Hedgehogs For Sale In Virginia? The 25 Correct Answer

Hedgehogs are nocturnal, athletic and solitary

Hedgehogs have grown in popularity as pets over the past few decades. Before adding one to your family, Dr. Krista Keller, a veterinarian at the University of Illinois Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Urbana, to learn as much as possible about the unique needs of these animals.

While the wild European hedgehog roams freely in gardens in the UK and elsewhere, the species being bred for the pet trade is the African pygmy hedgehog Atelerix albiventris, according to Dr. Keller, who is board certified by the American College of Zoological Medicine.

Hedgehog diet and housing needs

In the wild, hedgehogs eat a variety of bugs, plants, and roots. This diet can be difficult to reconstruct in captivity. “The best hedgehog food would be a specially formulated hedgehog or insectivore food, of which there are many commercially available supplements,” says Dr. Basement, cellar. “This diet can be supplemented with treats like mealworms, crickets, and fruits and vegetables.”

This lateral radiograph (X-ray) of a three-year-old African pygmy hedgehog was taken during an annual cardiovascular disease screening visit. The hedgehog’s snout will be placed to receive anesthetic gases to keep it still during the imaging procedure.

They may be rowdy, but hedgehogs are actually quite athletic creatures! In the wild, they often walk several kilometers a night and are skilled climbers and swimmers. To meet their exercise needs, pet hedgehogs need an enclosure large enough to hold a running wheel and room for natural feeding behavior.

The enclosure also needs smooth sides (so the hedgehog can’t climb out) and a hiding place to sleep. Minimum enclosure size is 2′ x 3′. Large Tupperware storage containers can be a great option for an enclosure.

It is also imperative to fit an external heat source (an underfloor heater or heat lamp) with multiple thermometers inside the enclosure to monitor effectiveness. Hedgehogs hail from a tropical part of the world and thrive best in a temperature of 75-85 degrees Fahrenheit. Cooler or hotter temperatures can cause a hedgehog to enter a state called torpor.

hedgehog activity

Hedgehogs are nocturnal. They sleep during the day and are very active at night. “They’ll get up for their ‘day’ when they eat dinner, which can be a nice time to interact with them before bed,” says Dr. Basement, cellar.

Keep in mind that their nocturnal activities, including running on a wheel, may mean you don’t want their enclosure in your bedroom. Wheels are loud! (Dr. Keller also says that running wheels should never have a wire bottom, as this construction leads to broken limbs.)

“Unfortunately, many captive hedgehogs are overweight, so exercise is very important,” says Dr. Basement, cellar. “Allow your hedgehog time outside of the enclosure to explore or swim while being supervised a few hours a week.”

hedgehog interaction

Hedgehogs are very solitary animals and should be kept separately. In the wild, they are only social during the breeding season.

Their solitary nature can make it difficult for these pets to warm up to you. dr Keller says that with time and patience, you can learn to work with your pet and gain their trust.

“The best way to train a hedgehog to handle animals is to get the animal from a breeder at a young age, although there are exceptions to this rule,” says Dr. Basement, cellar.

dr Krista Keller (right) demonstrates how to perform a physical exam on a pet hedgehog.

When you get your hedgehog for the first time, you should give it time to settle into its new enclosure. Give her a few hands off days. Once she’s settled in, start handling at night when she’s awake. Handling should focus on getting the animal used to smelling the hands. Be careful: hedgehogs will bite when startled, so it is very important to go slow and socialize the animal gradually.

hedgehog health care

Like any other pet, hedgehogs should see a veterinarian every year for early detection of potential health issues.

“Vet exams are a crucial part of hedgehog health. After you get a hedgehog, take it to a veterinarian to be checked for internal parasites and external parasites like mites,” advises Dr. Basement, cellar.

You should be aware that hedgehogs can get a variety of cancers and heart diseases. With annual vet visits and early detection, a hedgehog can still have a good quality and length of life. dr Keller also recommends neutering all female hedgehogs. Female hedgehogs are prone to uterine tumors, which can be fatal. Preventive neutering can completely eliminate this risk.

dr Keller says: “With the right care and husbandry, your hedgehog will live for about five years, some even longer than eight years.”

If you have questions about hedgehogs, contact your local veterinarian.

By Hannah Beer

Featured photo by Amaya Guizabal

Hedgehogs are an unusual type of pet that you won’t typically find at your local pet store. Some even wonder, “Do hedgehogs smell?” Finally, ferrets, another exotic pet species, have a strong odor. Watch this short but informative video and learn what Quilly’s nose knows.

Here is the transcript of “Do Hedgehogs Smell?”:

Hey Hedgie fans! Sarah from Texas wrote and asked, “Do hedgehogs smell?” It may surprise you, but this question gets asked a lot! Maybe it’s because we have some pig-like traits that people assume hedgehogs stink.

Hedgehogs don’t have scent glands like ferrets, skunks, or even cats! So when we are clean, we don’t have any particular smell.

Like any animal, if they are not kept clean, they will begin to smell funny.

Since pet hedgehogs are cage animals, we go through everything that is in our cage.

That means if the cage isn’t kept clean, we’ll walk through our own waste. And as you can imagine, that smells really weird! So that their hedgehog doesn’t stink, many hedgehog keepers give footbaths every day and change the bedding regularly.

Some hedgehog owners even manage to train their hedgehogs to litter. My friend Lisa wrote an article about how to scatter a hedgehog. Convince yourself of it on my website.

I’m sure it will be very helpful if you are worried about your hedgehog getting smelly.

If you keep our cage and bodies clean, a hedgehog should smell nice! Thank you for your question Sarah. That’s it for this episode of Ask Quilly

If you learned something or just had fun, please comment, like and subscribe.

I really love teaching everyone about us hedgehogs, so keep asking these questions.

Until next time, goodbye.

AFFILIATE DISCLOSURE: Heavenly Hedges is an Amazon Affiliate. We have partnered with them and other reputable retailers when they sell something that we believe will benefit our readers. By purchasing through our links, we may earn a small sales commission which helps us continue to provide informative and educational information for hedgie lovers. And the best part is that there are no additional costs for you. Thank you for being a loyal and supportive reader here at Heavenly Hedgies.

