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What is Python freeze?

Freeze is a “pure Python” utility that ships with Python. You can use Freeze to compile executables for Unix systems. If you want to write Python, but you don’t know if your clients have Python installed, use this!

What is Python pip freeze?

pip freeze is a very useful command, because it tells you which modules you’ve installed with pip install and the versions of these modules that you are currently have installed on your computer. In Python, there’s a lot of things that may be incompatible, such as certain modules being incompatible with other modules.

Should I use pip freeze?

pip freeze might seem very useful initially but it can mess up your project because of the following reasons: It dumps all the libraries installed in your project including dependencies and sub-dependencies in the requirements. txt file. It still misses out on the libraries that are not installed using pip.

How do I freeze Python requirements?

The most common command is pip freeze > requirements. txt , which records an environment’s current package list into requirements. txt. If you want to install the dependencies in a virtual environment, create and activate that environment first, then use the Install from requirements.

Can I run Python without installing?

The only realistic way to run a script on Windows without installing Python, is to use py2exe to package it into an executable. Py2exe in turn examines your script, and embeds the proper modules and a python interpreter to run it.

Where is freeze py?

It’s where it’s always been, under Tools/ in the source distribution. And if you don’t have a Tools folder: apt-get install python2.

How do I undo a pip freeze?

“how to remove pip freeze” Code Answer’s
  1. pip freeze > requirements. txt.
  2. pip uninstall -r requirements. txt.
  3. pip uninstall -r requirements. txt -y.

How do I get pip in Python?

Ensure you can run pip from the command line

Run python get-pip.py . 2 This will install or upgrade pip. Additionally, it will install setuptools and wheel if they’re not installed already.

How do I freeze pip without version?

All you need is to install pip-chill from PyPI and run pip-chill from your Python environment. If you are feeling adventurous and don’t want to pin versions (or want to use pip-compile), you can use pip-chill –no-version and it’ll give you the minimal requirements for your current environment.

Should I use pip or Pipenv?

While pip can install Python packages, Pipenv is recommended as it’s a higher-level tool that simplifies dependency management for common use cases. This does a user installation to prevent breaking any system-wide packages.

Does Python install pip?

PIP is automatically installed with Python 2.7. 9+ and Python 3.4+ and it comes with the virtualenv and pyvenv virtual environments.

What does freeze requirements mean?

Their understandable reaction is to want to “freeze the requirements,” prohibiting further changes to the requirements until after they have implemented what they’d already been assigned to deliver.

How do I clean up my text requirements?

txt, you can use the “Sync Python Requirements” tool (under the Tools menu) to find and remove unused packages (check the “Remove unused requirements” box). This could be a nightmare if you “inspect” a project and contain the whole dependencies inside of it, so delete the dependencies (if you have a virtual env.

How does pip work in Python?

The pip command looks for the package in PyPI, resolves its dependencies, and installs everything in your current Python environment to ensure that requests will work. The pip install <package> command always looks for the latest version of the package and installs it.

Where does pip install?

To install modules locally, you need to create and activate what is called a virtual environment, so pip install installs to the folder where that virtual environment is located, instead of globally (which may require administrator privileges).

What is CX freeze?

cx_Freeze is a set of scripts and modules for freezing Python scripts into executables, in much the same way that py2exe and py2app do. Unlike these two tools, cx_Freeze is cross-platform and should work on any platform that Python itself works on. It supports Python 2.7 or higher (including Python 3).

Which is better py2exe or PyInstaller?

In PyInstaller it is easy to create one exe, By default both create a bunch of exes & dlls. In py2exe its easier to embed manifest file in exe, useful for run as administrator mode in windows vista and beyond. Pyinstaller is modular and has a feature of hooks to include files in the build that you like.

How do you use CX freeze?

There are three different ways to use cx_Freeze:
  1. Use the included cxfreeze script.
  2. Create a setup script. This is useful if you need extra options when freezing your program, because you can save them in the script. …
  3. Work directly with the classes and modules used internally by cx_Freeze.

What is meant by frozen binary file?

Frozen binaries bundles together the byte code of our program files, along with the PVM interpreter and any Python support files our program needs, into a single package, a single binary executable program like .exe file on Windows. In other words, the byte code and PVM are merged into a single component.

