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에 비해 grammar 주제에 대한 자세한 내용은 여기를 참조하세요.
N+에 비해서 & N+비하면 [ Korean Grammar ]
There are some times where N+에 비해서 has to be used instead of N+보다. Here are some examples of such cases : 그는 나이에 비해서 아주 큰 아이 …
Source: www.topikguide.com
Date Published: 4/18/2021
View: 4660
N에 비해(서) Korean grammar
N에 비해(서) 앞의 명사와 비교해서 어떤 상태나 상황을 이야기할 때 사용하는 표현이다. This expression is used to talk about a certain state or …
Source: studying-korean.tistory.com
Date Published: 3/13/2021
View: 144
Easiest Way To Learn 에 비해서 Grammar
Korean grammar 에 비해서 means to compare. The root word is 에 비하다. It can be used in many forms like N에 비해(비하여), 비해서. These 3 Words are synonyms …
Source: koreanly.com
Date Published: 8/3/2021
View: 1967
Compared to: 에 비해(서)
N + 에 비해(서) is used when comparing the properties of two nouns (or actions in noun forms). In terms of meaning and position in a …
Source: www.mykoreanramblings.com
Date Published: 7/15/2022
View: 6250
What is the difference between 에 비해서 and 보다?
From a literal perspective, N+에 비해(서) means “compared to N,” whereas N+보다 means “…. than N,” as in “more than N,” or “smaller than N.”.
Source: korean.stackexchange.com
Date Published: 1/19/2022
View: 9996
[Ngữ pháp] Danh từ + 에 비해서 – Hàn Quốc Lý Thú
N에 비해서, Danh từ + 에 비해서, 에 비해. … B: 나도 광고를 보고 디자인이 마음에 들어서 이걸 사고 싶었어.
Source: hanquoclythu.blogspot.com
Date Published: 4/29/2022
View: 7240
Compared to… Noun + 에 비해(서)
This lesson will cover how to make comparisons. For example, we’ll learn how to make the sentence “Taking a bus is cheap compared to taking a train.
Source: gobillykorean.com
Date Published: 6/22/2022
View: 9013
Lesson 89: Comparing using fractions and orders of Magnitude
In this lesson, you will learn how 비교하다 and ~에 비해 can also be used to make comparisons. In addition, you will learn how to compare situations using …
Source: www.howtostudykorean.com
Date Published: 9/18/2022
View: 7443
에 비해서
이것보다 큰 편이에요 = tends to be bigger than this. 저보다 바쁜 편이에요 = somewhat busier than me. 지난 주보다 바쁜 편이에요 = rather busier …
Source: hanstudy.wordpress.com
Date Published: 3/25/2022
View: 7244
주제와 관련된 이미지 에 비해 grammar
주제와 관련된 더 많은 사진을 참조하십시오 TOPIK N에 비해서 Korean grammar 한국어문법 : learn korean in korean : 사회통합프로그램 초급한국어문법 중급한국어문법. 댓글에서 더 많은 관련 이미지를 보거나 필요한 경우 더 많은 관련 기사를 볼 수 있습니다.
주제에 대한 기사 평가 에 비해 grammar
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- Date Published: 2021. 12. 16.
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N+에 비해서 & N+비하면 [ Korean Grammar ]
Today we’ll see how to form sentences with Korean grammar pattern ” N+에 비해서 & N+비하면 ” with some example sentences.
Learning grammar is one of the most difficult things for Korean language learners. On this blog we will try to help you learn Korean grammar in the quickest and easiest way possible. This blog will be helpful for those who are studying Korean language and want to improve their grammar skills.
It is similar to N+보다 which means “…. than N ”
It is equivalent to saying “compared to N ” in English
It is used to draw comparisons between things.
Rule to conjugate :
~에 비해서 & ~비하면 when used with the nouns. You simply need to add 동안 after the nouns.
There are some times where N+에 비해서 has to be used instead of N+보다.
Here are some examples of such cases :
그는 나이에 비해서 아주 큰 아이이다.
He’s a very large child for his age.
지난번에 비해서는 훨씬 더 쉽다.
It’s much easier compared with last time.
그는 나이에 비해서 키가 너무 크다.
He is overgrown for his age.
The other form of grammar is N+비하면 can be used in place of N+에 비해서 which means ‘if you compare N to/with….”
Examples :
이 끔찍한 소식에 비하면 그녀 자신의 문제는 아무것도 아닌 것 같았다.
Compared to this terrible news, her own problems seemed to be nothing.
살아남기 위한 몸부림에 비하면 다른 모든 사원들은 하찮아진다.
Compared to the struggle to survive, all other temples become insignificant.
오늘날에는 그 산업이 과거 한때에 비하면 아무것도 아니다.
Today the industry is nothing compared to what it once was.
Related Korean grammar posts :
(으)ㄴ/는/인 데다가
Verb + 기 전에 and Noun + 전에
Verb + (으)면서
Verb + 았/었으면 좋겠다
Verb + (으)면
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N에 비해(서) Korean grammar
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N에 비해(서)
앞의 명사와 비교해서 어떤 상태나 상황을 이야기할 때 사용하는 표현이다.
This expression is used to talk about a certain state or situation compared to the preceding noun.
공부한 것에 비해서 성적이 잘 나오지 않았다.
우리 회사는 다른 회사에 비해서 월급이 더 많다.
