당신은 주제를 찾고 있습니까 “belt edge separation – EDGE MC1400 Material Classifier – A 4 Product Separation Solution“? 다음 카테고리의 웹사이트 https://chewathai27.com/you 에서 귀하의 모든 질문에 답변해 드립니다: https://chewathai27.com/you/blog. 바로 아래에서 답을 찾을 수 있습니다. 작성자 EDGE Innovate 이(가) 작성한 기사에는 조회수 3,369회 및 좋아요 3개 개의 좋아요가 있습니다.
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The EDGE MC1400 provides operators the ability to extract impurities from highly contaminated material in just one pass. Utilizing controlled air flow as a separation medium, the MC1400 is the ideal solution for the cleaning of compost and biomass fractions with its ability to separate heavy fractions from lights.
The MC1400 will allow operators to separate up to four different fractions as standard; lights (plastic, paper, film) mid-weight (wood) and heavy fractions (aggregate, glass, etc.). Ferrous metal will be extracted via the overband magnet found on the heavy fraction discharge conveyor with the option of attaching an additional magnet to the mid-weight conveyor.
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Belt Edge Separation – British Tyre Manufacturers’ Association
Truck Tyre Injury Guance. Belt Edge Separation. CAUSES: Breakdown adhesion between the belts: • Under inflation and/or overload. • Excessive speed.
Source: btmauk.com
Date Published: 4/12/2021
View: 437
A Study on the Prediction Method of Belt … – Korea Science
This study is concerned with the relation between steelbelt wth and belt edge separation of a tire. Belt edge separation causes tire burst and threatens …
Source: www.koreascience.or.kr
Date Published: 3/6/2021
View: 201
Belt edge deterioration in radial steel belted tires
However, these tests do not necessarily have the capability to rank tires based on their resistance to belt edge separation in the belt coat …
Source: www.ardl.com
Date Published: 11/23/2021
View: 6928
TIRE TREAD SEPARATION – TWO THEORIES OF LIABILITY
Belt Edge Separation, Tire Construction and Cap Plies. By the m 1950s, Pirelli had recognized that the tendency for belt edge separation in SBR tires.
Source: www.jdsupra.com
Date Published: 6/8/2022
View: 9724
A Simple Model for Cornering and Belt-edge Separation in …
tire deflections and belt-edge separation strains. The model includes the effects of pure bending, transverse shear bending, lateral restraint of the …
Source: meridian.allenpress.com
Date Published: 5/9/2022
View: 1894
Causes of Tire Failure: Belt Separation – Clark Fountain
This post will look at common causes leading to tire belt separations. What is Intercarcass Pressurization? Generally speaking, a separation in …
Source: www.clarkfountain.com
Date Published: 9/1/2021
View: 5319
주제와 관련된 이미지 belt edge separation
주제와 관련된 더 많은 사진을 참조하십시오 EDGE MC1400 Material Classifier – A 4 Product Separation Solution. 댓글에서 더 많은 관련 이미지를 보거나 필요한 경우 더 많은 관련 기사를 볼 수 있습니다.
주제에 대한 기사 평가 belt edge separation
- Author: EDGE Innovate
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- Date Published: 2016. 7. 5.
- Video Url link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veG0JJyhVKE
What is belt edge separation?
Tread separation occurs when the belts underneath a tire’s tread come apart. When this happens, the tread itself begins to come off the rest of the tire. This can be especially dangerous at highway speeds. Many drivers lose control, and some vehicles crash or roll over.
What causes tire belt separation?
One of the most common causes of tire tread separation is a manufacturer’s defect, wherein something went wrong in the bonding process of the tread and steel belting section of the tire casing, and the tread did not adhere properly.
What does tread separation look like?
Identifying Tire Tread Separation
The first visual indication will be a bubble along the tread or the sidewall of the tire. The bubble will continue to expand and a larger section becomes separated from the tire’s casing. Drivers may also notice a wavy pattern in the tread.
What does a slipped tire belt sound like?
