How To Play Slope On School Computer? Quick Answer

Developed by OnePear, Slope Run is an addictive racing game that will remind you of the old fashioned arcade classics. Set in a futuristic setting, this mobile game combines retro feel with surreal high-tech elements. Players can access the game on their Android devices. Needless to say, Slope Run will provide you with plenty of entertainment.

As the title suggests, the goal of the game is to reach the end of the slope course. But that is often easier said than done. Due to the various obstacles, the missions in Slope Run can be quite challenging. That’s why we’ve developed a comprehensive guide. If you follow our slope run cheats, tips and tricks, you will easily reach the finish line in every stage. So, let’s go down the slope and see what this game is all about.

1. Choose the right mode

Slope Run is a racing simulation. But you will not compete against other players when playing this game. In fact, your only opponent is your high score, which is the finish line. The goal is to get the ball to the finish without hitting the walls or falling into the abyss. Of course, players can complete certain tasks along the way, but we will focus on that in the coming chapters.

For now, let’s just say that Slope Run offers players two distinct game modes. On the lobby screen, you can choose between endless mode or normal mode. As the name suggests, Endless mode allows you to take the ball on an endless run. You could go on like this for days without a finish line, at least in theory. Normal mode, on the other hand, takes you down the slope on smaller descents. Each stage has a finish line and the levels get harder and harder as the game progresses.

2. Collect diamonds along the way

Diamonds are the only in-game currency you need in Slope Run. Gems will help you pass the missions, acquire new balls and so on. That’s why it’s important to collect as many gems as possible. However, Slope Run isn’t that generous when it comes to diamonds, and you have to work for them.

Of course, a certain amount of diamonds will go your way after completing a challenge. For example after collecting 10,000 points or for a similar “occasion”. But the easiest way to collect gems is to catch them while sliding down the slope. While on the run, at certain moments you should change your trajectory and aim for the diamonds.

The process of harvesting the gems is simple. But the speed of the ball will make it difficult for you. The faster you move, the harder it will be to adjust your direction and collect the gems. Nevertheless, we advise players to get hold of as many diamonds as possible.

3. Get on the boosters

Slope Run’s action packed gameplay will make you fall in love with this game. The rousing atmosphere and rapid changes of direction ensure a dazzling gaming experience. However, in order to develop the breathtaking speed, you need to use some assistance. Because of this, boosters are lying around, scattered along the path you need to complete.

The boosters are shaped in the form of arrows on the ground. Like a classic traffic sign, they point you in the right direction. But they also do more than that. As soon as you go over a booster, for example, the ball is pushed forward strongly. This speed boost can propel the ball to the finish line, allowing you to jump over multiple obstacles. By stepping on a few boosters in a row you can create a combo that will send your ball flying down the slope at incredible speed. All in all, boosters are a great tool to make the slope run even more dynamic and fun.

4. Stay in the middle of the track

The further you go down the slope, the more challenging the obstacle course becomes. The path will become more winding and you will also spend more time soaring through space. Because of all these problems, it’s easy to make a mistake and lose a life. Unfortunately, Slope Run shows no mercy. As soon as you make a mistake, the run is over and you have to go back to the starting line.

To minimize the risk of making mistakes, we recommend that you always stay in the middle of the track. This way you have better chances of completing the quest. The reason for this is simple – the middle of the slope allows you to move slightly left or right depending on the circumstances. Also, put some distance between the ball and the walls. Another quick tip is to reduce the wobble as much as possible. In other words, try to keep the ball steady and avoid sudden movements.

5. Plan your moves as you fly through the air

Slope Run offers a wide range of obstacles and shapes. Most of the time players will slide down a slope in one quick motion and step on these different objects. As we have already seen, some of the elements will make the run even faster and more energetic. On the other hand, some objects can slow down the action, giving you a moment to collect your thoughts and create a small plan of action.

When playing Slope Run, you mainly rely on your luck. The surreal speed of the ball doesn’t leave much room for planning and thinking. Instincts must take over. However, if you land on a round object or a triangle, you will be launched high into the air. Once in the air, time seems to slow down, at least a little. During these “flight sequences” players can observe the path ahead. It is important to plan your landing spot during flight and to develop a strategy for the obstacles ahead.

6. Save your progress

We’ve already mentioned that the obstacles in Slope Run are unforgiving. One small mistake and you’re out. On the one hand, this improves excitement and increases your adrenaline levels. But many players will get frustrated as they approach the finish line and slide into the deep crevice. Yes, we know that such a scenario happened to you too. We’ve all had those moments.