If you want to know more about hedgehog hygiene and you can’t find it on our website, you can ask in the comments below or on our contact page.

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If you want to learn easy methods to use during hedgehog bath time, we recommend this article: https://heavenlyhedgies.com/hedgehog-bath-time-tips-tricks/

I am often asked this question. How much time and money does it really cost to properly care for a hedgehog?

All animals require time and commitment and a pet should never be bought on a whim. However, I’m happy to report that hedgehogs ARE a low-maintenance pet.

cage cleaning

Expect to spend about fifteen minutes to a half hour a week cleaning your hedgehog’s cage, food bowl, water bottle, exercise wheel, and other toys. The wheel requires the most “work”. I have a lot of wheels to clean, so I’ve found that just placing them in a bucket or sink to soak for about 10 minutes works best for me. Hedgehogs WILL spin on their wheels. There are very few hedgehogs I’ve ever seen holding a fairly clean wheel. Normally these hedgehogs don’t use the wheel very often.

expenditure of time

Hedgehog playtime is what you make of it. Because hedgehogs are solitary creatures, they won’t get depressed or angry if you don’t get to spend a lot of time with them. However, it’s important to take your hedgehog outside every day to make sure he’s not sick or injured. I recommend getting a collapsible small animal playpen so your hedgehog can have time outside the cage without worrying about watching him every second. (They quickly run to a nice dark hiding place under the sofa.) Hedgehogs will bond with you and enjoy spending time with you, but they won’t be angry if you can’t spend hours with them.

food and water

You need to feed your hedgehog daily and refill the water bottle every few days. Treats can be fed several times a week. Treats are not necessary. My hedgehogs are all fed Purina One Beyond Chicken and Whole Oat Meal Recipe Cat Food with Mealworms as an occasional treat. The food is easy to find at any pet store.

bedding

I personally like and use kiln dried pine shavings for my hedgehogs. They enjoy burrowing into the bedding. Avoid cedar shavings and fragrant pine shavings (not oven dried). Aspen shavings can also be used, but I’ve heard of cases of hedgehogs being allergic to aspen. Linen must be changed weekly. Litter can be purchased at pet stores, department stores, and farm shops. I buy mine from The Tractor Supply Company. The downside to buying from a pet store is that mites are more likely to be in the litter.

heating

Temperature is a problem in hedgehogs. You should purchase a small animal heating pad to place under your cage, as hedgehogs are happiest and healthiest when temperatures are in the upper 70’s. Hedgehogs will attempt to hibernate when the temperature drops. I personally like the K&H Small Animal Heated Pads.

Costs

Expect to spend about $5 to $10 a month on groceries and $10 a month on linens. They don’t eat much and their dry cat food isn’t expensive, but you should feed them some mealworms, boiled chicken, scrambled eggs, or other treats, and even small bits will add up. A general visit to the veterinary well is also recommended for hedgehogs. This costs about $40 to $60. A good cage costs around $60-$75 and $30 for a heat mat.

Hedgehogs are small nocturnal animals. They have a spiky coat and are naturally found in Europe, Asia and Africa. They are considered exotic pets and are illegal to own in five states in the United States. Before you buy a hedgehog, you need to find out if they are legal in your state or county.

Are hedgehogs good pets? The two most common types of hedgehogs kept as pets are the European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus, and the smaller African pygmy hedgehog, Atelerix albiventris. Hedgehogs live alone in the wild and are typical loners. They may take a while to warm up when you first bring them home. Patience and time will help them trust you. Hedgehogs can be a fun and low-maintenance pet for your household, but they do need special care. They have sharp spikes that can make handling difficult. Consistent and proper daily handling will help them relax and feel comfortable with you. The hedgehog’s quills don’t shoot like a porcupine’s, but they are sharp enough to pierce your skin. Be extra careful if they are scared.

Hedgehogs, like all other small animals, are complex and unique individuals that require special care, food, and supplies throughout their lives. So before you start looking online for a hedgehog because you love Sega’s classic blue guy and want to buy your own Sonic on a whim, read on to find out why a hedgehog is far from an ideal “pet”.

Hedgehogs are loners who don’t want to interact with humans.

The most common type of hedgehogs bought as “pets” are hybrids commonly known as African pygmy hedgehogs. But these animals are only a few generations away from their natural living relatives. Calling them “domesticated” really touches the truth. And many hedgehogs die or are abandoned by buyers as the novelty wears off.

Each hedgehog has a unique personality, but most don’t care about human affection. Keepers note that getting a hedgehog to tolerate being held takes a lot of time and effort. Like porcupines, hedgehogs have sharp, prickly quills that they use to ward off predators. When they feel fearful or threatened, these spines will spring up in all directions, making the animals difficult to handle.

Many hedgehogs have a “self-anointing” habit: they writhe and smear their own foamy saliva all over their bodies. Some people might find this off-putting, but it’s just another sign that we don’t need to try to deal with these sensitive individuals.

Hedgehogs are docile and nocturnal, making them impractical for light sleepers, those who are out until the early hours, or children hoping for a playful companion. When hedgehogs feel threatened, they curl up into a tight ball and can easily be injured if a human — or a dog or cat — tries to roll them up.

Some regions have banned the keeping of hedgehogs because some are carriers of the highly contagious foot-and-mouth disease. They can also transmit salmonella bacteria, viral and fungal diseases, and their sharp spines can pierce skin and cause infection.

Purchasing a hedgehog supports the deadly trade in “pocket animals”.

Hedgehogs aren’t native to North America, but that hasn’t stopped the notorious pet trade from profiting from this exploited species. Although their small size makes them look cute and cuddly, “pocket pets” are fierce animals that have very specific needs that the average person cannot meet.

When people succumb to the temptation to purchase exotic animals such as hedgehogs from stores, auctions or the internet to keep in their homes, it often results in pain and death for these animals. Hedgehogs can easily suffer from malnutrition and the overwhelming stress of being in captivity in an unnatural and uncomfortable environment.