Aside from vibrations, another notable sign that you have a broken belt is when you start hearing a thumping noise as you drive along the highway. You may notice this sound more when you are driving at slower speeds because there will be less road noise to interfere with the noise.
How long can you drive on a separated tire?
So if you want to know the exact answer to “how long can you drive on a spare tire,” you should consult the manual. But there is a general range that most car experts agree on: approximately 50 to 70 miles, with 70 as the absolute maximum. To be as safe as possible, stick closer to 50.
Why do my tires wobble when I drive?
The most common cause of shaking at this speed range is a bent wheel or a poorly shaped tire. Transmission and drive line issues can also show up in this range, but tires are the first thing you should check. You can usually see the wobble in the tire/wheel assembly if you put it on the balancer.
What does it mean when your tire is separated?
Tires become separated for a variety of reasons, including manufacturing defects, abuse, and over-inflation. When a tire separates, its tread becomes detached from the rest of the tire. If this occurs while you are driving, a major accident can take place.
What causes sidewall separation?
A sidewall separation is the result of underinflation followed by an impact to the sidewall, typically a pothole or curb. The low tire pressure weakens the sidewall and allows permeation of air to enter the affected area causing a bubble effect as pictured here.
Why does my car thump when I drive?
If you hear a regular thumping or vibration that varies with your speed as you’re driving down the road, the tires are usually the culprit. Many times, the tread in the tire is separating internally.
How much does it cost to replace a drive belt?
Of course, it depends on your make and model as well as labor costs, but in general a replacement serpentine belt costs around $70-$200 (plus taxes and fees), including around $50 for the belt and around $150 for the labor.
How do I know if my serpentine belt broke?
Symptoms of a broken serpentine belt include loud slapping, squealing or knocking noises coming from under the hood. The battery-shaped charging system warning light might also come on because the alternator will stop charging the battery. If a car has a hydraulic power steering pump, the steering will become stiff.
How can you tell if you have a knot in your tire?
Your tires should always be smooth and round, so if you notice a bubble on the sidewall or see a section of tread bulging, it’s a sign that something is very wrong, and you should stop driving immediately. Tires that have a bubble are not safe to drive.
What is a tire belt?
TIRE BELTS. Rubber-coated layers of steel, fiberglass, rayon, and other materials located between the tread and plies, crisscrossing at angles, hold the plies in place. Belts provide resistance to punctures and help treads stay flat and in contact with the road.
How do you know if you have a bad tire?
You can also check yourself by using a penny. Simply take a penny and insert it into the tread, making sure that Lincoln’s head is pointed down. If his head remains visible above the tread, then you don’t have enough tread and you’ll need to replace the tire.
Where is the belt in a tire?
Belts (or Belt System)
Directly below the tread of your tire are the belts. Most commonly, belts are constructed of steel. Their primary purpose is to provide stability and strength to the tread so that the tires will handle better and last longer.
What Causes Tire Tread Separation?
A manufacturing defect is often what causes tire tread separation issues. Tread separation occurs when the belts underneath a tire’s tread come apart. When this happens, the tread itself begins to come off the rest of the tire. This can be especially dangerous at highway speeds. Many drivers lose control, and some vehicles crash or roll over.
Tread separation is a tire failure issue specific to modern radial tires. Most of tires on the road today are steel-belted radials. Because of the construction of these tires, they are much less likely to blow out or have other similar catastrophic failures than older tires. Tread separation, however, is much more common than many people realize. Almost all cases of what people call “blowouts” today are actually tread separation incidents.
If a tread separation caused your car crash, the defective tire lawsuit lawyers at Newsome Melton can help. Call us at 888-808-5977 today for a free consultation about your right to compensation.
How Common Is Tread Separation?
Tread separation is the most common type of tire failure. It occurs because of the way tire companies design and manufacture modern steel-belted radial tires. These tires feature two steel belts that wrap around the tire. The tread adheres to these belts, and this entire assembly is then bonded to the sidewalls.
Getting rubber and steel to adhere to one another requires precise chemistry and careful attention to how the components line up. Any mistakes in this process can create problematic weak spots and put the tire at risk for failure.
