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AquaGel, a water-based lubricant, is one of the must-have vacuum therapy penis pump accessories. Lubrication is needed to create an airtight vacuum seal against your body and also to load the support rings onto the penile tube.Grease lubrication, as well as lubrication by liquid oil or atomized oil (oil mist), or even pressurized pure oil are used in various process pumps. Generally, grease is chosen for ease of lube containment, but it is limited to relatively small ANSI pumps.Place the tube over the entire penis. Use the pump to pull the air out of the tube. This will create a vacuum, and blood will fill the penis, causing an erection. Only use the amount of vacuum pressure needed for an erection.
Table of Contents
Do you use lube for a pump?
Grease lubrication, as well as lubrication by liquid oil or atomized oil (oil mist), or even pressurized pure oil are used in various process pumps. Generally, grease is chosen for ease of lube containment, but it is limited to relatively small ANSI pumps.
How do you treat a erectile dysfunction pump?
Place the tube over the entire penis. Use the pump to pull the air out of the tube. This will create a vacuum, and blood will fill the penis, causing an erection. Only use the amount of vacuum pressure needed for an erection.
What can I use as lube for pumping?
Coconut oil is a natural lubricant chosen by many pumping mamas.
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Breastfeeding and pumping can be painful. It might be one of motherhood’s better kept secrets. Often we are unprepared for what comes after birth, to the point where postpartum plans actually become a thing now. There’s good news: If you experience pain while pumping, you’re not doomed. There are a few simple ways you can reduce pain and make peace with your pump. BeauGen’s innovative cushions are one thing, adding lubrication to your pump can be a powerful double whammy for pain relief.
In this post, we answer a common question our Mommy Care Team receives: Can I use lube with the BeauGen breast pump pillows? We also inform you about the product recommended by our Mommy Care Team and where you can get it. Tip: It’s closer than you might think!
Let’s talk lubrication
Aren’t breast pump cushions designed to reduce friction? Why do I need extra lubrication?
We’re glad you asked! While our breast pump pillows do not require lubrication to effectively add comfort and custom sizing to your flange fit, many mothers find that adding lubrication to their pillows helps provide extra protection from rubbing and discomfort during pumping. First, adding a lubricant will further reduce friction. The lube allows your skin to slide next to the breast pump cushion. The pillow that moves with the pump helps to further simulate a baby’s sucking, which is designed to mimic a breast pump.
Photo Credit: Chelsea Skaggs, Partners of BeauGen
The second effect of lubrication is to encourage healing of your delicate nipple tissue while preventing further damage. The lube acts as an extra barrier during pumping and is then absorbed by your skin over time to replenish and heal the delicate breast tissue. Many lubes are also designed to be used between pumps or breastfeeds to encourage further healing.
Cracked nipples are not only painful, but can lead to conditions like thrush. Using a simple and effective solution like adding lubrication to your pumping routine will make a big impact.
What lube should I use?
Choose food-safe lubricants as they will come into contact with your expressed milk. Coconut oil is a natural lubricant chosen by many pump moms. With its rising popularity, many moms already have this on hand, making it an understandable and effective choice.
Not a fan of coconut oil? You also have other options. Our team of moms at BeauGen are here to support all aspects of your breastfeeding journey, so we now offer an all-natural, organic nipple balm that makes a great lube for pumping and breastfeeding. We will provide more information about this project shortly.
Will using a lubricant affect my pillows?
nope! Your pillows need to be washed after each use to ensure they are safe for your breast milk (and your baby can later consume that milk). This means that if you use lube on your pillows, the soap and warm water will remove that lube from your pillows. After allowing the pillows to air dry as recommended, you will feel like the pillows are clean and ready for your next use. Pillows may discolour or feel a little “worn” over time, but this is perfectly normal.
How do I clean my pillows when I add lube?
You simply follow the same washing and care instructions as if you weren’t using any additional lubrication. Food-safe lubes break down and wash away with the mild soap recommended for cleaning your pillows.
So good it’s addictive: nipple crack
This small jar of organic nipple butter is full of nourishing protective and healing powers. Free from lanolin, petroleum, dyes and fragrances, Nipple Crack is safe and effective for mothers and babies when breastfeeding or pumping.
This healing balm contains nourishing and natural ingredients such as coconut oil, shea butter and aloe vera. It can be used on its own, before or after breastfeeding and expressing, and in conjunction with the BeauGen Breast Pump Pillows.
Why Use Nipple Crack With Breast Pump Pillow?
While BeauGen Breast Pump Pillows go a long way in reducing the friction caused by the hard plastic flange of a breast pump, some moms still have a little discomfort or need a little extra healing. Our team of Mommy Care Experts recommend adding Nipple Crack to help repair and protect your delicate breast tissue.
There are many different lubricants and balms for breastfeeding and pumping mothers. The BeauGen Mommy Care team decided to specifically recommend and offer Nipple Crack because it is the best of both worlds. Yes, it’s a lube, but it’s also specially formulated with natural ingredients to soothe, heal, and protect in a way that other balms, creams, and lubes just don’t cut it.