PETA has uncovered breeding facilities where hundreds of suffering small animals are kept in damp, filthy cages and trash cans. When Colorado state officials and local officials were executing a warrant investigating pet breeders Ken and Lynn Kubic, officers found dead hedgehogs on a row of shelves and stacks of tubs. Inspectors discovered more than 500 animals — including snakes and other reptiles, hedgehogs and sugar gliders — in the Kubics’ basement, which reeked of urine and animal excrement. A senior inspector called the situation “unbelievable”.

Hedgehogs’ needs will not be met if they live in a cage.

Hedgehogs require specialized veterinary care that is almost impossible to find locally and food that many keepers are unwilling to provide. Despite the claims of breeders and sellers, much is still unknown about the natural behavior of these animals, optimal nutrition and the needs related to their environment in order to be happy.

However, we know that in the wild, hedgehogs can travel several kilometers in a single night. Life in a cage with perhaps a wheel to walk on poles versus the freedom to hunt crickets in the grasslands or forage in the vast savannah.

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Keeping a hedgehog may be illegal or restricted in your area.

It is currently illegal in California to own a hedgehog; Georgia; Hawaii; New York City; Omaha, Nebraska; and Washington, D.C. Other states and cities may have specific restrictions or require a permit to keep one. It is also illegal to transport hedgehogs from Africa.

*****

Tell everyone you know hedgehogs are not “pets.” Never buy a hedgehog or any other animal. If you are willing to open your heart and your home to a pet, open access shelters are the first and best place to go. So many dogs, cats, rabbits and other pets are just waiting for a good home. You can search by species on Petfinder.com to find adoptable animals in your area.

Hedgehogs will generally attempt to run away from humans, or if shocked, will curl up into a spiny ball. They have sharp needles all over their backs that can pierce the skin. It is often itchy when a needle does this and can cause a rash. Personally, I’ve never had a rash when the needles go into my skin, but the area of ​​skin is usually itchy for a while.

I’ve read that it’s possible that bacteria can be present on the spines which, if they penetrate human skin, can cause a fever or stomach ache, but I’ve personally never experienced this and have treated hundreds of hedgehogs. However, for your own health and safety, you should try to use gloves when handling a hedgehog.

Hedgehogs can bite you, but this happens very rarely. This usually happens when they are young and think your fingers will feed them (if they were syringe fed since they didn’t have a mother). The boys can’t really bite too hard and when I’ve been bitten it’s more like a little clamp around your finger than like teeth digging into your skin.

The adult hedgehogs have more powerful dentition and two small, rabbit-like front teeth that penetrate the skin when they bite. They tend to cling to you for a while and if you get bitten you’ll have to have a little tug of war to remove them. They are strong enough to dig their teeth into your flesh, but very rarely bite. I’ve only been bitten when waking up an adult hedgehog that was sleeping during the day. He was very unhappy with me and gave me a nice sip (see photo). As with all animal bites, if you are bitten you will need a tetanus shot if you are not up to date with it. You would also need to see your GP or a hospital so they can properly clean and bandage the wound.

Hedgehogs can make themselves appear awkward with defense mechanisms, including curling up into a very prickly ball and poking out their needle spines (much like the hairs on your skin when you get cold). This makes them much more difficult to manage and tells you they don’t want to be disturbed. They also emit hissing noises when they don’t want anything to get near them, and push their bodies up as if they’re about to run towards you and ram you or whatever is nearby. But when they do and you get close to the hedgehog, they usually curl up and keep hissing at you. This is a distress and a way for a hedgehog to warn other wildlife that may be dangerous to a hedgehog, it is an essential mechanism in protecting yourself.

They can also make noises almost like a small dog, but sound more like a grunt. The baby hoglets often make these noises to get their mothers’ attention. Mothers protecting their chicks will hear a sound as if they are breathing in and out through their noses. I noticed this when I had to clear out a pen and the mother was near her chicks (I try never to disturb her when this happens). I have a feeling it’s a worrying noise from the mother and perhaps a warning to the hatchlings that something is near.

Since hedgehogs are wild creatures, they carry many things that humans can catch. Ticks are probably the most dangerous. Ticks are very noticeable and generally don’t move very quickly. They are often brought to us via hedgehogs that are in poor health. Ticks, along with most other animals such as dogs, feed on the blood of hedgehogs. If a tick manages to latch on to a human, chances are it will get some horrible bacteria. You must be very careful with ticks as they can transmit Lyme disease, a bacterium carried by ticks. Because ticks can be found on many animals, chances are you’ve seen one before and not known it was a tick.

Hedgehogs also carry worms, lungworms and ringworm. But as long as you wash your hands after handling a hedgehog, you should be fine. Just don’t put your fingers in your mouth after removing a hedgehog from the road! Ringworm leaves a round, red, itchy rash on your skin. If you see this, you need to go to your GP for medication.

Finally, hedgehogs carry mites and fleas, which generally don’t cause problems for humans as they don’t tend to jump off hedgehogs onto humans.

#hedgehog #ringworm #lungworm #dangerous #bite #tick #flee #spikes #human #people

What do wild hedgehogs eat?

In the wild, hedgehogs will eat a diverse range of insects, as well as some plant matter and very occasionally small mammals or baby mammals (such as small mice). Hedgehogs are nocturnal and usually feed at night.

How should I feed my pet hedgehog?

A pet hedgehog’s diet should consist primarily of high-quality hedgehog chow mixed with high-quality, low-fat cat food. The following dietary supplements can be offered in small amounts two to three times a week:

• Gut-laden insects such as mealworms and crickets. Gut loading refers to feeding the insects a nutritious diet before you feed them to your hedgehog so your hedgehog can benefit from the added nutrients.

• Fresh fruits and vegetables such as apples, pears, bananas and small portions of cooked carrots

• hard boiled egg

“Insects should be purchased from a pet store or raised at home.”

