Sharp’S Pygmy Japanese Maple Bonsai? Trust The Answer

Maple trees are famous for their fall foliage, which turns into a vibrant canopy of red, orange, and gold. In autumn you will find the sidewalks and gardens adorned with these colorful and crunchy leaves. A Japanese maple can enhance the beauty of an autumn landscape with its grace and charm. If you are interested in gardening, you can grow this tree yourself if you follow a few basic care tips. It requires, among other things, afternoon shade, protection from strong winds, well-drained and moist soil. In this article, we discuss how to take care of your indoor Japanese maple tree.

You can grow a Japanese maple tree indoors provided you take care of the seasonal needs and regular pruning. There are smaller varieties that are suitable for indoor bonsai. If you have some experience with plants, growing this tree indoors shouldn’t be much of a challenge.

Image courtesy of CSKK / License Details

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It’s important to keep Japanese maples small when you have limited garden space.

In this article, I’ll show you how to choose the right maple tree for a small garden and how to prune and care for Japanese maples to keep them small and compact.

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Japanese maples (Acer palmatum) are beautiful trees with spectacularly colored leaves in the fall.

They grow well in full sun or partial shade, but the leaves tend to be lighter in color when given full sun.

Japanese maples are hardy in USDA zones 5 through 8, but in warm areas young trees do best in a spot with some afternoon shade to avoid leaf scorching.

They need a period of cool winter temperatures to stimulate the buds to grow, so they are not suited to tropical or subtropical areas.

Dwarf Maple Varieties

Japanese dwarf maples are slow-growing, compact trees that are ideal for containers, shrub borders, and even bonsai.

Most Japanese dwarf maples grow to around 6 to 8 feet tall, making them perfect for small gardens.

Acer palmatum ‘Coonara Pygmy’ – grows to about 2 meters tall and has green leaves that turn orange and red in autumn.

Acer cirinatum ‘Little Gem’ grows 3 feet (1 meter) tall and forms a rounded shrub. The green foliage turns red and purple in autumn.

Acer palmatum ‘Garnet’ is a small weeping Japanese maple that grows 1.8 to 2.7 meters tall but 2.4 to 3.6 meters wide.

It has beautiful red leaves that turn a darker shade of red in the fall.

Growing Japanese maple trees in pots

Potted Japanese maples are ideal for patios, patios, decks, and balconies.

Choose a large pot that is twice the size of the root ball and has plenty of drainage holes in the bottom.

Use good quality potting soil that drains easily.

Caring for potted Japanese maples is fairly easy, you just need to make sure the pot is in a spot that gets full or partial sun during the day.

I recommend getting a pot stand with wheels, which makes it much easier to move around to catch the sun.

Water regularly in spring and summer to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.

Apply a liquid fertilizer in late spring and early summer to give your potted maple the nutrients it needs to thrive.

pruning maple trees

Japanese maples can grow 30 to 60 cm (12 to 24 inches) per year and reach 10 to 25 feet (3 to 7.6 meters) by 15 years, but you can keep them to a smaller, more manageable size with annual pruning.

The best time to prune Japanese maples is during winter when the trees are dormant.

Remove any diseased branches and prune back the small branches from the base of the tree.

Pruning the crown of the tree helps limit the height of the tree and encourages the growth of new branches on the sides of the tree to give it a fuller shape.

You may need to hire an arborist or tree surgeon if you have a large maple that needs severe pruning to reduce its size.

Potted Japanese maples grow much more slowly than trees grown in the garden, but they also benefit from regular pruning to keep them short. [1]

So here are my tips for keeping Japanese maples small and compact.

Small maple trees look stunning in the fall with their beautiful colors and with the right care, you can grow a small maple even if you have limited yard space.

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Have you tried growing a Japanese maple tree in a small garden? Let me know in the comments below.

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A Japanese maple (Acer palmatum) is one of the statelier plants to use in the garden. There is incredible variation between cultivated cultivars, making it difficult to describe a typical Japanese maple. They can be grown as single-stemmed small trees or large multi-stemmed shrubs ranging in height from six to 25 feet meaning a Japanese maple can fit into a variety of landscapes. The leaves range in color from dark green to red or reddish purple and can have between five and nine deeply dissected lobes. Fall color is very vibrant and layered branches give Japanese maples an interesting look in the winter months.

Where to Plant a Japanese Maple

Since Japanese maples are both slow growing and expensive to purchase, it is important to consider where to plant them and how to care for them. Although native to Japan, China, Taiwan, and Korea, Japanese maples can perform well in zones 5 and 6 when planted in the right location. It is not uncommon for plants to die back somewhat after particularly harsh winters. Prevent potential hardiness problems by planting in sheltered locations protected from harsh winter winds and avoiding low-lying areas. Japanese maples tend to leaf early in the season and are sensitive to late spring frosts.

Japanese maples grow best when planted in well-drained, acidic soil rich in organic matter. While they can be grown in poor soil, their growth rate is much slower and trees are more likely to be stressed. Ideally, they should be placed in a spot with mottled shade. The foliage of the Japanese maple is prone to leaf scorching in hot and dry locations in full sun. Burnt leaves develop brown edges and often fall off the tree in mid to late summer. Planting in full sun is only possible if the soil can be kept evenly moist even during the summer heat. Mulching can help by keeping roots cool and retaining soil moisture. Planting in the shade is often preferable, although purple-leaved varieties can develop a greenish tinge, which, while still beautiful, detracts from the desired trait of the plant.

How to prune a Japanese maple

Once established, Japanese maples can be considered a low maintenance plant. When young they may need some structural pruning to improve their appearance and health but should not require much additional trimming. Strive to keep branches in layers that don’t touch or rub against each other, and remove any that grow inward or are too vertical. Japanese maples tend to drip a lot of sap when pruned in late winter or early spring, so wait until summer when the spring growth blush has subsided to prune.

Fertilizing a Japanese maple

Don’t bother fertilizing a newly planted Japanese maple as the roots are unlikely to have the ability to absorb nutrients. If necessary, established plants can be fertilized in the spring before the leaves sprout. Japanese maples don’t need a lot of supplemental fertilizer, especially when the soil is full of organic matter. Therefore, only apply it when the plant seems to be growing too slowly or when a soil test shows a deficiency. Slow release fertilizers are the best choice as they gradually break down over the growing season and provide a continuous source of nutrients when the plant needs it. These types of fertilizers have a high percentage of “water-insoluble nitrogen,” which is listed on the label.

Healthy Japanese maples have very few problems with insects or disease and make a great addition to almost any garden. They have the potential to occasionally produce viable seeds and the odd seedling, but are not considered an invasive plant in New Hampshire. Attentive gardeners can discard unwanted seedlings as they emerge. As long as you pay attention to where they are planted and how they are cared for, they can provide decades of enjoyment.

Every garden needs at least one Japanese maple (ok, closer to 100) to add grace, beauty, color and romance. Good thing they come in almost every shape, size and color imaginable! An exceptionally useful group of maples is those with a dwarf growth rate (grows 6 inches or less annually). These little wonders can be used anywhere from the smallest garden to a prominent container display. Read on to learn all about growing Japanese dwarf maples and how to find the best strain for your landscape.

