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How do I know if I have Irlen Syndrome?
Symptoms of Irlen Syndrome. Light Sensitivity: Bothered by glare, fluorescent lights, bright lights, sunlight and sometimes lights at night. Some individuals experience physical symptoms and feel tired, sleepy, dizzy, anxious, or irritable.
How do they test for Irlen Syndrome?
The Irlen Method is a two-step process: problem identification and color identification and requires two testing sessions. Family members participate with their children in the evaluation process.
How much does Irlen testing cost?
Assessments to identify the optimal color, hue and saturation are performed by certified diagnosticians, and lenses are dyed to suit individual specifications. The cost of comprehensive evaluation and to have lenses dyed by technicians at the Irlen Institute runs $500 to $600.
Is Irlen Syndrome a disability?
It’s not. Irlen Syndrome is a neurologic condition resulting in an over-active or over-stimulated brain. This extra brain activity affects lots of different areas of functioning including: health and well-being, attention, concentration, behavior, depth perception, and academic performance.
Is Irlen Syndrome like dyslexia?
Irlen syndrome is a proposed perceptual processing disorder characterized by visual distortions while reading. Patients with this syndrome may experience light sensitivity, visual stress, and other related problems such as dyslexia.
How rare is Irlen Syndrome?
Irlen syndrome affects 14 percent of the population and is more common than asthma and heart disease. Irlen syndrome impacts the brain’s ability to process visual information, affecting daily functioning.
Can you get Irlen Syndrome as an adult?
Irlen Syndrome is a visual perceptual processing disorder that can affect children and adults of all ages. It is a difficulty with the brain’s ability to accurately process visual information. It has been the subject of medical and educational research and is a recognised syndrome with a physiological basis.
Can you grow out of Irlen Syndrome?
A number of students who come to see us have been taken to an optometrist because of their reading problems. This is usually in response to teachers advising parents to get their eyes checked.
Who tests for Irlens?
Screenings are carried out by specialist Irlen® screeners. They will carry out a screening to identify symptoms and determine how symptoms are impacting upon daily life. Irlen Screeners are trained to determine whether an individual has a profile consistent with Irlen Syndrome or not and advise accordingly.
Is Irlen Syndrome Recognised by the NHS?
People with the condition often find coloured overlays, either as glasses or lenses, help their vision. But Irlen is not yet recognised or properly defined as a medical condition and the NHS in Wales does not fund assessments although tests are available from some high street opticians.
Can Irlen Syndrome get worse?
Children with severe Irlen Syndrome will experience symptoms quickly. For some, symptoms may begin immediately. Symptoms will get worse the longer your child continues to engage in visual activity. The impact that Irlen tinted glasses have had on my family’s life is immeasurable.
Is Irlen Syndrome covered by insurance?
Irlen Syndrome is unfortunately not covered by medical insurance. Irlen screenings are $250 and include your overlays. Irlen diagnostics are $350 and include your lens colors and a short report. Irlen lenses in your frames usually run about $300.
Is Irlen Syndrome autism?
Irlen syndrome is a difficulty with visual perceptual processing and is not an ‘eye’ problem. It affects well over half of autistic people but also occurs in approximately 15% of the neuro-typical population.
Can’t read black on white?
If it is too sensitive to a black/white contrast, you will get this effect, known as contrast sensitivity. It is also called visual stress or Irlen Syndrome after Helen Irlen who first discovered it in the 1980’s.
When you read words jump around?
How do you know if you have Visual Stress? Symptoms vary , but can include headaches and migraines (especially when working at the computer), eyestrain, and words or letters appearing to “jump” or move on the page.
Is Irlen Syndrome a form of autism?
Irlen syndrome is a difficulty with visual perceptual processing and is not an ‘eye’ problem. It affects well over half of autistic people but also occurs in approximately 15% of the neuro-typical population.
How do you get Irlen Syndrome?
IRLEN SYNDROME IS A PERCEPTUAL PROCESSING DISORDER
This problem tends to run in families and is not currently identified by standardized educational, psychological, optometric, or medical tests.
Can you grow out of Irlen Syndrome?
A number of students who come to see us have been taken to an optometrist because of their reading problems. This is usually in response to teachers advising parents to get their eyes checked.
Is Irlen Syndrome the same as visual stress?