그 식당 음식은 가격에 비해서 음식 맛이 없다.
십 년 전에 비해서 한국어를 배우는 사람들이 많아졌다.
고향 음식에 비해서 한국 음식이 더 맵다.
나는 말하기 실력에 비해서 쓰기 실력이 부족하다.
문장 구조 분석
그 식당 음식은 가격에 비해서 음식 맛이 없다. 그 식당 음식은 가격이 비싸다. 그런데 음식 맛이 없다. 그 식당 음식은 가격이 비싼데 반해 음식 맛이 없다.
문법
N에 비해(서)
= N보다(두 대상을 비교할 때 사용할 수 있다)
Can be used to compare two objects
고향 음식에 비해서 한국 음식이 더 맵다. (O)
= 고향 음식보다 한국 음식이 더 맵다. (O)
십 년 전에 비해서 한국어를 배우는 사람들이 많아졌다. (O)
= 십 년 전보다 한국어를 배우는 사람들이 많아졌다. (O)
N에 비해(서)
= N보다(X)
한 대상 을 설명할 때는 사용할 수 없다.
It cannot be used to describe an object.
그 식당 음식은 가격에 비해서 음식 맛이 없다. (O)
= 그 식당 음식은 가격보다 음식 맛이 없다. (X)
그는 키에 비해 발이 작다. (O)
= 그는 키보다 발이 작다. (X)
어휘
비하다 be compared to
어떤 것을 기준으로 볼 때 그것에 반하여.
To be lower in degree in comparison to something.
그는 손발이 큰 데에 비해 키는 크지 않다.
형이 똑똑한 것에 비해 동생은 그만큼은 아니다.
그녀는 먹는 양에 비해 살이 찌지 않는 체질이다.
(출처: 한국어기초사전; https://krdict.korean.go.kr/)
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Easiest way to learn 에 비해서 grammar
에 비해서 grammar
Korean grammar 에 비해서 means to compare. The root word is 에 비하다. It can be used in many forms like N에 비해(비하여), 비해서. These 3 Words are synonyms 유의어 대비하다, 비하다, 견주다.
ㅡ에 비해서/ 에 비하면 are comparative terms means they are used when we need to compare things. (비교할 때 쓰는 말).
이 수하물이 그 수하물에 비해서 무거워요. “This luggage is heavy compared to that luggage.”
에 비해서 보다 difference
Meaning wise both are similar but they are slightly different grammatically. N+에 비해(서) means “compared to Noun or in comparison with and Noun + 보다 means …. than Noun, as in “more than Noun,” or “smaller than Noun.”
보다 vs 에 비해서
Now let’s learn 보다 vs 에 비해서 grammar with example sentence.
딸기보다 망고 더 크다. Mango is bigger than Strawberry.
딸기 가 망고 에 비해서 더 크다. Mango is bigger in comparison to/with Strawberry.
한국 사람들이 미국사람들에 비해 성형 수술 더 많이 한다. Korean people do more plastic surgery than American people.
6월달 비해서 7월달 날씨가 더 더운것 같다. It seems like the weather in July is hotter than June.
작년에 비해서 올해 겨울이 더 추운것 같다. It seems like this year winter is colder than that of last year.
We can change this phrase using 보다 also
6월달 보다 7월달 날씨가 더 더운것 같다. It seems like the weather in July is hotter than June.
작년 보다 올해 겨울이 더 추운것 같다. It seems like this year winter is colder than that of last year.
한국 사람들이 미국사람들에 보다 성형 수술 더 많이 한다. Korean people do more plastic surgery than American people.
비교하다 grammar
There is another way to say compare to in Korean that is 비교하다, but 비교하다 and 비하다 are used in slightly different situations. Is used as a verb in the Korean language. The ‘비’ from 비교 하다 is actually a Chinese character called “hanja ‘比’ which means to compare.
비교하다 is always used with 과, 와, 을, 를, 랑, 이랑, 하고 and these (과, 와, 을, 를, 랑, 이랑, 하고)particles should be used with nouns to compare it with other.—보다 is a particle and is attached to a noun while 비교하다 itself is a verb and both means compared to.
그의 집을 그녀의 집과 비교하다. Compare his house with hers.
저를 나은과 비교하지 마세요 Don’t compare me with Naun.
…과 비교하다. Make a comparison with.
비교될만한 거 없을까? Is there anything to compare to that
에 비하면 grammar
– 에 비하면 and 에 비해서 are similar in meaning. – 에 비하면 has -(으)면 at the ending which means ‘IF’.에 비해서 means ‘compared to’ and – 에 비하면 means ‘If you compared to’. Example
작년에 비하면 올해 물가가 많이 비싸요. If you compare to last year, prices are very high this year.
우리 아빠는 나이에 비하면 어려 보여요. If you compare my dad’s age, he looks younger
저에 비하면 존은 잘하는 편이에요. If you compare to me, John is pretty good at it.
에 따르면 grammar
에 따르면 means according to in English.~에 의하면 is synonym word of 에 따르면. But ~에 의하면 is more formal.
Generally, this grammar is used to quote News, Some kind of experts, Books, newspapers or other official resources/ credible resources but it is not wrong to use it with normal people like according to my friend which becomes —–는 —–라고 했어.