Python Basics Tutorial How to Use Pip Freeze to Create Requirements File
Python Basics Tutorial How to Use Pip Freeze to Create Requirements File

pip freeze – pip documentation v22.2

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Usage#

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pip freeze - pip documentation v22.2
pip freeze – pip documentation v22.2

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pip freeze – pip documentation v22.2

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  • Summary of article content: Articles about pip freeze – pip documentation v22.2 pip freeze only installs those packages which were installed using the pip install command. However, pip is not the only python package manager. …
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Usage#

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Fixing “Permission denied” errors#

pip freeze - pip documentation v22.2
pip freeze – pip documentation v22.2

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Freeze – Python Wiki

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pip freeze Command in Python

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pip freeze Command in Python
pip freeze Command in Python

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pip freeze Command in Python

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pip freeze Command in Python
pip freeze Command in Python

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Manage Python package dependencies – Visual Studio (Windows) | Microsoft Docs

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  • Summary of article content: Articles about Manage Python package dependencies – Visual Studio (Windows) | Microsoft Docs Updating …
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Check all installed Python packages with pip list/freeze | note.nkmk.me

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  • Summary of article content: Articles about Check all installed Python packages with pip list/freeze | note.nkmk.me In pip, the package management system for Python, you can check the list of installed packages with pip list and pip freeze commands. …
  • Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for Check all installed Python packages with pip list/freeze | note.nkmk.me In pip, the package management system for Python, you can check the list of installed packages with pip list and pip freeze commands. In pip, the package management system for Python, you can check the list of installed packages with pip list and pip freeze commands.With pip list, it is possible to select and output the latest version (= up-to-date) packages, non-latest version (= outdated) packages, packages that are not dependen…
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Difference between pip list and pip freeze

Select the output format –format

List up-to-date packages -u –uptodate

List outdated packages -o –outdated

List packages that are not dependencies of other packages –not-required

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python – Pip freeze vs. pip list – Stack Overflow

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Freezing Your Code — The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Python

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Alternatives to Freezing¶

Comparison of Freezing Tools¶

Windows¶

OS X¶

Linux¶

Freezing Your Code — The Hitchhiker's Guide to Python
Freezing Your Code — The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Python

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Freeze – Python Wiki

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pip freeze — pip 10.0.0.dev0 documentation

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Usage¶

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Manage Python package dependencies – Visual Studio (Windows) | Microsoft Docs

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freeze-requirements · PyPI

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pip documentation v22.2

Exclude specified package from the output

Do not skip these packages in the output: wheel, distribute, setuptools, pip

Restrict to the specified installation path for listing packages (can be used multiple times).

If in a virtualenv that has global access, do not output globally-installed packages.

Use the order in the given requirements file and its comments when generating output. This option can be used multiple times.

Generate a requirements file and then install from it in another environment.

Fixing “Permission denied:” errors#

The purpose of this section of documentation is to provide practical suggestions to users seeing a “Permission denied” error on pip freeze .

This error occurs, for instance, when the command is installed only for another user, and the current user doesn’t have the permission to execute the other user’s command.

To solve that issue, you can try one of the following:

Python Wiki

Freeze

Freeze is a “pure Python” utility that ships with Python. You can use Freeze to compile executables for Unix systems.

If you want to write Python, but you don’t know if your clients have Python installed, use this!

How to Use

Create a Python program, “hello.py”

1 print ” Hello, World! ”

Then find freeze.py on your system, and invoke it in a directory that you don’t mind filling up with .c files:

$ python freeze.py hello.py

With Debian, for example, dpkg -S freeze.py yields a current package name, which is, as of the time of writing this, python2.4-examples.