But what does this do to my milk?
Absolutely nothing! Just like coconut oil, Nipple Crack is food safe, which means it’s safe to use to protect and heal your skin while pumping or breastfeeding. This product is made from organic ingredients and is free from artificial fragrances, colors, petroleum and lanolin. We want to put only the best ingredients on your skin to ensure your milk is safe for your baby.
Are there other ways I can use the Nipple Crack?
We warned you that this little jar would be addictive. Yes, there are so many other ways you can use the nipple balm. Because of its moisturizing and soothing effects, many mothers also use the balm on other parts of their body. Chapped lips, cracked cuticles, dry skin? When you figure it out, why not? It’s safe and effective, so much so that you may find this little jar replacing other more expensive products in your personal care arsenal.
Have you checked out this addictive, soothing balm yet? Let us know if you have any other uses for nipple crack in the comments below.
What can I use as pumping lubricant?
Many women find that using nipple cream, coconut oil, or olive oil when they pump can help make pumping more comfortable. CoBoo spray is an easy way to lubricate your breast pump flanges using a spray bottle rather than having to rub oil or cream on with your finger.
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
This post may contain affiliate links, which means that if you click through and make a purchase, I will be compensated at no additional cost to you. I only recommend products I love! More info here.
What is CoBoo Breast Pump Spray?
Many women find that using nipple cream, coconut oil, or olive oil when pumping can make pumping more comfortable.
CoBoo Spray is an easy way to lubricate your breast pump’s flanges with a spray bottle instead of having to apply oil or cream with your finger.
How does lubricating the breast pump flanges help?
If you are uncomfortable expressing, the first thing to look at is your breastshield size. Pumping with a flange that is too large (which draws in too much areola) or too small (which does not allow the nipple to move freely) can be painful.
(Read more about finding the right size breast shield here.)
If you’ve had breast shields fitted or you’ve tried several different sizes without success, the problem could be that the friction is too much – especially if you’re pumping quite a bit.
Lubrication can help reduce this friction and discomfort.
Why Use CoBoo Spray?
If you find pumping with lubrication more comfortable, using coconut oil or olive oil can sometimes be uncomfortable. It’s also a bit tricky to manage when you need to pump on the go.
CoBoo breast pump spray is much easier to use.
How do you use CoBoo spray?
It’s really easy – you simply position the spray bottle about 1 inch from the breastshield and spray each flange once. For most people, this provides the necessary lubrication to make pumping more comfortable.
CoBoo Spray: Conclusion
If you find pumping uncomfortable and are sure you have the correct breastshield size, I would definitely recommend seeing if lube will help. CoBoo Spray is a great way to try!
Have you used CoBoo breast pump spray? Tell us how it went in the comments!
What is a lube pump?
Lubricant pumps (sometimes called grease pumps) move large volumes of oil, grease, or other lubricants from a storage container or reservoir. They provide operator control of the lubricant flow rate and allow dispensing exactly where needed.
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Lubricant pumps (sometimes referred to as grease pumps) pump large volumes of oil, grease, or other lubricant from a storage tank or reservoir. They provide the operator with control over the lubricant flow rate, allowing delivery exactly where it is needed. They are often used to apply lubricant to moving machine parts and in hard-to-reach areas. Air operated grease pumps use compressed air to deliver grease more evenly and with less effort than manual grease pumps. Bearing packers (also called grease packers) remove old grease from ball or roller bearings and fill them with new grease. Manual grease pumps are portable, hand-operated pumps. Oil pumps deliver oil from a reservoir to machines or transfer oil to small containers or reservoirs.
Lubricant pumps (sometimes referred to as grease pumps) pump large volumes of oil, grease, or other lubricant from a storage tank or reservoir. They provide the operator with control over the lubricant flow rate, allowing delivery exactly where it is needed. They are often used to apply lubricant to moving machine parts and in hard-to-reach areas. Air operated grease pumps use compressed air to deliver grease more evenly and with less effort than manual grease pumps. Bearing packers (also called grease packers) remove old grease from ball or roller bearings and fill them with new grease. Manual grease pumps are portable, hand-operated pumps. Oil pumps deliver oil from a reservoir to machines or transfer oil to small containers or reservoirs.
How often should pumps be greased?
Using the chart and the formula, the bearing only needs 8 grams of grease every 10,000 hours. If your grease gun delivers around 1.35 grams per stroke, that means the bearing needs 6 strokes every 13 months; you could average it out to a stroke every 8 weeks or so.
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
How do you lubricate a centrifugal pump?
The most common centrifugal-pump lubrication-application system is the oil bath fed by a bottle oiler. In some cases, depending on the amount of oil in the bearing housing, a slinger or flinger may be required to properly lubricate the bearing.
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
(Author’s Note: Much of the information in this series is based on the practical knowledge of real-world lubricant experts. One such expert is Mark Kavanaugh, who has 42 years of experience in large manufacturing operations and is currently responsible for coordinating the lubrication of thousands rotating equipment in a Mark refinery is certified as CLS, MTL I and MLA II.)
