Many homeowners pay for incorrect signs, probably because the sign maker did it that way and they feel it must be right. But this is a perfect example of being smart in one area – sign making – but not necessarily in another – grammar.

Suppose a family named Smith lives in a house. How does adding an apostrophe show that the family has more members? The plural form of smith is smiths. NOT Smith’s.

And if for some reason the Smiths wanted to use the possessive pronoun, they would have to use the plural possessive pronoun. Saying the Smiths live here makes no sense. One person is Susan Smith. Two or more people with this surname are the Smiths. So the possessive plural would be that of the Smiths.

no possessive: the smithy

SINGULAR POSSESSIVE: “Susan Smith’s House”

PLURAL POSSESSIVE: “The Smiths’ house”

are you that far with me Smiths is easy enough, right?

But what about surnames that already end in s, like Jones? Oh boy. It’s a difficult name to work with, but it doesn’t have to be.

NO POSSESSIVE: THE JONESES

SINGULAR POSSESSIVE: JOHN JONES’ HOUSE

PLURAL POSSESSIVE: THE HOUSE OF THE JONESES

So remember: you don’t want or need an apostrophe for a house sign. Only the pure plural will work. It’s an acronym for The Smiths Live Here. Now go outside and look at YOUR house sign. That’s okay. I’ll wait.

Was it done right? Do you need to change it? And if someone you know is a sign maker, you might want to show them this post.

More information on apostrophes:

Apostrophes #1

Apostrophes #2

Apostrophe #3

Apostrophes #4