How To Get Rid Of Dog Gland Smell On Furniture? Top 99 Best Answers

Dogs can smell of many things, depending on what they last rolled in, but one of the more unpleasant smells dogs usually develop is one of fish.

If your dog smells like fish, it’s probably not because he’s figured out how to spray himself with eau de sardine. A fishy odor is usually the result of secretions from the anal glands.

What are anal glands?

Anal glands, also known as anal sacs, are small sacs found on either side of your dog’s anus. These sacs are full of specialized sweat glands that produce an unpleasant-smelling secretion that acts as your dog’s scent marker. When your dog poops, these secretions get into the feces and give other dogs important chemical information about your dog. This explains why your dog is so interested in other dogs’ poop, not to mention the tail sniffing that occurs when two dogs meet.

Dogs also “squeeze” their anal sacs when they’re scared, which is perfectly normal, albeit a bit smelly. Anal gland secretions have a distinctive odor that many people describe as fishy. If your dog smells like fish, there’s probably something wrong with his anal glands. Fortunately, there are ways to combat the smell.

anal sac disease

Anal sac disease, a term used to describe problems with the anal glands, is very common, particularly in small dog breeds. The largest dog breeds are usually unaffected.

effects

Normally, your dog’s anal glands are naturally expressed in small amounts with each bowel movement. However, sometimes the anal sacs are not completely emptied of fluid, and the fluid becomes dry, causing impaction. Pinched anal sacs cannot express themselves properly, which is very painful for your dog. The vesicles are hard to the touch and, when manually squeezed by a veterinarian or other professional, form a thin band of pasty brown material. If affected anal glands are not treated, they can abscess.

Impairments can occur for a number of reasons. There could be an abnormality in your dog’s anal sacs, or your dog could have loose stools that aren’t firm enough for your dog’s anal glands to express during defecating. Overweight dogs are at increased risk of affected anal glands because their sacs don’t drain well.

infections and abscesses

Anal glands can also become infected and in this case they can also lead to abscesses if left untreated. Infected and abscessed anal sacs are very painful and the area may appear discolored or swollen. Left untreated, these abscesses can tear through the skin.

“Abscesses need to be treated right away,” says Dr. Jerry Klein, AKC Chief Veterinary Officer. “They are painful and sometimes require surgery. The dog usually also needs antibiotics and painkillers.”

anal sac tumors

Anal gland tumors limit your dog’s ability to self-express their anal glands and they make the anal glands feel tight and enlarged. In most cases, anal sacs with tumors will not express themselves at all, and your vet can take a biopsy and do an ultrasound to diagnose the problem.

Symptoms of anal sac disease

In addition to a fishy smell, there are other symptoms of anal sac disease. Dogs with irritated anal sacs may slide on the floor, bite or lick their anus, or have difficulty defecating. They may even vocalize when defecating because it is painful. You may also feel a hard lump near the rectum or notice blood and/or pus in your dog’s stool. Although scooting is a fairly common sign that may seem ridiculous, it is a helpful symptom and warning of anal sac disease. If you notice any of these signs or any discoloration around the anus, call your veterinarian and have your dog checked out.

There are certain medical conditions in your dog that can increase their risk of anal sac disease. These include: being overweight or obese, food and environmental allergies, hypothyroidism, skin mites, and bacterial or yeast infections of the skin.

What to do about your dog’s fishy smell?

If you notice a fishy odor, call your veterinarian. Your dog may simply need to manually empty or express their anal glands, which should get rid of the odor.

Some dogs, particularly small dog breeds, require their anal glands to be expressed regularly. Both vets and groomers perform this service, and you can even learn how to do it yourself if you don’t mind the smell. However, be aware that manually squeezing the anal glands too often can cause inflammation and scar tissue. Therefore, this should only be done if they are not defecating naturally.

Compacted anal sacs require your vet’s help. These will be carefully squeezed, and your vet may need to use an emollient or saline rinse if the compaction is particularly dry. Once the compacted material is removed, your veterinarian may recommend a higher-fiber diet for your dog to help them express their anal sacs naturally.

There are also several anal gland wipes and supplements on the market designed to address the underlying issues of pet anal gland problems.

Infected or abscessed anal sacs are cleaned with an antiseptic and then typically treated with antibiotics. Your vet may recommend hot compresses applied to the area if they suspect an abscess, and it may take a few douches for the infection to go away.

In some cases, your vet will remove the anal sac or sacs. Anal sac disorders that do not resolve with treatment and anal sac tumors usually require surgical removal. Although there can be potential complications such as incontinence, most procedures are successful and do not affect your dog’s quality of life.

Prevention of anal sac diseases

While it’s not always possible to prevent anal sac disease, there are a few things you can do.

Feed your dog an appropriate diet with the right amount of fiber.

Keep an eye on your dog’s poop to make sure it’s well formed.

Exercise your dog regularly and keep an eye on his weight.

Provide your dog with plenty of fresh, clean water.

Luckily, anal sac problems are relatively easy to treat. Once the underlying issue is resolved, the fishy smell should go away. If your dog requires regular anal gland expression, that fishy smell will remind you to take your dog to the vet’s office or groomer.

How to tell if your dog needs to express their anal glands

from Cherished Companions Animal Clinic

You’ve noticed some unusual behaviors in your dog lately…

Your dog is slipping on the carpet.