Pumps are an essential part of any production facility. Most operations need to move fluids from point to point. Some large end users, such as chemical plants and refineries, have thousands of pumping systems. Pump operation and maintenance should never be taken for granted. Often referred to as the “heart” of a facility, pumps are key components in a site’s overall reliability program. Table I lists various pump types classified as either positive displacement or centrifugal pumps. This article focuses on centrifuges.
Centrifugal pump considerations
The family of centrifugal pumps includes radial flow types (the most common) and axial flow types.
A radial flow centrifugal pump uses a rotating impeller to apply centrifugal force to a fluid, creating energy that results in a flow. The flow is accelerated by the pump impeller in a radial, outward motion into a diffuser or volute chamber and exits into a downstream pipeline.
An axial flow centrifugal pump develops flow by the lifting or driving action of the blades on the impeller.
In a mixed flow variant of the radial and axial flow types, the pressure is developed by both centrifugal force and the lift effect of the blades.
The two types of centrifugal pumps are ANSI (based on American National Standards Institute Pump Standard) and API (based on American Petroleum Institute standards). Standard dimensions for ANSI pumps include:
The distance between the center lines of the suction and discharge ports. The height of the pump coupling. The position of the pump hold-down screws
ANSI pumps are typically smaller, light-duty, overhung units. API pumps (which meet the higher API standards) are typically used in heavier applications than ANSI pumps. There is a movement to combine both ANSI and API standards into one standard for the US.
ANSI pumps have both radial and thrust roller bearings. Typically, the radial bearings are single row deep groove ball bearings. The thrust bearings are either paired angular contact ball bearings or double row angular contact ball bearings.
API pumps typically contain double row deep groove ball bearings and angular contact ball bearings for the axial load. On larger heavy-duty API pumps, radial bearings are cylindrical for higher load carrying capacity and thrust bearings are paired tapered roller types for axial loads.
General purpose seals are moving more towards bearing isolators or magnetic seals. Lip seals are no longer approved for API pumps, but are still used in some ANSI pumps. Mechanical seals are used to pump environmentally harmful liquids.
Guidelines for the selection of lubricants
Most pumps are lubricated with rust and oxidation inhibiting (R&O) oils, which also contain small amounts of antifoam and demulsifier additives. Some pump manufacturers recommend anti-wear (AW) additives, but most use R&O oils.
Viscosity is the most important criterion when choosing the right pump lubricant. Table II lists guidelines for selecting the correct viscosity for rolling element bearings.
The viscosity most commonly used for centrifugal pump bearings is ISO VG 68. In some colder climates, ISO VG 32 is used.
Application methods for lubricants
Proper use of lubricants is just as important as proper lubricant selection. The methods used are:
bath
Bath tub with sling ring
circulation system
Pure Mist
Rinse out mist
bathing method…
The most common system for lubricating centrifugal pumps is the oil bath fed by a bottle lubricator. Depending on the amount of oil in the bearing housing, a flinger or slinger may be required in some cases to properly lubricate the bearing. Figure 1 shows an oil bath in a centrifugal pump. If only lubricating with an oil bath, the oil level should be kept so that it covers half of the lower ball. In Fig. 1, the radial bearing is a single row deep groove ball bearing, and the thrust bearings are paired angular contact ball bearings.
The Trico Bottle Oiler is the most commonly used method of setting up an oil bath. An acrylic oil sight glass is attached to the bottom of the lubricator reservoir. This type of sight glass is useful for observing the color of the oil – and in turn, helps determine when to drain water and dirt from the bottom of the reservoir.
Figure 2 shows how a bottle lubricator maintains the oil level in an oil bath. When the oil level in the reservoir goes down, the lubricator supplies additional oil and breaks the seal in the piston, introducing air, allowing oil to flow out of the piston. When the correct level is reached, the seal stops the flow of oil.
Best practices when using a bottle oiler are as follows:
Set the level control (spider) correctly. (I’ve seen some people throw them away.)
Install the lower lubricator on the correct side of the pump. The direction of rotation from the bottom of the shaft should be toward the bottle. This prevents overfilling of the reservoir, which leads to high oil temperatures that can lead to bearing damage.
The bottle should be mounted straight and not askew or crooked.
A standpipe (but preferably a breather) should be fitted to prevent overfilling due to the venturi effect of air currents passing over an opening.
Fill the bottle when the oil level has dropped to one third. By constantly filling the bottle, excess oil will end up in the reservoir.
Fill the bottle almost full, but drain it from an opening in the bottom of the reservoir. If no air bubble is seen, the line from the lubricator to the reservoir is clogged and needs to be cleaned (not an uncommon problem). Drain so much oil that it is 75% full. This important (but often overlooked) step automatically resets the bath level to the correct depth.