Check with your veterinarian for recommended vegetables and fruits for your hedgehog. Insects should be purchased from a pet store or raised at home. Care should be taken when harvesting insects from gardens where insecticides and fertilizers have been used. Earthworms can be a very nutritious treat. Your veterinarian may be able to give you some tips on how to successfully raise your own insects to offer to your hedgehog.

What should I NOT feed my pet hedgehog?

• Avoid lettuce and celery, which have low nutritional value.

• Do not feed avocados as they are poisonous to your hedgehog.

• Do not feed your hedgehog raw meat or raw eggs.

• Hedgehogs cannot digest milk. Consuming milk and milk-based foods can cause diarrhea.

• Do not offer nuts, seeds, or hard foods such as raw carrots, as these can get stuck in the palate (especially peanut halves).

• Do not offer “human food” without first consulting your veterinarian.

Can I feed my hedgehog as much as he wants?

Hedgehogs are prone to obesity if their food intake is not monitored or controlled. Diet given in measured proportions and with the appropriate amounts of protein, carbohydrate, fiber and minerals will help avoid this problem. As with all animals, exercise is extremely important for weight control. Some hedgehogs walk on a wheel, others need a cage big enough to walk around in.

“Hedgehogs are prone to obesity if their food intake is not monitored or controlled.”

Do I need to give my hedgehog vitamins?

With a balanced diet, hedgehogs do not need any additional vitamins.

Can I offer treats to my hedgehog?

Hedgehogs don’t need treats, although an occasional offering of fresh vegetables, fruits, and grains is acceptable.

what about water

Water should be available 24 hours a day. Filtered water is preferred. Most owners choose to offer water through a drinking bottle suspended in the cage. If you use a water bottle, make sure your hedgehog drinks from it. Check the hose every time you change the water (at least daily) to make sure the sipper hose isn’t clogged with food.

Clean all food bowls and water sippers daily with soap and water and rinse well.

What type of cage does my hedgehog need?

The cage should be large enough for the hedgehog to move about. At least 2 x 3 feet (61 x 91 cm) should be the minimum floor space provided. Walls must be high enough to prevent escape as hedgehogs are good climbers. A glass aquarium or smooth-sided cage is a sensible choice for many owners. An aquarium should be at least 30 gallons in volume. Wire bottom cages should be avoided as your hedgehog could easily injure himself with a foot in the wire. Cages with plastic bottoms and wire walls can be used as long as the spacing between the bars is 1 inch or less.

Bigger is always better so your hedgehog has plenty of room to move! Hedgehogs are very active animals; They seem to be constantly walking around when not sleeping. Because they are nocturnal, they are most active at night. They are skilled climbers and diggers and good swimmers. Hedgehogs can be let out of their cage to explore in a large monitored secure space.

“Bigger is always better so your hedgehog has plenty of freedom of movement!”

Should I check the temperature in my hedgehog’s cage?

Hedgehogs are very susceptible to extreme temperatures. In the wild, African hedgehogs do not experience cold weather. When a hedgehog’s body cools down, it becomes less active and, if the low temperature lasts for several hours, can become seriously ill. Heat stroke is possible at temperatures above 29 °C. Hedgehogs seem to thrive in an ambient temperature of 70º – 85ºF (21º – 29ºC).

You may wish to place a safe, additional heat source under one end of the cage if the ambient temperature in the coop is too low.

Can I accommodate more than one hedgehog in each cage?

In the wild, hedgehogs are solitary and in captivity they are better kept in solitary cages. Fighting can occur in hedgehogs kept in groups, especially if there is insufficient space.

What can I put in my hedgehog’s cage?

Hedgehogs are nocturnal and therefore do not like bright light. A hiding place such as A box, such as a cardboard or wooden box, cloth bag, PVC pipe, plastic log, or small plastic hut will provide your hedgehog with some privacy and a place to avoid the light. If you are putting down cloth items, it should be cloth fine enough not to catch toenails.

Some pet hedgehogs use a litter box, but most defecate randomly. Food and water bowls need to be a bit heavy as hedgehogs like to rummage around and move objects around the cage. Large ceramic dishes work well.

“Hedgehogs are nocturnal, so they don’t like bright light.”

what about toys

Unlike most other pets, hedgehogs rarely play with toys. They like to run on an exercise bike meant for hedgehogs or chinchillas, but do not use a wire bike as your hedgehog’s feet could get stuck. Chew toys can also be placed in the cage, although it is not necessary. If you provide chew toys, make sure the smallest piece of the toy is too big for the hedgehog to swallow.

What kind of bedding material should I put in the cage?

Acceptable bedding materials include shredded paper, newspaper, recycled pellet/resorbable material, and wood chips such as aspen or untreated pine. Avoid corn cob litter as it tends to mold when wet. Dusty shavings or cedar shavings should never be used as they can irritate your hedgehog’s eyes and respiratory system.

How do I care for my hedgehog cage?

Clean the cage regularly. All feces, urine and uneaten food should be removed daily. Cages should be cleaned with soap and water at least weekly (rinse well). Hedgehogs are prone to skin irritation from urine and droppings, so the sooner you clean up after your hedgehog the better.

When it comes to adding a pet to your family, it’s easy to forget that cats and dogs aren’t the only options. But compact pets can be just as cuddly, and they can be easier to care for, require less attention, and potentially be more affordable. For children over 5, small pets can be a good option because caring for them teaches children responsibility, says Jennifer Graham, DVM, associate professor of zoological companion animal medicine at Tufts University’s Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine in North Grafton, Massachusetts.

To decide if a small pet is right for your kids, do as much research as you would if you were deciding on a larger animal. Some of the most popular pets, like hamsters and guinea pigs, may look similar, but they differ greatly in terms of their needs and how they interact with people.

If you’re thinking about which small pet might suit your family, consider these six options – some traditional and some more unusual. No matter which one you welcome into your home, remember that they all have unique needs and characteristics.

Getty Images.

hamster

This classic small animal is easy to care for and can even be trained to handle bedding. However, hamsters can be quite nimble, and small breeds (and especially females) can be quite aggressive, says Katherine Quesenberry, DVM, chief medical officer at Schwarzman Animal Medical Center in New York City. This makes some hamsters harder to handle than others. dr Graham recommends bringing home a larger breed, such as a Syrian hamster that may be better adapted to caring for your family.