Design with dwarf maple

Show maple conifer garden landscape

Small gardens are often the starting point for gardeners who want to plant small. You don’t have to sacrifice variety, color and texture when dealing with space constraints! Just look for slow-growing strains of all your favorite plants, and you can build your own perfect, compact landscape. Japanese maples in particular have a huge number of dwarf varieties, and more are being added all the time.

Small Suburban Garden Backyard Maple Conifer Terrace

Small gardens and backyards can pack in tons of color and texture by planting dwarf maples in the ground and arranging them in containers.

Dwarf maples come in a range of shapes, sizes, colors and textures, so plant a wide variety to add low-maintenance beauty to your landscape. Photo: S. Jafri

Many dwarf maples tolerate partial shade, making them perfect undergrowth plants for adding color and privacy without causing crowding. Photo: A Ruchelman

Duckett

Whether you have space to plant or need to grow your maples in containers, you can create a peaceful sanctuary in your small garden with Japanese dwarf maples. Photos: D. Wols and R. Duckett

Containers are a perfect way to grow dwarf maples. Some dwarf maples grow so slowly that they can potentially remain in the same pot for many years without the need to downsize or root pruning. You can place your beautiful potted maple on your patio or balcony, or you can place it in a garden bed to add height and interest.

Even on a patio or in a yard without soil for planting, you can bring the garden to you by planting dwarf maples and companion plants in containers. Photo: A Radley

Containerized dwarf maple can be used to create various garden themes, such as the Japanese garden on the left. For contrasting heights, you can plant medium or large Japanese maples in containers and simply prune them to maintain your desired size, as in the garden at right. Photos: A Radley and R Duckett

Bonsai experts and novices alike can create incredible miniature specimens from dwarf maple varieties. The slower growing species are especially good for those just beginning their bonsai journey as they require less pruning and expertise. Some are practically natural bonsai trees!

Maple ginkgo bonsai in containers in patio garden

Japanese dwarf maples can be grown in pots like bonsai specimens with very little pruning required. Photo: A Radley

Dwarf maple varieties with unusual color or tiny leaves make incredible bonsai specimens. Photo: A Radley

Dwarf maple care

Japanese dwarf maples are very low maintenance and will thrive with very simple care.

When planting, dig your hole just as deep and slightly wider than the maple’s root ball. Loosen any circling or stuck roots, then place the tree in the hole, making sure the root opening (the place where the tallest roots emerge from the trunk) is just below the surface of the soil. Don’t bury it any deeper than this root torch. After planting, water well and apply mulch, if available, around the base to protect the roots from heat and cold and to prevent the soil from drying out too much.

Apply a slow-release fertilizer in spring to feed new growth year-round.

Water regularly during dry periods, about once or twice a week. Japanese maples don’t need a lot of water, but do best in moist, well-drained soil.

You don’t need to prune your dwarf maple much to shape or size, as growth is naturally very slow. Simply cut off dead or diseased branches when the plant is dormant. Be sure to disinfect your secateurs before and after pruning each maple tree.

The best dwarf maple varieties

And now the part you’ve been waiting for! There are so many wonderful species of dwarf maples that we’ve broken them down by color for you to use as a handy guide.

Green dwarf maples

Acer palmatum ‘Shishigashira’, also known as ‘Lions Head Maple’, is a classic Japanese maple with ruffled leaves and a sculptural shape. Her slow growth and upright habit makes her a great choice for small spaces or container growing, reaching about 7 feet in height and 4 feet in width by the age of 10 years. Shishigashira is a beautiful deep green color in spring and summer, with a bright red-orange color in fall enhanced by full sun exposure. It is robust to USDA Zone 6.

Acer palmatum ‘Shishigashira’

Acer palmatum ‘Fairy Hair’ is an exceptionally unique Japanese dwarf maple with thin, hair-like leaves that are green in summer and turn peachy red in full sun. In autumn the leaves turn fiery red. The name says it all! It gives the garden a romantic, dramatic look. It has an extremely slow growth rate, only reaching a height of about 3 feet by the age of 10 years. It’s surprisingly hardy and easy to grow, being hardy to USDA Zone 5. Fairy Hair grows well in full sun to partial shade.

Acer palmatum ‘Fairy Hair’

Acer palmatum ‘Goshiki kotohime’ is a dwarf maple with an interesting sculptural vase shape and leaves held close to the branches for a bonsai-like effect. The leaves appear in spring in shades of pink and orange with some variegated spots. The summer color is bright green, then autumn brings fiery shades of gold, orange and red. By the age of 10, Goshiki Kotohime can reach 5 to 6 feet in height and 3 feet in width. It is robust to USDA Zone 6.

Acer palmatum ‘Goshiki kotohime’

Acer palmatum ‘Koto no ito’ is a beautiful dwarf maple with finely textured strap leaves. The name means “harp strings” and gives the landscape a delicate softness. In spring, the leaves appear in shades of crimson, which quickly turn to a fresh green for summer and glow with shades of orange and gold in autumn. It can grow to about 7 feet tall and 3 feet wide by the age of 10. Koto no ito is hardy to USDA zone 5 and grows well in full sun to almost full shade.

Acer palmatum Koto-no-ito

Acer palmatum ‘Mikawa yatsubusa’ is an extremely popular Japanese dwarf maple with a stunning, naturally sculptural shape. Its leaves are held in layers, giving it an incredibly dense appearance with a choice of leaf sizes and colors. The new growth will show colors of yellow and green, with the older growth turning a nice deep green. In the fall, the display is gold to scarlet. Mikawa Yatsubusa creates a stunning focal point in the landscape. By age 10, you can expect to be 5 feet tall and 4 feet wide. It is hardy to USDA zone 5 and grows well in full sun to partial shade.

Acer palmatum ‘Mikawa yatsubusa’

Acer palmatum ‘Tattoo’ is a really tiny Japanese maple. Tattoo has similar characteristics to Mikawa yatsubusa in terms of leaf shape and color, but is much more compact than the already dwarf Mikawa. It has showy pink flowers in spring that attract honey bees and develop into red samaras later in the season. This Japanese maple is well suited for bonsai and for growing in containers and small gardens. By the age of 10 it can grow to be 2-4′ tall. It is robust to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Tattoo’

Acer circinatum ‘Baby Buttons’ is the cutest vine maple you’ve ever seen! With leaves the size of your fingertip and a petite stature (just 2 feet tall and 2 feet wide by age 10), you can preserve the beauty of the Pacific vine maple on a small scale in your garden or in a container. The orange-red fall color is stunning. It grows well in full sun or partial shade and is hardy to USDA zone 5.

Acer circinatum ‘Baby Buttons’

Acer japonicum ‘Fairy Lights’ is a dwarf maple with lacy leaves and stunning fall colour. The leaves are very deeply lobed, giving it a delicate appearance. It is a fresh green color in spring and summer, but turns bright yellow, orange and red tones in autumn. The growth rate is slow, only reaching about 4 feet or less by age 10. Fairy Lights does well in full sun to part shade and is hardy to USDA Zone 5.