Because only the tread of the tire touches the asphalt, tires are under a lot of pressure at speed. This is especially true when the temperature rises outside and they run on hot roads. These factors can increase the risk of a sudden tire failure. Many people suffer injuries from tire failures while driving at highway speeds during the summer, although they can occur at any time of the year.
Who Is Liable If a Tread Separation Causes a Crash?
If we can prove a defective tire led to your tread separation and the resulting crash, we can hold the tire company responsible for the injuries, property damages, and other losses you suffered. To win a case against the tire manufacturer, we will need to show the tire had a defect instead of just being old or worn.
The key to proving a defect often lies in preserving the tire and tread. Once we prove the defect, we still need to show tread separation caused your wreck. The tire company may argue that other parties — or even your driving — contributed to the crash.
With the help of engineers, we analyze the remnants of the tire and can usually determine why it failed. We can also enlist the help of survey teams, who visit the scene of the crash to document where the pieces of the tire ended up, as well as crash reconstruction experts to help us understand exactly what happened after the tire failed.
Last, we need to document the full extent of your damages and tie them to the crash. We may request copies of the police report filed about the incident, obtain your medical records pertaining to the treatment of your injuries, and interview witnesses of the crash. We will also collect all bills, receipts, and other paperwork related to your treatment, out-of-pocket expenses, and car repairs. This is the best way to ensure you receive compensation for the full range of your losses related to your crash.
Does Tread Separation Lead to Recalls?
The risk of tread separation is a common reason for tire recalls in the United States. It pays to check for recalls on all components of your vehicle regularly. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) offers an online recall search, as do most automaker and tire company websites.
The problematic nature of tread separations first came to the attention of many people in 2000, when the NHTSA announced one of the largest tire recalls in history. Affecting millions of light truck and SUV tires, the Bridgestone and Firestone recall made headlines nationwide.
Tread separation crashes caused numerous deaths and injuries, and manufacturers lost billions of dollars because of the recall and resulting civil suits. This recall also led to tougher safety rules for tire designers, manufacturers, and others in the industry.
How Can I Discuss My Case with a Defective Tire Attorney?
If you believe your crash occurred because of a tire separation, an attorney from Newsome Melton can review your case and see if you have a valid claim. We offer free case evaluations of all potential defective tire claims. We can help you understand the strength of your case and pursue the compensation you deserve. Call us today at 888-808-5977.
Tire Tread Separation Causes and Prevention
A tread is the rubber on the outer circumference of a tire that makes contact with the road and provides traction. Tire tread separation occurs when the tread becomes separated from the casing or body of the tire. Most cars, trucks, vans and SUVs on the roads today use steel-belted tire tread technology, which is the way the tread is fused to the steel tire casing. As adhering rubber to steel is difficult, there is a chance for tire tread separation in all tires, especially in hot weather or at high speeds. The bond between the casing and the tread can be compromised and lead to tread separation for a variety of reasons, including manufacturer’s defects, tire abuse, incorrect flat repair, underinflation and excessive tire wear.
When tread separation occurs at high speeds, the driver might first hear a loud thump before the car loses control. When the tread separates from the tire casing, it can cause a friction or braking action as it hits or gets caught in the undercarriage of the vehicle. When the driver tries to correct the braking action of the vehicle, it will typically swerve in the opposite direction.
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Tread separation can cause catastrophic accidents and in some cases is impossible to predict. However, there are measures vehicle owners can take to prevent tread separation, such as regular tire checkups and maintenance, as well as responsible driving.
The following are common causes of tread separation:
Manufacturer’s defect
One of the most common causes of tire tread separation is a manufacturer’s defect, wherein something went wrong in the bonding process of the tread and steel belting section of the tire casing, and the tread did not adhere properly. Signs that your car’s tire has a defect in the tread bonding can often appear within a short period of time after purchasing and using the tire. While driving, you might feel abnormal vibration and a sense that the car is imbalanced. If the tire has a tread defect, a bump will form in the tread area, and will expand until the separation occurs. The driver should be aware that this is the first visual sign that the tread will separate. The driver should inspect their tires by looking for bumps and feeling for any defects or wavy patterns by running their hands along the tread. When defects appear, the driver should replace the tire immediately. Driving on tires with defects can put the driver, passengers and other drivers at risk. Tire manufacturers have a responsibility for safety along with rigorous quality control but this does not mean that you will not potentially purchase the defective tires.