If the pump design does not allow the oil to cover 50% of the bottom ball, an oil ring – preferably a flinger – should be installed. It is critical to ensure that the oil ring/slinger is submerged to the correct oil level. API Standard 610 2.10 under Lubrication recommends a level of 0.12 to 0.25 inches from the bottom of the flinger or above the bottom of the oil ring bore. The following lubrication problems can occur in pumps with oil rings:
Slow ring rotation and insufficient lubrication due to high oil level
Bouncing on the shaft, probably caused by low oil level
Running against one of the bearings because the pump is not level. (This could starve the bearing on the opposite end, raise the oil temperature, and introduce oil ring wear particles into the bearing through friction.)
Check for out-of-round oil rings. If they are found to be out of round by more than 0.010, replace them.
Looking at the figs. 3 and 4, do you see any problems?
Oil mist process …
(Oil mist was discussed in detail in the March/April 2012 article on electric motor lubrication.) An oil mist system produces a mist that can travel 600 feet and service hundreds of lubrication points. It consists of oil particles <3 microns that pass through a reclassifier leaving a very thin oil film. The refining and petrochemical industry has been using this technology for more than 50 years. There are two types of oil mist: pure and purge. Pure mist is applicable to ball bearings in pumps and electric motors. Flush mist is suitable for any type of warehouse. As with engines, oil mist lubrication of pumps offers a number of advantages: Bearings run significantly cooler (15-30 degrees F) Clean flow lubrication Greatly reduced bearing failures A trouble-free system with no moving parts Alarm systems that monitor oil level and flow rate In pure mist systems, pure oil is reclassified into a light film that continuously deposits on the bearings. Excess liquid goes into the collection container. The purge mist's sole function is to guard against contamination by maintaining a slight positive headspace pressure over an oil bath. The oil bath takes care of the lubrication. Sometimes two different oils are used. That's fine as long as they're compatible. Lubricants used for oil mist on pumps and motors are the same. In warmer climates a low wax ISO 68 or 100 is usually used. In colder climates, an ISO 68 PAO or diester is recommended to prevent reclassifier growth. Troubleshooting Be proactive in solving pump lubrication problems. Pay close attention to the following issues: Contamination… Contamination can contribute to cavitation (see page 13), one of the main causes of failed bearings. Contamination results from: Poor seals Improper ventilation Loose filler plug Poor storage and handling resulting in dirty oil Delivery of dirty oil Steps to ensure clean lubricants include: Follow proper storage, handling, and shipping procedures (i.e., bulk indoor storage, oil-proof shipping containers, filter carts, and clean, dedicated hoses). Inspection of incoming oil deliveries for particle count and water content Installing desiccant breathers to prevent ingress of particles and water through pump suction. (Some new models have sealed filler ports for refilling.) Replacing worn lip seals or upgrading to bearing isolators Training and certification of oil technicians in best practices Mechanical problems... While there are myriad mechanical problems with pumps, two typically associated with lubrication are vibration and cavitation (see previous page). Pump vibration can occur for a variety of reasons, but when it is caused by structural stresses on the bearing housing - affecting the alignment of the pump bearings - the lubricant may not be able to do its job. Pipe stress at suction and discharge flanges, hollow base plates or soft foot at anchor bolts and misalignment of pump and drive couplings are the most common causes. Any of these conditions will twist, pinch, or pull on the pump frame and bearing housing, causing changes in the small clearances of the bearing races. These changes in clearance have an adverse effect on the thickness of the lubricating film and the path of the ball in its groove. Such situations will lead to the ball skidding or skidding and rapid overheating. Cavitation - the implosion of gas bubbles on the internal surfaces of a pump or pipe - is an amazingly destructive force. It can easily erode and damage impellers, volutes, pump housing and piping. Cavitation can be caused by leaking seals and O-rings that result in air pockets. A more common cause can be the effect of increasing temperature and/or pressure on the vapor point of the liquid being pumped. Once vapor pressure is reached, some of the liquid vaporizes into a gas and the remaining pressurized liquid is compressed, causing that gas bubble to implode on the nearest surface. Cavitating pumps can sound like they are pumping rocks or marbles. Best practices for operators in resolving mechanical lubrication-related problems early are: Closely monitor pumps and drivers to detect subtle changes in oil level, color, foaming and cleanliness Using infrared thermometers to check bearing and oil temperatures, and inlet and outlet temperatures on oil coolers to determine efficiency Frequently draining small amounts of oil from bearing housings to examine particle intrusion, abrasion and water content Detection of vibration changes, unusual noises or oil leaks Be vigilant about contamination control practices. (It can cost ten times as much to remove particulate contamination from oil as it costs to prevent contamination in the first place.) In the case of oil-contaminated bearings, drain distributors and catch bottles and regularly check the mist flow at the lubrication points Learn the proper use of desiccant deaerators, filter carts, and vacuum dewatering equipment Conclusion Pumps are an integral part of almost every system. The key to their reliability is the early detection of potential problems. Operators and lube technicians are key players in any reliability program. Using some of the troubleshooting techniques outlined in this article will go a long way in preventing premature pump failures at your site. Come up Part IV of this series (in the July/August issue of LMT) focuses on best practices for compressor lubrication and troubleshooting. LMT (SUGGESTED READING: For a thorough discussion of pumps, including more details on the lubrication problems associated with them, see Pump User's Handbook: Life Extension, 3rd Edition, by Heinz P. Bloch and Allan R. Budris, published by Fairmont-Presse.) Ray Thibault is located in Cypress (Houston), TX. As an STLE-certified Lubrication Specialist and Oil Monitoring Analyst, he conducts extensive training for operations around the world. Phone: (281) 250-0279. Email: [email protected].