On my system, at least, the output is this:

Name File —- —- m BaseHTTPServer /usr/lib/python2.3/BaseHTTPServer.py m FixTk /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-tk/FixTk.py m SocketServer /usr/lib/python2.3/SocketServer.py m StringIO /usr/lib/python2.3/StringIO.py m Tkconstants /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-tk/Tkconstants.py m Tkinter /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-tk/Tkinter.py m UserDict /usr/lib/python2.3/UserDict.py m __builtin__ m __main__ hello.py m _codecs m _locale /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/_locale.so m _random /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/_random.so m _socket /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/_socket.so m _sre m _ssl /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/_ssl.so m _tkinter /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/_tkinter.so m array /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/array.so m atexit /usr/lib/python2.3/atexit.py m base64 /usr/lib/python2.3/base64.py m binascii /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/binascii.so m cStringIO /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/cStringIO.so m codecs /usr/lib/python2.3/codecs.py m copy /usr/lib/python2.3/copy.py m copy_reg /usr/lib/python2.3/copy_reg.py m dis /usr/lib/python2.3/dis.py P distutils /usr/lib/python2.3/distutils/__init__.py m distutils.dep_util /usr/lib/python2.3/distutils/dep_util.py m distutils.errors /usr/lib/python2.3/distutils/errors.py m distutils.log /usr/lib/python2.3/distutils/log.py m distutils.spawn /usr/lib/python2.3/distutils/spawn.py m distutils.util /usr/lib/python2.3/distutils/util.py m dummy_thread /usr/lib/python2.3/dummy_thread.py P encodings /usr/lib/python2.3/encodings/__init__.py m encodings.aliases /usr/lib/python2.3/encodings/aliases.py m errno m exceptions m fcntl /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/fcntl.so m fnmatch /usr/lib/python2.3/fnmatch.py m formatter /usr/lib/python2.3/formatter.py m ftplib /usr/lib/python2.3/ftplib.py m getopt /usr/lib/python2.3/getopt.py m getpass /usr/lib/python2.3/getpass.py m glob /usr/lib/python2.3/glob.py m gopherlib /usr/lib/python2.3/gopherlib.py m htmlentitydefs /usr/lib/python2.3/htmlentitydefs.py m htmllib /usr/lib/python2.3/htmllib.py m httplib /usr/lib/python2.3/httplib.py m imp m inspect /usr/lib/python2.3/inspect.py m linecache /usr/lib/python2.3/linecache.py m locale /usr/lib/python2.3/locale.py m macpath /usr/lib/python2.3/macpath.py m macurl2path /usr/lib/python2.3/macurl2path.py m markupbase /usr/lib/python2.3/markupbase.py m marshal m math /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/math.so m mimetools /usr/lib/python2.3/mimetools.py m mimetypes /usr/lib/python2.3/mimetypes.py m ntpath /usr/lib/python2.3/ntpath.py m nturl2path /usr/lib/python2.3/nturl2path.py m opcode /usr/lib/python2.3/opcode.py m os /usr/lib/python2.3/os.py m os2emxpath /usr/lib/python2.3/os2emxpath.py m popen2 /usr/lib/python2.3/popen2.py m posix m posixpath /usr/lib/python2.3/posixpath.py m pwd /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/pwd.so m py_compile /usr/lib/python2.3/py_compile.py m pydoc /usr/lib/python2.3/pydoc.py m quopri /usr/lib/python2.3/quopri.py m random /usr/lib/python2.3/random.py m re /usr/lib/python2.3/re.py m repr /usr/lib/python2.3/repr.py m rfc822 /usr/lib/python2.3/rfc822.py m select /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/select.so m sgmllib /usr/lib/python2.3/sgmllib.py m site /usr/lib/python2.3/site.py m socket /usr/lib/python2.3/socket.py m sre /usr/lib/python2.3/sre.py m sre_compile /usr/lib/python2.3/sre_compile.py m sre_constants /usr/lib/python2.3/sre_constants.py m sre_parse /usr/lib/python2.3/sre_parse.py m stat /usr/lib/python2.3/stat.py m string /usr/lib/python2.3/string.py m strop /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/strop.so m sys m tempfile /usr/lib/python2.3/tempfile.py m termios /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/termios.so m thread m threading /usr/lib/python2.3/threading.py m time /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/time.so m token /usr/lib/python2.3/token.py m tokenize /usr/lib/python2.3/tokenize.py m traceback /usr/lib/python2.3/traceback.py m tty /usr/lib/python2.3/tty.py m types /usr/lib/python2.3/types.py m urllib /usr/lib/python2.3/urllib.py m urlparse /usr/lib/python2.3/urlparse.py m uu /usr/lib/python2.3/uu.py m warnings /usr/lib/python2.3/warnings.py m webbrowser /usr/lib/python2.3/webbrowser.py Missing modules: ? Carbon.File imported from macpath ? Carbon.Folder imported from tempfile ? Carbon.Folders imported from tempfile ? EasyDialogs imported from getpass ? MacOS imported from Tkinter, py_compile ? SOCKS imported from ftplib ? _winreg imported from urllib ? ce imported from os ? ic imported from pydoc, urllib, webbrowser ? mac imported from os ? msvcrt imported from getpass ? nt imported from ntpath, os ? org.python.core imported from copy ? os.path imported from os ? os2 imported from os ? riscos imported from os ? riscosenviron imported from os ? riscospath imported from os ? rourl2path imported from urllib ? sitecustomize imported from site freezing BaseHTTPServer … freezing FixTk … freezing SocketServer … freezing StringIO … freezing Tkconstants … freezing Tkinter … freezing UserDict … freezing __main__ … freezing atexit … freezing base64 … freezing codecs … freezing copy … freezing copy_reg … freezing dis … freezing distutils … freezing distutils.dep_util … freezing distutils.errors … freezing distutils.log … freezing distutils.spawn … freezing distutils.util … freezing dummy_thread … freezing encodings … freezing encodings.aliases … freezing fnmatch … freezing formatter … freezing ftplib … freezing getopt … freezing getpass … freezing glob … freezing gopherlib … freezing htmlentitydefs … freezing htmllib … freezing httplib … freezing inspect … freezing linecache … freezing locale … freezing macpath … freezing macurl2path … freezing markupbase … freezing mimetools … freezing mimetypes … freezing ntpath … freezing nturl2path … freezing opcode … freezing os … freezing os2emxpath … freezing popen2 … freezing posixpath … freezing py_compile … freezing pydoc … freezing quopri … freezing random … freezing re … freezing repr … freezing rfc822 … freezing sgmllib … freezing site … freezing socket … freezing sre … freezing sre_compile … freezing sre_constants … freezing sre_parse … freezing stat … freezing string … freezing tempfile … freezing threading … freezing token … freezing tokenize … freezing traceback … freezing tty … freezing types … freezing urllib … freezing urlparse … freezing uu … freezing warnings … freezing webbrowser … generating table of frozen modules Warning: unknown modules remain: _locale _random _socket _ssl _tkinter array binascii cStringIO fcntl math pwd select strop termios time Now run “make” to build the target: hello