Consumer Reports recommends a driver should look for the following signs to determine whether their tires are at risk for tread separation:
Cracking or cuts in the tire’s sidewall
Uneven tread wear
Bulges or blisters on the sidewall
Excessively worn tread, which occurs when it has worn past the minimum of 1/16 inch depth.
Excessive vibration when driving
Tire abuse
Overinflation, or excessive tire pressure, of the tire can cause accelerated wear, overheating and reduced ability to absorb road shocks. Be sure to inflate your tires to the appropriate PSI level to protect your car’s tires and driving performance. At least once per month, you should use a tire pressure gauge to check the PSI on all four tires and the spare. The pressure should be within the range recommended by the automaker. The pressure check should be done when the tires are cold, or have not been driven more than one or two miles.
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Careless driving habits can also cause damage to tires that can lead to tire tread separation. Potholes can cause particularly dangerous conditions for tire treads. Tires are designed to withstand large potholes at low speeds, and small potholes at higher speeds. But when a car drives over a large pothole at high or near-freeway speeds, it can generate enough force to cause a tread separation.
Incorrect flat repair
The current method for repairing punctured tires is a radial patch and plug technique. If the puncture is not properly prepared before being fixed, the tip of the plug portion can cause tread separation.
Underinflation
Driving on underinflated tires is a very common problem. Surveys have shown that about half of the cars on the road have under-inflated tires. Since tires lose their air through the rubber at a slow rate, drivers often continue driving on them for long periods of time before realizing that their tires are underinflated. Seasonal temperature changes can also cause tire pressure to drop. Even small drops in PSI can affect a car’s handling, making it more difficult to control. Underinflated tires can cause the tires’ sidewalls to flex too much and build up excessive heat, shortening the tires’ lifespan and lead to tread separation.
Excessive tire wear
Tires are designed to withstand a certain number of miles before having to be replaced. Once the mileage limits have been reached, the tire becomes susceptible to blowouts, tread separation and loss of traction. For this reason, drivers should replace their tires once their mileage limits have been reached.
Causes of Manufacturer Design Flaws and Defects
The tire industry has the ability to diminish the chances of tire defects through a variety of measures, including appropriate adhesion, proper manufacturing practices and adequate quality control measures.
The following are some of the processes that can be overlooked or done improperly by the manufacturer, leading to the production of tires with defects:
Improper curing
Moisture or foreign matter cured onto tire
Improper quality control
Factory or manufacturer’s emphasis on fast production over quality or safety of product
What to Do if Your Tread Separation Was Caused by Manufacturer’s Defects
For a free legal consultation call (855) 529-0269
If your tires show signs of tread separation, you should contact your tires’ manufacturer to report the defect and discuss tire replacement. It is also a good idea to report the defect to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), which keeps track of vehicle safety issues.
If you were in an accident caused by tire tread separation and believe your tread separation was caused by manufacturer’s defects, you should contact an experienced car accident attorney. You may be able to file a claim to recover any damages you have sustained.
Call or text Chalik & Chalik (855) 529-0269
How to Identify Tire Defects and Prevent Tire Tread Separation
Tire tread separation is a potentially dangerous even in which the tread of a tire separates from the casing or the body of a tire. When traveling at highway speeds, tire separation can lead to loss of vehicle control, rollovers, accidents and death.
Tire Tread Separation and Manufacturer Defect
While tire abuse and neglect can lead to tire tread separation, one of the most common causes is actually manufacturer defect.
The vast majority of tires manufactured for cars, pickups, minivans and sports utility vehicles are steel belted radial tires. The most common defect associated with these types of tires is tire tread separation.
When these types of tires are manufactured, specialized rubber compounds are reinforced by fabric cords and steel wires.