He (or she) also licks his butt a lot more than usual.

It’s possible that your dog needs to express (aka, empty) his anal glands.

Our Castle Rock vets have put together this article to help you determine if your dog needs to express their anal glands.

Remember, if you notice any of the behaviors outlined above, it’s important to see a veterinarian.

There are other problems that can cause these symptoms. It is important to exclude them!

Related Article: You See a Bleeding or Abscess on Your Dog’s Butt… What Does It Mean?

What exactly are anal glands?

Anal glands — or more specifically, anal sacs — are scent glands located on either side of your dog’s rectum.

Typically they are in the four o’clock and eight o’clock positions.

Normally, when your dog passes a bowel movement, these glands express themselves naturally.

They bring your dog’s smell into his poop.

Unfortunately, some dogs don’t express their glands when they have a bowel movement

The material builds up in these sacks.

The increased pressure will make your dog want to lick their butt and/or scoot across the carpet.

How can you tell if your dog needs to express their anal glands?

Look out for the following signs:

Your dog is slipping on the carpet.

on the carpet. Your dog licks his butt a lot.

his butt a lot. When your dog’s glands are really full, they can give off a smelly, pungent odor.

. Sometimes you will see patches of tan material in places where your dog has sat, e.g. B. on your carpet, your furniture or your lap.

Eventually the glands will burst. You will see some bleeding from this area.

Why is this happening?

There are different theories. It could be because:

The glands are not where they should be.

Your dog’s poop is not solid enough. (For example, we sometimes see it in a dog after diarrhea or in a dog that hasn’t gotten enough fiber.)

Your dog is overweight.

It can be a one-off event that will never happen again.

Or it can be a chronic problem.

It depends on your dog.

Are certain dogs more prone to needing their glands expressed than others?

Our Castle Rock vets usually see it in smaller breed dogs.

That being said, it’s possible that any breed has a problem.

Sometimes dogs with inflammation issues—like dogs with food allergies—are more prone to anal gland infections.

Sometimes cats have problems too.

You may notice that your cat does not vomit, vomit and/or eat as much.

Where do you get the anal gland squeezed?

Our vets or your groomer can express the glands.

Some of our customers have learned it themselves.

In the beginning, it’s a good idea to visit our vets to:

Make sure the anal glands are not infected

Make sure this is the cause of your dog’s problem

If the glands are infected or ruptured, your dog will need medical attention.

How Often Do People Squeeze Their Dog’s Anal Glands?

It really differs per dog.

Some dogs never have a problem. Your anal glands express themselves naturally.

Some dogs get their anal glands manually expressed a few times a year.

Some pet parents bring their dogs to us every month (or more often) when their dogs have recurring problems.

The most important thing is to monitor your dog for symptoms.

See if there is a pattern for your dog.

Is there a way to prevent this problem?

There are no generally accepted preventive measures.

It’s always good practice to ensure your dog is a healthy weight and is eating a diet with enough fiber to firm up bowel movements.

But these steps don’t always affect the expression of the anal gland.

Our vets are sometimes asked, can we remove the anal glands?

It’s possible, but there may be side effects, such as:

fecal incontinence

The fluid channels become clogged

As such, this isn’t typically something we recommend.

We always welcome your questions. Let her come!

A related article that may interest you

You see a bleed or an abscess on your dog’s butt… what does it mean?

Is your dog slipping or licking his butt? Help your pup feel better. If you live in Castle Rock or the Denver area, call our vets at 303-688-3757 or book your visit here

Cherished Companions Animal Clinic is a veterinary clinic in Castle Rock, Colorado. Our goal is to help you and your pet feel more comfortable and keep your stress to a minimum.

This article aims to provide general guidance on how to determine if your dog needs to express their anal glands. If you have specific questions or concerns, please contact your local veterinarian. (If you live in or near Castle Rock we welcome your call.)

© 2017, Dear Companions Veterinary Clinic

If your dog has a constant odor, like a foul fishy odor, it’s probably your pet’s anal glands. But what are anal glands, what do they do, and how can they be treated? The solution is simple – your dog’s anal glands need to be pumped by a veterinarian, an experienced groomer, or by yourself.

What are anal glands?

Dogs have two small egg-shaped sacs on either side of the anus called the anal glands. The function of the glands is to produce a fluid with a characteristic odor (the fishy odor) that is specific to each dog. When your dog poops, the anal glands secrete a fluid with a specific smell to your dog. If another dog stops and smells your dog’s poop or where your dog’s poop was before you picked it up to dispose of it, the other dog will log that particular smell into their memory. Dogs usually greet each other by smelling each other’s butt and remembering that smell from before.

Masarik/Shutterstock.com

What is Anal Gland Expression?

Dogs cannot always fully express their anal glands and may need a veterinarian’s help. If dogs have an anal gland problem, they will show symptoms of it. The two most common signs that a dog needs to express their anal glands are running across the floor and constantly licking their anus. You may also smell that fishy smell more frequently and on your furniture, car seats, etc. This is where manual squeezing can help. During manual pumping, the vet applies petroleum jelly to his index finger while wearing latex gloves, then inserts the finger into the dog’s anus and feels for the pouch at the side of the anus. To avoid a mess, it is gently squeezed to squeeze out the liquid, which is caught on a paper towel.

