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Table of Contents
What are the rules of English 8-ball?
Once either player pots a ball, they remain on that colour and the same player gets another shot. When that player misses, the other player takes a turn and this continues until one player clears all their balls and the eight-ball. The eight-ball must be the last ball potted to win the game.
Is there a 3 foul rule in 8-ball?
The opponent legally pockets the 8-ball. IMPORTANT: This rule is not utilized in amateur league play. If a shooter commits a foul three times in a row without making an intervening legal shot, the result is a loss of game. The three consecutive fouls must occur in the same game.
What are the basic rules of pool?
- The ball must be pocketed »cleanly. « No other ball may be touched on the way into the pocket.
- The cue ball must always hit the object ball to be pocketed first. …
- The cue ball must hit the object ball before it hits a rail. …
- The cue ball may only touch the object ball once on its way into the pocket.
After a foul, the other player always has the ball in hand and can place the cue ball anywhere on the table for their next shot. The only exception is the break. If the player commits a foul here, the other player may only move the cue ball inside the kitchen and may only play balls that are outside the kitchen first.
After the half-time shot, the person authorized to take over the position is basically free to choose which group he or she would like to take over. Even if only “stripes” are holed on the break, the player can choose the “solids” if he thinks they are better. The groups are only finally assigned when the player has pocketed a ball in accordance with the rules. As long as the groups have not yet been assigned, “mixed” combinations can also be played, e.g. a “solid” may be played first and a called “stripe” may be pocketed in a called pocket. The eight must never be played first.
If both the cue ball and the black eight are pocketed, the opponent decides whether to play again or take over the position with the black ball rediscovered. In this case, he then has “ball in hand” from the kitchen.
If the black eight is pocketed at the break, the player who has the next shot can decide whether to do it
If no four balls touch a lane, the break is illegal. The player who did not break then has a choice
During the break, the cue ball can be placed anywhere in the kitchen. No specific ball may be hit first and no ball called. If a ball is pocketed during the break, the break is automatically valid and the breaker remains at the table. If no ball is holed, at least four object balls must strike one or more rails after the cue ball first makes contact with the rack for the break to be valid. If this is fulfilled, the shot changes and the other player takes over.
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The object of the game is to pot all the balls in your group and then the black eight. The pocket for the eight must be announced, but can be re-selected on each attempt. According to official WPA (World Pool Association) rules, the eight does not have to be played into the same or opposite pocket as the ball last potted. However, such rule variations are quite possible and common.
8-Ball is a called shot game. So in order to pot a ball correctly and continue playing, you must first call out which ball is to be sunk into which pocket. Combinations are generally permitted. A player must always hit a ball in his group first in order to make a correct shot. There is no need to make a call for obvious shots.
8-Ball is the most popular and widely used game variant in billiards. The game is played with all 15 object balls, which are divided into the groups “solid” (1-7) and “striped” balls (9-15) and the black eight. The first regular holed ball after the break decides which player plays which group.
9-Ball is the classic among the rotation games, i.e. the games in which the balls have to be hit and pocketed in ascending order. In order to make a correct shot, the object ball with the lowest number of balls remaining on the table must always be hit first. When this is met and an object ball is pocketed, it is the player’s turn.
goal of the game
The winner of a 9 ball game is the player who sinks the 9 with a correct shot. It doesn’t matter whether it’s the last object ball to fall with a normal shot, a valid combination over another ball, or purely by accident, as long as the rules for a correct shot are met. Also sinking the 9 at the kick-off automatically leads directly to winning the game if the kick-off was executed correctly. In addition, a game can be won if the opponent commits a foul in three consecutive shots (see three foul rule).
How to line up the balls
The balls 1-9 are arranged in a rhombus
One comes forward
Nine goes in the middle
The remaining balls are placed randomly
In the standard variant, one is placed at the base. Depending on the tournament order, the nines can also be placed on the foot point, especially in professional play, and the rack can thus be set up higher.
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break shot
At kick-off, the cue ball may be placed anywhere in the head area. The one in front must be hit first or it is a foul.
If an object ball is pocketed during the break, the break is automatically valid and the player taking the break stays at the table. If no ball is holed, at least four object balls must strike one or more rails after the cue ball first makes contact with the rack for the break to be valid. When this is met, the shot changes and the other player takes over how it lies.
If no four balls touch a lane, the break is illegal. The player who did not shoot then has a choice
to accept the picture as it is anyway
Have the other player shoot again
shoot yourself
Kitchen rule (3-point rule)
In addition to the standard rules, many 9-ball events use the kitchen rule or the 3-point rule. Thereafter, at least three object balls must travel back into or through the kitchen after the break for a correct break to occur. It is enough if the head string is touched, the ball does not have to cross it completely. Potted balls are automatically deducted from the 3-point rule. So if a ball is sunk, only two have to go to the kitchen. If two balls are pocketed, only one has to go to the kitchen. If three or more balls are potted, the kitchen rule is automatically fulfilled. All other combinations mean an “illegal break”. If such an illegal break occurs, the player taking over can decide whether to take over the situation or let the player who caused the illegal break play on. If the player takes over, a correct shot must be taken on the lowest remaining ball on the table. If the shot is played back, the person who caused the illegal kick-off may continue the game with a push-out.
On the first shot after the break, the eligible player is allowed to play a push-out. This option is useful when a correct shot at the lowest ball is not possible or difficult. A push-out is a free kick, so to speak, to which no rules apply. The cue ball just has to stay on the table, otherwise it’s a foul. However, no rail needs to be touched and no object ball needs to be touched. The game ball can be pushed a few centimeters forwards or backwards. After the push-out, the other player decides whether to take the newly created position or return play to the player who pushed out. It is therefore advisable not to leave the opponent with a situation that is neither too easy nor too difficult, as otherwise you usually have to continue playing yourself.
A push-out must be clearly promised to the opponent before it is executed.
foul shots
A foul occurs when
The game ball is put in a pocket
the cue ball does not touch any other ball
the cue ball or an object ball bounces off the table
a ball other than the lowest ball on the table is touched first
After the first contact of the cue ball with an object ball, no ball touches at least one lane or is pocketed
The cue ball is touched several times during the shot (push shot foul)
touches a ball or balls with a cue stick, body, clothing or otherwise
a throw occurs while at least one ball is still moving on the table
At least one foot of the player does not touch the ground during the shot
Three Foul Rule
If a player commits a foul in three consecutive shots, he loses the game. It is important that before a possible third foul he is clearly warned by his opponent (or by the referee) that he has already committed two consecutive fouls and that if he committed another foul the game would be lost. If this warning is not given, the third foul has only the normal consequences of a normal foul.
10-Ball is an evolution of 9-Ball and, in contrast, a called shot game. In principle, the player must announce before each shot which ball is to be sunk into which pocket. No call is required for obvious shots.
The game is played with balls from 1 to 10. In order to make a correct shot, the object ball with the lowest number of balls remaining on the table must always be played first. When this is satisfied and the called object ball is pocketed in the called pocket, it is the player’s turn.
goal of the game
The winner of a 10-ball game is the player who sinks the last ball on the table – the 10 – into the called pocket with a correct shot. In addition, a game can be won if the opponent commits a foul in three consecutive shots (see three foul rule).
Pocket ball 10 early
If ball 10 is pocketed while other balls are still on the table, it will be spotted again. Before the next shot, the ball is placed on the foot spot. If this is blocked by other balls, the 10-ball is placed from below as close as possible to the foot spot without touching another ball.
If the 10 is pocketed prematurely during the break or with a correctly called combination shot, the player may continue his shot after the 10 is rediscovered. If the 10 is pocketed without being called, the other player can choose to take the position or let the opponent play on.
Stewballs not named
If the called ball is pocketed correctly during a shot, any number of other balls can also be pocketed. These remain in the pockets and the player continues to shoot the lowest remaining ball on the table with one shot. The only exception is the 10 ball, which is dropped again after it has been put in early.
If, during a shot, the called ball is not pocketed, but a ball is pocketed without a correct call, that ball also remains in the pocket and the other player can decide whether to take the position or let the opponent play on. Balls that are either not nominated at all or fall into a pocket other than the nominated pocket will be deemed improperly holed.
How to line up the balls
Balls 1-10 are placed in a triangle.
One comes first
The ten goes in the middle
The remaining balls are placed randomly
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break shot
At kick-off, the cue ball may be placed anywhere in the head area. The one ball in front must be hit first, otherwise it is a foul.
If an object ball is pocketed during the break, the break is automatically valid and the player taking the break stays at the table. If no ball is holed, at least four object balls must strike one or more rails after the cue ball first makes contact with the rack for the break to be valid. When this is met, the shot changes and the other player takes over how it lies.
If no four balls touch a lane, the break is illegal. The player who did not shoot then has a choice
to accept the picture as it is anyway
Have the other player shoot again
shoot yourself
Kitchen rule (3-point rule)
In addition to the standard rules, some 10-ball events use the kitchen rule or the 3-point rule. Thereafter, at least three object balls must travel back into or through the kitchen after the break for a correct break to occur. It is enough if the head string is touched, the ball does not have to cross it completely. Potted balls are automatically deducted from the 3-point rule. So if a ball is sunk, only two have to go to the kitchen. If two balls are pocketed, only one has to go to the kitchen. If three or more balls are potted, the kitchen rule is automatically fulfilled. All other combinations mean an “illegal break”. If such an illegal break occurs, the player taking over can decide whether to take over the situation or let the player who caused the illegal break play on. If the player takes over, a correct shot must be taken on the lowest remaining ball on the table. If the shot is played back, the person who caused the illegal kick-off may continue the game with a push-out.
On the first shot after the break, the player eligible to shoot may play a push-out. This option is useful when a correct shot at the lowest ball is not possible or difficult. A push-out is a free kick, so to speak, to which no rules apply. The cue ball just has to stay on the table, otherwise it’s a foul. However, no rail needs to be touched and no object ball needs to be touched. The game ball can also be pushed a few centimeters forwards or backwards. After the push-out, the other player decides whether to take the newly created position or return play to the player who pushed out. It is therefore advisable not to leave the opponent with a situation that is neither too easy nor too difficult, as otherwise you usually have to continue playing yourself.
A push-out must be clearly promised to the opponent before it is executed.
fouls
A foul occurs when
The game ball is put in a pocket
the cue ball does not touch any other ball
the cue ball or an object ball bounces off the table
a ball other than the lowest ball on the table is touched first
After the first contact of the cue ball with an object ball, no ball touches at least one lane or is pocketed
The cue ball is touched several times during the shot (push shot foul)
touches a ball or balls with a cue stick, body, clothing or otherwise
a throw occurs while at least one ball is still moving on the table
At least one foot of the player does not touch the ground during the shot
Three Foul Rule
If a player commits a foul in three consecutive shots, he loses the game. It is important that before a possible third foul he is clearly warned by his opponent (or by the referee) that he has already committed two consecutive fouls and that if he committed another foul the game would be lost. If this warning is not given, the third foul has only the normal consequences of a normal foul.