Which part of the water pump needs the lubrication?
Modern Water Pumps Can’t Be Lubricated
A modern water pump has a permanently lubricated sealed bearing. There is a seal at the front (pulley side) of the bearing, and two seals at the rear (impeller side) of the bearing.
Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
While some additives can be good for your cooling system, not all additives are. There are some additives that are just snake oil. A good example would be additives that give “Water Pump Lubrication” as a benefit.
What are water pump lubricant additives?
There are some additives that are designed solely to lubricate your water pump (or the entire cooling system). These additives typically contain a water-soluble oil formula that runs throughout the entire cooling system, including the water pump. Manufacturers of water pump lubricants claim that their products not only lubricate the water pump seal but also prevent rust and corrosion.
Sounds like a great solution, right? There is one problem though: modern water pumps are self-lubricating, so adding water pump lubricating additives to your cooling system is pretty pointless.
Modern water pumps cannot be lubricated
Water pump design has changed over the years. A modern water pump has a permanently lubricated sealed bearing. There is one seal on the front (pulley side) of the bearing and two seals on the back (impeller side) of the bearing. If coolant seeps past the rearmost seal, it then drains out the drain hole located between the two rear seals. So it cannot lubricate the seal directly on the back of the bearing. And it can never really reach the bearing unless both seals are in good condition. Coolant can only reach the bearing when both seals have failed completely. At this point the pump needs to be replaced.
Contrary to what manufacturers of water pump lubricants would have you believe, water pumps do not fail due to rust and corrosion. Rather, it will fail because of one of the following problems:
Breach of seals due to age (or early age if seals were of poor quality)
Bearing failure due to age (or a poor quality bearing assembly)
Coolant contamination (due to head gasket failure)
Coolant degradation (age-related)
Drive belt tension too high
In short, any additives in the coolant have no practical effect on the life of the water pump bearing.
Why are water pump lubricants still on the market?
Many years ago, both water pumps and coolants were very different than they are today. Cooling lubricants served a legitimate purpose. And they still do, for people with older collector cars. But both pumps and coolants have greatly improved. Many OEM powertrain warranties cover a water pump from 60,000 to 100,000 miles. And none of the original equipment manufacturers recommend coolant additives, even though they face an expensive repair if the pump fails.
A quality water pump makes all the difference
A cheaply built water pump with inferior seals and bearings just won’t last long. You are doing your customers a favor by recommending OE quality pumps with high quality seals and bearings. Not too many people enjoy replacing water pumps, so providing a pump of the highest quality is important.
Penis Pump Problems: Three Things You Need to Know Before Using Your Penis Pump
See some more details on the topic lube for penis pump here:
The Do’s and Don’ts of Penis Pumps – Lubelife
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Best Lube For Penis Pump – YouTube
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Penis Vacuum Pump,UTIMI Electronic Male Enhancement …
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bostonpump.com penis pumping lube
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Water Soluble Personal Lubricant – 50ml bottle
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Vacuum pump lubricant – Sex and relationships
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You might find using lubricant all over the shaft prevents the penis sticking to the cylinder while pumping, and creates a more pleasurable experience.
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AquaGel Personal Lubricant for PosTVac System | Penis Pump Accessories
AquaGel, a water-based lubricant, is one of the must-have accessories for vacuum therapy penis pumps.
Lubrication is required to create an airtight vacuum seal against your body and also to load the support rings onto the penis tube.
AquaGel is non-greasy, non-staining and non-irritating and is slightly thicker than most personal lubricants, allowing it to perform better with our vacuum therapy systems.
Process Pump Lubrication Best Practices
What are the norms for pump lubrication? The vast majority of process pumps in the industry conform to American National Standards Institute (ANSI) or American Petroleum Industry (API) standards. However, neither of these two standard categories prescribes a specific type of lubrication.
Grease lubrication as well as lubrication by liquid oil or atomized oil (oil mist) or even pressurized pure oil are used in various process pumps. Generally, grease is chosen for its ease of lubricating, but it is limited to relatively small ANSI pumps.
The larger pumps and virtually all API pumps are oil lubricated, but the choice of lubricant type and the designs applying the lubricant to the bearings can vary.
Lubricant types are categorized as either mineral oils or synthetic oils, and they certainly differ in cost. In addition, lubricants must remain relatively clean in service and lubricant change intervals must be optimized. In short, there are important choices and decisions to be made. Therefore, guidelines are needed to improve reliability and cost.