Try_my_best/Shutterstock.com

Should Your Dog Have Pain After Expressing Anal Gland?

Simple answer: no, your dog should not experience pain after manual anal gland expression. The process itself can be painful for some dogs, and they may be given a sedative during the procedure. But this pain should not persist after the procedure.

What Are the Signs Your Dog Has Pain After Squeezing Anal Gland?

If your dog has pain after squeezing the anal gland, he may be showing one of the following symptoms:

howl

scooting

Bite her rear end

Excessive licking of her rear end

Whining or crying while trying to poop

limp

Hide

snap

Reluctance to be touched near her rear end

Javier Brosch/Shutterstock.com

Why Does Your Dog Have Pain After Expressing Anal Gland?

anal abscess

Anal abscess, which is a painful infection in the anal glands, is another reason your dog may experience discomfort after gland expression. If the glandular expression was caused by an abscess, your dog may still be suffering from the effects of the infection after your vet visit. The abscess builds up pus in the anal sacs, which can then rupture and cause pus to be released into the anus and rectum. Dogs may even refuse to poop because of this pain. If your dog’s bottom is red and swollen, you should notify your vet immediately.

impact

When a dog has loose stools or diarrhea, the water can pool in the anal sacs, which can then fill with inflamed cells. This leads to irritation, itching, pain and even infection causing affected anal sacs. If a dog has affected anal sacs, it can be difficult to tell if the sacs were completely emptied during an expression. You may need a few more manual expressions to provide relief.

rectal tears

It’s possible that your dog had a rectal tear or other injury in that area while expressing, which was then aggravated by manual expression. It’s also possible that the vet who performed the procedure may have caused a tear or injury if they were too rough.

Rectal polyps or tumors

Rectal polyps can form after manual anal gland expression. Rectal polyps are benign growths that appear in the rectal region. It’s possible for them to be malignant when they’re big, but that’s less common. If your dog shows signs of pain, slips, licks his anus, has bloody stools, and has trouble defecating, he has had rectal polyps.

Anal sac abnormalities

Two common anal sac abnormalities are perianal fistula and folliculitis. Certain breeds, such as Golden Retrievers, are prone to perianal fistula, in which the anal tissue develops sores that smell foul. Folliculitis is when the feces inflame the hair follicles in the anus, causing significant pain in affected dogs. Dogs suffering from such a condition can end up in pain and slipping even after an anal gland expression. Your veterinarian should be notified as they may prescribe medication or suggest surgical removal of the anal glands.

injection pain

Some dogs may be given medication to inject into the anal sacs when they have strained or hard stools, as this can cause difficulty in manual expression. The injection site may still hurt for a few days after squeezing.

What should you do if your dog is in pain after expressing the anal gland?

When your dog is in pain, you want to be able to comfort him. There are a few steps you can take, but always consult your veterinarian before making any dietary changes or adding any supplements.

antibiotic creams

Antibiotic creams can help your dog’s anal gland condition worsen.

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Elizabethan collar

An Elizabethan collar or similar can discourage your dog from licking or biting his inflamed bottom and prevent the problem from getting worse or causing an infection.

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diet change

To prevent your dog from becoming constipated and aggravating his anal glands, adding extra fiber can ensure his stool is healthy and soft. Foods to add to your diet include squash, sweet potatoes, and apples.

stool supplements

You can also buy over-the-counter stool supplements to help regulate your bowel movements.

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medication

Depending on the cause of your dog’s pain, your vet may recommend pain relievers. This usually includes pain from razor burn or injections.

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Warm compress or heating pad

A heating pad can relieve your dog’s pain. You can either buy a pet heating pad or just use the one in your closet that has an auto shut off feature.

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If your dog shows signs of pain after expressing the anal gland, it is best to contact your veterinarian.

There is no polite way to introduce this topic: pet anal glands. These are mysterious, marble-sized sacs containing foul-smelling material and can be found between your pet’s internal and external anal sphincters between around 4am and 8am.

All dogs, cats, and carnivorous species (including humans) have them; You may know what anatomical parts I’m talking about if your dog has ever had a fear of butt-slipping your favorite rug or had the unfortunate experience of developing an anal gland infection.

Anal gland problems in dogs

Problems with your dog’s anal glands lead to many vet and groomer visits, despite serving a purpose beyond job safety. Sebaceous glands produce a liquid substance that has a foul, fishy odor, is yellow to brown in color and serves as a means of identification and territory marking.

Normally, the liquid secretions are expressed when a dog defecates. The pressure of the solid feces allows the glands to empty completely.

No problem if that happens outside! Where do things take a hard turn? If your dog has softer stools and the anal glands are not fully naturally expressed, was born with narrow ducts, produces excessive material, or has suffered damage to the duct due to perianal infection, trauma, allergies, or inflammation, it is more likely to have anal gland impaction and – develop infection.

Sphincter dysfunction and obesity also predisposes a pet to anal sac disease. Certain breeds (usually on the small side) also need more frequent monthly, manual removal of their glands: Chihuahuas, toy and miniature poodles, cocker spaniels, Lhasa apsos, basset hounds, and beagles top the list.

How do I know if my dog ​​needs to express their anal glands?

Most pet owners become aware of the symptoms of affected glands when their pet drags their rear end on the floor, bites the base of their tail, passes the telltale fluid (smelly) at times other than defecating, tugs at defecating, or has a red, near the A hairless bulge is noted in the anal glands.