14.1 Continuous / Straight Pool
14.1 Continuous is the original form of billiards and in the USA, mostly known as “Straight Pool”, it is still the supreme discipline of the sport for many billiards fans. It is played with a full set of balls from 1-15 and is a called shot game. All object balls are equal. If a ball is pocketed with the correct declaration of ball and pocket, the player receives a point. If other balls are pocketed in addition to the called ball, these also count as one point. The player stays at the table and can continue his shot until he misses a called shot, voluntarily stops with a safe, or wins the game.
When there is only one object ball left on the table, the other 14 balls are reassembled into a triangle, missing only the top ball, which would be right on the foot spot. The remaining object ball and cue ball remain in the positions where they came to rest after the last shot, and the player can continue play.
The trick now is, with a correct shot, to open the triangle again and continue the game. Classically, this is attempted by potting the last free ball and then running the cue ball into the remaining 14 balls to break them up. However, it would be equally possible, albeit infinitely more difficult, to call and hole a ball from the closed triangle into a specific pocket.
As long as a correct shot sinks the announced ball into the announced pocket, the player can continue his streak indefinitely. Hence the name 14.1 “continuous”. It is also possible and not uncommon in professional circles that a player hardly or not at all comes to the table because the other player sinks his 100 balls in a row. The unofficial record streak by a player is 714 potted balls.
goal of the game
The aim of the game is to reach a set or pre-game agreed score. The usual goal is 100 points. Longer distances are also played in the professional sector. Shorter distances (50, 60, 75) are recommended for beginners, recreational and lower-level players.
In order to limit playing time, it is also common to limit the number of innings (= table visits) per player. For example, 30-40 innings is a common limit for a race to 100. Once both players have completed their 40 innings and neither player has reached the tie goal, the current score will be used to determine the winner.
If the result is a tie when both players have completed their last inning, the game is extended by five innings. If there is still no winner, the game will be extended by one inning per player pending a decision. The game situation on the table always remains as it is, it is not changed in overtime.
How to line up the balls
Balls 1-15 are set up in a triangle. The positions of the balls do not matter and are random. The foremost ball is on the foot spot.
When restacking the 14 balls balls between the racks, the balls are also randomly positioned as a triangle. The foremost position at the base remains empty.
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Peculiarities of racking in the game
If the cue ball or the last object ball remaining on the table is preventing the 14 balls from being reinserted by blocking the “triangle,” the following rules apply.
If both cue ball and object ball are in the triangle, all 15 object balls are built into a complete triangle and the cue ball must be played ball-in-hand from the kitchen area.
If only the remaining object ball is in the triangle, it is spotted head on. If the head point is blocked by the cue ball, it is placed on the center point.
If the ball is in the triangle, the game continues in the kitchen with free choice of position (ball-in-hand).
Exception: The remaining object sphere is also in the kitchen. In this case, the game ball must be turned upside down. If this is occupied by the object ball, the game ball is placed on the middle point.
Position of the 15th ball Position of the cue ball In the triangle Neither in the triangle nor on the head spot On the head spot In the triangle 15th ball: foot spot
Game ball: Kitchen 15. Ball: Head point
Cue ball: stays where it is 15. Ball: center point
Game ball: stays where he is. 15th ball: foot point
Game ball: kitchen 15. Ball: foot point
Game ball: stays where it is 15th ball: foot spot
Cue ball: stays where it is In the kitchen, but not on the head 15. Ball: stays where it is
Game ball: Header Neither in the kitchen nor in the triangle 15. Ball: stays where it is
Game ball: kitchen on head point 15. Ball: stays where it is
Cue Ball: Center
Source: Wikipedia
Rediscover individual object balls
A holed object ball is rediscovered when
A foul was committed when the shot was fired
The called ball was not pocketed in the same shot
The ball was pocketed when a safety was taken
The object ball in question is always placed on the stepping point. If this is blocked, the ball is placed in the middle as close as possible to the foot point of the foot rail. If several balls are to be played again after a shot, each one is played individually according to the above principle.
break shot
At break-off, at least two object balls and the cue-ball must touch a rail or a declared object ball must be pocketed for a correct break-off to occur. Otherwise, the player who kicked off gets two penalty points and the opponent can either take the position or request a reset. In this case, he can have the counter-attack executed again or take over the kick-off himself. If the same player goes on with a second break shot, it still counts towards the first inning. Several break-shot fouls in a row are possible, the points of which are all attributed to the first inning. For example, a score of -10 (= five break shot fouls) is possible in the first inning. A “normal” foul (e.g. pocketing a cue ball) is only punished with a minus point and cannot lead to a new break.
fouls
A foul occurs when
The ball is pocketed
the cue ball does not touch any other ball
the cue ball or an object ball bounces off the table
After the first contact of the cue ball with an object ball, no ball touches at least one lane or is pocketed
The cue ball is touched several times during the shot (push shot foul)
moving a ball or balls with a cue, body, clothing or any other means
a throw occurs while at least one ball is still moving on the table
At least one of the player’s feet does not touch the ground during the shot.
After a foul game, the game is generally continued with the same game situation. There is no ball in hand. Only when the ball is pocketed or leaves the table can the other player continue from the kitchen with a free choice of position.
minuses
A foul is always penalized with a minus point. A player’s score can therefore be negative. Three fouls in a row result in 15 minus points. In this case, the player who has already committed two fouls in a row must be advised before his next shot that he has already accumulated two fouls.
If a player commits a third foul in a row despite a warning, a minus point is calculated for the foul and then a further 15 minus points are deducted. The entire rack is then rebuilt and the player who committed the three fouls must restart play with a correct break-off (see break-off).
A pocket
One Pocket is one of the most popular pool variants in the USA and is particularly popular among gambling circles. Each player is assigned one of the two pockets at the foot of the table and can only score by potting balls into that pocket. The other four pockets are neutral. Nothing needs to be called. Each ball pocketed in one’s own pocket with a correct shot counts as one point.
goal of the game
The player who gets eight points first wins a game. An overall goal for a game can be agreed in advance. For a match, races to 3 or 5 are common.
How to tear up the balls
Balls 1-15 are set up as a triangle. The positions of the balls do not matter and are random. The ball in front is placed on the foot spot.
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break shot
Before the break, the starting player must name which of the two pockets at the foot of the table he will choose for his balls. The other player is automatically assigned the other bag. In practice, the bid is often omitted, since in the classic one-pocket opening shot, the majority of the balls are always clearly moved in the direction of a pocket, and it is clear from this which pocket the player chooses. When breaking from the left, the player then plays the right pocket and vice versa.
The game is always played with alternating breaks. Before each new rack, the breaker can choose which pocket to play.
During the break, the ball can be placed anywhere in the kitchen and must be played out of it. Either an object ball or a rail may be hit first. In any case, at least one object ball must be hit and after this contact, another ball must hit at least one rail for a correct shot to be made. If a ball is pocketed during the kick-off, the kick-off is basically correct. However, in these cases, a re-rack is sometimes performed and the kick-off re-run.
If the above conditions are not met, it is a foul and the player gets a minus point. The other player must still take the picture as it is. There is no ball in hand. If the cue ball is pocketed on the opening shot, the other player must continue play by shooting with a vacant position from the kitchen.
The game
A player is allowed to continue their stroke as long as they pocket one or more balls in their own pocket with correct strokes. If a ball is sunk – intentionally or unintentionally – into a neutral pocket or an opponent’s pocket and a ball is not sunk into one’s own pocket at the same time, the shot eligibility changes. Balls that are neutrally holed are replaced after the shot. Balls pocketed in the opponent’s pocket count one point for the opponent. The only exception is when an opponent’s ball is potted and a foul is committed, either by potting the cue ball or by having the cue ball fly off the table. Then the pocketed ball is spotted out of the opponent’s pocket again.
If a player correctly pots both their last ball and their opponent’s last ball in one stroke, the executing player wins the game.
There are no called safety or safety shots. If a ball is pocketed in the correct pocket, the player must continue his shot.
Jump queuing is not allowed in One Pocket. However, it is allowed to perform jumpshots with the complete queue.
fouls
Each foul results in a minus point. So the player who committed the foul must pass a ball out of his pocket and put it back on. Balls pocketed during a foul must be pocketed immediately afterwards, along with the offending player’s penalty ball. Balls pocketed in the opponent’s pocket are only put up again if the cue ball was pocketed or carried off the table at the same time. For other fouls, such as B. a push shot foul or an illegal ball contact, the opponent’s ball stays in the pocket and counts.
If a player has no balls in his pocket to “pay” for a foul, he owes a ball. This should be recorded in some form by writing it down or marking it. Balls that are owed must be replaced as soon as possible, but only at the end of an inning. Only when all debts are settled can the player start collecting balls in his pocket.
Deliberate fouls are a common tactic in one pocket. However, a correct shot must always be taken, even if the cue ball is pocketed on purpose, moved just a millimeter, or no attempt is made to hit another ball. After an illegal shot, the eligible player can choose to accept the table situation or restore the image prior to the foul.
Three Foul Rule
After three consecutive fouls, the game is lost. However, as in rotation games, a player must be advised by the referee or opponent that he has already committed two fouls before taking the next shot and committing a third foul. In practice, the three foul rule is often waived if both players agree.
Rediscover balls
Balls to be repotted are always placed directly on the foot point. If this is not completely clear, the ball is placed from the foot rail on the line to the foot spot as close as possible without touching another ball. If everything is blocked from the foot spot to the foot rail, the ball is pitched over the foot spot.
Balls are always pitched at the end of an inning. The only exception to this rule is if a player sinks the last ball on the table without either player reaching their rack, any balls to be re-stacked are immediately tucked and the player may continue their shot.
disabilities
It is common practice, particularly in gaming circles, to play one pocket with handicaps to compensate for differences in skill level. For example, it can be agreed that one player normally needs his eight balls to win, but the other only needs six (8-6) or the better player needs to sink even more balls (e.g. 10-6). Wenn mehr als die 15 verfügbaren Bälle benötigt werden, um die Remis-Tore zu erreichen, muss der Spieler mit dem höheren Tor am Ende seines Schusses eingelochte Bälle neu setzen, bis das Tor für beide Spieler erreichbar ist. Bei einem Handicap von 12-8 müsste also der bessere Spieler seine ersten vier richtig eingelochten Bälle wieder aufsetzen. Aber natürlich zählen die erzielten Punkte.
Bankpool
Beim Bank Pool dürfen Pockets nur als sogenannte Bank Shots über die Rail eingelocht werden. Grundsätzlich darf jeder Objektball auf dem Tisch gespielt werden und alle sechs Taschen stehen zur Verfügung. Das Ziel des Spiels ist es, mit korrekt angesagten und eingelochten Bank-Shots als Erster das Punkteziel zu erreichen. Ein eingelochter Ball zählt einen Punkt.
9-Ball-Banken
In 9-Ball-Banken werden neun beliebige Bälle zu einer Raute angeordnet, genau wie beim klassischen 9-Ball. Der erste Spieler, der fünf Punkte erreicht, ist der Gewinner.
Vollständige Rack-Bänke
Bei Full Rack Banks sind alle 15 Bälle wie beim klassischen 8-Ball als Dreieck aufgebaut. Der erste Spieler, der acht Punkte erreicht, ist der Gewinner.