Oil rings interact with lubricant viscosities
Viscosity is by far the most important property of lubricants used in process pump bearings. In general, thicker viscosity oil films protect rolling bearings better than thinner viscosity oils. For process pumps with roller bearings, lubricating oils of ISO class 68 (VG 68) allow higher operating loads than VG 32.
The problem is that oil rings or slingers that are optimally designed for applying VG 32 do not work equally well with the more viscous VG 68.
Oil rings usually work best in an as-designed speed range with precisely maintained immersion depth, ring concentricity, horizontality of the shaft system and surface roughness of the parts in contact. Different bearings are sometimes best lubricated with lubricants of different viscosities for long life and low friction losses.
But what if these bearings share the same bearing housing? Pump users focused on reliability need an optimization strategy and knowledge of lubricants will help with this.
Figure 1. Oil rings can tend to
Malfunction when touching stationary
housing parts.
Fortunately, ISO Class 32 synthetic lubricants have oil film thickness and strength properties that approach those of VG 68 mineral oils.
As a result, properly formulated VG 32 synthetic oils are the preferred choice by reliability professionals for the lubrication of many process pumps.
Synthetic VG 32 is also an excellent choice for many pump drives, such as the steam turbine bearing housing shown in Figure 2.
The journal bearing on the drive side of this small turbine was optimally lubricated with a VG 32 lubricant, while the roller bearing on the governor side (the pressure-loaded bearing) would last longer if VG 68 oil could be used.
Because of their superior properties, VG 32 synthetic lubricants exhibit the viscosity needed for reasonable oil ring performance and the oil film thickness and toughness properties needed to extend bearing life.
Here are some general guidelines worth considering:
Using a mineral oil would generally require an oil change every six to 12 months. With a clean, good quality synthetic lubricant, you would typically extend drain intervals to at least 24 months. By installing the advanced protective bearing housing seals shown in Figures 3 and 4 and preventing contaminant ingress at the vent openings, drain intervals of 36 months could be made possible.
ISO Class 32 mineral oils are often considered too “thin” for pump bearings. They rarely qualify for permanent, safe use in pumps with roller bearings under typical environmental conditions. However, simply switching to ISO Grade 68 mineral oils is risky for bearings that rely on oil rings for lubrication.
Properly formulated with the right base oil and with proprietary additives, ISO VG 32 plastics are quite acceptable in terms of film strength and film thickness. In fact, some ISO VG 32 synthetic oils perform twice as well as ISO VG 68 mineral oils. These high-quality ISO VG 32 plastics are characterized by the fact that they simultaneously meet the requirements of plain and roller bearings.
Premium plastics achieve high film strength through proprietary additives, so there can be significant performance differences between two lubricants of the same viscosity and base oils. Only one may be appropriate for the most reliable services.
The notion that one type of oil or one viscosity is right for all applications is seldom correct. Likewise, no fixed or specific oil ring geometry is ideal for all oil types and viscosities. Custom oil rings may be required to work with the thicker oils at certain high shaft speeds.
Although synthetic lubricants cost more than mineral oils when initially purchased, rigorous and all-encompassing cost accounting often shows relatively short payback periods. The combination of extended bearing life and extended drain intervals results in better payback.
This is made possible by keeping contamination away from the lubricant. Therefore, upgrading to the best available bearing protection seals and implementing plant-wide oil mist lubrication are two key strategies employed by world-class plants.
Protect the lubricant for longer bearing life
Air and lubricant occupy housing space not used by the bearings. For bearings to survive, solid particles and water ingress must be avoided. For this reason, proper bearing housing protection seals are essential to keep the oil clean.
Reliability-focused users are aware that unoptimized bearing housing guard designs can compromise oil cleanliness by shedding fragments from seal components.
Keeping the oil clean is the top priority when extended oil change intervals are the goal. In turn, achieving extended drain intervals often makes it economical to use high quality synthetic lubricants.
Combined, advanced bearing protection seals and synthetic lubricants create an environment conducive to long bearing life. Common sense and statistical evidence point to a greatly reduced risk of failure and demonstrable credits for avoiding maintenance costs.
Because synthetic lubricants are more expensive than mineral oils, some users are sticking with mineral oils for their process pumps. They may also be using inappropriate bearing housing seals since their only concern is purchase price.
Seals that are subject to wear include lip seals and also certain rotating labyrinth seals. Seals to avoid are those where a rotating o-ring can contact the sharp edges of an o-ring groove, or o-ring grooves that are wide enough to prevent such contact but have large amounts of Impurities can penetrate the bearing housing.
While even small machine builders recognize the need to limit both contaminant ingress and oil spills, inexpensive lip seals are found in some pumps and drives to keep initial costs low. However, lip seals typically only last about 2,000 hours of operation (three months).
When lip seals are too tight, they cause shaft wear and, in some cases, discoloration of the lubricant, known as “black oil”. When lip seals are worn and no longer seal tightly, oil is lost through leaks or contaminants get into the bearing housing.