As you can see, even a simple Python program will require several dozen modules because these are necessary simply for Python itself to start — yes, Python uses its own Standard Library to help run the language!

Next, run make:

$ make gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c config.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c frozen.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_BaseHTTPServer.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_FixTk.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_SocketServer.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_StringIO.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_Tkconstants.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_Tkinter.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_UserDict.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M___main__.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_atexit.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_base64.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_codecs.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_copy.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_copy_reg.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_dis.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_distutils.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_distutils__dep_util.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_distutils__errors.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_distutils__log.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_distutils__spawn.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_distutils__util.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_dummy_thread.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_encodings.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_encodings__aliases.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_fnmatch.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_formatter.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_ftplib.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_getopt.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_getpass.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_glob.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_gopherlib.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_htmlentitydefs.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_htmllib.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_httplib.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_inspect.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_linecache.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_locale.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_macpath.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_macurl2path.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_markupbase.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_mimetools.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_mimetypes.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_ntpath.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_nturl2path.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_opcode.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_os.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_os2emxpath.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_popen2.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_posixpath.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_py_compile.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_pydoc.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_quopri.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_random.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_re.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_repr.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_rfc822.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_sgmllib.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_site.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_socket.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_sre.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_sre_compile.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_sre_constants.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_sre_parse.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_stat.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_string.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_tempfile.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_threading.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_token.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_tokenize.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_traceback.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_tty.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_types.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_urllib.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_urlparse.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_uu.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_warnings.c gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/python2.3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c M_webbrowser.c c++ -pthread -Xlinker -export-dynamic config.o frozen.o M_BaseHTTPServer.o M_FixTk.o M_SocketServer.o M_StringIO.o M_Tkconstants.o M_Tkinter.o M_UserDict.o M___main__.o M_atexit.o M_base64.o M_codecs.o M_copy.o M_copy_reg.o M_dis.o M_distutils.o M_distutils__dep_util.o M_distutils__errors.o M_distutils__log.o M_distutils__spawn.o M_distutils__util.o M_dummy_thread.o M_encodings.o M_encodings__aliases.o M_fnmatch.o M_formatter.o M_ftplib.o M_getopt.o M_getpass.o M_glob.o M_gopherlib.o M_htmlentitydefs.o M_htmllib.o M_httplib.o M_inspect.o M_linecache.o M_locale.o M_macpath.o M_macurl2path.o M_markupbase.o M_mimetools.o M_mimetypes.o M_ntpath.o M_nturl2path.o M_opcode.o M_os.o M_os2emxpath.o M_popen2.o M_posixpath.o M_py_compile.o M_pydoc.o M_quopri.o M_random.o M_re.o M_repr.o M_rfc822.o M_sgmllib.o M_site.o M_socket.o M_sre.o M_sre_compile.o M_sre_constants.o M_sre_parse.o M_stat.o M_string.o M_tempfile.o M_threading.o M_token.o M_tokenize.o M_traceback.o M_tty.o M_types.o M_urllib.o M_urlparse.o M_uu.o M_warnings.o M_webbrowser.o /usr/lib/python2.3/config/libpython2.3.a -lpthread -ldl -lutil -lm -o hello /usr/lib/python2.3/config/libpython2.3.a(posixmodule.o)(.text+0x3908): In function `posix_tmpnam’: : the use of `tmpnam_r’ is dangerous, better use `mkstemp’ /usr/lib/python2.3/config/libpython2.3.a(posixmodule.o)(.text+0x387a): In function `posix_tempnam’: : the use of `tempnam’ is dangerous, better use `mkstemp’