Acer japonicum ‘Fairy Lights’

Acer japonicum ‘Gossamer’ has an unusually delicate leaf shape for an Acer japonicum, leading some to believe it is likely a hybrid with Acer palmatum. Regardless of their lineage, Gossamer has beautiful lacy green summer color foliage and a fantastic fall display in a variety of colors. It slowly grows into a narrow vase shape, reaching about 8 feet in height and 3 feet in width by the age of 10 years. It is hardy to USDA zone 5 and does well in full sun to part shade.

Acer japonicum ‘Gossamer’

RED, PURPLE AND BURGUNDY DWARF MAPLE

Acer palmatum ‘Baby Lace’ has finely textured leaves that appear reddish-orange in spring and turn bronze-green with purple edges in summer. Fall colors range from orange to red. This maple is slow growing and spreading, reaching about 1 foot in height and 4 feet in width by the age of 10 years. It’s hardy to USDA zone 6 but sensitive to wind, so make sure you plant it in a sheltered area.

Acer palmatum ‘Baby Lace’

Acer palmatum ‘Kurenai jishi’ is one of the most desirable Japanese dwarf maples on the market. She grows in a compact form similar to the famous Shishigashira but has a beautiful deep red color! In spring the leaves are bright scarlet, deepening to a burgundy purple in summer, with an orange display in fall. By the age of 10, it will only reach about 4 feet in height and 3 feet in width, making it a perfect choice for small spaces and containers. His name means “red lion”. Kurenai jishi is hardy to USDA zone 5 and grows in full sun to part shade.

Acer palmatum ‘Kurenai jishi’

Acer palmatum ‘Orion’ has some truly stunning spring colors, with new growth emerging bright crimson. In summer, the colors deepen into orange, red and copper-green tones. In autumn, this dainty top leaf maple glows orange. It only grows 3-6 inches per year, reaching about 5 feet in height and 4 feet in width by the age of 10 years. It grows well in full sun to partial shade and is hardy to USDA zone 6.

Acer palmatum ‘Orion’

Acer palmatum ‘Pung kil’ is a strapleaf maple with bright red leaves for a unique texture. It retains its red color throughout summer, turning a bright crimson in fall. Pung kil, named after a gentleman in South Korea where this strain was discovered, has a beautiful habit, taller than wide, making it excellent for small spaces. By the age of 10, you can expect a bushy tree that is 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide. It is hardy to USDA zone 5 and grows well in full sun to partial shade. Foliage can be slightly greener when planted in more shade.

Acer palmatum ‘Pung kil’

Acer palmatum ‘Rainbow’ has beautiful red and pink variegation on the leaves for a multicolored effect. In fall the color changes to a brilliant red. Be sure to prune any growth that does not exhibit variegation to keep this tree at peak performance. Rainbow is a fairly new strain and a stunning addition to any landscape. It reaches about 8 feet in height and 5 feet in width by 10 years of age and is hardy to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Rainbow’

Acer palmatum ‘Black Lace’ is, as the name suggests, a top leaf with incredibly dark burgundy foliage that lasts through summer better than almost any other deep red maple. Its deep coloring makes for a dramatic focal point in the garden. Pairing with light golden or light green companion plants makes this strain really stand out! By the age of 10, Black Lace can grow to about 7 feet tall and 3 feet wide. It is robust to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Black Tip’

Acer palmatum ‘Rhode Island Red’ is one of our most popular dwarf maples. Its red color deepens over the summer, unlike many red varieties which tend to bleach in the sun. It grows in a naturally rounded shape, making it a perfect miniature tree with purple branches. She is very low maintenance and easy to grow in the garden or in containers. By the age of 10, it can grow up to 6 feet tall and 5 feet wide and is hardy to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Rhode Island Red’

Acer palmatum ‘Shaina’ is like a little bloodgood! The foliage is bright crimson in spring, and this color deepens as summer progresses, turning bright red in fall. The compact habit becomes quite dense as the tree ages, only reaching about 5 feet in height by the age of 10 years. It is believed to have originated as a sport on Bloodgood. Shaina grows well in full sun to part shade and is hardy to USDA zone 6 (do not attempt to grow this in zone 5).

Acer palmatum ‘Shaina’

Multicolored dwarf maples

Acer palmatum ‘Anne Irene’ is a beautiful and hard to find maple with golden leaves edged bright red in spring. In the summer, the red edges fade away, leaving a beautiful yellow throughout the season. Autumn brings a range of golden to maroon colors. It can grow 6-8′ tall in 10 years. Anne Irene prefers partial shade and is hardy to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Anne Irene’

Acer palmatum ‘Beni hime’ is a Japanese dwarf maple with tiny leaves that are only about 0.5 inches across. They are primarily red, backed by some coppery shades of green. In autumn the coloring is bright red. It will grow into a dense, small tree over time, only about 4-6 feet tall in 10 years. For best success and coloring, plant in full sun and make sure the soil has good drainage. Beni Hime is hardy to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Beni hime’

Acer palmatum ‘Lemon Lime Lace’ has a perfect name to describe its looks! Colors range from lemon yellow to lime green on the extremely lacy leaves, with hints of tangerine in sun-kissed sections. This yellow and orange intensifies in autumn. Growing into a loose weeping mound, Lemon Lime Lace forms a graceful and delicate eye-catcher. By the age of 10, this strain will grow to about 2 feet tall and 4 feet wide. It is hardy to USDA zone 5 and grows well in full sun (more gold) to part shade (more greenery).

Acer palmatum ‘Lemon Lime Lace’

Acer palmatum ‘Manyo no sato’ has the most unique coloring you are likely to see on any Japanese maple. Each deeply divided palmate has a deep red center edged with pink, green, or cream (or all of the above). They turn bright orange and red in fall. This tree may not be considered a “true dwarf,” but it matures to a nice, small size compared to many medium-growth Japanese maples. By the age of 10, expect to be around 7 feet tall and 4 feet wide. Manyo no sato roughly means “wonderful place of nature”. It grows in full sun to partial shade and is hardy to USDA zone 5.

Acer palmatum “Manyo no sato”

Acer palmatum ‘Ryugu’ features a stunning green, white and pink coloration with bright red stems providing contrast in summer and bright colors in winter. This maple grows very slowly, forming a shrub shape rather than a tree with a central ladder. It remains very compact and is perfect for small spaces. Ryugu means “dragon palace castle”. It matures to a height of about 4 feet by 10 years of age and is hardy to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Ryugu’

Acer palmatum ‘Tsuma beni’ has one of the most dramatic colorings ever seen on a Japanese maple. In spring the new leaves appear golden with red tips on each lobe. The summer color deepens to green and the red tips fade. In autumn, the leaves turn scarlet. Tsuma beni means “red fingernails” – a fitting name! By the age of 10, this maple can grow up to 8 feet tall and 6 feet wide. It is hardy to USDA zone 5 and tolerates full sun to part shade.

Acer palmatum ‘Tsuma beni’

Acer palmatum ‘Tsuma gaki’ is similar to Tsuma beni with some interesting variations. When tsuma gaki leaves emerge in spring, they are golden yellow with bright orange-red tips, while tsuma beni is greener with burgundy tips. The leaves of Tsuma gaki open intriguingly drooping, eventually opening into flat leaves for summer. The tip color lasts until early summer when the leaves turn greener overall. Fall color is spectacular for this strain, with shades of gold, orange, and red. Tsuma gaki means “varnished fingernails”. By age 10, it will reach a height of about 8 feet and a width of 4 feet, and grows well in full sun to part shade. It is robust to USDA Zone 5.