If swelling is evident on either physical examination or visual inspection of the area, an anal gland abscess is present.

Bacterial overgrowth in the gland, which is filled with abnormally copious, thick material, causes swelling, suppuration, eventually rupture, and pain. Abscesses can be relieved with a warm washcloth and will need to be treated with antibiotics by your veterinarian.

If your dog suffers from chronic anal gland infections and you have ensured firm stools, weight control, adequate exercise, and allergies are not causing biting and trauma to the area with a high-fiber diet, he may be a candidate B For surgical anal gland removal or anal sacculectomy.

Surgery in this sensitive area can cause fecal incontinence and should not be done as the first step in treating anal gland disorders.

Preventive care for your dog includes good hygiene and grooming, awareness of these glands, and understanding the signs of inflammation. Most groomers will express your dog’s anal glands monthly as part of their service, especially if you own a small breed or your dog has a history of anal gland disorders.

How to squeeze a dog’s anal glands

Squeezing the glands can be done with steady pressure to milk the secretions from inside the gland and through the duct opening near the anus. Use latex gloves, lube, and plenty of paper towels, or have a professional remove the glands for a small fee. As with most things, “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it!”.

The repeated compression of the glands and ducts also causes a small amount of traumatic inflammation at the site and can later lead to an impaction. So if your pet hasn’t shown any symptoms of bloated glands, consider yourself lucky!

Jump to a specific section:

What are canine anal glands? | Do dogs have to express their anal glands? | How to Express Your Dog’s Anal Glands | Are Certain Dogs Prone to Anal Gland Problems? | Signs of problems with your dog’s anal glands | Types of Anal Gland Problems in Dogs | Treating Anal Gland Problems in Dogs | Tips to keep your dog’s anal glands healthy

Most dogs go out with their anal glands with no qualms their entire lives. When dogs poop, they usually express their glands naturally, releasing anal gland fluid. Dogs can also involuntarily express their own anal glands when they are scared or stressed.

Squeezing their own anal glands allows a dog to leave their scent to claim their territory near their home or in their yard during a normal bowel movement. When dogs meet, they sniff each other’s hind ends and anal glands to gather information about the other dog’s hormonal status.

However, there are times when these glands become full, compromised, or infected. Affected or diseased anal glands can be painful, so it’s important to recognize the signs of a problem and know what to do when it occurs. If signs of anal gland disease persist, you should contact your veterinarian to arrange an exam for your dog.

Here’s what you need to know about canine anal glands, from how they work and what they are, to the signs of anal sac disease and when to see the vet.

Anal glands, or anal sacs, are two small sacs, each about the size of a small grape, located on the right and left sides of a dog’s anus. Each gland is connected to a small tube that secretes a very distinctive foul-smelling fluid.

Under normal circumstances, as stool passes through the anus, it puts pressure on the glands and releases (expresses) the fluid.

Both male and female dogs, as well as cats and other animals, have anal glands. These glands are not essential to your dog’s health, and they can live without them if they need to be surgically removed for medical reasons.

Most dogs involuntarily express their anal glands. If a dog’s nutritional needs are met with good quality food and they are at a healthy weight and getting plenty of exercise, they should not need to express their anal glands. If your dog doesn’t have any problems, you don’t need to do anything.

Check with your veterinarian if you plan to pump routinely. Your veterinarian may recommend leaving the anal glands alone if they’re not causing a problem, or may agree to expressing them routinely to avoid a medical problem.

However, some dogs require their glands to be expressed manually. When the consistency of your dog’s stool changes, his anal glands are not being naturally expressed. Then the fluid in the glands thickens, making it difficult to express. When this happens, the glands can become irritated, inflamed, infected, and even compromised.

Once your dog has problems with anal gland infection, impact, or abscess, it is usually best to express their glands every 3-4 weeks to prevent the problem from reoccurring. Your dog’s anal glands can be expressed by your veterinarian, a veterinary technician, or even some groomers.

If your vet has agreed that your dog needs to routinely empty the anal glands, they may direct you to do this at home when you feel comfortable. Make sure you can trust that your dog will not react aggressively.

If you see blood or pus around your dog’s anus, or if your dog is very uncomfortable, do not attempt to express their anal glands at home. Instead, make an appointment with your vet right away.

To express your dog’s anal glands at home you will need:

latex gloves

Petroleum or a water-based lubricant

Another person to help hold your dog down

Follow these steps to express your dog’s anal glands:

If your dog is small, place him in front of you on a table or counter. If you have a big dog, you can kneel behind it. Have another person hold your dog by placing one arm under and around their neck and the other arm around the rest of your dog’s body and hugging them tightly. Put on a pair of latex or similar gloves and smear your index finger with petroleum jelly or a water-based lubricant. Lift your dog’s tail and gently insert your index finger about an inch into the rectum. Using your index finger and thumb, feel for a solid pea- or marble-sized object at the 5 or 7 o’clock position. Once you’ve found a gland, place a paper towel between the dog’s anus and your hand and gently milk the contents of the gland outward by applying pressure to the farthest side of the gland and pushing toward you. Don’t apply more pressure than you would be comfortable with, for example, pressing on your eyes. You should barely be able to feel the gland when it’s empty. Wipe the anal area clean. Repeat on the other side for the other gland.