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Das Spiel
Bank Pool ist ein Called-Shot-Spiel. Für jeden Schlag müssen der zu versenkende Ball, die anvisierte Tasche und die Flugbahn des Balls einschließlich benutzter Schienen genannt werden. In offensichtlichen Situationen, wie dem klassischen »One Rail Bank in the Middle«, ist keine Ansage notwendig. Wenn ein Ball versehentlich auf einer anderen als der beabsichtigten Bahn eingelocht wird, wurde er nicht korrekt eingelocht und wird wieder eingelocht. Es gibt keine Strafe, das Recht zu schießen ändert sich.
Solange ein Spieler die angesagten Bälle korrekt versenkt, kann er seinen Schlag fortsetzen. Pro Schuss kann nur ein Punkt erzielt werden. Werden zusätzlich zu einem korrekt eingelochten Ball weitere Bälle eingelocht, werden diese am Ende des Schusses wieder aufgelegt. Ein Inning endet, wenn kein Ball korrekt versenkt, ein Foul begangen oder das Punkteziel erreicht wird.
Damit ein Bank Shot legal eingesteckt wird und einen Punkt zählt, müssen die folgenden Anforderungen erfüllt sein:
Der Ball muss »sauber« versenkt werden. Auf dem Weg in die Tasche darf kein anderer Ball berührt werden.
Die Spielkugel muss immer zuerst die einzulochende Objektkugel treffen. Kombinationen und Karambolschläge sind nicht erlaubt
Der Spielball muss den Objektball treffen, bevor er auf eine Schiene trifft. Der Objektball darf nicht über eine Schiene gespielt werden. Keine Rail-First-Schüsse.
Die Spielkugel darf die Objektkugel auf ihrem Weg in die Tasche nur einmal berühren. Jede weitere Berührung führt dazu, dass der Ball nicht richtig versenkt und wieder auf den Platz gelegt wird
Neben den offiziellen Regeln gibt es weit verbreitete Variationen, die das Spiel interessanter oder sogar einfacher machen. Die beliebteste Regel ist, dass Sie Bälle versenken können, ohne die Schiene zu berühren, wenn Sie mindestens drei Schienen treffen, bevor Sie den Objektball treffen. Auf diese Weise kann man auch etwas mit Bällen machen, die in der Nähe einer Tasche liegen und nicht als Bankschlag gespielt werden können. Eine andere Variante erlaubt Rail-First-Schüsse, wenn danach ein Bank-Shot versenkt wird.
Schuss brechen
9-Ball-Banken
Das Rack ist wie beim 9-Ball als Rhombus aufgebaut. The ball in front is on the foot spot and must be hit first during the break. For a legal break to occur, at least one ball must pass over the center into the other half of the table.
Full Rack Banks
The 15 balls are racked normally for the break. The foremost ball is on the foot spot. No particular ball must be hit first. For a legal break to occur, at least two object balls must hit a rail after the cue ball has touched the first object ball.
The goal in both cases is to pocket at least one ball on the break. If a ball is pocketed on the break, the player making the break may continue his shot. However, the pocketed balls do not count as points and are put back on at the end of the inning. If no ball is pocketed, the right to shoot changes and it is the other player’s turn.
If the criteria for a legal shot are not met, the other player can either take over the situation or ask the other player to take another shot. An illegal break shot is not a foul and is not penalized.
Fouls
A foul occurs when
the cue ball is pocketed into a pocket or bounces off the table
after the cue ball has touched the first object ball, not at least one ball is pocketed or touches a rail
Each foul leads to the end of the inning and results in a minus point. If a ball is correctly pocketed in the same shot, it does not count and is put back on. If a player has no points on the credit side at the time of a foul, he also gets a minus point and then owes one or more balls. The debt is settled by putting correctly pocketed balls back on at the end of an inning.
Incidentally, if an object ball flies off the table during a correct shot, it is not a foul and the ball is put back on.
If the cue ball remains on the table when a foul occurs, the other player must take over the situation as he finds it. There is no ball in hand.
If the cue ball leaves the table when a foul occurs, the ball-in-hand from the kitchen continues. The player entitled to take the cue ball must play forward from the kitchen. In the case that all remaining object balls are in the kitchen and therefore no correct shot is possible, the ball closest to the head string is taken away and placed on the foot spot.
Re-spotting of balls
Incorrectly or illegally pocketed as well as owed balls are, if possible, placed on the foot spot or in a direct line below it in the direction of the foot rail.
Balls are always re-spotted at the end of an inning. The only exception is when there are no more object balls on the table after a correctly pocketed ball, but the game is not yet decided. In this case, all balls that can be re-spotted are immediately re-spotted.
Drehung
Rotation is one of the oldest games in pool and is played in different variations almost everywhere on the globe. It is considered the supreme discipline in many places and is recommended by some professionals as a training game to improve their own billiards game.
The game is played with a complete set of balls from 1 to 15. Just as in 9- or 10-ball, the lowest ball remaining on the table must always be hit first in order to make a correct shot.
Objective of the game
In rotation pool, each ball has the value corresponding to its number. Thus, one is worth one point, four is worth four points, and 15 is the most valuable ball. The goal of the game is to reach a certain number of points. Since there are a total of 120 points on the table at the beginning, typically 61 is the number of points that wins a game. However, handicaps can be agreed upon so that, for example, one player needs 70 and the other only 50.
If there is a tie of 60:60, the player who last pocketed a ball correctly and was second to reach 60 is typically declared the winner.
The game
Rotation Pool is not a called-shot game. As long as the lowest ball on the table is hit first with the cue ball and there is no foul, all balls pocketed on that shot count for the player whose turn it is. A shot ends when either no ball has been pocketed, a foul has been committed, or the run-out target has been reached.
How to set up the balls
When racking, four balls have fixed positions. The one goes to the very front on the base, the two and the three to the back two corners of the rack and the 15 as the most valuable ball to the center. All other balls are placed randomly.
Tip: For the perfect racking of the balls we recommend the Magic Ball Rack. And here you can find all products for racking the balls.
The break shot
To execute a correct break, at least one ball must be pocketed or four object balls must run into at least one rail. Otherwise, the same rules apply as in the entire game. The lowest ball, i.e. the one, must be hit first. If there is no foul and a ball is pocketed, the player continues his turn, otherwise the shot changes.
If the criteria for a legal break are not met, the other player can decide whether to
take over the picture as it lies and continue playing with ball-in-hand from the kitchen
set up again and break himself.
If, on the other hand, there is a break foul because the cue ball is pocketed or bounces off the table, play is continued in any case with ball-in-hand from the kitchen. However, the player entitled to take the shot may pass and force the player who committed the break foul to continue play with the situation as found.
Fouls
A foul is committed when
the cue ball does not touch the lowest ball on the table first
does not touch any ball at all
the cue ball is pocketed or flies off the table
after the contact of the cue ball with the object ball, no ball is pocketed or hits a rail
an object ball flies off the table
A special feature is the »one-ball-safety« rule. A player is allowed to play a safety only twice per rack, where the object ball to be played is simply rolled to the nearest rail, so as not to give the opponent an easy shot. The third »one-ball safe« in a rack thus also results in a foul.
All other common safe variations, however, where multiple balls are moved or multiple boards are hit, are not limited and are allowed at any time.
Three consecutive fouls by a player in a rack will result in the loss of the game.
After a foul, the player entitled to take the shot generally has the choice of taking the shot himself or allowing the fouling player to continue playing. If there is a foul where the cue ball left the table, play continues with ball-in-hand from the kitchen. However, this shot can also be given to the player who committed the foul.
In the case of ball-in-hand from the kitchen, it is mandatory to play the cue ball forward from the kitchen. If the lowest remaining object ball is in the kitchen and a direct hit is therefore impossible, this ball is placed on the foot spot.
Re-spotting balls
Balls that jump off the table or are pocketed in the course of a foul are put back on. In principle, the balls are placed on the foot spot or in a direct line to the foot rail as close as possible to the foot spot.
variations
Filipino Rotation
In the Philippines, rotation is the most popular pool variation besides 10-ball. There are some special rules to consider.
Jump cues are not allowed
In the case of kick shots, i.e. when one or more rails are hit first and then the object ball to be played is hit, no other rail needs to be touched after contact.
If a player lies completely save on the ball to be played and cannot play it directly, he can forego an attempt and offer the opponent a spot shot instead. The ball to be played is then placed on the foot spot and the other player continues to play with ball-in-hand from the head area.
After a no-hit foul, that is, when a player has failed to hit the lowest ball on the table with a correct shot, the player entitled to take the shot can either take it as it lies or take a spot shot himself. This is done by again placing the lowest object ball on the foot spot and playing ball-in-hand from the head spot.
If, after a break foul, the lowest remaining object ball is in the head area, it is also placed on the foot spot and the player entitled to take a spot shot continues to play with ball-in-hand from the head area.
American Rotation
What is an illegal break in 8-ball?
If the breaker does not pocket a ball and fails to drive at least 4 balls to one or more rails, it is an illegal break. In the case of an illegal break, the opponent can either accept the table as is and play from there; choose to re-rack and break; or re-rack and have the breaker go again.
If you walk into a bar or pool hall and see people playing pool, there’s a good chance they’re in the middle of an 8-ball game.
It’s so common for billiards players, both beginners and experts, that we don’t even think about it much.
Still, 8 ball pool has some different rules and do’s and don’ts.
Here we’re going to give you a little breakdown of the 8-ball rules.
[mc4wp_form id=”6805″]A History of the Game of 8-Ball
The 8-ball game is believed to have originated around 1900, as the first written record of it dates back to 1908.
Introduced by the Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company, it was known as the “B.B.C. Co. Pool” instead of “8-Ball”.
The original game was played with seven yellow balls, seven red balls, one black ball and the cue ball – it was only much later that numbered stripes and solids (with an 8 on the black ball) became the preferred system.
This early game had simple rules compared to today’s games and wasn’t even included in official rule books until 1940.
Because of its simplicity, 8-Ball eventually became the most popular recreational version of pocket billiards. And a favorite bar game for generations.
How to play the game.
Also see: Your Complete Roadmap to Learning to Play Billiards…
Standardized Rules for Eight Ball Pool
American-style 8-ball pool is played by professionals and amateurs around the world, but there is still much debate over the details of the rules.
Nonprofit organizations such as the World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA) and the Billiard Congress of America have standardized rules for the game.
But the rules of the American Pool Players Association, the Valley National Eight-Ball Association, and the BCA Pool League differ from international rules.
And of course, since 8-ball is played informally in bars, pool halls, lounges, and basements, there is an almost infinite number of “house rules” that change from one place to another.
Nonetheless, this is a summary of some of the most commonly accepted 8-ball rules:
Eight Ball Pool Equipment
Prescribed size pool table
Eight balls can be played on pool tables of many different shapes and sizes. Of course, you don’t have to worry about whether your table follows standard 8-ball rules.
But only if you want to know
The standard size for recreational 8 ball pools are as follows:
3 1/2 feet x 7 feet
4ft x 8ft
4 1/2 feet x 9 feet
Note that the tables are twice as long as they are wide.
The standard size for professional eightball tournaments is 4 1/2 feet x 9 feet.
A pool table should be at least 29.25 inches high with a maximum height of 31 inches.
billiard balls
There are seven single-colored billiard balls numbered 1 through 7, seven striped balls numbered 9 through 15, an 8-ball, and a single-colored white cue ball.