A hamster should be kept in a spacious cage with tunnels and nesting areas for sleeping (just make sure you can easily clean the cage). They typically live around three years, so think about how much your child would want to interact with you.

If they lose interest in caring, these years can seem long. They can also appear briefly when the pet dies, exposing your child to death for the first time. Unless they have experienced the loss of a loved one, the experience will no doubt be distressing, although it can also provide an opportunity for a life lesson. “It can be sad, but also a way to introduce the idea that everything is dying,” says Dr. Graham. “You can be there when your child goes through the experience.”

Guinea pig

Although guinea pigs belong to the same family of rodents as hamsters, their behaviors couldn’t be more different. These rodents are gentle and have a sweet disposition, making them less likely to bite.

They can also be sociable, meaning they don’t mind being touched – as long as they’re held properly – and don’t mind if young children want to interact with them. But if you’re just looking to add a new pet to your family, consider your other options. As social creatures, guinea pigs do best in pairs or small groups.

These cuddly creatures are ideal for a child just learning to take care of a pet as they are less likely to get frustrated with a young caretaker. Guinea pigs also have longer lifespans — around five to seven years — than hamsters, and they require more time and effort. Their large appetites mean they eat a lot of hay and vegetables, which can make them messier than other small mammals; You may need to clean their cages more frequently.

gerbils

“Gerbils are easy to care for but not very practical,” says Dr. Quesenberry. “They’re fine for kids who don’t want to be as involved.” Unlike hamsters and guinea pigs, gerbils have a relatively short lifespan—about two years. Feeding gerbils is easy as they have a similar standard diet to rats and hamsters: rodent pellets and food blocks, along with some additional seed mixes.

Gerbils are not usually aggressive, so they can be held, but they are very fast, so holding them for long will not be easy. This speed means lots of activity in the cage, which could spark your child’s interest. Gerbils are more sensitive to their environment than other small animals, and too much moisture can cause them respiratory and coat problems. If you are concerned that your environment may be too humid for a gerbil, consult a veterinarian.

rats

A rat might not be the first small pet on your list, but “they make some of the best pets for young children,” says Dr. Graham. “Rats can be calm and relaxed, not as nimble as other small mammals, and they can be handled a lot.”

Rats make great companions if you want your child to develop a strong bond with a pet as they are interactive and can learn tricks such as B. retrieving objects and navigating through labyrinths or obstacle courses.

Because rats love to interact with people and things, providing them with a range of toys and accessories, from ropes to paper towel rolls, will keep them happy and occupied. Rats are also easy to care for and require a standard rodent diet of food blocks. However, like gerbils, rats have short lifespans of two to three years.

Rabbits

You can consider these popular small pets for kids as long as there is plenty of adult supervision to ensure they are handled safely and given the care they need. Like guinea pigs, rabbits have an agreeable nature that can be good for younger children, but they can be very fragile.

While larger breeds can be particularly gentle, Dr. Quesenberry that all rabbits should be spayed or neutered to prevent any aggression (and to prevent uterine cancer in females). This is especially important if you want to keep more than one rabbit in the same space, which is ideal given their social needs.

A rabbit can live eight to twelve years. They can also be trained to litter, but they’re not the easiest of small pets to take care of. Rabbits need lots of space and attention. dr Quesenberry advises that proper nutrition is important to ensure their health and happiness: grass hay, fresh vegetables, and rabbit pellets.

chinchillas

Chinchillas are a more exotic option for children who want to observe their pet rather than directly interact with them. Though they’re gentle, chinchillas can be very agile and fast, and they may not be appropriate for young children who aren’t confident handling them, says Dr. Quesenberry. They need a diet of chinchilla pellets and hay, with veggies as a reward.

Unlike their small pets, chinchillas should be given a dust bath rather than a water bath. You must purchase chinchilla dust (specially formulated to mimic the dust in its natural habitat) and place it in a sturdy bowl or deep plate. Alternatively, you can buy a dust house. A chinchilla needs a dust bath given outside of its cage two to three times a week. The cage should be multi-level so that it can climb up and down.

With a lifespan of around 12 to 15 years, chinchillas tend to live much longer than guinea pigs and other rodents.

Hedgehog

These spiny mammals might not make cuddly pets, but they are cute, friendly, and relatively long-lived, with a lifespan of five to seven years. And if hedgehogs are handled from a young age, they will become social with your child. The downside is that you may end up spending more money on them.

“Hedgehogs require more care and are more prone to health problems than other small pets,” says Dr. Quesenberry. “They have a higher incidence of disease and sometimes develop oral cancer and get mites, so your vet bills can be a bit higher.”

Hedgehogs are omnivores, so they also need a different diet with vegetables and special food with protein. Sometimes cat food can meet the requirements, but you should consult your veterinarian. If you’re considering getting a pet hedgehog, be sure to check local laws — it’s illegal to own these small mammals in certain states.

Domesticated hedgehog

The most common species of domesticated hedgehog is the four-toed hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris). The Algerian hedgehog (Atelerix algirus) is a separate species of hedgehog.

The domesticated hedgehog kept as a pet is typically the African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris).[1] Other species kept as pets include the long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus)[2] and the Indian long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus collaris).[3]

Roman domesticated hedgehog[ edit ]

The Romans domesticated in the 4th century BC. a relative of the Algerian hedgehog to use for meat and quills and as pets.[4]

The Romans also used the quill-covered hedgehog skins to clean their shawls, making them important for trade, leading to the Roman Senate regulating the hedgehog skin trade.[5] The spikes have been used in training other animals, for example to stop a calf from suckling after it has been weaned.[6]

Hedgehog quills continued to be used for cardstock paper and dissecting needles long after the Romans stopped actively breeding and breeding hedgehogs.