Acer palmatum ‘Tsuma gaki’

Acer pictum ssp. mono ‘Hoshi yadori’ is a painted maple with breathtaking variegation. It’s a rare variety that makes a big impact in the landscape, with broad leaves studded with a beautiful creamy yellow variegation. By the age of 10, this maple can reach a height of 7 feet tall and 5.5 feet wide with a beautiful, naturally open habit. It tolerates full sun and partial shade and is hardy to USDA zone 6.

Japanese Dwarf Maple Japanese dwarf maples are slow-growing, compact trees that reach about 3 to 8 feet tall, depending on the cultivar. They tend to have small leaves, short internodes, and profuse branching.

Japanese Maple ‘Shirazz’ In spring, ‘Shirazz’ delights with light pink leaves that turn green with creamy pink edges throughout the summer. This Japanese maple is in it for the long haul – it can live 60 years or more!

‘Coonara Pygmy’ Japanese Maple ‘Coonara Pygmy’ features ever-changing leaves that appear pale pink and green in spring. Once summer arrives, the Japanese maple loses its pink hues before turning a bright orange-yellow with splashes of red in fall. This tree requires full sun to part shade.

‘Beni Shidare Tri-Colour’ Japanese Maple ‘Beni Shidare Tri-Colour’ adopts a pendulous form with deeply divided red, green and white leaves that turn orange in autumn. This tree needs partial shade with shelter from the wind to prevent the leaves from burning.

‘Pendulum Julian’ Japanese Maple ‘Pendulum Julian’ has delicate, double-serrated leaves that emerge green with brown highlights in spring. In summer, the leaves turn burgundy before turning a rich red color in fall.

Japanese Maple ‘Viridis’ ‘Viridis’ features light green, lacy foliage that forms an elegant dome shape over time. It’s a beautiful bright orange in fall with golden yellow undertones and crimson reflections, fading into bright green throughout summer. This maple is the strongest of the green Laceleaf maples.

‘Pink Ballerina’ Japanese Maple ‘Pink Ballerina’ is a super rare specimen with pink and red foliage and dissected leaves.

‘Beni Schichihenge’ Japanese Maple ‘Beni Schichihenge’ is a rare specimen, resplendent with multicolored foliage in spring. It features green leaves bordered in pure white with bright pink edges.

Japanese Maple ‘Orangeola’ ‘Orangeola’ is a fast growing Japanese maple that displays stunning orange foliage in spring and fall. In summer, the leaves turn red and green tones.

‘Red Dragon’ Japanese Maple ‘Red Dragon’ has deeply dissected purple leaves that turn bright apple red in fall. Its slow growth habit and size, maturing at 7 to 8 feet, make this tree perfect for containers.

Japanese Maple ‘Chishio’ ‘Chishio’, also known as ‘Chishio Improved’ or ‘Shishio Improved’, emerges in early spring with a mix of bronze and pink foliage, blue-green foliage in summer and orange-red foliage in fall.

‘Deshojo’ Japanese Maple ‘Deshojo’ has salmon red leaves in spring that turn green in summer and orange-scarlet in fall. It is well suited to container living.

‘Shishigashira’ Japanese Maple ‘Shishigashira’ has solid green foliage throughout summer and purple foliage with orange hues in fall. It’s good for containers or small gardens.

‘Crimson Princess’ Japanese Maple ‘Crimson Princess’ has lacy bright red foliage in spring that won’t fade in the summer heat. In autumn the leaves turn orange.

‘Crimson Queen’ Japanese Maple ‘Crimson Queen’ has delicate, drooping foliage and retains its beautiful crimson color throughout summer.

‘Summer Gold’ Japanese Maple ‘Summer Gold’ displays a light green color in spring before, as the name suggests, displaying a beautiful golden yellow color throughout the summer, even in hot weather.

‘Little Princess’ Japanese Maple ‘Little Princess’ has bright, apple-green leaves with red margins in spring that turn yellow in fall. This tree is ideal for small gardens and containers.

Indoor growing comes with several challenges, especially if you are growing a tree. Although Japanese maples can be tall, they can be grown indoors in containers and are often used in bonsai art. Growing Japanese maples indoors means solving the problem of their natural size while still meeting their seasonal needs. Once you’ve accomplished these two feats, you can enjoy Japanese maple trees indoors just as easily as you can outside your home.

Common name Japanese maple bonsai Botanical name Acer palmatum Family Aceraceae Plant type Tree Mature size 60-80 inches tall Sun exposure Partial Soil type Well-drained soil pH Acid hardiness zone 5-8 (USDA) Native range Japan

The Spruce / Evgeniya Vlasova

The Spruce / Evgeniya Vlasova

Aleroy4/Getty Images

Japanese maple bonsai care

Japanese maple bonsai are relatively easy to care for and make excellent bonsai for beginners and professionals alike. They are characterized by a moderate growth rate and can be trained well with regular pruning and wire.

Wiring a Japanese maple bonsai should be done during the summer months while the tree is still in leaf and the wires should not be left on for more than six months at a time.

In general, Japanese maples respond very well to wiring as their branches are flexible and easy to shape. As always, it’s best to take it slow and not overdo the wiring as you don’t want to damage the tree.

light

Japanese maple bonsai do not require as much sunlight as some bonsai specimens. This makes them perfect for gardeners with partially shaded backyards.

They should be protected from the harsh midday rays and thrive best in locations that receive morning and evening sun and dappled sun for the remainder of the day. They especially need shade during the hot summer months when too much sunlight can scorch the leaves.

floor

Japanese maple bonsai require well-drained, nutrient-rich soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5 to thrive.

In general, it is best to use a commercially available bonsai soil mix as this has been specially formulated to support bonsai tree growth.

water

In general, bonsai trees require a significant amount of moisture to survive and Japanese maples are no exception. During the spring and summer months, these trees may need to be watered as often as daily, although they require significantly less water during the fall and winter months. The soil should always be kept evenly moist in spring and summer, but never waterlogged, as this can lead to root rot.

temperature and humidity

As with most bonsai trees, Japanese maple bonsai are best suited for outdoor cultivation and do not grow well indoors.

Though native to Japan, they are adaptable to a variety of climates in North America, Europe, China, and Korea. Although they are hardy trees, they only tolerate short periods of frost and should be protected from harsh winter climates.

fertilizer

Japanese maple bonsai need regular fertilizing to encourage strong and consistent new growth.

Feed Japanese maple bonsai every two weeks during spring and summer with an organic bonsai fertilizer or liquid fertilizer. Switch to a nitrogen-free fertilizer in the fall and reduce fertilizing frequency.

Avoid fertilizing for several weeks after repotting a Japanese maple bonsai to allow the delicate roots to regrow without the risk of shock.