This fact is recognized by the API 610 standard for process pumps, which prohibits lip seals and requires either rotating labyrinthine or contacting protective housing seals for bearing housings.
Small steam turbines often suffer from steam leaks from both the drive-side and governor-side packing glands. Each bearing housing is placed next to one of these two stuffing boxes, which contain carbon rings.
As soon as the internally divided carbon rings begin to wear, leaking steam enters the bearing housing at high pressure and at high speed. Conventional labyrinth seals have proven ineffective in many such cases and only well constructed bearing protection seals can effectively block the ingress of leaking steam.
Figure 2. This cross-sectional view shows a small steam turbine drive for process pumps.
(Ref. Worthington-Turbodyne)
The bearing housing protection seal in Figure 3 was developed for steam turbines. It includes a small and large diameter dynamic O-ring. This bearing protection seal is very stable and hardly wobbles on the shaft; it is also field repairable.
With sufficient shaft speed, one of the rotating (“dynamic”) o-rings will be ejected outward and away from the larger o-ring. The O-ring with a larger cross-section is then free to move axially and a micro-gap opens.
Figure 3. This half cut view
illustrates an advanced bearing housing
Protective seal for small steam turbines.
(Ref. AESSEAL Inc.)
When the turbine is stopped, the outer of the two dynamic o-rings moves back to its stopped position. At standstill, the outer O-ring contracts and touches the O-ring with a larger cross-section. With this design, the larger cross-section O-ring contacts a relatively large contoured area.
Since contact pressure is equal to force divided by area, good design aims for low pressure. In outdated configurations, contact with the sharp edges of an o-ring groove risks damaging the o-ring and slivers of o-ring material can contaminate the lubricating oil.
Upgrade to a better warehouse environment
Fortunately, concerns about the time it might take to upgrade to advanced bearing protection seals have been allayed. Modern products fit into the space formerly occupied by lip seals.
When a Dutch refinery applied for the bearing protection seal shown in Figure 3 to be fitted to one of their steam turbines in 2009, no modifications to the existing equipment were allowed. The installation of three bearing protection seals on the first machine had to be carried out during a scheduled plant shutdown.
Figure 4. A traditional lip seal (top)
versus a modern rotating maze
Bearing housing protection seal
(Bottom). (Ref. AESSEAL Inc.)
Since no detailed drawings of the bearing housing were available, the exact installation geometry could only be completed after the small turbine from Figure 2 had been dismantled. One of the main issues was the short outboard length – less than 0.25 inch was due to steam deflectors and oil slingers.
However, the manufacturer’s engineers were able to modify the advanced design to fit the existing groove of the OE’s labyrinth seals. It was delivered within a week of the steam turbine and bearing housings being measured and the turbine has been running flawlessly for years.
The point is, extremely inexpensive equipment upgrades are available at hundreds of refineries. However, superior bearing protection products for use in steam turbines must be specifically developed.
Compared to standard products typically used in pumps, the type described here offers important advantages such as: These include high temperature capability, the use of Aflas O-rings as the standard elastomer, the provision of additional end play to accommodate thermal expansion, and the use of high temperature graphite seals.
Given these benefits, there should no longer be any reason for water to enter the bearing housings of process pumps and small steam turbine drives in reliability-oriented plants.
When running a pump, you might reach an operating temperature that allows a certain thick oil to flow well, but what if the initial operating temperature at startup is fairly low and the oil doesn’t flow freely? This often happens when someone buys a standard “multipurpose” oil where a superior synthetic oil would be a far better choice.
These and similar problems are of course avoided with pure oil mist systems. These systems eliminate much of the human element and require less maintenance than traditional pumps and drives, which are lubricated with delicate oil rings and constant level lubricators.
Oil mist represents the best available technology
As previously mentioned, thick oils can be difficult to apply with the oil rings that typically come with API process pumps. These oils are easier and more reliable to apply than oil mist. Oil rings and constant level lubricators are not used in pumps and drives connected to plant-wide oil mist systems.
Figure 5. This graph shows how changes in lubricant application, oil type, and lubricant viscosity tend to affect the percent reduction in bearing friction. (Ref. E. Villavicencio)
Oil mist is an atomized quantity of oil carried or suspended in a volume of pressurized dry air. The oil mist—actually a ratio of one volume of oil suspended or carried in 200,000 volumes of clean, dry air—moves in a piping system.
The starting point is usually a simple mixing valve (the oil mist generator) connected to a manifold. Branch lines often feed hundreds of rolling elements in pumps and drives connected to the header.
Figure 6. This diagram illustrates how
changes in lubricant application,
influence oil type and lubricating oil viscosity
Storage temperature.(Ref. E. Villavicencio)
At a standstill or on standby, the pump and drive bearings are protected by the surrounding oil mist, which is under pressure in the bearing housing space that is barely higher than the ambient pressure.