…and you should end up with the executable, hello !

$ ./hello Hello, world!

ta da!

See Also

Py2Exe — like Freeze, but makes Windows executables

PythonInstalledByDefault — OS/desktop distributions that come with Python installed

README — the README file for the “freeze” utility that comes with Python

Discussion

I may be doing something wrong; I don’t think it should be including just about every module under the sun.

— LionKimbro 2004-08-30 04:06:38

The “problem” is pydoc. It includes Tkinter and some internet related modules for its gui. Just excluding pydoc with

python freeze.py -X pydoc hello.py

reduces the list of frozen modules for me to this:

freezing UserDict … freezing __main__ … freezing codecs … freezing copy … freezing copy_reg … freezing distutils … freezing distutils.dep_util … freezing distutils.errors … freezing distutils.log … freezing distutils.spawn … freezing distutils.util … freezing dummy_thread … freezing encodings … freezing encodings.aliases … freezing linecache … freezing locale … freezing macpath … freezing ntpath … freezing os … freezing os2emxpath … freezing popen2 … freezing posixpath … freezing py_compile … freezing random … freezing re … freezing repr … freezing site … freezing sre … freezing sre_compile … freezing sre_constants … freezing sre_parse … freezing stat … freezing string … freezing tempfile … freezing traceback … freezing types … freezing warnings … generating table of frozen modules Warning: unknown modules remain: _locale _random array binascii fcntl itertools math pwd strop time

The minimal set of excludes which produces a still working executable, while excluding everything unnecessary is:

python freeze.py -X codecs -X copy -X distutils -X encodings -X locale -X macpath -X ntpath -X os2emxpath -X popen2 -X pydoc -X re -X warnings hello.py

The resulting list is

freezing UserDict … freezing __main__ … freezing copy_reg … freezing os … freezing posixpath … freezing site … freezing stat … freezing types … generating table of frozen modules Warning: unknown modules remain: pwd

Quite a difference… The sizes of the resulting binaries are:

excluded size size stripped nothing 6041313 2267304 pydoc 5169213 1416840 maximum 4666109 1076264

— MarcChr 2005-02-03 16:42:03

I have errors trying to freeze a wxPython script:

ricardo@yuggoth:~/Python$ ./hello2 Traceback (most recent call last): File “hello2.py”, line 1, in ? from wxPython.wx import * File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/wx-2.5.3-gtk2-unicode/wxPython/__init__.py”, line 10, in ? import _wx File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/wx-2.5.3-gtk2-unicode/wxPython/_wx.py”, line 3, in ? from _core import * File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/wx-2.5.3-gtk2-unicode/wxPython/_core.py”, line 15, in ? import wx._core File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/wx-2.5.3-gtk2-unicode/wx/__init__.py”, line 42, in ? from wx._core import * File “/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/wx-2.5.3-gtk2-unicode/wx/_core.py”, line 4, in ? import _core_ ImportError: No module named _core_

Anyone knows why?

freeze doesn’t handle modules written in C/C++ like py2exe does – you have to manually copy all the .so files that you want to use into the LD_LIBRARY_PATH of the output program. However, I did this and now my application segfaults.