Regular billiard balls are usually molded from plastic materials such as phenolic resin or polyester, with a consistent size and weight for proper action, rolling resistance, and general playing characteristics.
The standard specifications for billiard balls are: Weight 5.5 – 6 oz. and diameter 2.25″ (allowing for plus or minus 0.005″ in diameter).
(Learn more about choosing the best billiard balls.)
How to Use 8-Ball
If the balls are arranged in a triangle shape, the order of the balls must be random, with the 8-ball dead center being in the triangle.
They should be lined up tightly so that the balls are all in contact with each other.
The base of the frame should be parallel to the end rail of the table, with the top ball of the frame centered on the base of the table.
One ball from each group (solid and striped) should be placed at the bottom two corners of the triangle. Otherwise, the remaining balls can be placed anywhere.
Some variations call for the 1-ball to be the top ball at the front point of the triangle, with the rest of the balls alternating solid/striped, solid/striped, such that there is a solid ball at each corner.
However, this variant is not contained in any set of rules.
rules of the break
The break in 8-Ball Pool is determined by a coin toss or a win or loss of the previous game.
The breaker can position the ball anywhere behind the table’s headline.
The cue ball does not have to hit a specific object ball first.
However, unless the breaker sinks a ball, at least four balls must hit the boards.
If the breaker does not sink a ball and does not hit at least 4 balls on one or more rails, it is an illegal break.
In the event of an illegal break, the opponent can either accept the table as is and continue playing from there; opt for Re-Rack and Break; or re-rack and let the breaker go again.
If the 8-ball is pocketed on the break, the breaker can either re-spot the 8-ball and continue play, or rerack and break again.
If the breaker sinks the 8-ball and scratches the cueball, the opponent can either spot the 8-ball and pick up the cueball behind the headline for his next shot; or re-rack and decide to break.
If only the cue ball is pocketed on the break, the opponent can choose to pick up the cue ball behind the headline or break the balls again.
Finally, if a ball is bounced off the table on the break, that ball is out of play (unless it’s the 8-Ball, which would be rediscovered) and the opponent can then either play it as is or den Accept ball Hand behind head string.
Note that some regional or house rules default to an immediate win or loss if the 8-ball or cue ball is pocketed at break-in. Just remember.
(Learn about the pros and cons of using a breaking queue.)
During the game
Players take turns aiming to pocket all stripes or solids of their color.
The game is won if a player sinks the 8-ball after pocketing their entire suit, or if the opposing player accidentally sinks the 8-ball.
Some house rules require a player to call each shot with the ball and intended pocket.
This varies from venue to venue, but most games require the player to call the pocket for the final 8-ball shot.
The shooter loses if . . .
The shooter loses if he does the following (except during the break):
Scratches or fouls while potting the eight
Sinks the eight before sinking all the other balls in his group
Hide the eight in an uncalled pocket
Drives the eight off the table
Standard fouls in 8-ball play
The following is considered a foul in most 8-ball games:
Cue ball scratch on or off the table.
The shooter misses a ball of his color (or the 8 if the rest of the color is pocketed) with the cue ball without any of the other balls being hit by the cue ball.
No ball bounces off a rail or is potted after the cue ball hits the object ball.
The shooter takes more than one shot at the cue ball during a turn.
The thrower’s cue pushes and moves the cue ball before the shot.
The cue ball is touched by anything other than the tip of the cue.
The shooter touches all balls on the table except shooting the cue ball. (In that case you may need the old mechanical bridge.)
The cue ball is “skipped” over another ball.
As mentioned earlier, there are all sorts of variations on the rules of 8-ball and how to play 8-ball pool.
What’s acceptable on your buddy’s pool table down in his basement may be off-limits at the bar down the street.
The main point is that 8-Ball is a fun and relaxing game regardless of where it is played and who is playing it.
It takes skill, judgment and practice.
It can even be used to demonstrate object lessons in physics and geometry.
Don’t take the game too seriously, don’t get too upset about it – just meet up with your friends and enjoy a traditional bar game that people have been playing for a century or more.
Looking for other pool games?
Check out how to play nine-ball, cut-throat pool and other billiard games.
What happens if you make a stripe and solid on the break?
CHOICE OF GROUP. The choice of stripes or solids is not determined on the break even if balls are made from only one or both groups. THE TABLE IS ALWAYS OPEN IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE BREAK SHOT. The choice of group is determined only when a player legally pockets a called object ball after the break shot.
Individual sport
Rules
Players must be at the table within 5 minutes of start time or the game will be abandoned. A match consists of the best 2 of 3 games. (Women only play 1 game) The game is played according to the 8-ball rules listed below. All disputes must be resolved at the table at this time. The game time is more than 50 minutes after the scheduled start. The player with the most games won or most balls pocketed in the current game is declared the winner.
8 balls
1. GAME OBJECT. Eight Ball is a call shot game played with a cue ball and fifteen object balls numbered 1-15. One player must pocket balls from the group numbered 1 to 7 (solid colors) while the other player has balls 9 to 15 (stripes). . THE PLAYER WHO POCKETS HIS GROUP FIRST AND THEN LEGALLY POCKETS THE 8-BALL WINS THE GAME.
2. CALL RECORDING. Obvious balls and pockets do not need to be shown in the call shot. It is the opponent’s right to ask what ball and pocket they have if they are unsure of the shot. Ricochets and combination shots are not considered obvious and care should be taken to identify both the object ball and the intended pocket. When calling the shot, it is NEVER necessary to give details such as number of ties, benches, kisses, crashes, etc. All balls pocketed on a foul remain pocketed, regardless of whether they belong to the kicker or the opponent.
3. CHANGE BREAK. The winner of the lag or coin toss has the opportunity to break. The players (teams) take turns in each subsequent game.
4. BOUNCING BALLS AND MASS SHOTS ARE NOT ALLOWED.
5. LEGAL BREAKING SHOT. To execute a legal break, the breaker (with the cue ball behind the head string) must either (1) pocket a ball, or (2) hit at least four numbered balls against the cushion. Failure to make a legal break is a foul and the incoming player has the option of (1) positioning the table and shooting, or (2) relocating the balls and having the option of taking the ball to shoot Open the break yourself or allow the offending player to break again.
6. SCRATCH ON A LEGAL BREACH. If a player scratches on a legal break, (1) all pocketed balls remain pocketed (except for the 8-ball: see Rule 9), (2) it is a foul, (3) the table is open. PLEASE NOTE: The incoming player has the cue ball in hand behind the head string and may not shoot an object ball that is behind the head string unless he first shoots the cue ball past the head string and causes the cue ball to go past the Head comes back up the string and hits the object ball.
7. OBJECT BALLS BOUNCE OFF THE TABLE AT REST. If a player bounces an object ball off the table at break, it is a foul and the ball is spotted. The incoming player then has the option of (1) positioning the table and shooting, or (2) putting the cue ball behind the head string and shooting.
8. 8-BALL POCKETED ON THE BREAK. If the 8-ball is pocketed on the break, the breaker can ask for a re-rack or have the 8-ball spotted and keep shooting. If the breaker claws while potting the 8-ball on the break, the incoming player has the option to re-rack or let the 8-ball see and begin shooting behind the headline, ball in hand.
9. THE OPENING BREAK is not a called shot. Any player who breaks an 8-ball shot may continue with their next shot as long as they legally pocketed an object ball on the break.
10. OPEN TABLE. The table is “open” if the choice of groups (stripes or full tone) is not yet determined. When the table is open it is legal to hit a solid first to make a streak or vice versa. Note: The table is always open immediately after the break shot. When the table is open, it is legal to hit any solid or stripe or the 8-Ball first when pocketing the announced stripe or solid. However, if the table is open and the 8-ball is the first ball to be touched, no streak or solid may be scored in favor of the shooter. The shooter loses his turn; all balls holed remain holed; and the incoming player addresses the balls while the table is still open. At an open table, all illegally holed balls remain holed.
11. CHOICE OF GROUP. The choice of stripes or solids is not specified at break, even if balls are made from only one or both groups. THE TABLE IS ALWAYS OPEN IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE BREAK SHOT. The choice of group is only determined if a player legally pockets a declared object ball after the break.
12. LEGAL SHOT. For all shots (except break-off and open table), the pitcher must first hit a ball in his group and (1) pocket a numbered ball, or (2) bring the cue ball or any numbered ball into contact with a rail.
13. PLEASE NOTE: The shooter is permitted to deflect the cue-ball off a rail before it touches his object ball; however, after contact with his object ball, a object ball must be pocketed OR the cue ball or other numbered ball must touch a rail. Failure to meet these requirements is a foul.
14. EVALUATION. A player is entitled to continue shooting until he does not legally pocket a ball from his group. After a player has legally pocketed their entire group of balls, they shoot to pocket the 8-ball.
15. SCRATCHING is considered a foul and the opposing player gets his hands on the ball.
16. Foul Penalty. The opposing player gets his hands on the cue ball. This means the player can place the cue ball anywhere on the table (doesn’t have to be behind the headline except on the opening shot). This rule prevents a player from intentionally committing fouls that would disadvantage his opponent. With cue ball in hand, the player may use his hand or any part of his cue (including the tip) to position the cue ball. When placing the cue-ball in position, any forward striking motion that touches the cue-ball is a foul if not a valid shot.
17. COMBINATION SHOT. Combination shots are allowed; However, the 8-Ball cannot be used as the first ball in the combination unless the table is open.
18. ILLEGAL POCKET BALLS. A object ball is considered pocketed illegally if (1) that object ball was pocketed on the same shot in which a foul was committed, or (2) the called ball did not go into its designated pocket. Balls illegally holed remain holed.
19. OBJECT BALLS JUMPED OFF THE TABLE. If an object ball is bounced off the table, it is a foul and a game loss unless it is the 8-ball, which is a game loss. All bounced object balls are discovered.
20. MATCH LOSS. A player loses the game if he commits any of the following violations:
* Fouls pocketing the 8-Ball (Exception: see 8-Ball Pocketed on The Break).
* Sinks the 8-ball with the same shot as the last of his group of balls.
* Bounce the 8-Ball off the table at any time.
* Pots the 8-Ball into a pocket other than the intended pocket.
* Pots the 8-Ball if it’s not a legal object ball.
* Scratches trying to do the 8.
IMA points
What is a serious foul in pool?
If a player fouls three times without making an intervening legal shot, it is a serious foul. In games scored by the rack, such as nine ball, the fouls must be in a single rack. Some games such as eight ball do not include this rule.
6.2 First the wrong ball
6.3 No splint after contact
6.4 No foot on the ground
6.5 Ball driven off the table
6.6 Touched Ball
6.7 Double Hit / Frozen Balls
6.8 Push Shot
6.9 balls are still moving
6.10 Poor Cue Ball Placement
6.11 Poor play behind the head string
6.12 Cue on the table
6.13 Playing out of turn
6.14 Three Consecutive Fouls
6.15 Slow playback
6.16 Unsportsmanlike Conduct
fouls
The following actions are pool fouls when included in the specific rules of the game being played. If multiple fouls occur in one shot, only the most serious will be penalized. If a foul is not declared before the next shot begins, the foul is deemed not to have happened.