These pump and drive bearings are lubricated from the moment atomized globules of oil coalesce into larger oil droplets. This combining begins whenever the equipment shafts rotate, when small beads come into contact with each other and begin to coat the bearing elements.
There are also plant-wide oil distribution systems where liquid oil (not an oil/air mixture) is pressurized and injected into the pump bearings through spray nozzles.
These oil spray systems are not to be confused with the more economical oil mist systems. However, both oil mist and oil spray applications can provide lower friction losses (see Figures 5 and 6) and should be considered when performing cost-justification analyses.
Use of high film strength synthetic lubricants
Good lubrication practices include selecting the right oil, maintaining it properly, and changing it before bearings become damaged. Lubricant quality improvements can only be achieved by using oils with excellent lubricating properties. These would be premium plastics.
However, even with well-known synthetic lubricants, the oil performance can vary greatly depending on the amount and composition of the additives in the oil. For process pump bearing lubrication, at least one company is combining synthetic base oils, including polyalphaolefin (PAO) and dibasic ester base oils, with advanced additive chemistry to achieve higher film strength.
Numerous incidents have been documented where advanced lubrication technology has significantly improved pump reliability. In most cases, the advanced lubrication technology, with its often more favorable (lower) coefficient of friction, leads to reduced operating temperatures of the bearings.
Microcracks in bearing surfaces can cause increased noise and vibration. Suitable oils with high film strength fill these microcracks. This then lowers the noise level and reduces the vibration level.
High film strength lubricants also reduce the likelihood of lubricating oil darkening during the running-in period of bearings with brass or bronze cages.
Cases of severe frictional contact during the initial break-in period of API-610 recommended copper-bearing material have been reported. If the axial thrust thrust on either of the two back-to-back bearings causes it to be unloaded, it can slip.
The risk of lubricating oils darkening during the break-in period of such pumps is reduced by using high-film-resistant synthetic lubricants. To be fair, this risk could also be reduced by insisting on sound installation techniques and selecting bearings with cages made from advanced high-performance polymers.
The API 610 requirement to use thrust bearings with specific load angles and brass cages represents a compromise that is particularly attractive to facilities that prioritize a desire for standardization over concerns about error prevention.
Whatever the differential cost of a quart of high film strength plastic, it is insignificant when compared to the value of avoided failure in critical, unsaved refinery pumps. Therefore, critical pumps, pumps operating at high temperatures, and pumps that have failed more frequently than others in the plant’s pump inventory should be lubricated with high-film strength synthetic oils.
Their higher cost is easily justified by four to six times the traditional drain (drain) interval and by keeping the oil free of contaminants. Oil contamination is effectively avoided by installing advanced bearing protection seals.
For pumps that are experiencing a problem, it is strongly recommended that you switch to a better synthetic oil. If access to the sump drain is safe when the pump is in operation, the existing oil can be drained while such pumps are in operation and running. Many high quality plastics are compatible with the oil currently used in a given pump. However, compatibility needs to be checked.
Of course, there are certain pump bearing or lubricant deterioration issues that have nothing to do with the lubricant type. In these cases, switching to better oils does not help.
Lubricants for oil mist systems
Pure oil mist lubrication makes oil rings or centrifugal discs superfluous. No liquid oil sumps are maintained in the bearing housings, hence the term “dry sump” is often used to describe modern oil mist lubrication. ISO VG 68 and VG 100 mineral or synthetic oils are used, although properly formulated ISO VG 32 synthetic oils (but not mineral oils) are suitable for most pump bearings and also virtually all types of rolling element bearings in electric motors.
Decades of experience with thousands of pumps and electric motors demonstrate the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of modern plant-wide oil mist systems. Typical payback periods using oil mist on problem pumps have generally been less than a year.
Bearing friction can be reduced by switching oils, using a different lubricating method, or changing both the lubricating method and the type of oil. In cooperation with a multinational lubricating oil manufacturer and a leading bearing manufacturer, five different modifications were closely examined.
The results were graphed and the percentage reduction in bearing friction is shown on the vertical scale in Figure 5. There are also temperature benefits associated with different oils and different lubrication application methods (see Figure 6).
Remember that you can avoid process pump failures by consistently staying within acceptable ranges of dimensions, material composition, manufacturing specific and application parameters. Of course, operation, maintenance and project planning have to work together. Still, sticking to solid specs isn’t difficult once an appropriate mindset has been cultivated. The difficulty is in cultivating the mindset.
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Vacuum erectile devices for erection problems: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Men with erectile dysfunction (ED) have persistent problems getting and maintaining an erection firm enough for intercourse. A vacuum erection device (VED) is used to help men with erectile dysfunction get and maintain an erection. These devices are also called vacuum constriction devices or penis pumps.
A VED consists of the following:
A plastic tube
A mechanical, battery-powered, or electric pump
A tie strap attached to one end of the hose
The tube is placed over the penis and the pump is used to create a vacuum that draws blood into the penis, causing it to become erect. The band is placed at the base of the penis to help maintain an erection.
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