Anal gland problems are predominantly a problem in small dog breeds, but they can also affect larger breed dogs. Toy and Miniature Poodles, Chihuahuas, Lhasa Apsos, Cocker Spaniels, Basset Hounds and Beagles top the list of breeds affected by anal gland disease.

Other factors that can increase the likelihood of anal gland problems include:

Chronic skin conditions (seborrhea, skin infections, or itchy skin)

obesity

Inadequate fiber

Change in stool consistency: loose stools, diarrhea or constipation

Parasites (both internal and external)

Food and/or environmental allergies

Genetics (more common in small breeds)

The most common signs that your dog has problems with their anal glands are:

scooting

Frequently turn around to lick or bite their hind end

Struggling to poop

showing discomfort when pooping (dyschezia)

Don’t want to sit

Anal discharge

Dogs may also have the following signs:

crying or whimpering

Withdrawing or becoming lethargic

Not wanting to eat or drink

Swelling or redness in the anal area

If these symptoms persist or are interfering with your dog’s behavior, they should be evaluated by their veterinarian as soon as possible. If left untreated, anal blockages, infections and abscesses can become major problems.

“Anal Sac Disease” is a broad term that includes some specific conditions such as:

Impaction of the anal gland

Affected anal glands cause moderate pain in dogs. When the anal gland fluid thickens, this pasty, brown material clogs the glands and forms hard masses. In average cases of impaction, the anal glands can be expressed with considerable pressure.

Anal gland infection or abscess

A dog suffering from an anal gland infection or abscess will experience moderate to severe pain. When the gland is infected, the bacteria from the infection cause pus to build up in the gland. Infection can then lead to an abscess when the pus-filled sac and swollen tissue block the gland opening.

You may see discoloration around the anal area or a red, hot, swollen spot at the back end, often next to or inside the anal opening.

Ruptured anal gland abscess

If left untreated, an abscess can rupture and your dog will experience severe to extreme pain. The fissures (fistulas) lead from the anal gland through the skin. You may see greenish-yellow or bloody pus coming out of the ruptured gland.

anal gland cancer

The anal glands can also be the site of cancerous tumors. The most common type of anal gland cancer is apocrine anal gland adenocarcinoma. This condition must not cause pain to your dog. It’s more common in older, female dogs. Certain breeds, such as German shepherds and dachshunds, are at higher risk.

Symptoms associated with anal gland cancer include bloody stools, bleeding around the anus, swollen hind legs, vomiting, increased thirst, increased urination, and lethargy. Your veterinarian may also notice elevated levels of calcium in the blood (such as hypercalcemia). The anal glands may also be enlarged due to the mass, but no material can be expressed from the gland.

These conditions should be diagnosed by your veterinarian after a complete physical exam, including a digital rectal exam. Additional tests such as ultrasound, fine needle aspiration, tissue biopsy and/or bacterial culture and sensitivity may be performed to create a specific treatment plan for your dog.

Most cases of anal sac disease can be treated by manually expressing the glands and treating them locally with antibiotics and/or steroid ointments. In some cases, oral antibiotics and anti-inflammatory pain relievers are required. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

For anal gland cancer, your vet will need to determine if it has spread to the lymph nodes or other areas. You will need to see a veterinary oncologist, and treatment may include removal of the anal gland and anal sac, chemotherapy, or radiation.

A diet high in fiber can help keep your dog’s anal glands healthy. Fiber promotes healthy digestion and proper stool formation. The force of the firm, bulky stool against the colon wall near the anus can help express the anal glands during a bowel movement.

Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can also contribute to healthy anal glands. Overweight dogs tend to accumulate excess fluid in their anal glands because their body fat reduces pressure on the anal glands when they poop. If your dog is overweight, talk to your vet about a weight loss plan. A combination of diet and exercise will help your dog achieve and maintain a healthy weight.

Here are some dog food formulas that are high in fiber:

Discuss options with your vet before changing your dog’s diet.

You can also add fiber to your dog’s diet and use supplements to reduce the risk of anal sac disease. Omega-3 fatty acids and fish oil supplements have natural anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce irritation around an affected anal gland. Probiotics formulated with fiber also help promote gut health.

Recommended supplements include:

Featured image: iStock.com/Robert Way

summary

Anal sacs (also known as anal glands) are two glands just under the skin next to a pet’s anus. The anal sacs fill with a foul-smelling liquid that is usually expressed through tiny canals during a bowel movement. Although dogs and cats have historically used their anal gland secretions to mark their territory, our pets often express these glands when they are anxious or frightened.

Anal sacculitis is a term reserved for the frustrating condition characterized by the inflammation of these anal glands. Affected pets accumulate fluid in their anal sac, an uncomfortable condition that can cause pain and itching. As this condition progresses, the anal sacs can become inflamed or abscess (filled with pus), usually on one side only.

Anal sacculitis has been associated with allergic skin disease, perianal fistula, and gastrointestinal disease (particularly with the production of poorly formed stools). It is also anecdotally correlated with obesity in cats. But more often than not, anal sacculitis is considered idiopathic, which means we don’t properly understand its cause.

Dogs and cats of all ages can be affected, but dogs are much more likely to suffer from anal sacculitis than cats.