6.1 Cue Ball Scratch or off the table
If the cue ball is pocketed or driven off the table, the shot is a foul. See 8.3 Ball Potted and 8.5 Driven Off Table.
above
6.2 First the wrong ball
In games that require the first object ball hit to be a specified ball or one of a group of balls, it is a foul if the cue ball first touches another ball.
above
6.3 No splint after contact
If a shot does not pocket a ball, the cue-ball must make contact with a object ball and, after that contact, at least one ball (cue ball or any object ball) must be driven onto a track, or the shot is a foul. (See 8.4 Ridden on a rail.)
above
6.4 No foot on the ground
If the thrower does not have at least one foot on the ground at the moment the tip touches the cue ball, the shot is a foul.
above
6.5 Ball driven off the table
It is a foul to hit an object ball off the table. Whether this ball is discovered depends on the rules of the game. (See 8.5 Driven from the Table.)
above
6.6 Touched Ball
It is a foul to touch, move, or alter the trajectory of a object ball, except through normal ball-to-ball contact during shots. It is a foul to touch, move, or alter the path of the cue-ball except when in hand or through the normal forward impact tip-to-ball contact of a shot. The shooter is responsible for the equipment he controls at the table, such as chalk, bridges, clothing, his hair, parts of his body and the cue ball when in hand, which may be involved in such fouls. If such a foul is unintentional it is a standard foul but if intentional it is 6.16 Unsportsmanlike Conduct.
above
6.7 Double Hit / Frozen Balls
If the cue hits the cue ball more than once during a shot, the shot is a foul. If the cue-ball is near but not touching a object ball, and the point of play is still on the cue-ball when the cue-ball touches that object ball, the shot is a foul. If the cue-ball is very close to a object-ball and the kicker barely brushes that object-ball when kicking, the shot is presumed not to violate the first paragraph of this rule, even though the tip may still be on the cue-ball Ball-to-Ball contact is established.
However, if the cue ball touches an object ball at the beginning of the shot, it is legal to shoot at that ball or part of that ball (provided it is a legal target under the Laws of the Game) and if the object ball is moved by such a shot is deemed to have been touched by the cue ball. (Although it may be legal to shoot at such a touching or “frozen” ball, care must be taken not to violate the rules in the first paragraph if there are other balls in the vicinity.)
The cue-ball is deemed not to touch a ball unless declared touched by the referee or opponent. It is the shooter’s responsibility to obtain the explanation before the shot is fired. Playing away from a frozen ball does not constitute hitting the ball unless specified in the Laws of the Game.
above
6.8 Push Shot
It is a foul to prolong contact between the tip and the cue ball beyond what occurs with normal shots.
above
6.9 balls are still moving
It is a foul to initiate a shot while a ball in play is moving or spinning.
above
6.10 Poor Cue Ball Placement
If the cue-ball is in hand and is confined to the area behind the head string, it is a foul to play the cue-ball on or under the head string. If the shooter is unsure whether the cue ball was placed behind the headline, he may ask the referee for a decision.
above
6.11 Poor play behind the head string
If the cue ball in the hand is behind the head string and the first ball that the cue ball touches is also behind the head string, the shot is a foul unless the cue ball crosses the head string before that contact. If such a shot is intentional, it is unsportsmanlike conduct.
The cue ball must either cross the head string or touch a ball in front of or on the head string, or the shot is a foul and the cue ball is in the hand of the following player according to the rules of the relevant game.
above
6.12 Cue on the table
If the shooter uses his cue to line up a shot by placing it on the table without having a hand on the stick, that is a foul.
above
6.13 Playing out of turn
It is a standard foul to inadvertently play out of line. Normally balls are played from the position left by the faulty play. If a player intentionally plays out of turn, this should be treated as 6.16 Unsportsmanlike Conduct.
above
6.14 Three Consecutive Fouls
If a player fouls three times without taking a legal shot in between, that is a major foul. In games scored through the rack, such as B. Nine-ball, fouls must occur in a single rack. Some games, such as eight-ball, do not include this rule.
The referee must warn a shooter who has committed two fouls when he comes to the table that he has committed two fouls. Otherwise, a possible third foul will only be counted as a second.
above
6.15 Slow playback
If the referee feels that a player is playing too slowly, he may advise that player to speed up his game. If the player does not accelerate, the referee may issue a shot clock for that game that applies to both players. If the shooter exceeds the time limit set for the tournament, a standard foul will be assessed and the incoming player will be rewarded according to the rules applicable to the game being played. (Rule 6.16 Unsportsmanlike Conduct may also apply.)
above
6.16 Unsportsmanlike Conduct
The normal penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct is the same as for a serious foul, but the referee may impose a penalty based on the assessment of the conduct. Among other possible penalties are a warning; a standard foul penalty, which may count as part of a three-foul sequence; a serious foul penalty; loss of a rack, set or match; Exclusion from the competition, possibly with loss of all prizes, cups and ranking list points.
Unsportsmanlike conduct is any intentional conduct that brings the sport into disrepute or disrupts or alters the game in a way that makes it unfair. It contains
(a) distracting the opponent;
(b) changing the position of the balls in play by any means other than a shot;
(c) playing a shot by intentionally missing it;
(d) continue play after a foul has been called or play has been stopped;
(e) practice during a game;
(f) mark the table;
(g) game delay; and
(h) improper use of equipment.
What is the three foul rule in pool?
THREE CONSECUTIVE FOULS. If a player fouls three consecutive times on three successive shots without making an intervening legal shot, he loses the game. The three fouls must occur in one game. The warning must be given between the second and third fouls.
D. LEGAL BREAK SHOT. The rules for the break shot are the same as for other shots except: 1. The breaker must hit the 1-ball first and either pocket a ball or hit at least four numbered balls to a rail, otherwise it is a foul. The incoming player accepts the table as it is with ball in hand, or requests a rerack with the cue ball behind the headline. 2. If the cue-ball is pocketed, thrown off the table, or the conditions for the opening game are not met, it is a foul and the incoming player has the cue-ball in his hand anywhere on the table. 3. If, at the break, the breaker bounces an object ball off the table, it is a foul and the coming player has a cue ball somewhere on the table. The object ball is not spotted again. 4. Making the nine on the break is an automatic win for the breaker. However, if the cue ball is scratched while making the nine, the nine will be mocked again. (Using another strip from the tray.) E. GAME CONTINUE. If shot immediately after a legal break, the shooter may push out. If the breaker sinks one or more balls on a legal break, he keeps shooting until he misses, fouls, or wins the game. If the player misses or fouls, the other player starts their turn and shoots until they miss, foul, or win. The game ends when the nine is pocketed on a legal shot. F. PUSH OUT. The player who takes the shot immediately after a legal break is allowed to play a push-out to try to position the cue ball in a better position for the following option. On a push-out, the cue-ball need not touch an object ball or rail, but all other foul rules still apply. The player must announce his intention to play a push out before the shot is made, or the shot will be considered a normal shot. Any ball holed on a push out does not count and remains holed, except for the nine-ball. After a legal push-out, the incoming player may shoot from that position or return the shot to the player who performed the push-out. A push out is not considered a foul unless a rule is broken. An illegal push out will be penalized based on the type of foul committed. G Fouls. If a player commits a foul, he must forfeit his run at the table and no balls pocketed on the foul shot are spotted, except for the nine-ball. The incoming player receives the ball in hand; Before his first shot, he may place the cue anywhere on the table. If a player commits multiple fouls on a shot, they will be counted as one foul. 1. All fouls must be reported and acknowledged before the next shot is taken. 2. Touching or moving the cue ball is a foul. 3. Coaching is a foul. 4. Shooting the cue ball into a pocket or off the table is a foul. 5. If the first object ball touched by the cue ball is not the lowest numbered ball on the table, the shot is a foul. 6. If no object ball is pocketed, failure to hit the cue-ball or a object ball on a lane after the cue-ball has touched the object ball is a foul. 7. Potting the nine and the cue ball in the same shot is a foul. 8. Shooting without at least one foot on the ground is a foul. 9. An unpotted ball is considered thrown off the table if it comes to rest other than on the bed of the table. It is a foul to hit an object ball off the table. The bounced object balls are not detected and the game continues. When the cue-ball is in hand, the player may place the cue-ball anywhere on the table except in contact with an object ball. He can keep adjusting the position of the cue ball until he throws a shot. H. THREE CONSECUTIVE FOULS. If a player fouls three times in a row on three consecutive shots without making a legal shot in between, he loses the game. The three fouls must occur in a game. The warning must be given between the second and third foul. This rule is optional for local league and tournament play. (This rule does not apply at the International Championships.) A player’s turn begins when it is legal for him to take a shot and ends at the end of a shot where he misses, fouls, or wins, or when he is between fouled the shots . If there are only two object balls on the table and a player scrapes while pocketing the ball before the nine, it shall be brought up and placed on foot. (With another ball from the tray.) I. END OF GAME. The game ends at the end of a legal shot that sinks the 9-ball; or when a player loses the game due to a foul.
What is a legal break in pool?
To make a legal break, the player must hit the balls and ensure that four balls hit cushions and that the cue ball doesn’t go down a pocket. If the 8-ball is potted on the break, the player is entitled to ask for a re-rack.
Both are played on a regular sized pool table with the regular six pockets and both have multiple championships around the world. However, eight-ball is the more common game – the game you will most likely see at your local billiards hall, and the game most people think of first when the word billiards is mentioned.
Eight-Ball Pool can be played as a singles or doubles game, and is played with cues and 16 balls, 15 object balls, and a cue ball (the ball that players hit to try to hit the other balls). Billiards can be a relatively fast-paced game compared to its close relatives snooker and billiards, but that doesn’t make it any less adept for players who require a high level of skill, concentration and tactical thinking to play the game at a high level.
subject matter of the game
The object of Pool is to pocket all of the balls you designate (either striped or solid) and then pocket the 8 to win the game. Because pool matches often consist of multiple games in a “best out of” format, players attempt to win as many games as necessary to win the match. Players must use their attacking and security game skills as well as tactical skills to help them win the game.
Players & Gear
To play billiards you will need the following equipment:
Table: The table used in billiards is approximately 9 feet by 4.5 feet, although games can often be played on different sized tables.
: The table used in billiards is approximately 9 feet by 4.5 feet, although games can often be played on different sized tables. Balls: 16 balls in total consisting of a white cue ball, seven striped balls, seven solid balls and one black ball (8 balls).
: 16 balls in total, consisting of a white cue ball, seven striped balls, seven solid balls and one black ball (8 balls). Cues: The players each have a cue, which can be made of wood, carbon fiber or fiberglass, which is used to hit the game ball.
: Players each have a cue stick, which can be made of wood, carbon fiber, or fiberglass, that is used to hit the cue ball. Chalk: To ensure they have more control over their shots, every player tends to chalk the end of their cue to ensure there is good contact between the cue and the ball.
Points
There is no scoring in pool as both players simply attempt to pocket all of their assigned object balls and then pocket the 8 in their chosen pocket. However, pool matches are often played over multiple games, so for example in a best-of-nine frame match, the first player to reach five frames is declared the winner.
win the game
8-Ball Pool is won if any of the following occurs:
A player pockets all of his designated balls and then legally pockets ball 8 in his nominated pocket.