Visual stress, also known as Irlen syndrome or Meares-Irlen syndrome, is not an optical problem, but a problem relating to perceptual processing (i.e. the brain’s ability to process visual information). For example, eye strain may result from reading or you may develop headaches from certain visual patterns.
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What is Irlen Syndrome?
What is Irlen Syndrome?
Irlen Syndrome (also referred to at times as Meares-Irlen Syndrome, Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome, and Visual Stress) is a perceptual processing disorder. It is not an optical problem. It is a problem with the brain’s ability to process visual information. This problem tends to run in families and is not currently identified by other standardized educational or medical tests.
“Irlen Syndrome: A Teen’s Summary by David Accola”
Irlen Syndrome can affect many different areas, including:
Academic and work performance
Behavior
Attention
Ability to sit still
Concentration
This problem can manifest itself differently for each individual. This problem is not remediable and is often a lifetime barrier to learning and performance. If you suffer from any of the following, Irlen Syndrome might be your problem:
Print looks different
Environment looks different
Slow or inefficient reading
Poor comprehension
Eye strain
Fatigue
Headaches
Difficulty with math computation
Difficulty copying
Difficulty reading music
Poor sports performance
Poor depth-perception
Low motivation
Low self-esteem
Symptoms of Irlen Syndrome
Light Sensitivity:
Bothered by glare, fluorescent lights , bright lights, sunlight and sometimes lights at night
, bright lights, sunlight and sometimes lights at night Some individuals experience physical symptoms and feel tired, sleepy, dizzy, anxious, or irritable. Others experience headaches, mood changes, restlessness or have difficulty staying focused, especially with bright or fluorescent lights.
Read more about light sensitivity and the Irlen Method >>
Reading Problems:
Poor comprehension
Misreads words
Problems tracking from line to line
Reads in dim light
Skips words or lines
Reads slowly or hesitantly
Takes breaks
Loses place
Avoids reading
Discomfort:
Strain and fatigue
Tired or sleepy
Headaches or nausea
Fidgety or restless
Eyes that hurt or become watery
Attention and Concentration Problems:
Problems with concentration when reading and doing academic tasks
Often people can appear to have other conditions, such as attention deficit disorder, and are given medication unnecessarily.
Writing Problems:
Trouble copying
Unequal spacing
Unequal letter size
Writing up or downhill
Inconsistent spelling
Other Characteristics:
Strain or fatigue from computer use
Difficulty reading music
Sloppy, careless math errors
Misaligned numbers in columns
Ineffective use of study time
Lack of motivation
Grades do not reflect the amount of effort
Depth Perception:
Clumsiness
Difficulty catching balls
Difficulty judging distances
Additional caution necessary while driving
Distortions:
Testing & Treatment
The Irlen Method is a two-step process: problem identification and color identification and requires two testing sessions. Family members participate with their children in the evaluation process. The color (which is different for each person) is the key to the success of the program and can only be determined after a diagnostic assessment performed by a certified educational professional trained in the Irlen Method.
The first testing session determines whether you have Irlen Syndrome and can be helped by the Irlen Method’s color technology. In this session, we determine how severe your problem is and whether color can help eliminate your difficulties. Your correct colored overlay combination is determined at this time. Both certified Irlen Screeners and Diagnosticians can test for colored overlays.
The second testing session is only for individuals who show moderate to significant improvement with colored overlays. In this session, we target the precise wave lengths of light causing your problems by using a limitless number of color filter combinations. Your precision color is worn as glasses or contact lenses. The color worn as glasses will not be the same as your plastic overlay color. If your problems are related to math computation, copying, depth perception, light sensitivity, and headaches, colored glasses are your best treatment option because they correct problems with the printed page and also the environment.
Importantly, wearing the wrong color can actually cause or worsen your problems. The testing to identify your correct colored glasses can only be conducted by Certified Irlen Diagnosticians/Clinics.
Colored lenses provided by optometrists and vision specialists to treat reading problems are NOT the same as the Irlen Method. These professionals do not have the right colors, or diagnostic process for color selection. Inaccurate colour selection can result in headaches, eye strain, and fragmented brain processing resulting in more distortions and reading problems.
Looking at Irlen syndrome through a different lens
Call it mother’s intuition, but Maria Hill knew something was up with her son.
He was having headaches, struggling academically and missing words when reading. When he read aloud, he would make up words to replace ones he didn’t see. He also claimed the words would move.