Symptoms and Identification

Affected pets typically show one or more of the following symptoms:

Frequent licking or “hunting” of the area

Rubbing or “sooting” the back on the floor

Leaking of foul-smelling liquid (usually on bed linen)

straining or pain when having a bowel movement

However, some pets show no symptoms at all. They can only be identified as possibly suffering from anal sacculitis if their glands are routinely expressed.

If the condition progresses in asymptomatic cases, infection of the glands is possible. When the infection leads to an abscess, the affected side typically becomes swollen and red, and almost always opens up to drain a bloody pus.

Anal sacculitis is typically identified by symptoms correlating with visual inspection and palpation when expressing the anal glands. Confirmation of a lesion as an anal gland abscess is similarly done by visual inspection, but a biopsy of the affected area may be deemed necessary if a cancerous tumor is suspected as the underlying cause.

Affected Breeds

There is no confirmed breed predisposition in either cats or dogs, but smaller dog breeds and overweight cats appear to be overrepresented.

treatment

Initial treatment usually involves squeezing the anal sacs manually. The frequency of this procedure depends on the patient’s individual level of discomfort, but can range from one to two weeks to every few months.

Increasing fiber intake is also often recommended, as is infusing a combination of antibiotics and corticosteroid medications directly into the affected anal sacs. Use of oral corticosteroids and antibiotics may also be indicated, although systemic antibiotic treatment is considered questionable.

Abscessed glands typically require surgery.

In difficult cases, where the anal glands have chronic discomfort or recurring abscesses, surgery to remove them (called an anal sacculectomy) is sometimes considered the best option.

veterinary costs

The cost of veterinary care is relatively low for dogs and cats whose anal glands never become infected or abscess. Your expenses are usually reduced to frequent expenses alone — usually under $50.

However, the cost of infected or abscessed glands is significantly higher because infected glands require frequent drug infusions in the hospital and abscessed glands typically require surgical intervention, albeit a simple one. Owners can expect to pay anywhere from $100 to $1,000 per uncomplicated incident.

Should an anal sacculectomy become necessary, the expected costs are significantly higher. Because this potentially complicated procedure is often best performed by a veterinarian whose prices reflect his high level of expertise. Depending on the geographic area, this is typically between $750 and $2,500.

prevention

There is no known method of preventing idiopathic anal sacculitis in dogs. However, frequent manual squeezing and treatment of underlying conditions such as allergic skin disease, perianal fistula, and gastrointestinal disease can be very effective in preventing the recurrence of anal sacculitis in these patients.

Keeping cats lean is probably somewhat effective in preventing anal sacculitis in cats who are predisposed to it.

references

Lake AM, Scott DW, Miller WH Jr., et al. Gross and cytological features of normal canine anal sac secretions. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2004;51(5):249-253.

James DJ, Griffin CE, Polissar NL, Neradilek MB. Comparison of anal sac cytologic findings and behavior in clinically normal dogs and those affected by anal sac disease. Veterinarian Dermatol 2011;22(1):80-87.

Pappalardo E, Martino PA, Noli C. Macroscopic, cytological, and bacteriological evaluation of anal sac contents in normal dogs and in dogs with selected dermatological diseases. Veterinarian Dermatol 2002;13(6):315-322.

Robson DC, Burton GG, Lorimer MF. Cytological examination and physical properties of the anal sacs in 17 clinically normal dogs. Aust Vet J 2003;81(1-2):36-41.

Expressing the canine anal glands

A normal bowel movement is usually all your dog needs to adequately express and empty their anal sacs. Additionally, most groomers perform anal gland expression as part of their traditional grooming routines, but it’s always a good idea to ask if this is included. Petco offers anal gland expressions as part of a full-service dog bath or a bath with haircut or additional grooming option.

What Causes Affected Anal Glands in Dogs?

If the anal glands aren’t emptied properly during bowel movements or regular grooming sessions, secretions can build up, affecting the glands and potentially causing further problems.

Certain conditions and external factors can make your dog more likely to affect the anal glands. These include but are not limited to food and environmental sensitivities, abnormal thyroid hormone levels, bacteria, yeast, and chronic skin infections. Certain breeds, including Cocker Spaniels, Beagles, and Chihuahuas, are also prone to anal gland problems. If your dog is one of these breeds or already suffers from the above conditions, it’s a good idea to pay special attention to his anal glands to ensure they are functioning and expressing themselves properly.

If left unattended, affected anal glands in dogs can become quite a problem. Not only are they uncomfortable and itchy for the dog, but they can lead to abscesses and even rupture if not handled properly. It’s best to leave treatment of an affected anal gland to a trained veterinarian who can ensure the glands are expressed thoroughly and properly to avoid further trauma.

If you notice an ongoing problem with your dog and affected anal glands, be sure to discuss the issue with your veterinarian who can help you identify possible treatment ideas to help alleviate the problem.

There is no polite way to introduce this topic: pet anal glands. These are mysterious, marble-sized sacs containing foul-smelling material and can be found between your pet’s internal and external anal sphincters between around 4am and 8am.

All dogs, cats, and carnivorous species (including humans) have them; You may know what anatomical parts I’m talking about if your dog has ever had a fear of butt-slipping your favorite rug or had the unfortunate experience of developing an anal gland infection.

Anal gland problems in dogs

Problems with your dog’s anal glands lead to many vet and groomer visits, despite serving a purpose beyond job safety. Sebaceous glands produce a liquid substance that has a foul, fishy odor, is yellow to brown in color and serves as a means of identification and territory marking.