The opposing player illegally sinks the 8 before clearing his own set of balls.
The 8 is thrown off the table by the opponent.
billiard rules
The rules of billiards are among the most controversial of all sports, with slightly different variations being played in different countries, cities, regions and even institutions. However, the World Pool Billiard Association (WPA) has created a standardized set of rules that both amateurs and professionals must adhere to.
How do you win straight pool?
14.1 Straight Pool rules
14.1 Straight Pool, also known as straight pool, is played with fifteen numbered balls and the cue ball. Each ball pocketed on a legal called shot counts one point and the first player to reach the required score wins the match.
4.2 The 14.1 Rack
4.3 Opening Strike
4.4 Continuing the Game and Winning the Game
4.5 Shots Required to Be Called
4.6 Spot Balls
4.7 Scoring
4.8 Special shelving situations
4.9 Standard Fouls
4.10 Breaking Foul
4.11 Major Fouls
4.12 stalemate
14.1 Straight Pool Rules
14.1 Straight Pool, also known as Straight Pool, is played with fifteen numbered balls and the cue ball. Each ball pocketed on a legal shot counts as one point and the first player to reach the required number of points wins the game. 14.1 is continuous in that after fourteen balls have been potted, they are re-potted and the shooter continues.
4.1 Delay for Pause
Players wait to determine who shoots first. (See 1.2 Lagging for order of play determination)
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4.2 The 14.1 Rack
For an opening shot, the fifteen balls are arranged in a triangle with the apex ball on the toe. When reracking balls, the apex ball is omitted if only 14 balls are played in the rack. The marked outline of the triangle is used to determine if an intended breakball is in rack space.
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4.3 Opening Strike
The following rules apply to the opening shot:
(a) The cue ball starts in the hand behind the head string.
(b) If no called ball is pocketed, the cue-ball and two object-balls must each be struck in a lane or the shot is a breaking foul. (See 8.4 Drive to a Rail.) This is penalized by having two points subtracted from the breaker’s score. (See 4.10 Breaking Foul.) The non-shooting player may accept the balls in position or request the breaker to play another opening shot until he meets the requirements for an opening shot or the non-shooting player accepts the table in position. (See 4.11 Major Fouls)
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4.4 Continuing the Game and Winning the Game
The shooter stays at the table as long as he keeps sinking legally called balls or wins the game by scoring the required number of points. If fourteen balls have been legally pocketed from a rack, play is stopped until balls are racked again.
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4.5 Shots Required to Be Called
Shots must be announced as explained in 1.6 Standard Announcement. The shooter can call “Safety”, in which case play passes to the opponent at the end of the shot and any object ball pocketed on the safe will be spotted.
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4.6 Spot Balls
All balls holed due to fouls or safeties, or without a called ball being holed, and all balls hit from the table are spotted. (See 1.4 Spotting Balls.) If the fifteenth ball of a rack needs to be spotted and the fourteen balls have not been touched, the fifteenth ball is spotted on the apex and the umpire can use the triangle to ensure a tight rack.
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4.7 Scoring
The shooter earns a point for legally pocketing a called shot. Any additional ball pocketed on such a shot also counts as one point. Fouls are penalized by deducting points from the offending player’s score. Results may be negative due to foul penalties.
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4.8 Special shelving situations
If the cue ball or fifteenth object ball interferes with the racking of fourteen balls for a new rack, the following special rules apply. A ball is deemed to interfere with the rack if it is within the rack or overlaps its outline. The referee indicates when asked if a ball collides with the stand.
(a) If the fifteenth ball was potted on the shot that scored the fourteenth ball, all fifteen balls are re-potted.
(b) If both balls collide, all fifteen balls are replayed and the cue ball is in the hand behind the head string.
(c) If only the object ball interferes, it is placed on the head spot or center point if the cue-ball blocks the head spot.
(d) If only the cue ball is in the way, then it is placed as follows: if the object ball is in front of or on the head string, the cue ball in the hand is behind the head string; If the object ball is behind the head string, the cue ball is spotted on the head spot, or on the midpoint if the head spot is blocked.
In any case, there is no restriction as to which object ball the shooter may play as the first shot of the new rack.
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4.9 Standard Fouls
If the shooter commits a standard foul, one point is deducted from his score, balls are spotted as needed, and play passes to his opponent. The cue ball remains in position except as noted below.
The following are standard fouls at 14.1:
6.1 Scratching cue ball or falling off the table The cue ball is in the hand behind the head string (see 1.5 cue ball in hand).
6.3 No splint after contact
6.4 No foot on the ground
6.5 Ball Knocked Off the Table (Any object balls hit off the table will be re-taunted.)
6.6 Touched Ball
6.7 Double Hit / Frozen Balls
6.8 Push Shot
6.9 balls are still moving
6.10 Poor Cue Ball Placement
6.11 Foul play from behind the headline For a foul under 6.11(2), the cue ball is in the hand of the oncoming player behind the headline.
6.12 Cue on the table
6.13 Playing out of turn
6.15 Slow playback
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4.10 Breaking Foul
A breaking foul is penalized by the loss of two points, as noted in 4.3 Opening Break Shot, and a possible re-break. If both a standard foul and a breaking foul occur in the same stroke, it is considered a breaking foul.
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4.11 Major Fouls
For Rule 6.14 Three consecutive fouls only standard fouls are counted, therefore a breaking foul does not count as one of the three fouls. A point is deducted for the third foul as usual, and then the additional fifteen-point penalty is deducted and the offending player’s consecutive foul count is reset to zero. All 15 balls are replayed and the offending player must shoot as per the requirements of the opening game.
For 6.16 Unsportsmanlike Conduct, the Referee will select a penalty depending on the nature of the offence.
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4.12 stalemate
If a stalemate occurs (see 1.12 Stalemate), players will again lay to determine who will take an opening break.
What is the difference between 8-ball and straight pool?
Straight pool is a multi-rack game that facilitates continuous scoring. You are not limited by solids or stripes, nor is the eight ball or nine ball of any more importance than the one or the fifteen. You call the pocket and each pocketed ball counts as one point.
Introduced in 1912 as America’s first official tournament game, straight pool enjoyed a major resurgence with the release of the film “The Hustler,” and remained the barroom and home game of choice until the 1980s, when eight-ball and nine-ball took over the advent of Coin tables and billiards, which became a televised sport.
Here are the rules of the game and some general information on the feel of straight pool, a good game to learn if you’re tired of eight-ball and nine-ball and want to increase the scope of your game.
This one small billiard cue accessory will change your game. If you can only afford one tool to maintain the tip of your cue, then the Cuetec Bowtie Tip Tool is it: 3-in-1 tool to help your tip hold the chalk better. Avoid mistakes. Small enough to fit in your pocket.
Straight pool is best played when nobody is waiting for the next one
Let’s say you and your pool-playing colleague want to play for a few hours and have played enough race-to-five games of eight or nine-ball games to make it redundant.
In straight pool, you typically only play one game per outing against an opponent.
Like all billiards games, it is best played on the tables that you pay by the hour or at the home tables since so many racks are required.
If you’re forced to play at coin-operated tables, put $10 aside for the first time you play.
The rules
Straight Pool is a multi-rack game that facilitates continuous scoring. They are not limited by solid colors or stripes, nor is the eight or nine of more importance than one or fifteen.
They call it the pocket and each pocketed ball counts as one point. The first to reach the agreed goal is the winner.
If you only have a few hours and are an intermediate level player, setting the goal to 30 or 60 points is a good introduction to the game.
It typically takes midfielders an hour to play a game through 60 once they become familiar with the game.
Similar to the hearts or spades card games, you can choose a target based on how much time you have to play.
Tournament games for pros in the current era of pool are few and far between, and they typically play to 150.
Scratches are playthings in the hand behind the head string.
Similar to the modern eight-ball or nine-ball, scratches occur when the cue ball is potted.
It is also a scratch when the cue ball fails to hit another ball or after hitting another ball and not hitting a rail.
(Note to billiard novices: if that doesn’t make sense, it’s the rule that stops you from tapping the cue even an inch to be on the safe side.)
Rack and Repeat: The Break Up and Continuous Play
The hardest part of Straight Pool is when you’re restacking the balls to continue the game. This part of the game is the hardest to learn in the beginning, but it starts to make sense once you’ve played through it a few racks.
After all but one ball has been potted, leave it and the cue where they are and re-stack the other 14 balls, leaving the top of the triangle bare in the rack.
(Hint: Here’s a chart showing how to play when the cue ball or object ball is where the rack normally goes.)
Then the shooter who took the last shot sinks the remaining ball with a good dismount and at the same time breaks open the new rack.
This is the “continuous” aspect of the game, allowing the shooter to continue his run through shelves. Hence the name 14:1 continuous. Pros typically play to 150 and can regularly run past 100 (~7 re-racks) if they shoot well.
Hailed as the greatest straight pool player of all time, Willie Mosconi holds the record for most balls run continuously at 526 at a 1954 show.
It’s hard to break up
How straight pool is good practice for your eight and nine ball game
Straight pool is a good exercise for learning and practicing the breakup shot; one of the most important shots in pool and the one that decides games more than any other single shot.
You use a breakup shot when one or more of the balls you need to get to are connected to other balls.
The tricky part is that the separation occurs in the same shot that you sink a ball, allowing you to keep shooting. The separation causes a ball to smack into balls that are bunched together to free them for future shots.
They are essential for longer runs and better finishes in both eight-ball and nine-ball.
Straight Pool is a great game for practicing breakup shots.
See also: How to Get Better at the Pool: 9 Essential Exercise Tips
Due to the continuous play, the racks are not broken as openly as in nine-ball and eight-ball, so more balls are pulled together at the beginning of the rack.
You have to play breakups to open the table, and they’re easier to handle in straight pool because you have fewer restrictions on what ball you shoot after the breakup.
(Note: It’s helpful to know the parts of a pool table when learning to play pool. Here’s an overview of pool table anatomy in case you need a refresher.)
Note: The opening break is omitted from this article as it is a very advanced shot that typically only comes up once per game. Since you must call every shot, experienced players play it safe during the first break of the game. Don’t rush into learning the safe break. It may be best to scatter balls with a hard break and sacrifice your turn the first few times you’re playing pool.
The gameplay
Although professional games use more safety shots and can turn into lengthy four-hour marathon matches, beginner and intermediate level play is more fun.
It’s a game of brands that feels like duck hunting or shooting fish in a barrel with the freedom to shoot any ball. The table becomes easier to manage as more balls are broken up and falling down.
It’s a strange feeling when your brain adjusts from focusing on solids and stripes or connecting the numerical dots of nine-balls and starts seeing all balls the same.
The possibilities are immense.
The first time you run 14 balls is extremely satisfying, and when you pot that last ball and can break open the new rack and keep shooting, that feeling is amplified. It’s like an extended rush and easier to get into the zone than the shorter runs of eight-ball and nine-ball.
Straight pool also eliminates luck as a factor, while luck itself can determine the winner in a series of eight or nine ball games or in league play. In Straight Pool, the better shooter wins that day.