When quoting a friend or Some credible resource people normally use this grammar in daily life because it is a little more formal language instead they use ….—–라고 했어. For example
신문 읽었는데 내일 눈 올 거래(요)” or ” 신문에서 내일 눈 올 거래(요). According to Newspaper, tomorrow will be a snow day.
일기 예보에 따르면 내일 전국에비 내린대요. According to the weather forecast report tomorrow it will rain all over the country
인터넷에 따르면 일요일에 그 은행 은 문을 닫는대요. According to the internet, Sunday door of that bank will close
Korean Vocabulary
Now lets learn some vocbularies used in this 에 비해서 grammar lesson.
둘 – Two
이상- ..Morethan
사물 Thing, Object
견주다 – Compare
서로 – Each other, one another
유사점 – Similarity/ Similar point
공통점 – Common feature/ point
차이점 – Difference/ Different point
일반 – General
범위 Scope, Range
법칙 – Rule, Law
따위 – (등등) etc, So on
고찰하다 – Study, consider
혹시 maybe, perhaps
논리 – Logic, Reasoning
현상 Present state/ condition, Existing state
밝히다 Reveal/ Disclose/ Clarify
한데 – 한군데/ 함께 In one place
대비/ 대조 Compare/contrast
정하다 Decide, Determine (결정하다), (결심하다)
Compared to: 에 비해(서)
N + 에 비해(서) is used when comparing the properties of two nouns (or actions in noun forms). In terms of meaning and position in a sentence it works in a similar way as 보다:
한국이 중국보다 너무 작은 나라에요.
Korea is a much smaller country than China.
한국은 중국에 비해 너무 작은 나라에요.
Compared to China, Korea is a very small country.
==========================
한국은 영국에 비해 인터넷이 정말 빨라요.
Compared to the UK, the internet in Korea is really fast.
올해는 일주일 세번 훈련하기 때문에 작년에 비해 더 빨리 달릴 수 있어요.
Because this year I train three times a week, I can run faster compared to last year.
E-마트는 홈플러스에 비해 제품의 질이 높은 것 같아요.
Compared to Homeplus, E-Mart’s products seem to be higher quality.
영양사가 말하길 한국인은 다른 나라사람에 비해 음식에 소금을 많이 넣는다고 말해요.
Nutritionists say that, compared to other nationalities, Koreans put too much salt in their food.
달리기는 산책하기에 비해 많은 열량이 소모돼요.
Compared with a stroll, running burns more calories.
What is the difference between 에 비해서 and 보다?
These two forms are often used in very similar fashions. Up to personal preference, they can be used in the same types of ways most of the time. Personally, I use 보다 much more frequently (“N+에 비해서”란 말 보다, “N+보다” 더 많이 써요).
From a literal perspective, N+에 비해(서) means “compared to N,” whereas N+보다 means “…. than N,” as in “more than N,” or “smaller than N.”
Technically, the form N+에 비해(서) is a postposition (에) combined with a verb (비하다). The form N+보다 is just a postposition.
There are some times where N+에 비해(서) can be used, but N+보다 cannot be. Here are some examples of such cases.
나이에 비해 어른스럽다. He is old for his age. 그 아이는 나이에 비해서 퍽 성숙했다. She is rather mature for her age. 그의 목소리는 뚱뚱한 몸집에 비해 상당한 고음이구나! For such a husky fellow, his voice sure is high!
A slight alteration on the N+비해(서) form is N+비하면, meaning ‘if you compare N to/with….”
노력에 비하면 성과가 미비하다. The results are subpar in relation to our efforts.
All of these examples employ the “to compare to/with” meaning of 비하다.
Lesson 89: Comparing using fractions and orders of Magnitude
Click here for a Workbook to go along with this lesson.
This Lesson is also available in Español
Jump to:
Vocabulary
Introduction
To compare: 비교하다
Comparing with 비해다
Orders of Magnitude: 배
Korean Fractions
Vocabulary
Nouns:
화가 = painter
Examples:
이 작품은 화가가 죽기 전에 출시됐어야 해요
= This creation should have been displayed before the artist passed away 화가가 전체 그림의 4 분의 1 을 벽에 그렸어요
= The painter painted one quarter of the whole painting on the wall 우리는 수업 시간에 이 화가를 옛날 화가하고 비교했어요
= During class, we compared this painter with painters from a long time ago 몇몇 훌륭한 화가들의 작품은 아직도 미완성으로 남아 있어요
= The works of some great artists are still left incomplete
밤중 = the middle of the night
Common Usages:
한 밤중 = in the dead of the night, right in the middle of the night Examples:
밤중에 택시를 타면 가격은 세 배 더 비싸요
= If you take a taxi in the middle of the night, the price is three times more expensive 한 밤중에 갑자기 누군가가 현관문을 두드려서 깜짝 놀랐어요
= In the dead of the night, somebody knocked on my door and it really surprised me
모음 = vowel
Examples:
한국어는 영어에 비해 모음이 더 많아요
= There are more vowels in the Korean language compared to English 자음과 모음을 먼저 배우면 영어 발음을 더 쉽게 익힐 수 있어요
= If you learn consonants and vowels first you can pick up English pronunciation easier
자음 = consonant
Common Usages:
쌍자음 = double consonant (like ㄲ, ㅃ, ㅆ) Examples:
한국어 자음 중에 발음하기 어려운 자음은 쌍자음이에요
= The most difficult consonants to pronounce in Korean are the double consonants 자음과 모음을 먼저 배우면 영어 발음을 더 쉽게 익힐 수 있어요
= If you learn consonants and vowels first you can pick up English pronunciation easier