Normally, the liquid secretions are expressed when a dog defecates. The pressure of the solid feces allows the glands to empty completely.

No problem if that happens outside! Where do things take a hard turn? If your dog has softer stools and the anal glands are not fully naturally expressed, was born with narrow ducts, produces excessive material, or has suffered damage to the duct due to perianal infection, trauma, allergies, or inflammation, it is more likely to have anal gland impaction and – develop infection.

Sphincter dysfunction and obesity also predisposes a pet to anal sac disease. Certain breeds (usually on the small side) also need more frequent monthly, manual removal of their glands: Chihuahuas, toy and miniature poodles, cocker spaniels, Lhasa apsos, basset hounds, and beagles top the list.

How do I know if my dog ​​needs to express their anal glands?

Most pet owners become aware of the symptoms of affected glands when their pet drags their rear end on the floor, bites the base of their tail, passes the telltale fluid (smelly) at times other than defecating, tugs at defecating, or has a red, near the A hairless bulge is noted in the anal glands.

If swelling is evident on either physical examination or visual inspection of the area, an anal gland abscess is present.

Bacterial overgrowth in the gland, which is filled with abnormally copious, thick material, causes swelling, suppuration, eventually rupture, and pain. Abscesses can be relieved with a warm washcloth and will need to be treated with antibiotics by your veterinarian.

If your dog suffers from chronic anal gland infections and you have ensured firm stools, weight control, adequate exercise, and allergies are not causing biting and trauma to the area with a high-fiber diet, he may be a candidate B For surgical anal gland removal or anal sacculectomy.

Surgery in this sensitive area can cause fecal incontinence and should not be done as the first step in treating anal gland disorders.

Preventive care for your dog includes good hygiene and grooming, awareness of these glands, and understanding the signs of inflammation. Most groomers will express your dog’s anal glands monthly as part of their service, especially if you own a small breed or your dog has a history of anal gland disorders.

How to squeeze a dog’s anal glands

Squeezing the glands can be done with steady pressure to milk the secretions from inside the gland and through the duct opening near the anus. Use latex gloves, lube, and plenty of paper towels, or have a professional remove the glands for a small fee. As with most things, “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it!”.

The repeated compression of the glands and ducts also causes a small amount of traumatic inflammation at the site and can later lead to an impaction. So if your pet hasn’t shown any symptoms of bloated glands, consider yourself lucky!

Jump to a specific section:

What are canine anal glands? | Do dogs have to express their anal glands? | How to Express Your Dog’s Anal Glands | Are Certain Dogs Prone to Anal Gland Problems? | Signs of problems with your dog’s anal glands | Types of Anal Gland Problems in Dogs | Treating Anal Gland Problems in Dogs | Tips to keep your dog’s anal glands healthy

Most dogs go out with their anal glands with no qualms their entire lives. When dogs poop, they usually express their glands naturally, releasing anal gland fluid. Dogs can also involuntarily express their own anal glands when they are scared or stressed.

Squeezing their own anal glands allows a dog to leave their scent to claim their territory near their home or in their yard during a normal bowel movement. When dogs meet, they sniff each other’s hind ends and anal glands to gather information about the other dog’s hormonal status.

However, there are times when these glands become full, compromised, or infected. Affected or diseased anal glands can be painful, so it’s important to recognize the signs of a problem and know what to do when it occurs. If signs of anal gland disease persist, you should contact your veterinarian to arrange an exam for your dog.

Here’s what you need to know about canine anal glands, from how they work and what they are, to the signs of anal sac disease and when to see the vet.

Anal glands, or anal sacs, are two small sacs, each about the size of a small grape, located on the right and left sides of a dog’s anus. Each gland is connected to a small tube that secretes a very distinctive foul-smelling fluid.

Under normal circumstances, as stool passes through the anus, it puts pressure on the glands and releases (expresses) the fluid.

Both male and female dogs, as well as cats and other animals, have anal glands. These glands are not essential to your dog’s health, and they can live without them if they need to be surgically removed for medical reasons.

Most dogs involuntarily express their anal glands. If a dog’s nutritional needs are met with good quality food and they are at a healthy weight and getting plenty of exercise, they should not need to express their anal glands. If your dog doesn’t have any problems, you don’t need to do anything.

Check with your veterinarian if you plan to pump routinely. Your veterinarian may recommend leaving the anal glands alone if they’re not causing a problem, or may agree to expressing them routinely to avoid a medical problem.

However, some dogs require their glands to be expressed manually. When the consistency of your dog’s stool changes, his anal glands are not being naturally expressed. Then the fluid in the glands thickens, making it difficult to express. When this happens, the glands can become irritated, inflamed, infected, and even compromised.

Once your dog has problems with anal gland infection, impact, or abscess, it is usually best to express their glands every 3-4 weeks to prevent the problem from reoccurring. Your dog’s anal glands can be expressed by your veterinarian, a veterinary technician, or even some groomers.

If your vet has agreed that your dog needs to routinely empty the anal glands, they may direct you to do this at home when you feel comfortable. Make sure you can trust that your dog will not react aggressively.

If you see blood or pus around your dog’s anus, or if your dog is very uncomfortable, do not attempt to express their anal glands at home. Instead, make an appointment with your vet right away.