Next time you’re where you can pay by the hour and aren’t interested in league games or the ever-popular “winners hold the table and challengers call the next” dive pool or even better at a home table and are just interested in playing a game against To play a player and looking for something new that is the oldest of all pocket pool games, try Straight Pool.
The Rules of 8 Ball Pool (Eight Ball Pool) – EXPLAINED!
See some more details on the topic uk 8 ball pool rules pdf here:
English Pool Association Playing Rules (1991) for use in the …
The game is played on a rectangular 6-pocket table with 15 balls plus a cue ball. Balls comprise of two numbered groups, 1-7 which are sol coloured balls, 9- …
Source: www.srpl.org.uk
Date Published: 10/2/2022
View: 2820
Rules of Play For English 8 Ball Pool
The game is played on a rectangular 6-pocket table with 15 balls (7 yellows, 7 reds and a black 8 ball.) To win, a player must pocket all their group of object …
Source: media.freeola.com
Date Published: 9/20/2022
View: 1795
WORLD POOL-BILLIARD ASSOCIATION BLACKBALL RULES
It is a legal break if a ball is potted OR at least two balls fully pass over an imaginary line joining the mdle of the centre pockets. If illegal, an …
Source: www.samleisure.co.uk
Date Published: 1/25/2022
View: 4562
8-Ball Rules 1. OBJECT OF THE GAME. Eight Ball is a call …
8-Ball Rules. 1. OBJECT OF THE GAME. Eight Ball is a call shot game played with a cue ball and fifteen object balls, numbered 1 through 15. One player must.
Source: www.colorado.edu
Date Published: 2/22/2021
View: 682
Match Rules
This is a single game of 8 Ball Pool between two players, or two teams. E. Match i. This is a series of predetermined number of frames of 8 …
Source: cgi.csc.liv.ac.uk
Date Published: 3/30/2021
View: 4943
8-BALL POOL RULES – EnVivo
8-BALL POOL RULES. Setup. Cue ball break area. Equipment. • White cue ball. • Black 8-ball. • 7 sol (or spots) coloured balls. • Triangle.
Source: envivo.nu
Date Published: 6/22/2022
View: 9226
Monday Night 8 Ball Pool Rules
City Pool League – Monday Night 8 Ball Pool Rules. 1. THE GAME. The game shall be known as 8 Ball Pool and referred to in these rules as “the game”.
Source: citypoolleague.co.uk
Date Published: 1/5/2022
View: 1186
English Pool at Rileys
Play English billiards at Rileys
English billiards is a common name for eight ball billiards played on green cloth with tables either 6ft or 7ft long – shorter than the international standard.
Our English pool tables are popular with league players in the UK and are maintained to the highest standard – there are no shady inclinations and divots here. Simply the perfect surface for players of all skill levels.
8 ball pit rules
Here are the basics of English billiards…
1.Set up the rack like this…
2.The Break – Player A must place the white ball behind the line and hit the pack. At least four balls must hit a ribbon or it’s a foul break.
3. When player A pots on the break while in that suit for the rest of the game. If Player A picks a red and a yellow, Player A can choose which color they want.
4. If no balls are potted after the break, the table is open for Player B to attempt red or yellow. Once either player sinks a ball, it stays on that color and the same player gets another shot. If that player misses, it is the other player’s turn and this continues until one player cleans all of their balls and the eightball. The eight ball must be the last ball pocketed to win the game.
5. In the event of a foul, the opposing player receives two shots and carries those shots (i.e. if a ball is pocketed on the first shot, the player still has two shots). If a player gets two shots, they can pick up the white ball and place it anywhere behind the line.
6. The following shots will be counted as fouls:
a. Hit a ball you shouldn’t hit (e.g. opponent’s color or eight-ball out of order) or miss all balls on the table.
b.Sinking a ball you are not supposed to sink (e.g. opponent color)
c. A ball bouncing off the table
i.e. Pot the white ball
7. If the eight is potted before a player’s suits are potted, that player loses the game.
8. If the player plays on the eight but also fouls, that player loses the game.
US Professional Poolplayers Association
1.0 OBJECTIVE OF THE GAME
The object of 8-ball is to win by legally pocketing the 8-ball.
8-Ball is played with a cue ball and fifteen object balls numbered 1 through 15. Balls 1–7 are solid colored and are commonly referred to as “low balls” and balls 9–15 are striped and are commonly called “high balls.” One player must sink solid balls while the other player sinks the striped balls must sink. The player who sinks their entire group and then legally sinks the 8-ball wins the game.
2.0 DELAY TO BREAK
The player with the lowest speed (rating) breaks first, after which an alternating break format takes place. In the event that two players are playing at the same pace, a “lag for break” determines who breaks first, and thereafter an alternating break format takes place. The winner of the lag is the player whose ball is closer to the head of the rail.
2.1 How to racket
The balls are placed randomly with the base of the rack parallel to the short end of the pool table and positioned so that the ball is in the top of the rack at the center of the toe point. Within the rack, the 8-ball is centered, while the two corners are occupied by the two opposing groups (a solid ball and a striped ball).
NOTE: Tables may have imperfections that do not allow acceptable frames to sit directly on the base. In these cases, players are allowed to rack within a dime radius of direct foot in order to achieve a solid rack. Touching or positioning balls after the rack has been removed is never allowed (except Magic Rack). In this case, the player must hit again (see 9.5, Ball Tapping).
2.2 rack your own
If no official is available, each breaking player is responsible for providing themselves with a legal and solid rack.
3.0 LEGAL BREAKDOWN
For the break shot to be valid, the breaker (with the base of the cue ball being anywhere behind the head string) must either pocket a number ball or hit at least four (4) number balls onto one or more rails. No ball is called and the cue-ball does not have to hit a specific object ball first. If the breaker does not meet the statutory break requirement, balls are replayed and the opponent has the option to break or ask the offending player to break again.
NOTE: The cue ball hits the tip of the cue and does not meet the legal break requirement, this is considered an “illegal break”.
Break fouls include:
When the cue ball is pocketed or driven off the table When a numbered ball leaves the table or comes to rest on a rail.
Course of play after a legal break:
If a numbered ball is pocketed on a legal break, the breaking player must continue his innings.
Foul On Break: If the attacker makes a legal break but commits a foul, play continues while the opponent has control of the ball anywhere behind the headline but must shoot an object ball past the headline (outside the “kitchen ‘) or it’s a foul.
4.0 8-BALL POCKETED ON THE BREAK
4.1 Game Winning
Legally pocketing the 8-Ball on the break wins the game for the breaker.
4.2 Game Loss
Putting the 8-ball in the kick-off with a foul at the same time leads to the loss of the game.
5.0 OPEN TABLE
The table is always open right after the break shot. The player’s designated group (solid or striped) is not determined until a player legally pockets a called object ball. The table is considered an “open” table if the choice of groups (solid or striped) has not yet been determined. When the table is open, it is legal to hit one group of balls to sink another ball from the opposite group.
NOTE: The 8-Ball may be used in a combination as long as it is not hit first; this action would result in a foul.
6.0 CONTINUE GAME – CALL POCKET
8-Ball is a call pocket game and the shooter is encouraged to call all balls along with their intended pocket. However, obvious balls and their respective pockets need not be specified. Any bank shot (object ball to rail), kick shot (rail(s) to object ball), or combination (2 or more balls from each group) must be called into the designated pocket or be counted as a miss. If a player successfully sinks the designated object balls, they continue their innings until either a miss, a foul, or a win occurs.
Call pocket notes:
a) It is never necessary to provide details such as the number of benches, kisses, caroms, rails, etc.
b) All balls pocketed legally or illegally remain pocketed regardless of the group (striped or solid).
c) The kick-off will never be considered a “kick shot”.
d) A ball must hit a rail or go into a pocket after contact with the cue-ball (see 7.4, No Rail).
7.0 Ball in Hand Foul Penalties
If a player commits a ball-in-hand foul, they must forfeit their turn and the incoming player can now place the cue ball anywhere on the table to start their innings. If a player commits more than one foul in a stroke, only one foul will be called.
7.1 Cue Ball Fouls Only
a) Hitting/Touching the Cue-ball: Hitting an object ball in front of or at the same time as hitting the cue-ball is a foul.
Touching or causing even the slightest movement of the cue ball (other than a normal shot), even accidentally, is a foul. A player may use the cue sleeve or cue shaft to position the cue ball when a “cue ball in hand” is in play. Using the point is a foul and the ball in hand is given to the other player.
b) Touching a moving object ball: Touching a moving object ball or hitting a moving ball with a foreign object is a ball-in-hand foul. If the random movement of a ball(s) causes the disrupted ball(s) to be struck by moving balls in play, this results in a ball-in-hand foul.
c) Touching a stationary object ball: A moving stationary object ball may only be returned to its original position with the permission of the opponent. The opponent may exercise the option of holding disrupted balls in a new position if he so chooses. Only after the opponent’s consent may the offending player move the disrupted object ball(s) back to its original position. If the player who committed the offense touches one of the disturbed balls without the opponent’s consent, it will result in a ball-in-hand move loss to the opponent.
NOTE: If the 8-ball is pocketed, the result is a game loss.
7.2 Scratches
Potting the cue ball or knocking it off the table is a ball-in-hand foul. Scratching on the 8 is not a game loss unless the 8 is pocketed.
7.3 Bad Hit
If the first object ball touched by the cue ball is not a numbered ball from the pitcher’s designated group, it is a ball-in-hand foul.
NOTE: If the shooter has no remaining balls from his group in play, the 8-Ball effectively becomes the shooter’s object ball.
7.4 No Rail
If, after the cueball strikes a legal ball, neither the cueball nor any other ball touches a rail or is pocketed, it is a ball-in-hand foul. A “frozen” (touching) object ball on the track does not meet this requirement because it does not “touch” a track.
NOTE: Players are encouraged to acknowledge each other when the object ball has “frozen” (touched) the rail.
7.5 balls off the table
It is a foul to cause a ball to come to rest off the playing surface and such balls are potted. This includes any accidental movement of a ball that results in a ball falling into a pocket. The accidentally potted ball is not put back into play and the incoming player has the cue ball in hand. If a player hits a ball off the table and the ball returns to the playing surface after hitting a person or object, it is a foul (the ball stays on the surface). If no object or person has been touched, normal rules of the game apply once the ball returns to the playing area.
NOTE: If a player removes the 8 ball from the pool table, it results in a game loss.
7.6 feet on the ground
If at least one foot is not on the ground when the tip of the cue hits the cue ball, it is a ball-in-hand foul.
7.7 Jump Shot
Any mistake made on a jump shot is a ball-in-hand foul. A legal jump shot must be made by swiping through the cue ball (no scooping or miscues).
7.8 Moving Ball
Shooting while a ball is moving is a ball-in-hand foul.
7.9 Double Strike
If the front of the game hits the cue ball twice with the same stroke, it is a ball-in-hand foul. To avoid a double hit, the cue ball must be hit at an angle of at least 45° whenever it contacts or comes dangerously close (1/2 inch or closer) to the intended object ball.
NOTE: It is always preferable to call a referee to observe “the hit”. The referee will consider a foul to have been committed if the 45° rule was not applied by the shooter.