Defect occurs when a problem in the chemical process causes the tread and steel belting to not properly bond to the tire casing. With long-term use, the tread and belting begin to separate from the casing until complete separation occurs.
Identifying Tire Tread Separation
As provided by Texas Tire Sales:
A common sign of tire tread separation is that the car will begin shaking at a certain speed (most often between 10 mph to 40 mph).
This may begin as a small vibration, but as the problem worsens, it may feel as though the whole wheel is shaking side-to-side as though the wheel is not tightly fastened.
The first visual indication will be a bubble along the tread or the sidewall of the tire. The bubble will continue to expand and a larger section becomes separated from the tire’s casing.
Drivers may also notice a wavy pattern in the tread. The treads of a tire should always align straight and remain parallel. Misaligned tread patterns are an indication that the tread is not properly bonded or is losing hold.
If tire tread separation is identified, repair should not be attempted. The only remedy is to replace the tire completely.
Contact an Experienced Tire Recall Attorney
Thomas J. Henry are leaders in the area of product liability litigation. Our Defective Drug and Products Division have extensive knowledge and resources in order to represent our clients efficiently and aggressively. We represent a multitude of people who are battling against manufacturers of defective tires and tire parts.
Your choice does matter. If you or a loved one has been injured in an auto accident caused by a defective or recalled tire, call Thomas J. Henry immediately. We represent clients/victims all over the country. Our attorneys are available 24/7, nights and weekends.
Signs Your Tire Has A Broken Steel Belt
Although your car’s tires all look good, you may suspect that there is something wrong with at least one of them. If so, look for the following signs that one of your tires may have a broken steel belt.
Vibrations Felt While Driving
One of the first signs you may notice when you have a broken tire belt is feeling vibrations while you are driving down the road. Because the steel belts inside your tires provide support for the rubber, one broken belt will make an area on the tire uneven, resulting in the vibrations.
How the vibrations present themselves can give you a clue as to which tire has the broken belt. If the vibrations increase when are driving at higher speeds, the affected tire is one of the front ones. However, if you notice that the vibrations are worse at lower speeds, the problem lies with one of your back tires.
Thumping Noise Is Heard
Aside from vibrations, another notable sign that you have a broken belt is when you start hearing a thumping noise as you drive along the highway. You may notice this sound more when you are driving at slower speeds because there will be less road noise to interfere with the noise.
Because the belt has created an uneven surface, the rubber will hit the pavement unevenly. As it does, the area right after the broken belt will strike the surface harder, creating the thumping sound.
Hump Is Seen When Tire Rotates
If you are feeling vibrations and hearing the thumping noise, you can discern which tire it is by inspecting the tire as it rotates. When a belt is broken underneath the rubber surface, as hump will present itself as the steel bands push against the tire.
Have someone stand on one side of your car. Then, pull up as slowly as possible while they look carefully at each tire. If no hump is detected, have them stand on the other side of the vehicle so they can inspect the other two tires.
If they see a hump in your tires, and you have noticed other signs, use extreme caution while driving on the tire, the rubber in this area has been severely weakened because there is no longer a stable supporting structure. Since the tire could blow out at any given moment, take your car to a tire dealer to discuss your options for replacing the bad tire.
For more information, contact a company like East Bay Tire Co.
Tread Separations & Tire Defects
Tread separations are an unfortunate by-product of steel-belted radial tire technology. Due to the difficulty in obtaining adhesion of steel to rubber there is a potential for tread separation of all steel-belted radial tires. This is true especially at high speeds in hot weather. tirecutview Industry records verify that tread belt separations are the most common mode of failure of steel belted radial tires. Separations result from both design and manufacturing defects. Some examples of this have included the Firestone ATX and Wilderness tires on Ford Explorers, Continental General tires on Lincoln Navigators, the Firestone Steeltex tires on Excursions, and the Goodyear Load Range E tires and Cooper Tires.