인삼 = ginseng
Examples:
한국 사람들은 체력이 딸릴 때 인삼과 홍삼을 주로 먹어요
= Korean people, when they’re bodies get weak, often eat ginseng and red ginseng 인삼은 사람의 체질에 따라 잘 맞는 사람도 있고 잘 안 맞는 사람도 있으니 주의해야 돼요
= Depending on one’s body type, there are some people who ginseng works well on and some who don’t, so you should be careful
성함 = a high respect way to refer to somebody’s name
Common Usages:
성함이 어떻게 되세요? = What is your name? Examples:
그 사람의 성함을 몰라서 어떻게 되냐고 물어봤어요
= I didn’t know that person’s name so I asked what it is 많은 사람들이 이 수업에 등록했는데 등록한 사람의 성함의 5 분의 1 은 목록에 없어요
= A lot of people registered for this class, but one fifth of the names of the people who registered aren’t on the list
필통 = pencil case
Examples:
요즘에 학생의 3 분의 1 은 그 필통을 가지고 있어요
= These days, one third of students have that pencil case 각 학생마다 개성에 따라 가지고 다니는 필통도 달라요
= As each students’ personality is different, so is the pencil case that they carry around
베개 = pillow
Notes: Korean people commonly misspell 베개. It is confusing to remember if the correct spelling is 베게, 배게, 베개 or 배개. Common Usages:
베갯잇 = pillow case
베개를 베다 = to put one’s head on a pillow Examples:
이 베개를 베는 것은 찝찝해요
= I feel uncomfortable using this pillow 새로운 침대를 사는 김에 새로운 베개도 사자
= While we are buying a new bed let’s buy some new pillows too 이 베개를 저것과 비교하면 이 베개가 훨씬 부드러워요
= If you compare this pillow with that one, this pillow is much softer
강당 = lecture hall, auditorium
Examples:
학생들이 그때 학년별로 강당에서 나올 거예요
= Students will leave the auditorium in the order of grade 우리 학교 강당은 제가 다녔던 중학교 강당에 비해 두 배 더 넓어요
= Our school’s auditorium is twice as big/wide as the auditorium of the middle school I used to attend 저는 오바마 대통령이 한국에서 연설을 하는 것을 보고 싶지만 강당이 이미 가득 찼어요
= I want to see President Obama’s speech in Korean but the lecture hall is already completely full
일종 = one type of…
Examples:
몇몇 사람들은 사랑을 일종의 화학 반응일 뿐이라고 생각한다
= Some people think that love is nothing but a type of chemical reaction 아이폰이 일종의 컴퓨터인데 사람의 3 분의 1 이 핸드폰으로만 써요
= The iPhone is a (one) type of computer, but one third of people use it only as a phone
성분 = ingredients, components
Common Usages:
전성분 = all ingredients
천연성분 = natural ingredients
화학성분 = chemical ingredients Examples:
우유의 성분의 1/5 은 물이에요
= One fifth of the components/ingredients of milk is water 화장품을 살 때 꼼꼼히 전성분을 살펴보고 사야 피부 트러블을 줄일 수 있어요
= When you buy cosmetics, if you look closely at all the ingredients in them, you can decrease your skin problems
앞니 = front teeth
Common Usages:
앞니가 깨지다 = to get a front tooth chipped Examples:
동물의 어금니가 앞니에 비해 더 강해요
= The molars of animals are stronger compared to their front teeth 우리 아버지가 앞니 사이가 벌어져 있어요
= Our dad has a gap in his front teeth
어금니 = molars
Common Usages:
어금니를 뽑다 = to pull out a molar Examples:
치과의사가 저의 어금니에 충치가 생겼대요
= The dentist says that I have a cavity on a molar 동물의 어금니가 앞니에 비해 더 강해요
= The molars of animals are stronger compared to their front teeth
자판기 = vending machine
Examples:
우리 학교에 자판기가 있어서 학생들이 항상 콜라를 마시고 다녀요
= Our school has a vending machine, so students are always drinking cola 이 자판기가 편의점보다 식품을 세 배 더 비싸게 팔아요
= This vending machine sells food products for three times the price of a convenience store
이민자 = immigrant
Common Usages:
이민자 정책 = immigration policies Examples:
한국은 다른 나라보다 이민자가 적어요
= Korea doesn’t have that many immigrants compared to other countries 캐나다가 특이한 게 인구의 1/4 은 이민자예요
= The unique thing about Canada is that the population is one-quarter immigrants
연락처 = one’s contact information
Examples:
저의 친구 연락처의 10 분의 1 을 잃어버렸어요
= I lost one-tenth of my friends’ contact information 명단을 잃어버려서 친구 연락처를 하나씩 찾을 수밖에 없어요
= I have no choice but to add/find my friend’s contacts one by one (now that I) because I lost my contact list 핸드폰에 연락처 기능이 있어서 요즘에 사람들은 기억력이 좋지 않아도 돼요
= Cell phones have contact functions in them so these days people don’t need to have a good memory
시아버지 = a woman’s father in law
Notes: Traditionally, parents in law would have very high expectations for their daughter in law. These days, this is usually seen on main holidays like 설날 and 추석, where people often go to the male’s parent’s home (called the 시집). Unfortunately, the daughter-in-law is often “expected” to spend most of her time preparing meals. Luckily, this is slowly changing, but this expectation still remains in many families. As such, women don’t often have the warmest feelings towards their mother- and father-in-laws. They are sometimes jokingly referred to as “C-words,” which comes from the “시” in 시아버지 and 시어머니. Common Usages:
시아버님 = A more formal way to refer to one’s father in law Examples:
오늘 처음으로 시아버지 되실 분을 만나는 날이라 매우 떨려요
= Today is the day that I will meet my father in law to-be, so I am very nervous 이번 주에 시아버님 생신이라 주말에 모여 함께 식사를 하기로 했어요
= It is my father in law’s birthday this week so we are going to get together and have a meal on the weekend
시어머니 = a woman’s mother in law
Notes: See note about “C-words” in 시아버지. Common Usages:
시어머님 = A more formal way to refer to one’s mother in law Examples:
갑자기 밤중에 시어머님께 전화가 와서 깜짝 놀랐어요
= Suddenly we got a call from my mother in law in the middle of the night so I was surprised 우리 시어머니는 음식하시는 것을 좋아하셔서 매주 반찬을 갖다 주세요
= My mother in law likes cooking, so every week she brings us some side dishes
식품 = food products
Common Usages:
수입식품 = imported food
식품 위생 = food sanitation
건강식품 = health foods Examples:
다른 건강 식품과 비교하면 인삼이 몸에 더 좋아요
= If compared to other health products ginseng is better for your body 저의 와이프가 그 식품을 한국에 최초로 수입했어요
= My wife was the first person to import that (food) product to Korea 이 자판기가 편의점보다 식품을 세 배 더 비싸게 팔아요
= This vending machine sells food products for three times the price (three times more expensively) of a convenience store 재해를 대비하여 잘 안 상하는 식품을 조금씩 사기 시작하고 있어요
= To prepare for disaster, little by little I am starting to buy food products that don’t go bad easily
Verbs:
비하다 = to compare to
작년에 비해 올해 2kg 가 쪘어요
= I gained 2 kilograms this year compared to last year 우리 아들은 또래에 비해 훨씬 똑똑해요
= Our son is much smarter compared to his peers 한국어는 영어에 비해 모음이 더 많아요
= There are more vowels in the Korean language compared to English 동물의 어금니가 앞니에 비해 더 강해요
= The molars of animals are stronger compared to their front teeth 한국 인구는 캐나다 인구에 비해 조금 많아요
= The population of Korea is a little bit higher compared to the population of Canada 우리 학교는 다른 학교에 비해 영어 선생님이 많아요
= Our school has more English teachers compared to other schools 하철기에는 보통 가스비가 동절기에 비해 훨씬 적게 나와요
= The gas bill is usually much lower in the summer compared to winter 대체로 중학교 학생들이 고등학교 학생들에 비해 키가 작아요
= Usually, middle school students are shorter (in height) than high school students 이곳은 다른 곳에 비해 공기가 맑고 깨끗해서 더 쾌적하게 느껴져요
= Compared to other places, the air is clearer and cleaner, so this place feels nicer 그 선수는 다른 선수들에 비해 실력이 월등해서 모든 게임을 이겼어요
= That athlete’s skills are much better than other athletes, so he won all of the games
끼어들다 = to cut in-front of, to bud-in
This word follows the ㄹ irregular. Common Usages:
잽싸게 끼어들다 = to swiftly cut in-front of
차선에 끼어들다 = to cut somebody off while driving Examples:
고속도로에서 깜빡이를 키지 않고 옆 차선에 끼어들다 사고가 날 뻔 했어요
= An accident almost happened on the highway when a car didn’t turn its blinkers on and cut in-front of a car 이 줄이 다른 줄보다 두 배 더 빨리 움직여서 사람들이 자꾸 이 줄에 끼어들어요
= This line is moving twice as fast as other lines, so people keep budding into this line
이민하다 = to immigrate
The noun form of this word “이민” translates to “immigration” Common Usages:
이민자 = immigrant
이민을 가다 = to immigrate Examples:
한국으로 이민하는 과정은 복잡해요
= The process of immigrating to Korea is complicated 한국은 다른 나라보다 이민자가 적어요
= Korea doesn’t have that many immigrants compared to other countries 이민을 가는 게 최선의 선택일 것 같아요
= Immigrating will probably be the best choice 저희 부모님은 오랫동안 해온 사업을 접고 캐나다로 이민을 갔어요
= My parents closed their business they had been running for a long time and immigrated to Canada
Adjectives:
특이하다 = to be unusual, to be unique
Examples:
캐나다가 특이한 게 인구의 1/4 은 이민자예요
= The unique thing about Canada is that the population is one-quarter immigrants 한국 사람들이 영어로 말할 때는 특이한 억양이 있어요
= When Korean people speak in English, they have a unique accent
Adverbs and Other Words:
생전 = in one’s whole life
Examples:
캐나다 사람들은 그 나라 사람들보다 생전에 돈을 두 배 더 벌 수 있어요
= Canadians can earn twice as much money in their lives as people of that country 아버님 생전에 꼭 유럽 여행을 보내드리고 싶었는데 그러지 못해서 마음이 아파요
= I’ve wanted to send my father to Europe my whole life, but I was never able to so I’m upset
재작년 = two years ago, the year before last
Examples:
재작년에 그 회사의 수익은 십억 원이었어요
= That company’s profit two years ago was one billion won 저는 재작년에 비해 돈을 두 배 더 벌고 있어요
= I am earning twice as much as I did the year before last
Introduction
In this lesson, you will learn a variety of new words and grammatical principles that you can use in comparative sentences. Previously, way back in Lesson 19, you learned how to make comparisons in sentences by using ~보다. In this lesson, you will learn how 비교하다 and ~에 비해 can also be used to make comparisons. In addition, you will learn how to compare situations using orders of magnitude and fractions. Let’s get started!