Modern domestication[ edit ]

A pet hedgehog

In the early 1980s, after a hiatus of about 1600 years, hedgehog domestication became popular again. However, some US states ban them or require a license to own one.[7]

Since domestication resumed, several new hedgehog colors have been bred or spread, including albino and pinto hedgehogs. “Pinto” is more of a color pattern than color: a total lack of color on the spines and underlying skin in certain places.

Currently, the species most commonly found among house hedgehogs are African, originating from warm climates (above 22 °C, 72 °F). They do not hibernate in the wild, and if one of these African hedgehogs begins hibernating in response to a lower body temperature, it can result in their death. The process is easily reversed by heating if caught within a few days of onset.

legality [edit]

Since a hedgehog is usually kept in a cage or similar enclosure, it is allowed in some homes where cats and dogs are not allowed.

In some countries in North America, it is illegal to keep a hedgehog as a pet and a license is required for legal breeding. These restrictions may have been put in place because of the ability of some hedgehog species to transmit foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. There are no such restrictions in most European countries.

The European hedgehog is a protected species in all countries that have signed the Berne Convention; this includes all member states of the Council of Europe as well as the European Union and a few other states. In these countries, the European hedgehog may not be captured or kept as a pet.

Legal status international [ edit ]

Austria: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs (African pygmy hedgehogs) can legally be kept as pets.

Australia: All hedgehogs are classified as exotic pets which are illegal to import. [8th]

Canada: In Quebec – European hedgehogs are illegal. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal. In Ontario – European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Denmark: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Finland: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Germany: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. They may be removed from their habitat injured or sick, but only for the purpose of restoring their health. If they cannot be released back into the wild for any reason (such as neurological disease or permanent limb damage), keeping them is still illegal and they must be euthanized by a qualified veterinarian. [ why? ] Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets. Italy: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Latvia: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Netherlands: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Poland: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

Spain: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are illegal and considered an exotic invasive species.

Sweden: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

United Kingdom: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets.

USA: In Idaho and Oregon – European hedgehogs are not allowed to be kept as pets. Four-toed hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets. A permit is required in New Jersey and Wyoming. In Wisconsin – an import permit from the State Department of Agriculture is required to bring a hedgehog into the state. In Fairfax County, Virginia – it became legal to keep hedgehogs as pets in 2019. [9] In Pennsylvania – Hedgehogs may not be introduced into the state, but hedgehogs in the state as of 1992 and their offspring are permitted. [10] It is currently illegal to own a hedgehog in California, [11] Georgia, Hawaii, New York City [12] and Washington, D.C. to own.

Singapore: Hedgehogs of all kinds are illegal, as are other exotic pets such as iguanas, tarantulas, scorpions and snakes. [13]

Turkey: European hedgehogs are protected and cannot be kept as pets, and four-toed hedgehogs are also legally not allowed to be kept as pets.

housing [ edit ]

A domesticated baby hedgehog

In the wild, a hedgehog travels many kilometers every night.[14] A hedgehog with insufficient reach may show signs of depression, such as: B. excessive sleeping, refusal to eat, repetitive behavior and self-mutilation. Hedgehogs need a lot of exercise to avoid liver problems due to being overweight. Therefore, a domesticated hedgehog must have access to an exercise wheel. Wheels must be chosen carefully to avoid foot injuries.[15]

food [edit]

In the wild, a hedgehog is opportunistic and eats many things, but the majority of its diet consists of insects. As insectivores, hedgehogs need a high-protein, low-fat diet. They also require chitin, which comes from the exoskeleton of insects; Fiber in the diet can be a substitute for the chitin component. There are ready-made foods specifically for pet hedgehogs and insectivores, including foods made from insect ingredients. Also available are food powders to sprinkle on other foods that provide chitin and other nutrients.

Pet hedgehogs can eat table foods such as cooked, lean chicken, turkey, beef, or pork. They often eat small amounts of vegetables and fruits. Hedgehogs are lactose intolerant and develop stomach problems after consuming most dairy products, although occasionally low-fat yogurt or cottage cheese seem to be well tolerated.[16]

allergies [edit]

Hedgehogs pose very little danger to their owners and carers.[17] It is possible to have an allergic reaction to objects surrounding the hedgehog, such as B. the hedgehog’s food or bedding, but it is rare for a person to be allergic to the hedgehog itself.

After handling hedgehogs, some have claimed pink spots on their hands are an allergic reaction.[18] This is more likely to be caused by small bites from the hedgehog’s spines. If a hedgehog is not clean, the spines can become infected. Infection occurs through contaminants on the hedgehog or on the surface of the hands, not through an allergic reaction to the hedgehog. As with most pet shops, you should wash your hands after handling a hedgehog.

Hedgehogs are often allergic to wood oils. Wood bedding should be avoided, especially cedar. The oil found in cedarwood can cause severe upper respiratory problems. However, Aspen is widely accepted as a safe substitute.

diseases [edit]

Hedgehogs can easily become obese; If they can no longer curl up completely into a ball, this is a clear sign of being overweight. Conversely, hedgehogs often stop eating in stressful situations, for example when settling into a new home.

Hedgehogs are susceptible to many diseases, including cancer, which spreads quickly in hedgehogs, and Wobbly Hedgehog Syndrome (WHS), a neurological problem. Some symptoms of WHS are similar to those of multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans, so the condition the animal experiences can be compared to what MS patients experience. A possible cause of WHS is a genetic error that allows a virus to attack the hedgehog’s nervous system.[19]

The nose can show a variety of symptoms of a restless hedgehog, particularly respiratory conditions such as pneumonia. In many cases, the form of pneumonia that affects hedgehogs is bacterial in nature. If you act quickly, antibiotics can have a very positive effect. Signs to look out for include blisters, excessive dripping, or constant sneezing.[20]

Hedgehogs typically respond to stress with temporary digestive upsets such as vomiting and green feces.[21]

References[ edit ]

” “Atelerix albiventris). The CDC was Justin Sullivan/Getty Images The most common species of hedgehog in the pet trade is the African pygmy hedgehog (). The CDC has made efforts to raise awareness of the numerous health risks people face when handling exotic pets like hedgehogs.