Varieties of Japanese maple for bonsai

There are several varieties of Japanese maple that are suitable for bonsai breeding and training. Below are some of the most common and popular types for bonsai:

Acer palmatum ‘Deshojo’

Acer palmatum ‘Arakawa’

Acer palmatum ‘Seigen’

Acer palmatum ‘Katsura’

Acer palmatum ‘Shishigashira’

clipping

Regular pruning is essential to the aesthetics and health of a bonsai tree. In spring and summer, the new shoots should be cut back regularly to shape the tree and encourage branching. Japanese maple bonsai leaves should also be actively pruned throughout the growing season to keep them small and conform to the shape of the overall tree.

As with most bonsai, any heavy pruning of the main branches or stems should be saved for the late fall to winter months.

Propagation of Japanese Maple Bonsai

Many of the amazing looking Japanese maple bonsai cultivars have been grafted. Taking cuttings from a Japanese maple tree or collecting its seeds for propagation will not produce a tree with the same characteristics as the bonsai tree you are looking for. And even if you’re willing to take your chances with seeds, it takes at least three years for a young seedling to reach the stage where you can shape it. Therefore, propagating your own Japanese maple bonsai is not recommended.

Potting and repotting

In general, like most bonsai, the Japanese maple does not need to be repotted often once it is well established. When the tree reaches 10 years old, repot every three years. However, young trees benefit from annual repotting to freshen up the soil and trim the root ball. Using bonsai pots helps achieve bonsai aesthetics and restricts the growth of the tree over time.

The best time to repot Japanese maple bonsai is in the spring months, just before the buds have opened. This will ensure the tree has adequate time to recover from repotting before going dormant in the fall and winter months.

Japanese maple bonsai root quickly and vigorously and require root pruning at the time of repotting. Cut back up to ⅓ of the roots, starting from the outside in. Avoid hacking large main roots as you don’t want to disrupt the main system.

wintering

If winter temperatures in your area drop to 25 degrees Fahrenheit or below, the tree will need protection from the cold and high winds. Place it outdoors in a sheltered spot. If winter temperatures drop even lower in your area, below 15 degrees Fahrenheit, you’ll also need to insulate the roots, either by burying the pot in garden soil for the winter or by placing another insulating material like bubble wrap or burlap around the pot. When the tree is dormant, it doesn’t need much water; Water it only when the soil dries out.

Common pests and plant diseases

Japanese maple bonsai are susceptible to some common pests and diseases. Regularly checking the tree for signs of infestation is the best way to avoid damage from pests and diseases. Pay particular attention to aphids, Verticillium wilt and powdery mildew.

clipping

Pruning of shoots and branches can be done all year round. Heavy branches should be trimmed in the fall or summer, when calluses are growing rapidly, to prevent excessive bleeding. When pruning thick branches we recommend using a pruning paste product to prevent fungal diseases that can enter through cuts. The maple is particularly susceptible to some fungal infections and diseases. New shoots should be cut back to one or two pairs of leaves. Mature bonsai with delicate branching can be pinched to keep the branches thin. After the first pair of leaves unfurl, remove the soft shoot tip in between to prevent thickening of the branches. This method weakens the tree in the long term and should be used in a targeted and well-considered manner.

Leaf pruning is the removal of all leaves during the growing season to encourage a second and often more subtle spurt of growth. It should not be done every year as it puts quite a lot of stress on the tree. When pruning, remove all leaves, but be careful to keep the petioles intact. Partial leaf pruning is a gentler and less stressful pruning method, so it can be done every year. As the name suggests, partial pruning doesn’t require you to remove all of the leaves. Remove the largest leaves, leaves that are close together, or the leaves in the strongest areas of the tree. Read on about pruning bonsai trees.

frequently asked Questions

Do all Japanese maples have to grow in the shade?

How often should I water my Japanese maple?

Should I fertilize my new Japanese maple to give it a good start?

When is the Best Time to Plant Japanese Maples?

Do all Japanese maples lose their leaves?

What is a Japanese dwarf maple?

What is the most common cause of mistakes when growing Japanese maples?

Do all Japanese maples have to grow in the shade?

No! Many Acer palmatum cultivars are very happy in a sunny position. These include the red dissectums (or lace leaf maples) as well as trees with broader, palmate lobes. In fact, the red-leaved trees need a few hours of sunlight to get their red color. The Sculpture Gardens in Wildwood feature many maple trees growing in full sun. Summer temperatures over 100 degrees.

We’ve found that Japanese maples with green top leaves prefer partial shade in the afternoon. Varieties of Acer shirasawanum and Acer japonicum also appreciate filtered sun.

Note: A young tree planted in full sun will struggle and may not survive. If you want to start the tree in full sun, we recommend choosing a specimen that is at least 6 or 7 years old.

How often should I water my Japanese maple?

Roots of these trees must remain evenly moist; and roots are not deep. Establish a regular watering routine. The frequency of watering depends on the temperature and how well your soil holds moisture. Mulching is of course very helpful. It can keep the roots a little warmer in the winter and much cooler in the summer. In summer it is preferable that the leaves are dry when the sun reaches them.

Should I fertilize my new Japanese maple to give it a good start?

no Thorough watering is the greatest help you can give your newly planted maple. Also, maples are NOT heavy feeders. If the tree is planted in the landscape, it does not need fertilizer every year. Container grown trees will benefit from a mild fertilizer application or two in the spring when all risks of frost have passed.

When is the Best Time to Plant Japanese Maples?

Any time! As long as you can be sure the tree is getting proper watering, you can plant a container maple tree any month of the year (all of our trees are container grown).

Do all Japanese maples lose their leaves?

Yes! Japanese maples are deciduous trees. Maples put on a beautiful fall color show in October and November. Then, in late November or December, the leaves fall. Buds begin to swell in February and March brings fresh new leaves – in colors some say rival the fall show.

What is a Japanese dwarf maple?

In winter, maple branches are clearly visible without the (albeit nice) distraction of leaves. The branching structure largely defines the Dwarf Maple category.

At Wildwood Nursery we grow 60-70 maples (Acer palmatum or Acer p. cultivars) that remain compact and small. At 12 years, some grow to only about 4 feet (e.g., Acer p. corallinum, Tama hime, or Yuri hime). Others, like Koto no ito, Olsen’s Frosted Strawberry, or Shidava Gold, reach 8-9 feet in 12 years.

There is some confusion among gardeners and garden enthusiasts when we use the term “dwarf”. For comparison, let’s look at maples in the `dissectum’ category. Though not actually dwarf trees, their branches arch outward and downward. See the picture of Acer p. Orangeola with its branches weeping. Their structure is often compared to an umbrella; and they grow wider than they are tall.

What is the most common cause of mistakes when growing Japanese maples?

Poor drainage. When surveying customers whose maple trees did not sprout in the spring, we found that the soil around the roots was very wet and muddy. Plant your tree in well-aerated soil and you will find that these trees are easy to grow.

Japanese maples

Japanese Maples, also known as Lace Leaf, are among the most attractive and valuable trees in any garden. So if you’re lucky enough to have one on your property, you want to treat it right. During the winter months, when the leaves fall and the subtle shape of a Japanese maple trunk emerges, it can be tempting to pull out the clippers and get to work. These trees are among the most difficult and complicated to prune. It takes the skills and talent of a tree trimming service in Portland, OR to work with these trees and shape, define and enhance their inherently beautiful nature. For this reason, we recommend leaving such fine tree care to professional Portland arborists.