To compare: 비교하다
Before we get into anything too complicated, I want to talk about the word “비교하다” briefly. 비교하다 is an actual verb that means “to compare,” which makes it different than ~보다. Where ~보다 is a particle that is attached directly to a noun that is being compared, 비교하다 is a verb that is conjugated at the end of a clause or sentence. 비교하다 can be used simply in sentences to mean “to compare.” For example:
저를 그 사람과 비교하지 마세요
= Don’t compare me with that person
저의 시어머니가 저를 자기 딸과 항상 비교해요
= My mother-in-law always compares me to her daughter
우리는 수업 시간에 이 화가를 옛날 화가하고 비교했어요
= During class, we compared this painter with painters from a long time ago
Notice that ~와, ~과, ~랑, ~이랑 or ~하고 should be attached to the noun that the object is being compared with.
You can use the grammatical principles that you learned in Lesson 43 to create sentences that say “if/when one compares.” For example:
저는 그 사람과 비교하면 더 똑똑해 보여요
= If you compare me to that person, I look smarter
이 차를 BMW와 비교하면 이 차는 훨씬 싸요
= If you compare this car with a BMW, this car is much cheaper
이 베개를 저것과 비교하면 이 베개가 훨씬 부드러워요
= If you compare this pillow with that one, this pillow is much softer
다른 건강 식품과 비교하면 인삼이 몸에 더 좋아요
= If you compare ginseng to other health products, ginseng is better for your body
You could use ~보다 (from Lesson 19) to create essentially the same meaning as these sentences. For example:
저는 그 사람보다 더 똑똑해 보여요 = I look smarter than that person
이 차는 BMW보다 훨씬 싸요 = This car is much cheaper than a BMW
The “비” in “비교하다” originates from the Chinese (Hanja) character 比 which refers to a comparison. Another Korean word where you can find this character is 비하다 (比하다), which can be used to create sentences similar in meaning (and structure) to those with ~보다. I will talk about this in the following section.
Comparing with 비하다
비하다 is a verb that is similar in function to verbs like 대하다 (Lesson 13), 위하다 (Lesson 13) and 관하다 (Lesson 34). Let’s look at how these words are used:
그 회계사는 정부에 대해 나쁜 말을 했어요
= That accountant said bad things about the government
저는 친구를 위해 빵을 만들었어요
= I made bread for my friend
이 문제에 관해 회의가 있을 것이다
= There will be a meeting relating to this problem
비하다 is often used like these words. If you attach ~에 to a noun and place 비해(서) after it, you can compare that noun to something else. For example:
우리 아들은 또래에 비해 훨씬 똑똑해요
= Our son is much smarter compared to his peers
한국어는 영어에 비해 모음이 더 많아요
= There are more vowels in the Korean language compared to English
동물의 어금니가 앞니에 비해 더 강해요
= The molars of animals are stronger compared to their front teeth
한국 인구는 캐나다 인구에 비해 조금 많아요
= The population of Korea is a little bit higher compared to the population of Canada
우리 학교는 다른 학교에 비해 영어 선생님이 많아요
= Our school has more English teachers compared to other schools
Orders of Magnitude: 배
Now that you know how to use ~보다, ~에 비해 and 비교하다 to make comparisons, I want to teach you how to compare things by orders of magnitude. For example, you already know how to create a sentence like this:
I am stronger than you
But you haven’t been able to state that you are stronger by a certain order of magnitude. For example, to create these types of sentences:
I am twice as strong as you, or
I am three times stronger than you
To create these types of sentences, “배” acts a counter of orders of magnitude. Note that because we are counting things (we are counting orders of magnitudes), the number before “배” should be a pure Korean number – just like any other counter.