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“He would see one word, and the rest would run off the page,” she said.
As second grade at Petty Elementary in Antioch, Ill., drew to a close with his grades slipping, Hill wanted to get to the bottom of what was going on with Reino.
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Months later, she got an answer. He was diagnosed with Irlen syndrome, a perceptual-processing disorder that is said to be caused by the brain’s inability to process wavelengths of light and ultimately visual information.
The condition is considered controversial, drawing criticism from some in the medical and academic communities who question its very existence.
For 10-year-old Reino and others, the solution was as simple and inexpensive as a colored overlay.
For most people, reading black characters on a white background isn’t a problem. But for people with Irlen syndrome, or scotopic sensitivity, reading can be disorienting or even painful. In severe cases, words can transform into a confusing, disorganized sea of letters. Others see objects as closer or farther away than they actually are, or in different locations entirely. Symptoms compare with those of sports-related concussions.
Until Helen Irlen’s research at California State University at Long Beach in the 1980s, remedies were largely unidentified.
Using a federal grant to test a dominant-eye theory with red and green lenses, she discovered that individuals showed a marked improvement in reading when words were covered with colored acetate sheets or overlays. Further testing led to the use of precision-tinted filters and to development of screening methods to identify the disability and determine the color that provides maximum relief.
“I was going beyond what was considered a reasonable theory,” Irlen said.
The basic principle is that specific wavelengths of light disrupt visual processing. The condition, primarily hereditary, usually manifests itself in early childhood and is caused by a defect in one of the visual pathways that carries messages from the eyes to the brain. It’s a timing fault.
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“It’s like static on a radio,” Irlen said. “It causes visual distortions like optical illusions.”
That’s why children and adults diagnosed with the disorder also can have spatial difficulties, depth-perception problems or poor coordination. Milder symptoms include distractibility, drowsiness, headaches, fatigue and nausea.
According to Irlen, filtering out disruptive wavelengths on the visual spectrum allows pathways to function normally, and information is processed efficiently and accurately. Irlen symptoms are most evident indoors when reading on white paper, on illuminated computer screens or under fluorescent lighting.
With initial screenings between $75 and $100 and colored overlays a few dollars apiece, the decision to give it a try was a no-brainer for Hill.
“Why not?” she said. “I think the cost is well worth the try. There’re no needles, no medications.”
Severe cases often require a secondary evaluation to fit individuals with glasses or contacts with precision-tinted lenses. Assessments to identify the optimal color, hue and saturation are performed by certified diagnosticians, and lenses are dyed to suit individual specifications. The cost of comprehensive evaluation and to have lenses dyed by technicians at the Irlen Institute runs $500 to $600.
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Preliminary self-tests to see if Irlen syndrome might be a factor are available free online at irlen.com.
Michelle Ruminski, also of Antioch, tried for years to find a remedy to help son Tom with his struggles with reading and “crazy calculation errors” in math. Like Reino, Tom’s troubles began in second grade and included headaches, but Tom’s writing also was affected.
“He would stare at the page,” she said. “He had great ideas and expressed them beautifully. However, when he would try to write them on the page, it’s like he couldn’t get them out. They were stuck in translation.”
He also had trouble with widely used Scantron answer sheets for standardized tests. The rules and bubbles were distracting.
For years they visited psychologists and optometrists, and eventually he was prescribed vision therapy, an expensive alternative that can cost thousands of dollars. For the Ruminskis, it was not covered by insurance because it was considered “experimental treatment,” so they paid out of pocket.
After fourth grade, Tom was screened for Irlen syndrome and given a turquoise-tinted overlay. It had an immediate impact. His reading rate improved by more than 60 words a minute in less than a week.
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“We were all absolutely astonished,” Michelle Ruminski said.
A year later he was fitted with tinted-lens glasses.
Michelle and her husband, Ron, didn’t stop there. They removed all fluorescent lighting in their house and made sure Tom could wear his tinted glasses in school and get a seat assignment that minimized glare and distractions. They also requested that classwork be printed on colored paper if he doesn’t have his glasses.
“I know there are many skeptics about the validity of Irlen filters and their effectiveness. Let them doubt,” Ruminski said. “I have seen what a huge difference that this simple intervention has made for my child and I am a believer.”