It has been said that circumcision is a science and an art. Pruning is a science because it involves knowledge of plant biology and botany. It’s an art because it’s about understanding aesthetic beauty. An arborist or gardener must understand both aspects in order to be successful in their work. Pruning Japanese maples is no exception. Because of the complex nature of their branching patterns and their position of great value in the landscape, Japanese maples require expert pruning by the most experienced arborists in Portland, Oregon. In this post, our leading arborists discuss why and when Japanese maples should be pruned. We also examine some of the nuances of aesthetic pruning necessary to properly care for these elegant trees.

Nothing adds a little panache to a landscape like a beautiful Japanese dwarf maple.

The tree’s compact habit, combined with its crooked, wide-spreading branches, provides great interest, even in the dead of winter when the leaves are long gone. And it only gets better when its fine, airy foliage comes alive in spring, summer, and fall!

Dwarf maples add beauty and interest to the landscape, even during their winter dormancy.

Best of all, these beautiful mini trees, with their slow growth and small size, fit into many gardens where tall trees are simply not an option. And with cultivars that come in shades of red, purple, and green, there’s a tree to suit almost any outdoor space.

Growing dwarf Japanese maple trees

Choosing the right variety

When it comes to Japanese maples, there are a few dwarf options to choose from. In fact, you can find strains that grow from a few feet tall to 8 feet or more. Many grow as wide as they are tall, spreading between 4 and 8 feet when fully mature.

The Aratama variety is a great choice for adding fiery red foliage to your outdoor space.

From deep red cultivars like Aratama Dwarf Japanese to Weeping Green Laceleaf, choosing the right tree really comes down to finding a color, size, and branch style that best suits your landscape.

When choosing your tree, it’s important to first make sure it’s compatible with your growing zone. Most dwarf strains do well in growing zones 5 through 9, although there are some options that can survive colder winters.

How to plant for success

Long-term success depends on choosing a safe, sheltered site with the right soil conditions.

First, let’s cover the topic of location. Almost all species of Japanese dwarf maple trees do best in partial to full sun. At a minimum, make sure the trees get at least 5 to 6 hours of light each day.

Placing your tree in a location with natural protection from harsh winds is a key to success.

But even more important is choosing a site that is sheltered from strong winds and cold. Trees hidden around a home, outdoor structure, or even other trees have a much better chance of long-term survival.

Planting & changing the soil

Japanese dwarf maples struggle with soil that is too wet or too hard. You need soil with good drainage properties to keep excess moisture to a minimum. Adjusting the planting hole with a 50/50 mixture of compost and soil will help tremendously with drainage.

Providing compost at planting time will help ensure the tree’s roots are well drained.

Dig the planting hole to 1.5 times the depth and 2 times the circumference of the root ball. Plant the crown as grown in the pot with soil and fill in with the 50/50 mix.

long-term care

Japanese maple trees require little long-term care once properly planted. They are fairly drought tolerant and once established will rarely need watering unless conditions are extremely hot and dry for an extended period of time.

Long-term management really boils down to a little fertilizing and pruning each year.

With proper pruning, many species of Japanese dwarf maple trees can be grown in containers.

Light pruning helps keep the growth and size of the trees in check. Pruning should be done in late winter/early spring when the tree is dormant. Also, fertilize each spring with a balanced fertilization of 10-10-10 to provide ample nutrients for continued root growth.

For more information on planting trees, see the Trees and Shrubs tab on the site.

This Is My Garden is a website dedicated to spreading the love and knowledge of gardening around the world. We release two new gardening articles every week. This article may contain affiliate links.

Just one look at the elegant shape and foliage of Japanese maples will have you hooked. This maple species grows smaller than other species and has more delicate, lacy foliage in a wide range of colors. Here are some favorite varieties, including Japanese dwarf maple, that boast a display of vibrant leaf color.

01 of 18 Dissectum Atropurpureum Peter Krumhardt A classic Japanese maple, ‘Dissectum Atropurpureum’ bears deeply dissected, pinnate, reddish-purple leaves that turn crimson in fall. In addition, it has graceful, drooping branches. Choose this cultivar if you are looking for a short statured, red-trimmed variety of Japanese maple. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Dissectum Atropurpureum’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 8 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-8 Buy: Atropurpureum Dissectum Dry Seed ($32, Etsy)

02 of 18 Coonara Pygmy Peter Krumhardt The dwarf fantasy maple ‘Coonara Pygmy’ shows its pink leaves in spring. The pink fades in summer, but the leaves turn a bright orange-red in fall. Because of its small size, this maple is a tree you can grow in containers or small spaces. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Coonara Pygmy’ Growing Conditions: Partial shade in moist, well-drained soil Size: 8 feet tall and wide Zones: 6-8 Buy: Coonara Pygmy Dwarf Japanese Maple ($50, Kigi Nursery)

03 of 18 Green Cascade Peter Krumhardt Japanese Maple ‘Green Cascade’ features glossy, finely cut green foliage and also has a delicate pendulous habit. When not staked, it forms a flowing pile of leaves. In autumn, its leaves turn red and orange tones. Name: Acer japonicum ‘Green Cascade’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in average moist, well-drained soil Size: Up to 20 feet tall and 25 feet wide Zones: 5-7 Buy: Green Cascade Japanese Maple ($124, Etsy)

04 of 18 Golden Full Moon Maple Peter Krumhardt An exceptionally beautiful tree, Golden Full Moon Maple that displays bright yellow leaves throughout summer. If you’re planting for fall color try ‘Aureum’; its leaf tips develop red edges while its leaf center remains golden. Name: Acer shirasawanum ‘Aureum’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moderately moist, well-drained soil Size: 20 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-7 Buy: Japanese Full Moon Maple ($5, Etsy)

05 of 18 Autumn Moon Peter Krumhardt Like the golden full moon maple, ‘Autumn Moon’ has bright yellow leaves. But in this variety, the leaves are decidedly pink tones. In autumn, the leaves put on a show of shades of red, orange, and yellow. Name: Acer shirasawanum ‘Autumn Moon’ Growing Conditions: Partial shade in moist, well-drained soil Size: 25 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-7 Buy: Autumn Moon Japanese Maple ($87, Garden Centerpoint)

06 of 18 Hogyoku Peter Krumhardt A proven selection, ‘Hogyoku’ is a medium-sized Japanese maple tree with green leaves that turn bright orange in autumn. It has a sturdy trunk and branches and tolerates heat better than many other varieties. ‘Hogyoku’ is a good choice if you live in a climate with hot summers. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Hogyoku’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 18 feet tall and 15 feet wide Zones: 5-9 Buy: Japanese Maple Seeds ‘Hogyoku’ ($4, Walmart)

07 of 18 Beni Kawa Peter Krumhardt ‘Beni Kawa’ is a tree for all seasons and has small green leaves that turn golden yellow in autumn. In winter it shines especially with its bright red stems. This Japanese maple looks stunning against a snowy backdrop, so plant this tree to create eye-catching winter interest. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Beni Kawa’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 15 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-9 Buy: Beni Kawa Maple ($40, Amazon)