For example:
두 배 = twice (two times)
세 배 = three times
네 배 = four times
You can use these constructions in sentences to compare things by a certain order of magnitude. For example:
두 배 더 강하다 = two times stronger (twice as strong)
다섯 배 더 똑똑하다 = five times smarter
These constructions can then go into sentences where appropriate. For example:
저는 저의 남동생보다 두 배 더 강해요
= I am twice as strong as my younger brother
저는 재작년에 비해 돈을 두 배 더 벌고 있어요
= I am earning twice as much as I did the year before last
이 자판기가 편의점보다 식품을 세 배 더 비싸게 팔아요
= This vending machine sells food products for three times the price (three times more expensively) of a convenience store
우리 학교 강당은 제가 다녔던 중학교 강당에 비해 두 배 더 넓어요
= Our school’s auditorium is twice as big/wide as the auditorium of the middle school I used to attend
캐나다 사람들은 그 나라 사람들보다 생전에 돈을 두 배 더 벌 수 있어요
= Canadians can earn twice as much money in their lives as people of that country
우리 학교 학생들은 같은 나이에 다른 학교 학생들보다 다섯 배 더 똑똑해요
= The students at our school are five times smarter than students of the same age at different schools
이 줄이 다른 줄보다 두 배 더 빨리 움직여서 사람들이 자꾸 이 줄에 끼어들어요
= This line is moving twice as fast as other lines, so people keep budding into this line
In practice (in English and Korean), you don’t need to state what you are comparing to – as often times constructions like “twice as much” or “ten times as much” are compared to the implied present or original situation. For example:
그 동안 집값은 열 배 비싸졌어요
= During that time the price of went up ten fold
우리는 두 배 더 빨리 가고 싶어요
= We want to go twice as fast
밤중에 택시를 타면 가격은 세 배 더 비싸요
= If you take a taxi in the middle of the night, the price is three times more expensive
지난 10년 동안 한국 생활 수준은 두 배 높아졌어요
= Over the past ten years, the standard of living in Korea doubled
Sometimes you will see ~(으)로 added to 배. My wife feels that the example sentences above (without ~(으)로) are equivalent in meaning to the sentences below (with ~(으)로). If anything, she says that the sentences above would be more common. Nonetheless, these are grammatically possible:
저는 재작년에 비해 돈을 두 배로 더 벌고 있어요
이 자판기가 편의점보다 식품을 세 배로 더 비싸게 팔아요
우리 학교 강당은 제가 다녔던 중학교 강당에 비해 두 배로 더 넓어요
우리 학교 학생들은 같은 나이에 다른 학교 학생들보다 다섯 배로 더 똑똑해요
캐나다 사람들은 그 나라 사람들보다 생전에 돈을 두 배로 더 벌 수 있어요
이 줄이 다른 줄보다 두 배로 더 빨리 움직여서 사람들이 자꾸 이 줄에 끼어들어요
우리는 두 배로 더 빨리 가고 싶어요
그 동안 집값은 열 배로 비싸졌어요
밤중에 택시를 타면 가격은 세 배로 더 비싸요
지난 10년 동안 한국 생활수준은 두 배로 높아졌어요
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If you want to use a number with a decimal, you can use the word “점” in Korean which literally translates to a “point” or “spot.” Take note of how the numbers below would be pronounced:
2.5 = “이 점 오”
3.6 = “삼 점 육”
10.4 = “십 점 사”
We can compare things by orders of magnitude using numbers with decimals. The numeral is typically written instead of the words (for example, writing 2.5 instead of 이 점 오) when writing numbers containing a decimal. For example:
그 주식 가격은 2.5배로 올랐어요
= That stock’s price went up 2.5 fold
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Now that you know how to compare things by orders of magnitude of whole numbers, it would be good to learn how to do this with fractions. I will talk about this in the next section.
Korean Fractions
Using fractions to say “one half,” “one third” or “one quarter” in Korean is counter-intuitive as an English speaker. When creating a fraction in Korean, the denominator (the number on the bottom) is said first, and the numerator (the number on the top) is said last. Between the two, “분의” should be said. For example:
2분의 1 = one half
4분의 1 = one quarter
5분의 2 = two fifths
3분의 1 = one third
“분” comes from the Chinese character 分 which (if you have been keeping up with your Hanja studies, you should know) refers to a part or division. Essentially, when you say something like “4분의 1,” you are literally saying “one part of four.”
A few things to note before we move on:
1) The Chinese numbers (일, 이, 삼, 사, etc..) are used when speaking these numbers. For example:
1/4 is read as “사 분의 일”
2/5 is read as “오 분의 이”
1/3 is read as “삼 분의 일”
2) “의” is typically pronounced as “에” in these constructions. You might want to check out our pronunciation notes of 의 to learn more about this phenomenon. Korean people get confused about this as well, and often think that “~에” should be attached to 분 when they write it because that’s the way they pronounce it.
3) The constructions above show how those fractions would be spoken in Korean. When writing those fractions, it could also be possible to write the fraction.
4) When referring to a portion of some noun as a fraction, the fraction is most commonly placed after the noun with ~의 attached to the noun to describe the fraction. I talk about this function of ~의 as a way to describe things in Lesson 23. For example:
“사람의 2분의 1” = one half of people
“저의 친구의 3분의 1” = one third of (my) friends
“이민자의 10분의 1” = one tenth of immigrants
Grammatically, it is also possible to place the fraction before the noun. In these cases, ~의 is typically added to the fraction so that it can describe the noun. For example:
“2분의 1의 사람” = one half of people
“3 분의 1의 친구” = one third of (my) friends
“10 분의 1의 이민자” = one tenth of immigrants
Now that we know this, let’s look at ways that fractions can be used in sentences.