Not all animals are cute into adulthood, but hedgehogs are. These nocturnal little collectors are native to Europe, Asia, Africa and the web, where you can find memes of them bundled up in teacups and taking bubble baths. It’s no wonder people want to keep hedgehogs as pets because arguably they’re as cute as miniature horses, but here’s the real question: Is it wise to welcome a pet hedgehog into your life?

Actually secure. The first question should be: is it legal to welcome a pet hedgehog into your life?

Different countries have different laws about keeping hedgehogs, but in the United States you can keep hedgehogs in all states except Georgia, Hawaii, California, Pennsylvania, Washington D.C. and five boroughs of New York City legally own a pet hedgehog. Even in these locations, it may be legal to have them in your home with special wildlife permits.

Of the 17 hedgehog species found on four continents, the African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) is the most common species in the pet trade. If you live in a state or country where they are legal to keep, you can purchase one from a breeder or sometimes even find one at a flea market. But just because they’re adorable and also legal doesn’t mean they’re the kind of pet you want, even if the hedgehog aesthetic really suits your personal Instagram brand. Here are five questions you need answers to in order to decide whether or not to make hedgehogs:

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1. Are hedgehogs cuddly?

Hedgehogs are solitary animals and generally only interact with each other in the wild during the breeding season. That said, if you get your pet hedgehog when he’s very young and treat him regularly, chances are he’ll become one of the world’s rare loving hedgehogs.

“Like every pet, every pet has a different personality,” says Sydney Brehm, a veterinarian at Sweetwater Creek Animal Hospital in Lithia Springs, Georgia. “Many are not the biggest fans of cuddling and prefer to explore their surroundings on their own.”

Keep in mind that regardless of their temperament, your hedgehog will have a lot of stiff spines. Although the quills aren’t tricked out with barbs or venom and won’t come loose once they’ve dug into your skin like a porcupine’s quills, they’re still sharp and there are plenty of them. Hedgehogs are particularly edgy when curled up into a tight ball, which they often do when they’re scared or asleep. So if you’re hoping to make your hedgehog one of the cuddly ones, chances are you’ve got a long, spiky line to chop.

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2. Will they get along with other pets?

Although hedgehogs are solitary creatures, putting your pet hedgehog in a cage and ignoring them is not a good idea. They are extremely active in the wild – they can climb, swim, and often run several kilometers each night (normal hedgehog business hours). Because hedgehogs need time to run around, contact with your other pets, while inevitable, should be kept to a minimum.

“Hedgehogs do best on their own in a cage,” says Brehm. “If you have them out and about, they might touch your cat or dog’s noses or stay curled up in a ball until the other loses interest or gets poked on the nose a few times and gives up.”

According to Brehm, a hedgehog can coexist with cats and dogs but will not typically befriend them, and it’s a good idea to monitor any interaction between your hedgehog and another animal. It’s also best to keep your hedgehog away from other small exotic pets to ensure the safety of both animals.

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3. Do hedgehogs transmit diseases?

The average, healthy pet hedgehog lives between five and eight years, but they are susceptible to certain diseases just like dogs and cats are susceptible to rabies and distemper. Hedgehogs have the potential to transmit and transmit foot-and-mouth disease, salmonella, tinea, and can transmit various other microorganisms and viral infections, which is why they are banned in some places.

Just to be on the safe side, refrain from kissing your hedgehog and be sure to wash your hands after handling them.

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4. What do hedgehogs eat?

In the wild, hedgehogs root through the undergrowth for all sorts of small animals such as insects, worms, centipedes and frogs (male hedgehogs have also been known to eat baby hedgehogs if they find a nest). You can buy commercial hedgehog food which, if you must own a hedgehog, you should feed at home.

“It’s okay to offer the occasional treat — non-starchy veggies, fruit, even a bite of lean meat here and there,” says Brehm. “Hedgehogs are prone to weight gain and obesity, which inevitably leads to health problems, so always keep treats limited and always ensure a flat bottom wheel for exercise.”

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5. Will your hedgehog keep the same schedule as you?

Unless you’re a real night owl, probably not. Hedgehogs are nocturnal and very active while most humans are asleep. So be prepared for your hedgehog to make a lot of noise at night and plan accordingly.

Hedgehogs have some other very special needs to consider. “Because they’re an exotic pet, their cage needs weekly maintenance, and the hedgehog itself needs frequent bathing and claw trimming,” says Brehm. “And last but not least, the temperature around your hedgehog is very important. If the temperature drops too far, the hedgehog will attempt to hibernate and may not recover from the attempt [the hedgehog does not have the fat stores in captivity that it would have in the wild, so could very easily starve.] Their ideal temperature is around around 24°C. It is very important to have a plan in place before introduction to maintain the temperature in your hedgehog’s enclosure – one for your household.”

So the basic story about hedgehogs is that while they’re adorable, no, they don’t make the best pets. The animal’s happiness should come first in your decision to adopt one, and in this case it’s pretty safe to assume that the hedgehog will be happier in his own world than in yours.

Well, that’s interesting. One disease hedgehogs can get is “balloon syndrome,” where gas builds up under their skin due to an infected wound. This causes the hedgehog to swell to twice its natural size. Treatment involves a skin puncture and a round of antibiotics.

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Originally published: April 24, 2019

The axolotl is definitely a unique pet, a species of salamander that is entirely aquatic. Unlike most salamanders, they do not undergo metamorphosis from larval to adult form, changing respiration from gills to lungs. Instead, they remain in the water their entire lives. So they are not pets to handle, but they can be very entertaining to watch. They are relatively easy to care for and hardy, making them suitable for pet owners. Also, their dietary needs are pretty basic.

What is an axolotl? An axolotl is a species of salamander that can be found in a variety of colors including black, gray, gold, and white.

Species Overview Common Names: Axolotl, Mexican Running Fish Scientific Name: Ambystoma mexicanum Adult Size: Between 6 and 18 inches long, although over 12 inches is rare Life Expectancy: 10 to 15 years on average

The Spruce / Adrienne Legault

The Spruce / Adrienne Legault

The Spruce / Adrienne Legault

Axolotl behavior and temperament

While relatively resilient to slight fluctuations in their environment, axolotls also have delicate, soft bodies with permeable skin. In fact, most of their body is made up of cartilage rather than bone. This means that they should not be handled unless absolutely necessary. And if you must remove them from their tanks, do so with a fine-mesh net that won’t tangle with their body parts.