08 of 18 Higasayama Peter Krumhardt A favorite for bonsai, ‘Higasayama’ features pink buds that open into cream, green and fuchsia leaves. As the season progresses, the leaves of this Japanese dwarf maple turn green, turning to brilliant golds and yellows in the fall. If you’re a fan of variegated foliage, this is the tree for you. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Higasayama’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 20 feet tall and 15 feet wide Zones: 5-9 Buy: Higasayama Japanese Maple ($40, Amazon)

09 of 18 Emperor 1 Peter Krumhardt Loved for its deep purple-red foliage, Emperor 1 is a good choice for northern gardens. Its leaves open a little later than most other trees, which helps it avoid potential damage from late spring frosts. This Japanese maple tree also offers a brilliant scarlet fall color. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Wolff’ Emperor I Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 15 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-9 Buy: Emperor One Japanese Maple Trees ($130, garden goods direct )

10 of 18 Coral Bark Maple Marty Baldwin ‘Sango-kaku’ (commonly referred to as Coral Bark Maple) is a handsome Japanese maple tree with year-round attractiveness. It has green leaves that turn bright yellow in autumn. After the leaves have fallen, the tree’s bark takes center stage with its bright coral red colour. This colorful maple tree is a sure-fire way to add winter interest to your landscape. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Sango-kaku’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 25 feet tall and 20 feet wide Zones: 5-8 Buy: Coral Bark Maple ($40, Amazon)

11 of 18 Suminagashi Mary Carolyn Pindar A fast-growing strain, ‘Suminagashi’ can gain a foot in height each year during its first decade. It features deeply cut leaves and rich, crimson foliage that looks great throughout spring and summer. In autumn, the graceful leaves turn a bright crimson. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Suminagashi’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: 15 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-9 Buy: Suminagashi Dry Seeds (From $31, Etsy)

12 of 18 Bloodgood Peter Krumhardt One of the most popular Japanese maples, ‘Bloodgood’ features deeply cut, crimson leaves that retain their color all summer. In autumn the tree develops a striking crimson colour. This is for you if you are looking for a tried and true tree. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Bloodgood’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 20 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-8 Buy: Japanese Bloodgood Red Maple Tree ($62, The Home Depot)

13 of 18 Villa Taranto Peter Krumhardt ‘Villa Taranto’ is characterized by deeply incised, spider-like leaves. The foliage of this Japanese maple variety appears pink in spring and then fades to light green in summer. In autumn, the foliage of this compact tree changes color again, this time a beautiful golden yellow. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Villa Taranto’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 10 feet tall and 7 feet wide Zones: 5-8 Buy: Villa Taranto Dry Seeds ( from $25, Etsy )

14 of 18 Crimson Queen JANET MESIC-MACKIE A ​​stunning Japanese Maple cultivar, ‘Crimson Queen’ features drooping branches with beautiful reddish-purple foliage. In autumn, the finely cut leaves turn bright crimson. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Crimson Queen’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, slightly acidic, well-drained soil Size: Up to 10 feet tall and 12 feet wide Zones: 5-8 Buy: Crimson Queen Dry Seeds ($134, Etsy)

15 of 18 Beni Schichihenge JANET MESIC-MACKIE A ​​smaller Japanese maple tree cultivar, ‘Beni Schichihenge’ offers blue-green leaves in shades of pink and cream. In autumn, the leaves turn exciting shades of orange and gold. It also tends to resist leaf burn from hot, dry weather better than many other cultivars. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Beni Schichihenge’ Growing Conditions: Partial shade and moist, well-drained soil Size: 8 feet tall and wide Zones: 6-9 Buy: Beni Schichihenge Japanese Maple ($50, Amazon)

16 of 18 Aconitifolium Mary Carolyn Pindar One of the loveliest Japanese maples, ‘Aconitifolium’ offers deeply cut, fern-like green foliage that turns to shades of red, orange and yellow in fall. Also known as “Maiku Jaku,” this tree transforms the beautiful texture you’ve come to expect from most Japanese maples. Name: Acer japonicum ‘Aconitifolium’ Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade in moist, well-drained soil Size: Up to 10 feet tall and wide Zones: 5-7 Buy: ‘Aconitifolium’ Fern Leaf Maple ($50, Kigi Nursery)

17 of 18 Caperci Dwarf Susan Roth A small, slow-growing Japanese maple tree, ‘Caperci Dwarf’ offers pink-hued new growth that turns green as the season progresses. In the fall, the green leaves turn a warm, glowing gold. This is a perfect tree for small spaces and containers. Name: Acer palmatum ‘Caperci Dwarf’ Growing Conditions: Partial shade in moist, well-drained soil Size: Up to 6 feet tall and 10 feet wide Zones: 6-8 Buy: Caperci Dwarf Japanese Maple ($40, Amazon)

5. Japanese maples grown in pots in the coldest recommended growing zone may need winter protection by placing them in an unheated garage or shed. Plants in containers don’t have the root protection that plants in the ground have, so they’re not as hardy. Example: If your tree is recommended for zones 5 through 9, it’s more likely to be 6 through 9 when grown outdoors in a pot.

You have had Japanese maples for a long time without any problems. This summer you suddenly find brown leaves on your specimen. you wonder why Below is a closer look at the problem, including causes, symptoms, and some possible workarounds.

Causes of brown leaves

Japanese maples are often undergrowth trees in their natural habitats. Excessive sun exposure can cause brown leaves, a phenomenon also known as “leaf scorch.” A hot summer can leave brown leaves on even established specimens that get too much sun exposure, especially when other debilitating factors are present .

Such factors include:

Lack of water Too much fertilizer Physical damage to the root system – whether caused by pests, heavy traffic or digging. exposure to winds

Any of these factors can stress the plant and make it susceptible to sun damage in a hot summer.

In terms of symptoms, it really depends on the severity of the situation – in other words, it’s a matter of degree. The leaves remain on their branches and only a few will turn brown (typically in the upper branches) – and only on the margins (edges) – in the lightest cases. At the other end of the spectrum, the degree of browning is greater on each leaf, it occurs on all (or almost all) leaves, and the leaves become brittle and eventually fall off.

Control leaf burn

First of all, don’t panic. It may frighten you to see your beloved specimen shed its leaves after a hot summer drought and is now standing bare, but don’t take this as a sign that it’s dead. Rather, it is just a defense mechanism. The fact is, your plant has secondary buds that produce a second set of leaves. The last thing you want to do in your panic is reach for your fertilizer spray tank like it’s a magic wand that cures all ailments.

To prevent your Japanese maple trees from turning brown leaves, take the following control measures:

Set them up to get some shade (especially during the hottest afternoon heat). Be sure to water them adequately during dry periods. Less frequent deep watering is better than more frequent shallow watering. Your goal is to have the soil evenly moist and not soggy (i.e. not over watering). Rather than trying to come up with a foolproof watering schedule (there’s no such thing—at least not in all climates), make a habit of checking your soil between waterings to make sure it’s not drying out. Follow directions carefully when using chemical fertilizers. In general, late winter or early spring (using a slow release fertilizer) is the right time to fertilize Japanese maples. If you don’t want to worry about the accuracy of your fertilization schedule, simply use compost, which will never harm a plant and can be applied at any time. Spread mulch around the plant (but apply the mulch the right way around your tree) to protect the root system. Choose a sheltered spot when planting a Japanese maple so it won’t be exposed to strong winds.