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Imagine your friend gives you a massive plate of food, and you know that you won’t be able to eat it all. You want to ask him to only give you a portion of the original amount of food. You could say that you will only eat a fraction of that amount by saying the following:
나는 그것의 3분의 1만 먹을 건데
= (but…) I’m only going to eat one-third of that
Notice here that the fraction we created is actually the object of the sentence. Below are more examples where the fraction is the object of a sentence – where the verb acts on the fraction:
저는 그 영화의 3분의 1을 봤어요
= I watched one third of that movie
화가가 전체 그림의 4분의 1을 벽에 그렸어요
= The painter painted one quarter of the whole painting on the wall
저의 친구 연락처의 10분의 1을 잃어버렸어요
= I lost one-tenth of my friends’ contact information
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Imagine you want to state that a certain fraction of something is made up of one thing in particular. For example, if you want to state that there are a lot of immigrants in Canada, you can indicate the amount of people specifically using a fraction. For example:
캐나다가 특이한 게 인구의 1/4은 이민자예요
= The unique thing about Canada is that the population is one-quarter immigrants
Notice here that the fraction we created is actually the subject of the sentence. Below are more examples where the fraction is the subject of a sentence:
우유의 성분의 1/5은 물이에요
= One fifth of the components/ingredients of milk is water
요즘에 학생의 3분의 1은 그 필통을 가지고 있어요
= These days, one third of students have that pencil case
아이폰이 일종의 컴퓨터인데 사람의 3분의 1이 핸드폰으로만 써요
= The iPhone is a (one) type of computer, but one third of people use it only as a phone
많은 사람들이 이 수업에 등록했는데 등록한 사람의 성함의 5분의 일은 목록에 없어요
= A lot of people registered for this class, but one fifth of the names of the people who registered aren’t on the list
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If you want to compare something by a fraction of an order of magnitude, you can describe the fraction with the thing that is being compared with ~의. Following that construction, you can attach ~만큼 (which you learned about in Lesson 72) to the fraction. For example:
저는 제 친구 용돈의 1/2만큼 받아요
= I get half the amount of allowance as my friend
When saying “1/2,” it would be more natural to simply use the word “반” meaning “half.” However, in this lesson I am focusing on fractions.
It would also be acceptable to change the style of the sentence and use one of the types of sentences that you have learned previously. For example:
제가 받는 용돈은 제 친구가 받는 용돈의 2분의 1이에요
= The allowance that I receive is half of that of what my friend receives
It would also be natural to simply create the opposite of this sentence and change the fraction to “two times” using 배. For example:
저의 친구는 저보다 용돈을 두 배 더 받아요
= My friend gets twice the (amount of) allowance that I get
Below are more examples:
우리 집은 강남에 있는 집의 4분의 1만큼 싸요
= Our house is a quarter cheaper than the houses in 강남
우리 집값은 강남에 있는 집값의 4분의 3이에요
= The price of our house is three-quarters that of the price of houses in Gangnam
This is math-related, and is confusing. Notice that I had to use different fractions to refer to the same thing in the two examples above. In the first example, I am using the adjective 싸다, which means I am indicating that our house is 25% cheaper than houses in Gangnam. In the second example, if I used the fraction “4분의 1” that would translate to “the price of our house is one quarter the price of houses in Gangnam” – meaning our house is 75% cheaper than houses in Gangnam. However, by using the fraction “4분의3” in the second example, I am indicating that it is 75% of the price, but 25% cheaper – which is the same meaning as the sentence above. Confusing, I know.–
제가 외국 사람이라서 친구들이 낸 돈의 1/3만큼 냈어요
= Because I am a foreigner, I paid one third (of the amount of) the money that my friends paid
제가 외국 사람이라서 제가 낸 돈은 친구들이 낸 돈의 1/3이에요
= Because I am a foreigner, the amount (money) that I paid is one third the amount (money) of that of my friends
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Korean people would usually not use a fraction when talking about distance. If referring to a distance in kilometers and the measurement was smaller than one kilometer, instead of using a fraction they would refer to it in meters. For example:
Half a kilometer = 500 미터 (“오백 미터”)
For distances between whole numbers of kilometers, they would use a decimal. For example:
1.5 kilometers = 1.5킬로미터 (“일 점 오 킬로미터”)
For example:
우리는 어제 가게까지 1.5킬로미터를 걸었어요
= We walked 1.5km to the store yesterday
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That’s it for this lesson!
Click here for a Workbook to go along with this lesson.
Click here for Korean Short Stories specifically tailored to learners at this level.
Okay, got it! Click here to go to the next lesson!
Korean study
~ㄴ/은/는 편이다 – rather, somewhat, tend to be, pretty, quite (편 = side)
present tense action verb: ~는 편이다
past tense action verb or decriptive verb: ~ㄴ/은 편이다
비싸요 = It’s expensive
비싼 편이에요 = It’s rather expensive. It’s not the cheapest. It’s a bit expensive.
피아노를 잘 쳐요 = I play the piano well
피아노를 잘 치는 편이에요 = I play the piano rather well
큰 편이에요 – rather big, on the big side, tends to be big
저도 여기 자주 오는 편이에요 = I also come here quite often.
~에 비해서 = Compared to
이것보다 큰 편이에요 = tends to be bigger than this.
저보다 바쁜 편이에요 = somewhat busier than me.
지난 주보다 바쁜 편이에요 = rather busier than last week
지난 주에 비해서 바쁜 편이에요 = Compared to last week we are rather busy
한국어에 비해서 일본어는 발음이 쉬운 편이에요 – Compared to Korean Japanese pronunciation tends to be easier.
저에 비해서 잘하는 편이에요 = Compared to me, you are pretty good at it
여기는 다른 곳에 비해서 조용한 편이에요 = Compared to other places, this place pretty quiet.
그래도 버스에 비해서 지하철이 빠른 편이에요 = But still, compared to the bus, the subway is faster.
~에 비하면 = If you compare it to
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