To express your dog’s anal glands at home you will need:

latex gloves

Petroleum or a water-based lubricant

Another person to help hold your dog down

Follow these steps to express your dog’s anal glands:

If your dog is small, place him in front of you on a table or counter. If you have a big dog, you can kneel behind it. Have another person hold your dog by placing one arm under and around their neck and the other arm around the rest of your dog’s body and hugging them tightly. Put on a pair of latex or similar gloves and smear your index finger with petroleum jelly or a water-based lubricant. Lift your dog’s tail and gently insert your index finger about an inch into the rectum. Using your index finger and thumb, feel for a solid pea- or marble-sized object at the 5 or 7 o’clock position. Once you’ve found a gland, place a paper towel between the dog’s anus and your hand and gently milk the contents of the gland outward by applying pressure to the farthest side of the gland and pushing toward you. Don’t apply more pressure than you would be comfortable with, for example, pressing on your eyes. You should barely be able to feel the gland when it’s empty. Wipe the anal area clean. Repeat on the other side for the other gland.

Anal gland problems are predominantly a problem in small dog breeds, but they can also affect larger breed dogs. Toy and Miniature Poodles, Chihuahuas, Lhasa Apsos, Cocker Spaniels, Basset Hounds and Beagles top the list of breeds affected by anal gland disease.

Other factors that can increase the likelihood of anal gland problems include:

Chronic skin conditions (seborrhea, skin infections, or itchy skin)

obesity

Inadequate fiber

Change in stool consistency: loose stools, diarrhea or constipation

Parasites (both internal and external)

Food and/or environmental allergies

Genetics (more common in small breeds)

The most common signs that your dog has problems with their anal glands are:

scooting

Frequently turn around to lick or bite their hind end

Struggling to poop

showing discomfort when pooping (dyschezia)

Don’t want to sit

Anal discharge

Dogs may also have the following signs:

crying or whimpering

Withdrawing or becoming lethargic

Not wanting to eat or drink

Swelling or redness in the anal area

If these symptoms persist or are interfering with your dog’s behavior, they should be evaluated by their veterinarian as soon as possible. If left untreated, anal blockages, infections and abscesses can become major problems.

“Anal Sac Disease” is a broad term that includes some specific conditions such as:

Impaction of the anal gland

Affected anal glands cause moderate pain in dogs. When the anal gland fluid thickens, this pasty, brown material clogs the glands and forms hard masses. In average cases of impaction, the anal glands can be expressed with considerable pressure.

Anal gland infection or abscess

A dog suffering from an anal gland infection or abscess will experience moderate to severe pain. When the gland is infected, the bacteria from the infection cause pus to build up in the gland. Infection can then lead to an abscess when the pus-filled sac and swollen tissue block the gland opening.

You may see discoloration around the anal area or a red, hot, swollen spot at the back end, often next to or inside the anal opening.

Ruptured anal gland abscess

If left untreated, an abscess can rupture and your dog will experience severe to extreme pain. The fissures (fistulas) lead from the anal gland through the skin. You may see greenish-yellow or bloody pus coming out of the ruptured gland.

anal gland cancer

The anal glands can also be the site of cancerous tumors. The most common type of anal gland cancer is apocrine anal gland adenocarcinoma. This condition must not cause pain to your dog. It’s more common in older, female dogs. Certain breeds, such as German shepherds and dachshunds, are at higher risk.

Symptoms associated with anal gland cancer include bloody stools, bleeding around the anus, swollen hind legs, vomiting, increased thirst, increased urination, and lethargy. Your veterinarian may also notice elevated levels of calcium in the blood (such as hypercalcemia). The anal glands may also be enlarged due to the mass, but no material can be expressed from the gland.

These conditions should be diagnosed by your veterinarian after a complete physical exam, including a digital rectal exam. Additional tests such as ultrasound, fine needle aspiration, tissue biopsy and/or bacterial culture and sensitivity may be performed to create a specific treatment plan for your dog.

Most cases of anal sac disease can be treated by manually expressing the glands and treating them locally with antibiotics and/or steroid ointments. In some cases, oral antibiotics and anti-inflammatory pain relievers are required. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

For anal gland cancer, your vet will need to determine if it has spread to the lymph nodes or other areas. You will need to see a veterinary oncologist, and treatment may include removal of the anal gland and anal sac, chemotherapy, or radiation.

A diet high in fiber can help keep your dog’s anal glands healthy. Fiber promotes healthy digestion and proper stool formation. The force of the firm, bulky stool against the colon wall near the anus can help express the anal glands during a bowel movement.

Keeping your dog at a healthy weight can also contribute to healthy anal glands. Overweight dogs tend to accumulate excess fluid in their anal glands because their body fat reduces pressure on the anal glands when they poop. If your dog is overweight, talk to your vet about a weight loss plan. A combination of diet and exercise will help your dog achieve and maintain a healthy weight.

Here are some dog food formulas that are high in fiber:

Discuss options with your vet before changing your dog’s diet.

You can also add fiber to your dog’s diet and use supplements to reduce the risk of anal sac disease. Omega-3 fatty acids and fish oil supplements have natural anti-inflammatory properties and can help reduce irritation around an affected anal gland. Probiotics formulated with fiber also help promote gut health.

Recommended supplements include:

Featured image: iStock.com/Robert Way