While it’s a good idea to follow all of these control tips, be aware that doing so in no way guarantees that your plant will not experience leaf browning. If you find that your Japanese maple tree is still turning brown leaves in the summer, no matter how careful you get it right, you may want to experiment with cultivars that are known to bring helpful properties to the table. For example, ‘Crimson Queen’ and ‘Bloodgood’ are generally considered relatively sun tolerant.

A truly versatile plant for any garden is the Japanese dwarf maple. They grow well in the garden itself and also do well in container cultivation. They come in different varieties and foliage colors. The final size depends on how they are grafted or the variety.

These low growing trees have beautiful foliage from spring through the end of summer and then the fantastic color change that fall brings adds more impact as the cooler weather sets in.

Size varies by variety and grafting height, generally from about 1m to 2m.

All cultivars have attractive foliage in spring and summer, some green and others ranging to red and purple. The type of leaves also differs depending on the variety.

Although most cultivars have a weeping or cascading habit, some are erect while others form an almost spherical shape. They make excellent plants for most garden styles and grow well in containers.

sorts

Acer palmatum dissectum ‘Crimson Queen’

A superb form with finely dissected foliage. As the name suggests, the foliage is a beautiful purplish red in spring and summer, taking on redder tones in the fall when the cool weather sets in.

A superb form with finely dissected foliage. As the name suggests, the foliage is a beautiful purplish red in spring and summer, taking on redder tones in fall when the cool weather sets in. Acer palmatum ‘Baby Lace’

Red and green finely dissected foliage, followed by red and orange in fall.

Red and green finely dissected foliage, followed by red and orange in fall. Acer palmatum ‘Coonara Pygmy’

Green, five-lobed foliage, deeply dissected, turning bright orange to red in fall. This variety reached a height of about 2 m.

Green, five-lobed foliage, deeply dissected, turning bright orange to red in fall. This variety reached a height of about 2 m. Acer japonicum ‘Fairy Lights’

Very finely cut leaves, slow growing but with bright scarlet fall foliage.

Very finely cut leaves, slow growing but with bright scarlet fall foliage. Acer palmatun ‘Skeeters Dwarf’

An unusual upright habit. Burgundy foliage.

An unusual upright habit. Burgundy foliage. Acer palmatum ‘Hanama Nishiki’

Very small foliage on an upright dwarf shrub.

Very small foliage on an upright dwarf shrub. Acer cirinatum ‘Little Gem’

An unusual form of the vine maple. Green foliage in a densely rounded shrub to about 1 m tall.

clipping

In general, dwarf maples are believed to require no pruning other than removing dead or damaged stems. This is true for the first few years, and then they will benefit from pruning.

In addition to removing deadwood, it’s best to also remove some of the crossing branches and “open” the tree up a bit. This allows light to enter the tree, which prevents disease and deadwood. It also keeps the tree from looking like a clump of leaves, giving it a structure that looks good all season long and looks good in the winter too.

Sometimes they are trained to grow at an angle, especially in Japanese-style gardens. This gives them a windswept look.

The actual height is not determined by pruning, it is determined by the height of the graft, some are grafted to 1m, some to 2m and others to 3m.

Care

Full sun to part shade – protection from hot afternoon sun but no deep shade.

Humus rich, moist but well-drained soil

Water new plants with a liquid algae fertilizer

Slow release general purpose fertilizer in late winter to early spring once new growth begins

When growing in pots in the summer, make sure there is enough water

resources

There are many Acer maples that are suitable for small spaces and small lots, as well as even smaller ornamental maples that do well in perennial gardens or as accent plants.

Small ornamental trees benefit from spring fertilization. Use a slow release granular fertilizer with equal parts NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium). Sprinkle around the root zone in spring according to directions.

Acer griseum paperbark maple

Acer palmatum Beni Kawa is a Japanese maple very similar to the popular Sango kaku. Beni-Kawa has a very beautiful salmon red bark, green leaves in summer and a bright fall color. Beni kawa appears to be a slightly deeper or richer red color than the coral bark maple. Beni Kawa grows a little slower than coral bark and has an upright, vase-shaped habit. Will grow to around 10′. Hardy but does best in hot climates with morning sun and afternoon shade.

Nothing adds a little panache to a landscape like a beautiful Japanese dwarf maple.

The tree’s compact habit, combined with its crooked, wide-spreading branches, provides great interest, even in the dead of winter when the leaves are long gone. And it only gets better when its fine, airy foliage comes alive in spring, summer, and fall!

Dwarf maples add beauty and interest to the landscape, even during their winter dormancy.

Best of all, these beautiful mini trees, with their slow growth and small size, fit into many gardens where tall trees are simply not an option. And with cultivars that come in shades of red, purple, and green, there’s a tree to suit almost any outdoor space.

Growing dwarf Japanese maple trees

Choosing the right variety

When it comes to Japanese maples, there are a few dwarf options to choose from. In fact, you can find strains that grow from a few feet tall to 8 feet or more. Many grow as wide as they are tall, spreading between 4 and 8 feet when fully mature.

The Aratama variety is a great choice for adding fiery red foliage to your outdoor space.

From deep red cultivars like Aratama Dwarf Japanese to Weeping Green Laceleaf, choosing the right tree really comes down to finding a color, size, and branch style that best suits your landscape.

When choosing your tree, it’s important to first make sure it’s compatible with your growing zone. Most dwarf strains do well in growing zones 5 through 9, although there are some options that can survive colder winters.

How to plant for success

Long-term success depends on choosing a safe, sheltered site with the right soil conditions.

First, let’s cover the topic of location. Almost all species of Japanese dwarf maple trees do best in partial to full sun. At a minimum, make sure the trees get at least 5 to 6 hours of light each day.

Placing your tree in a location with natural protection from harsh winds is a key to success.

But even more important is choosing a site that is sheltered from strong winds and cold. Trees hidden around a home, outdoor structure, or even other trees have a much better chance of long-term survival.

Planting & changing the soil

Japanese dwarf maples struggle with soil that is too wet or too hard. You need soil with good drainage properties to keep excess moisture to a minimum. Adjusting the planting hole with a 50/50 mixture of compost and soil will help tremendously with drainage.

Providing compost at planting time will help ensure the tree’s roots are well drained.

Dig the planting hole to 1.5 times the depth and 2 times the circumference of the root ball. Plant the crown as grown in the pot with soil and fill in with the 50/50 mix.

long-term care

Japanese maple trees require little long-term care once properly planted. They are fairly drought tolerant and once established will rarely need watering unless conditions are extremely hot and dry for an extended period of time.

Long-term management really boils down to a little fertilizing and pruning each year.

With proper pruning, many species of Japanese dwarf maple trees can be grown in containers.

Light pruning helps keep the growth and size of the trees in check. Pruning should be done in late winter/early spring when the tree is dormant. Also, fertilize each spring with a balanced fertilization of 10-10-10 to provide ample nutrients for continued root growth.

For more information on planting trees, see the Trees and Shrubs tab on the site.

This Is My Garden is a website dedicated to spreading the love and knowledge of gardening around the world. We release two new gardening articles every week. This article may contain affiliate links.