Once you’ve set up their housing properly, you usually only need to devote a few hours a week to feeding and cleaning. The rest simply enjoy them as a calm, aquatic companion. Axolotls tend to be quite bold and are perfectly content moving around their tank while being watched by their humans. Some come to the side of their tank when a person is there and watching them.

However, they are not particularly social animals and do not need tankmates. They should not be kept with other species as axolotls may attempt to eat pet fish and the fish will sometimes nibble on them as well. You should even be careful when housing them with other axolotls. Juvenile axolotls can be cannibalistic among themselves, so they are best raised in separate enclosures. Adults may be able to be housed together, but still watch out for cannibalistic tendencies. If a body part is bitten off by a tankmate, an axolotl can actually regenerate it over time. However, it is still best to avoid this situation altogether.

1:16 Watch Now: Axolotls are cute, but are they good pets?

Housing the Axolotl

At least a 15 to 20 gallon aquarium is recommended for axolotls. Make sure the tank has a secure lid as it is not uncommon for these animals to attempt to jump out of their enclosure. A land area in the tank is unnecessary for these fully aquatic animals. The water depth should be at least slightly greater than the length of your axolotl. But adding extra depth helps with water quality and gives your pet more freedom of movement.

Keep the tank in a cool room away from bright sunlight with water temperature between 57 and 68 degrees Fahrenheit (14 and 20 degrees Celsius); Do not let it rise above 75 degrees Fahrenheit (24 degrees Celsius). Axolotls (unlike many reptiles) do not require special lighting. In fact, a dark hiding spot, like a plant pot laid on its side or an aquarium castle, is often appreciated.

Some owners choose to leave the bottom of the tank bare, although others believe this could stress the axolotl if it can’t find a footing on the slick bottom. If gravel is used on the floor, it must be coarse gravel, larger than the axolotl’s head. Fine gravel could be picked up and cause a blockage.

Tap water that has been treated with an aquarium water conditioner that removes chlorine and chloramines is good for axolotls. Never use distilled water and make sure the pH of the water is between 6.5 and 7.5. (You can find a water test kit at most pet stores to check.) Most owners find that a filtered aquarium is easier to maintain because unfiltered water requires frequent changes to remove debris. However, if you choose to have a filter in the tank, the filtration rate should be slow. Powerful filters that create strong currents can stress an axolotl.

For a tank with a filter, cleaning typically consists of a weekly 20% water change and vacuuming debris from the bottom of the tank. If you don’t use a filter, you probably need to change 20% of the water daily or every other day. Never do a full water change as this can change the water chemistry too drastically and stress your pet.

food and water

In the wild, axolotls feed on snails, worms, crustaceans, small fish, and small amphibians. In captivity, they can be fed a variety of brine shrimp, small strips of beef or liver, earthworms, bloodworms, Tubifex worms, other frozen fish foods, and commercial fish pellets. Do not feed worms or fish you have caught yourself as these can transmit parasites. In general, no vitamin or mineral supplements are necessary.

Consult your veterinarian regarding the amount of food you can offer and the frequency with which you should feed your axolotl, as this will vary based on age and size. In general, many adults eat two to three meals a week. One of the best feeding methods is to hold the food in round-nosed tweezers in the tank near the animal. You can also just drop the food into the water as close to the axolotl as possible. If your axolotl doesn’t want to eat much during the day, try feeding him in the evening when he’s usually more active. Remove uneaten food from the tank every day to keep the water clean.

The Spruce / Katharinenlied

Common Health Problems

A notable feature of axolotls is their regenerative power. For injuries that aren’t life-threatening, they can regrow their limbs, tail, and even other body parts like heart and eye tissue.

But this remarkable ability does not protect them from all health problems. Unhygienic tank conditions can lead to viral or bacterial infections, signs of which include lethargy and loss of appetite. Also, the accumulation of ammonia from waste in the tank can be toxic. When this occurs, it can disrupt the respiratory process and cause damage to the gills, as well as lead to neurological damage.

Additionally, axolotls with gravel in their tank small enough to eat are prone to gastrointestinal obstructions. If your axolotl has an obstacle, it will likely be lethargic and not want to eat. And if not treated promptly, death can occur quickly.

Additionally, axolotls rarely undergo metamorphosis into a terrestrial form. The reasons for this are poorly understood, although it may have to do with hormones or water properties. Metamorphosis can be extremely taxing on an axolotl and can significantly reduce its lifespan. If you notice any abnormal changes in your pet’s body, such as B. It’s starting to get bigger, get it checked out by a vet who specializes in exotic pets as soon as possible.

Is It Legal to Own an Axolotl as a Pet?

Axolotl ownership is illegal in some states, including California, Maine, New Jersey, and Virginia. They are legal to possess in New Mexico but illegal to import from other states. Check your local exotic pet laws to ensure you are allowed to keep one.

Axolotls are native to Mexico and are considered an endangered species due to habitat loss, declining water quality, and urbanization. As such, they should never be taken from the wild for the pet trade. The vast majority of pet axolotls are descended from captive bred animals used for scientific research.

Buying your axolotl

Always purchase an animal from a reputable breeder or rescue group. It is best not to buy an axolotl over the internet or from a classified ad unless you have spoken directly to the seller and they can provide you with adequate information about the animal. If they can’t give you thorough documentation on origin and health history, that’s a red flag. It’s also ideal to speak to people who have purchased animals from this seller to uncover any concerns. Also, a local exotic vet can often direct you to a good breeder or rescue center.

Expect to pay between $20 and $70 on average. Animals with rarer colors like copper tend to cost more. A healthy axolotl will be active and may accept food if you offer it. Its skin should not be scaly and its body should be slightly plump (as opposed to underweight), although it should not have any abnormal swelling.

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