7.10 Header
The base of the cue ball must be behind the head string at kick-off or it is a ball-in-hand foul.
7.11 Ball in Hand Placement
Touching an object ball in any way while the cue ball is being placed is a ball-in-hand foul.
7.12 Disruptions
While the shooting player is at the table, the non-shooting player (including teammates) must not interfere in any way, make noise, move, cause distraction (shark). All players must conduct themselves respectfully as a professional, otherwise an “Official Warning” may result from a UPA representative or tournament official, followed by a foul (ball in hand) for interference.
NOTE: It is assumed that the game is between two players and teammates are not allowed to give instructions unless the shooting player requests a rule clarification or a time-out (see 8.6, Coaching Assistance).
7.13 Marking of the table
Marking the table in any way that might give a player an advantage in taking a shot is a foul unless the mark is removed to the satisfaction of the opponent or the referee before the shot is taken.
7.14 Playing out of turn
If/when a player shoots out of turn and the offending shooter is alerted, the legal player must return to the table and continue without penalties/fouls. It is the responsibility of both players to take control of the table in their correct innings.
7.15 Wrong balls holed
If the shooting player is found to have shot the opponent’s designated ball(s) as if they were his own, the shooter must concede the table with ball in hand, foul on opponent.
8.0 GAME LOSS
8.1 Opponent wins
The opponent legally pockets the 8-ball.
8.2 Three Consecutive Fouls – Pro Only
IMPORTANT: This rule does not apply in amateur league play.
If a shooter commits a foul three times in a row without taking a legal shot in between, the result is a game loss. The three consecutive fouls must occur in the same game. After the 2nd foul has been committed, the opponent must verbally warn the shooter that he has committed his 2nd foul. A third foul results in game loss.
NOTE: If the shooter is not cautioned after the 2nd foul and commits a 3rd foul, it is not a game loss. The opponent must again warn the shooter that the next foul committed will result in a game loss.
8.3 Abandoning a Game
Concession of a game or games in tournament play is never recommended. The shooting player must complete his innings or the result is a game loss for the retiring player. Any conceding of the game, for whatever reason, will be considered a loss to the offending player.
8.4 Concession of a Game
Unscrewing cues during the last game, putting on a jacket, leaving the room, or taking any other action that indicates the game is over is considered a game loss (contact a UPA representative or a tournament officials).
8.5 Ball tapping
Hitting balls is not permitted. After the offender has been given an “Official Warning” by a UPA representative or tournament official, the penalty for tapping the ball is forfeiture of the current game. Only tournament officials may tap balls when justified.
8.6 Coaching Support
During his innings and only once per game, only the kicking player may call a “time-out” lasting no more than two (2) minutes. During this time, the player may receive instructions from an available teammate. Otherwise, a player receiving advice (at any time) will award the opponent a ball-in-hand foul. And on the second (2nd) offense, the game in progress is granted in favor of the opponent by a forfait.
Calling a Time-Out: When the shooting player calls a “time-out,” they must select an available team member to assist them immediately without consulting other parties.
8.7 Losses
Players will be allotted fifteen (15) minutes to start their match or the match will be forfeited.
NOTE: Once a match is scheduled to begin and a fifteen (15) minute count is desired, the opponent must notify a tournament official or UPA representative for an official count.
9.0 GENERAL POOL RULES
9.1 shot clock
Implementation of the shot clock is at the sole discretion of the UPA, its agents or tournament officials. If a shot clock is used, it must be used for both players as follows:
Each player who shoots will be allotted one (1) minute per shot, or the opponent will be awarded a ball in hand foul. The shot clock begins when all balls come to rest. The timekeeper (designated by the UPA) must call “Ten Seconds” once the fifty (50) second mark has been reached, unless the shooter is on the shot in preparation for shooting. Once one (1) minute is reached on the shot clock, the shooter must have either batted or shot. If the shooter stands up (takes the shot) after reaching the 1 minute mark without taking an action, it will result in a “ball in hand” foul on the opponent.
9.2 Shared Hits
If the cue ball hits a legal object ball and an illegal object ball at about the same time and it cannot be determined with certainty which ball was hit first, the pitcher is decided in favor of the thrower.
9.3 Ball bounces off pocket
Balls must remain in a pocket to be considered holed. If a ball goes into a pocket and rebounds onto the playing surface, it is not considered pocketed. If it’s the 9 ball, it’s not a win. If it’s the cue ball, it’s not a scratch. Clearing pockets that are full or nearly full of balls is the responsibility of the shooting player.
9.4 Hanging Ball
If a ball is stuck in a pocket and falls within 5 seconds of coming to full rest, the ball is considered pocketed. If a hanging ball falls into the pocket after being at rest for more than 5 seconds, the ball will be returned to its original position on the edge and the incoming player can start. Both players have the opportunity to argue their case. The referee’s decision is final.
9.5 Suspended Balls
If one or more balls in a pocket become stuck behind the edge of the slate because they are partially supported by other balls that have been holed, it is considered holed if removal of the supporting balls would result in the supported/pinned balls entering the pocket fall. Tournament officials are the sole judges of whether this rule applies to a situation.
9.6 Familiarization
A ball can settle slightly after appearing to have stopped, possibly due to minor imperfections in the fabric or tabletop. Unless this results in a ball falling into a pocket, this is considered a normal obstacle in play and is not moved back. If a ball falls into a pocket as a result of such landing, it is replaced as close as possible to its original position at the edge of the pocket. If a ball falls into a pocket during or just before a shot and affects the shot, the referee will return the ball to its original position and the shot will be retaken. Players will not be penalized for shooting while a ball is steadying.
9.7 Jump Shots
It is legal to force the cue ball to leave the surface of the table by lifting the end of the cue and using a downward stroke to force the cue ball to rise off the playing surface. For the shot to be legal, only the tip of the cue may touch the cue ball – the shot may not be “scooped” by the ferrule or shaft. Any mistake made on a jump shot is a ball-in-hand foul. A legal jump cue must be at least 40 inches long and constructed in typical cue style.
NOTE: Standard jump cues are accepted, including phenolic tips. However, notices that do not look typical must be accepted and approved by the UPA.
9.8 Use of Equipment
All devices customary in the industry are permitted. However, using equipment in a non-conventional manner is never allowed and constitutes a foul. It is the shooting player’s responsibility to know the intended use of each piece of equipment: the bridge, jump cues, extensions, etc.
NOTE: The use of headphones and other devices is not permitted. The use of racks and balls not provided by the venue must be agreed by both players.
9.9 SAFETY GAME
A player may elect to pot an object ball and abandon their inning by declaring “safety” to the opponent prior to the shot. The player who yells “safety” must be certain that the opponent is aware of the declaration, or he could be forced to continue play after a ball has been pocketed.
9.10 stalemate
If for 3 consecutive innings by each player the players intentionally foul or claw because both players agree that any attempt to sink or move an object ball would result in a game loss, then the game is deemed a stalemate and another game played .
10.0 TOURNAMENT DIRECTOR/REFEREE
10.1 Player Responsibility
It is each Member’s responsibility to be aware of all rules, regulations and schedules relating to the Contest. The Tournament Director will make all reasonable efforts to make the information readily available to all players; However, ultimate responsibility rests with each individual player. There is no recourse if a player does not receive correct or complete information.
NOTE: Players can always ask for clarification on the rules during league play. This does not count as a “time out”.
10.2 Arbitrators
The League Operator (or agent) assumes the duties of an umpire in the event umpires are employed or absent. If the Tournament Director, his assistants, or a judge cannot be found within a reasonable timeframe, a spectator may step in as the official judge if agreed by both players and in accordance with UPA Rules.
10.3 Games without a referee
If a referee or tournament official is not available, in-game players are responsible for throwing balls, observing/calling fouls (including themselves) and ensuring that UPA competition rules are followed. Both players may agree that an audience member (who is familiar with UPA rules) will step in and perform all tournament official duties.
10.4 Questionable Shot
If there is a shot that could be a questionable hit or foul, the seated player is responsible for calling a tournament official or an agreed third party (3rd) to observe the hit before the opponent shoots. After the notification, the player must wait at the table for an “official” to observe the shot. If a player is unsure whether a rule has been broken, it is also their responsibility to seek immediate clarification from league officials or the rule book before play resumes. After the game has continued, it is unlikely that any problem can be fixed.
NOTE: If no tournament official or third party (3rd) party has been appointed, “the call” is left to the shooter without further discussion.
10.5 Rating
Players are encouraged to score their own matches to ensure accuracy, however a 3rd is allowed. The scorer is required to record exactly what actually happened on the pool table and can clarify with the shooter what the intent was whenever necessary. A player always has the right to see the scorecard at the scorekeeper. Any disagreements will be resolved by a UPA representative.
NOTE: If it is assumed that a player intentionally calls a pocket but actually plays a safe, then a safety (S) must be recorded.
10.6 Advice vs Rule Clarification
The referee must never give advice or give an opinion on game points. Only when asked to clarify a rule will the referee explain that particular rule. Any false statement by the referee does not protect a player from enforcing the rule proper. Upon request, the referee must tell both players the score, whether the cue ball is frozen to an object ball or rail, etc. If the referee sees a foul being committed by either player, he may not say foul until after the game, since any warning before the foul would constitute “advice” from the referee.
10.7 Request for Official Warnings
If either player considers that the Referee is failing to issue a mandatory “Official Warning”, he may remind the Referee that such a warning is necessary.
10.8 Calling fouls
The referee flags any fouls as they occur and informs the oncoming player that he has ball in hand.
10.9 Protesting Fouls
If a player believes that the referee has not called a foul, he must protest to the referee before his opponent takes the next shot. If the player fails to do so, the foul is deemed not to have been committed.
10.10 Recovery Position
If necessary, the referee will use his best efforts to return disturbed balls to their original position. If the referee is unsure of the original positions, he may seek information to that end. If the balls were disrupted by a player in play, the opponent has the opportunity to prevent recovery. If the balls were disturbed by someone else, the referee must restore the balls. In this case, the referee may instruct the shooter to retake the shot after recovery if the external interference affected the outcome of the shot. If not, the referee will instruct the shooter to continue play after recovery.
10.11 Review
The referee may use any means to gather the information necessary to make a decision on a disputed game or game situation.
10.12 Replay of the Game
A replay of the game is only guaranteed in the following unique circumstances;
table error; torn cloth, balls stuck in pocket, etc.
10.13 Dispute Resolution
Any disagreements between the two players will be settled by the league operator or appointed representatives or an administrative member of the UPA.
11.0 SPECIAL RULES
Any rule or situation not addressed in this text must be decided in a reasonable manner by the League Operator, UPA’s appointed agent or board of directors in accordance with the UPA’s ideals and policies in order for the League to proceed. Such appropriate decisions must then be communicated to the management of the UPA Corporate Office and its touring professionals before any further direction or implementation of the matter is complete.
11.1 Articles of Association
These rules are uniform across the country and may not be changed in any way, shape or form. The implementation of “Bylaws” or any other document is strictly prohibited by UPA Corporate Headquarters.
11.2 Addendum
From time to time, the UPA may issue an addendum to the UPA Official Rulebook and it is the responsibility of each member and individual player to keep it up to date.
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