There are some alarming similarities between all of the recalled tires in both the failure mode and the causes for failure. It is noteworthy that tread separation problems often first surface in the warmer regions of this country and around the world. We also see the inherent design defects in many steel-belted radial tires exacerbated by underinflation which on some occasions is recommended by the vehicle manufacturer. It is important to note that all manufacturers have suffered steel belted radial tire tread belt separations since the 1970s. These tire failures are often referred to as “blowouts”. However, not all tread belt separations result in air loss, so many are not blowouts. Tread belt separations are not limited to Firestone, Goodyear or General tires. There has been extensive tread belt separation litigation involving Cooper tires, Uniroyal-Goodrich tires, as well as other manufacturers and tires from China.
The results of tread separation can be catastrophic. Tread belt separations frequently cause tire blowouts. Even when the tire does not lose pressure the driver often loses control of the vehicle when the tread and upper belt separate from the carcass of the tire resulting in vehicle loss of control and rollovers that have resulted in thousands of serious injuries and fatalities.
When the tread comes off of a vehicle at high speed, the driver sometimes hears a loud thumping noise before the vehicle goes out of control. The loss of control can be due to a combination of factors, including friction or braking action as the loose tread piece strikes against or catches on the undercarriage of the vehicle. When a rear tire is involved, this results in a braking action in the direction of the tire failure. When the driver attempts to correct for this braking action the vehicle usually goes out of control in the opposite direction. This is often mistakenly referred to as overcorrection. In truth, it is the normal appropriate reaction to the braking phenomenon experienced by the driver. This sequence of events occurs so rapidly that it is virtually impossible to handle most high speed tread separation failures and resulting loss of control of the vehicle. This was demonstrated by tests of Ford Explorers with Firestone tires in which an experienced test driver, who knew the tread was going to separate, lost control and the vehicle rolled over.
The rollover problem is exacerbated by high-center-of-gravity vehicle designs such as employed in popular sport utility vehicles. The tire design problem can be overcome by use of proper wedges and cushions at the belt edges, an appropriate under tread protecting the steel belt edges, and a nylon overlay design modification known as “safety belts”, widely used in tires manufactured for the European market as well as many American tires. Nylon overlays virtually eliminate tread separations unless the tire has a significant design or manufacturing defect. Even then, the nylon overlays will substantially delay failure.
Manufacturing defects can be substantially reduced by appropriate adhesion, proper manufacturing practices, and adequate quality control measures. Some plant practices which contribute to tread belt separation include improper curing, the use of over aged “dry” rubber stock, use of petroleum solvent on tire components prior to vulcanization, moisture or foreign matter cured into the tire, improper repairs, thinning of the inner liner allowing excess air permeation, inadequate final inspection and an emphasis on production or quantity over quality and safety. Many plants run on twelve-hour shifts with the tire builders working on a quota incentive system which unduly stresses workers.
We have established through sworn testimony of tire plant workers that tires have been contaminated by everything from chicken bones to live shotgun shells. Other examples of contamination or foreign material have included wrenches, gloves, screws, bolts, small wire, wood, water, sunflower seeds, and all sorts of other contamination that have been cured into tires. We have also learned from plant workers that outside tire inspectors were misled by various means during inspections, including hiding defective tires and showing inspectors the same tire repeatedly once it had passed inspection.
When examining a separated tire one should look closely at the separation interface to determine whether there is any rusty wire, bare wire or brassy wire exposed. Corroded wire is usually evidence of moisture contamination during manufacturing. Bare wire is an indication of a manufacturing adhesion defect. Brassy wire is a strong indication of no adhesion. High resolution photographs should be taken of any exposed surfaces as quickly after the accident as possible to document any exposed wire conditions and the condition of the surface where the tire has delaminated.
Traditionally, the tire industry has attempted to shift the burden for defective tires to the victim in the accident. They assert that tread separations are the result of impact damage or underinflation. In fact, underinflation does not cause tread belt separation in a properly constructed, properly designed tire. However, if a tire has manufacturing or design defects and it is run underinflated, underinflation can accelerate tread belt separation. Unfortunately, it is virtually impossible for the consumer to determine whether a steel belted radial tire is underinflated by visual inspection. It is often difficult, if not impossible for people who are forensic tire experts to determine upon visual examination whether a tire has incipient tread belt separation prior to the actual failure of the tire that causes the steel belt(s) and tread to separate from the carcass.