Treatment for Irlen syndrome — even its existence — is not without critics.
In 2011, researchers at the University of Edinburgh performed trials on children ages 7-12 with reading difficulties using the Irlen method and said their data suggests “overlays do not have any demonstrable immediate effect on reading in children with reading difficulties.”
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Dr. Stuart Ritchie, a researcher who worked on the study, said using colored lenses is a classic example of “cart before the horse,” a treatment on sale for a disorder that is not well defined. He added that it’s also difficult to test in a controlled environment because of the placebo effect.
“It’s very difficult to do research on a subjective phenomenon, like the removal of distortions,” Ritche said by email. “I’d want to see large-scale, placebo-controlled, longitudinal studies in reading ability across time.
Irlen, a graduate and former instructor at Cornell University, refutes the criticism, saying her method is designed to relieve perception problems that can diminish reading skills. She points to more than 60 studies in academic and scientific journals that support the use of colored filters.
In 2004, independent research by Dr. Daniel Amen at the Amen Clinic in Irvine, Calif., used brain scans to demonstrate differences in the brain’s ability to function using colored filters. The brain-mapping technology showed that areas of the brain were significantly overstimulated and activity in the cerebellum (the area that helps integrate information) was decreased in untreated individuals with the disorder. Scans from individuals using colored filters showed more balanced activity and “normalization” of brain function.
Irlen, whose Irlen Institute is based in Long Beach, Calif., and has 170 affiliated clinics in 46 countries, said she isn’t surprised that more people in the medical community haven’t embraced her methods.
“When you’re doing something outside the establishment, they think it’s a gimmick,” she said. “They think all (reading) problems are solved with practice and repetition. (But) we have 30 years and millions of kids as proof.”
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Professional athletes in the NFL and NHL who have suffered concussions have endorsed the use of Irlen filters, and school districts in California, Florida and Texas have added Irlen testing and training programs to their curriculums.
Nicole Kirby, a first-grade teacher at St. Stanislaus Kostka School in Chicago, had a student who was diagnosed with Irlen syndrome, and she wasn’t sure what to make of it when approached by the parent to use colored paper for class assignments.
“I was a little skeptical at first,” she said. “It almost sounds silly that a colored page can make a difference, but it does. It’s definitely something I’ll keep in mind and be aware of. If a student is struggling, it could be something like this.”
Bonnie Bartels, an education counselor in Des Moines, Iowa, became an Irlen diagnostician about 10 years ago after her college-aged sons were diagnosed with the syndrome. She now conducts screenings and tint assessments with clients across five states.
Lately, Bartels said, she has seen more cases with veterans who served in Iraq and Afghanistan. Often they take medications to curb light sensitivity and other Irlen-like symptoms after traumatic brain injuries. Some turn to drugs or alcohol to dull the symptoms, Bartels said. For them, the Irlen filters often become a lifeline to normalcy.
“It’s the ultimate (tool),” she said. “My office seems to be their last hope.”
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Reino Hill wasn’t sure when he started having trouble reading, it just kind of crept up on him.
He started experiencing “ping-pong” headaches, with pain ricocheting back and forth in his head, and his reading was becoming choppy. Words were disappearing. He stopped playing sports because he was having trouble seeing the ball.
Maria attended a seminar by Julie Yepsen, a certified Irlen diagnostician in Gurnee, Ill., and decided to have Reino evaluated. After testing positive, they visited Bartels and he was fitted for blueish-tinted lenses. His symptoms began to fade almost immediately.
“It was a life changer,” Maria Hill said. “If it wasn’t for those glasses, he’d be in big trouble.”
“I’m able to concentrate with what I’m looking at,” said Reino, pausing, “And I can play more video games.”
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By the numbers
$75-100
Cost of an initial evaluation for Irlen syndrome by a designated screener to determine if filters can provide a benefit. Color-tinted overlays are provided.
$500-$600
Cost of an evaluation by a certified diagnostician to determine the precise color or blend of colors for glasses or contacts. Lenses are dyed at the Irlen Institute and returned in approximately two to three weeks.
2.6 million
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Estimated number of children aged 6 through 11 who are thought to have learning disabilities, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics.
46 percent
Percentage of individuals diagnosed with reading and learning disabilities that are affected by Irlen syndrome.
Source: Pediatrics, July 2009; irlen.com
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