I ‘m facing the simular problem what gives “ImportError: No module named wxc” . but when I put the right wxc.so in the app folder(No need freeze the program again), It just run ok. you can try it.

I tried this and I am still segfaulting – is there any solution to it?

—

I tried using freeze, and got the following error: c++: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.3/lib/python2.3/config/libpython2.3.a: No such file or directory

Anyone know what’s going on?

On MacOS, try using py2app, it does a nice job and works perfectly well for MacOS systems.

Try manually specifying your python source tree with -p?

When I tried make after using freeze I get the error: powerpc-apple-darwin8-gcc-4.0.1: Python.framework/Versions/2.5/Python: No such file or directory i686-apple-darwin8-gcc-4.0.1: Python.framework/Versions/2.5/Python: No such file or directory lipo: can’t figure out the architecture type of: /var/tmp//ccG5Z3m2.out

Thoughts for a newb?

When I execute the makefile I get: make: execvp: config.o: Permission denied

I then changed the permission on the file to be executable and get the following error: ./config.o: ./config.o: cannot execute binary file

The program is a simple print helloworld app. Any ideas?

You shouldn’t have made it executable, instead try chown USERNAME config.o

This doesn’t seem to work right:

Two systems:

A redhat9 system with python 2.5.2 compiled and installed.

A normal Ubuntu 8.10 box.

redhat9: (echo “import os, sys, time” ; echo “print repr(time)”) > test.py redhat9: python freeze/freeze.py test.py … generating table of frozen modules Warning: unknown modules remain: _bisect _heapq _locale _random _socket _ssl _struct _tkinter array binascii cStringIO collections fcntl itertools math operator readline select strop termios time Now run “make” to build the target: test redhat9: make redhat9: scp test ubuntu8:/tmp/test ubuntu8: /tmp/test Traceback (most recent call last): File “test.py”, line 2, in ImportError: No module named time

It’s as if the dynload libraries aren’t frozen.

…

Reply to self: That *is* the case. The Warning is saying that those modules will not be in the binary! (Shouldn’t that be an error?)

The fix is to rebuild it using static modules. See Modules/Setup for docs. The short fix is to run this before you run ./configure to build python:

perl -pi -e ‘s!(^#\*shared\*)!*static*

$1!’ Modules/Setup.dist

I got the following Error:

Error: needed directory /usr/lib/python2.7/config not found Use “/usr/share/doc/python2.7/examples/Tools/freeze/freeze.py -h” for help

How can I fix it?

pip freeze Command in Python

pip freeze Command in Python

In this article, we explain the pip freeze command in Python.

So pip freeze is a command that allows you to see what modules you have installed with the pip install command to this point.

pip freeze is a very useful command, because it tells you which modules you’ve installed with pip install and the versions of these modules that you are currently have installed on your computer.

In Python, there’s a lot of things that may be incompatible, such as certain modules being incompatible with other modules.

For example, you may install the latest version of Django but a previous module that you have installed may no longer be compatible with the new version of Django. Therefore, you may get errors when you run code.

In instances like this, and many more other instances, using pip freeze to see what modules and versions of each you have can be very important and can determine whether a particular application will work or not.

pip freeze is a command that works across practically all operating systems, including Windows, Linux, and Mac.

So, for example, I will run, pip freeze, on my Windows PC and what I get is shown below.

So you can see all of the modules that I’ve installed using the pip install command on my windows command prompt and the versions of those modules.

So you can debug whether a particular version of Django, for instance, may work with a particular version of a module, and so on and so forth.

So pip freeze is a commonly used command for debugging purposes in Python.

Related Resources

How to Randomly Select From or Shuffle a List in Python

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