The potential for underinflation is increased by the air permeability of steel belted radial tires. All steel belted radial tires leak air. Design and manufacturing defects can accelerate this leakage rate. Because of the air permeability of steel belted radial tires almost all tires are run underinflated at some time during the course of their lifetime and, as noted, this is usually not observable by the consumer. Accordingly, the victim is usually unaware that the tire is underinflated and certainly unaware that underinflation will result in tread belt separation which in a properly constructed tire would not occur. Likewise, impact damage does not cause tread belt separation. Impact damage can cause failure of a tire, but it is not a tread separation failure.
Tire manufacturers often claim that damaging information contained in their records is trade secret and should not be disclosed. The truth of the matter is, comprehensive analysis of steel belted radial tires is reported to tire manufacturers by Smithers Scientific Services so that all of the tire manufacturers are routinely provided with the physical properties and chemical makeup of their competitors’ products. Tire manufacturers also reverse engineer their competitors’ products on a continuing basis and are well aware of the composition of tires manufactured by their competitors. They purchase raw materials and tire manufacturing equipment from the same vendors. Accordingly, there is very little bona fide trade secret information that is not known by all tire manufacturers about their competitors’ tires. They all build tires essentially the same way with essentially the same equipment. Tire manufacturers also occasionally build tires for their competitors under the competitor’s brand name.
Truck Tire Tread Separations
In recent years we have seen an increase in steel belted radial truck tires failures. The truck tire tread separation blow out is very similar to tread separations in passenger and light truck tires. Typically there are obvious manufacturing defects just as we find in LT and P metric tire tread separations with and without blowouts. The cause of and mode of failure is almost identical but the tire location on the vehicle is different. Most passenger and light truck tread separations occur on rear tires while medium truck tire failures resulting in loss of control are on the front steering tires. We have also noted that the medium truck tire failures typically result in more extensive damage to the tires ( run flat damage ) as a result of the heavy loads these tires carry thus these tires are more subject to catastrophic loss of air ( blowouts ).
Unfortunately tires from “third world countries” are entering the U.S. in ever increasing rates. Many of these tires are of poor design and have blatant design defects. There are some high quality tires manufactured in Japan but steel belted radial passenger and light truck tires manufactured by tire companies from third world countries that we have seen cause us a great deal of concern. In a recent case against a Chinese tire manufacture we learned not only was the tire defective but the company kept no records of tires that failed in service as required by the NHTSA. See linked expert reports on several Asian tire tread separation failures.
Blowouts
Tire blowouts have been occurring since the first pneumatic tire was put in service. Blowouts were most common during the era of tubed tires. When a tube tire was punctured, it was susceptible to a blowout failure. Blowouts have become less common during the era of steel belted radial tires. The design of the steel belted radial tire is such that a puncture is more likely to simply cause a slow loss of air, which can be repaired by a patch, plug, or combination of patch and plug. The tire should then be able to serve out its useful tread life with untoward effect. Indeed, steel belted radial tires can endure multiple puncture repairs without any adverse effect, as long as the repair is done properly.
Tires that suffer tread belt separations often do not blowout, however this can occur. Regardless of whether the tire blows out and loses air, or retains air, tread separations are extremely dangerous, especially on rear tires.
One form of blow out that can occur on steel belted radial tires is sidewall blowout which can occur as a result of gross under inflation. Under inflation, which can result in sidewall blowout, is usually readily apparent. Accordingly, everyone should have their tires checked regularly as well as completing a visual inspection to ensure tires are not grossly under inflated. Sidewall blow outs can also occur as a result of design or manufacturing defect which can cause sidewall blow outs even on tires that are only slightly under inflated. If a sidewall blowout occurs resulting in injury or death, preserve the tire and vehicle for inspection by an expert.
Unfortunately, unless someone is seriously injured or killed, they have very little recourse against tire manufacturers. Consumers should, however, contact NHTSA to document their accident and should contact a local attorney to see whether it is appropriate to pursue a claim. Increasingly, we are hearing from consumers who are taking action into their own hands and filing small claims against tire manufacturers in local courts. They handle the case on their own because it is virtually impossible to find a lawyer who can pursue a tire claim when there is no serious injury or death.
If you find yourself in the circumstances where you cannot find a lawyer, we strongly urge you to send your information to NHTSA and to your congressman and senator. The tire industry has been able to avoid their responsibility to the public for decades by hiding the extent of accidents, injuries and deaths and by hiding internal records which establish the extent of the tread belt separation hazard throughout the industry. Unfortunately, many courts have unwittingly assisted in this cover-up by granting protective orders which are abused by tire companies. Unless concerned citizens react the tire industry will continue to ignore the problem. If you are an attorney involved in a tire accident lawsuit and have questions about tire defects, tread separations or blowouts, contact Kaster & Lynch at (352) 622-1600.
A Study on the Prediction Method of Belt Edge Separation due to the Belt Width Variation of a Tire -Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
Abstract
This study is concerned with the relation between steelbelt width and belt edge separation of a tire. Belt edge separation causes tire burst and threatens passenger’s safety. For the reason, it is important to predict durability caused by belt edge separation in the early stage of the tire structure design. Usually, passenger car tires have two layers of steelbelts having opposite steel cord’s angles, which makes a shear behaviour between each belt layer. Shear behaviour is one of reason to cause belt edge separation. In this study, to predict belt edge separation, we suggested the prediction method of belt edge separation and evaluated the effect of steelbelt width on the belt edge separation using FEM. We also studied on main parameters to affect shear behaviour at the belt edge area.
A Simple Model for Cornering and Belt‐edge Separation in Radial Tires
A mathematical analysis of radial tire cornering was performed to predict tire deflections and belt‐edge separation strains. The model includes the effects of pure bending, transverse shear bending, lateral restraint of the carcass on the belt, and shear displacements between belt and carcass. It also provides a description of the key mechanisms that act during cornering. The inputs include belt and carcass cord properties, cord angle, pressure, rubber properties, and cornering force. Outputs include cornering deflections and interlaminar shear strains. Key relations found between tire parameters and responses were the optimum angle for minimum cornering deflections and its dependence on cord modulus, and the effect of cord angle and modulus on interlaminar shear strains.
Causes of Tire Failure: Belt Separation
According to a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration survey, nine percent (9%) of vehicle collisions involved vehicles that had issues with the tire prior to the collision. Issues included tire tread separations, blowouts, bald tires, and underinflation. See NHTSA Crash Causation Survey at www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811617.pdf. This post will look at common causes leading to tire belt separations.
What is Intercarcass Pressurization?
Generally speaking, a separation in a tire consists of an area of no adhesion between two adjacent tire components. These components are designed so that they completely adhere to each other. Separations often result when pressurized air within the inner liner of the tire is allowed to pass through the liner and enter into the structure of the tire (commonly referred to as inner carcass pressurization). Once inflation pressurized air enters the structure of a tire, it can migrate along and through the body cords and belt cords of the tire.
Intercarcass pressurization is a dangerous condition because it can cause tire separations and blowouts. Once the air is allowed to pass through the liner and into the structure of the tire, the pressurized air can mechanically force components apart. These components of the tire are not intended or designed to be subjected to highly pressurized air.
As pressurized air migrates through the inner liner of the tire, the air can slowly move through and around the tire. This allows separations to occur in almost any location throughout the tire, or in multiple locations. Multiple separations can also grow large enough so that they connect with other separations, increasing the size of the overall area of separation.
Legal Help for Victims of Tire Defects
Separations within a tire can lead to catastrophic collisions. Often, the separations result from defect design or manufacture of the tire (or both). Florida, like other states throughout the United States, allows victims of defective tires to sue for damages under multiple theories of liability, including negligence, strict liability and breach of warranty.
키워드에 대한 정보 belt edge separation
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