Before you throw your phone against the wall, here’s an easy fix. After you make a mistake, Slope Run will ask you if you want to keep your progress. In other words, you can continue running from the same place where the error happened. The only requirement is to watch an ad. That’s why we advise players to invest those 20 seconds of their time in watching a video. That way you complete a stage and there is no frustration or fear. In the end, Slope Run should be fun and enjoyable. Let’s keep it like this.

7. Invest the diamonds

Earlier in our Slope Run guide we mentioned the only currency in this game – the Diamonds. We also covered how to acquire more Gems. Likewise, there are multiple methods of spending hard-earned gems. Of course, the most obvious thing to do is to use them to continue the missions and stages. Aside from watching the ads, sometimes you can continue the run by also investing a certain amount of diamonds.

Another way to spend the diamonds is to visit the in-game shop. A wide variety of balls available can help make the slope run a more colorful game. While new balls are mostly for cosmetic change, we encourage players to spend some money on this element of gameplay. You might also be surprised by the improved performance of the balls.

8. Spin the wheel of fortune

Similar to many other games in the current market, Slope Run offers various incentives to the players. For example, a gift box will appear in the top left corner from time to time. Make sure you open this box. After collecting this reward, a certain amount of diamonds will go your way. But that’s not all. The Spinning Wheel is also in the top left of the screen.

Players can make one spin per hour. The good thing about this wheel of fortune is that you cannot be on the losing side. Each part of the wheel offers some kind of reward. That means you can either unlock a new orb or get a bag full of diamonds. No third option. So make sure you spin the wheel at every opportunity. Needless to say, when you watch an ad you can get a free spin.

With our final tip, we wrap up our 8 Slop Run cheats, tips and tricks. In case you know any other strategies that could help the game succeed, please drop us a message in the comments section!

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Here are some examples of how games (runner or otherwise) handled this situation. There is no “best” and you still have to decide which one is right for your game.

The physically “right” way (vertical impulse)

To jump, add vertical momentum (red) to your movement speed (green). The resulting speed (blue) will always get you over the slope, so unless your slope gets too steep soon your character will always jump over the slope.

The caveat is that you can now jump very high when your character is dashing up a steep slope.

Vertical Jumps (Sonic)

When jumping, your jumping momentum goes in a direction (red) perpendicular to the slope (green). You may know this behavior from the Sonic games.

The caveat is that you often jump backwards on very steep slopes.

No jumping on slopes

You might decide that slopes are special and there is no point in jumping on them. Stairs, for example, are a special type of incline that you can’t jump on at all in some games.

The caveat is that whenever you take control away from the player, you must communicate expectations clearly, otherwise the player may become frustrated. Castlevania, for example, uses a special “stair climbing” animation to make it clear that it’s a special type of movement.

No running on steep slopes

Another option is to prevent climbing too steep slopes – players slide down like a wall-like obstacle. Since they fall or slide down, it is clear that they cannot jump during this time either.

No steep (up) slopes

You could take the easy way out and completely remove slopes that are giving you such troubles. That’s not as bad an idea as it sounds, because running up slopes isn’t fun; Running down slopes is much more exciting!

No Climbs (The Mu Answer)

As for gameplay, I’m a fan of minimalist design – as the saying goes, “Perfection isn’t achieved when there’s nothing left to add, but when there’s nothing left to take away”. Do slopes serve a useful game purpose or do they just look good – so are they fun? Finally, having a runner with no inclines is perfectly fine.

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Slopes can be more than one and less than negative.

A grade determines how steep a line is and the sign indicates whether it is “uphill” or “downhill”.

The lowest absolute slope (the absolute value of a slope) is $0$, which means the line is perfectly horizontal. A very small incline, i.e. $\frac 1{10}$ means that it is slightly uphill. (And an incline of $-\frac 1{10}$ means it’s slightly downhill.)

A $1 incline means it’s going up as fast as it’s going forward. The slope has an angle of $45^{\circ}$. (And a $-1$ slope means it’s going down as fast as it’s going forward). This is not a limit. You can have lines that are steeper.

An incline greater than $1 means it’s climbing faster than it’s going forward. A huge incline like $1000 would mean going up $1000 feet for going forward $1 foot. (Same with negatives, but downhill.)

Now there is a problem. do you see what it is

What if the line is perfectly vertical? Then we say the slope is infinite. The equation of such a line cannot be written as $y = mx + b$. It must be written as $x = c$. ($y$ can be any point and $x$ is always $c$.)

In the case of a vertical line with an infinite gradient, it makes no sense to speak of negative or positive or of “uphill” or “downhill”. It’s just a straight drop with no forward or backward movement.

====

Likewise. You can write a line if $y=mx +b$ stands for any $m$ or $b$. Since $m$ can be any number, the slope can be any value, and of course if you think of it that way, it’s not limited to being between $-1$ and $1$.

The $y=7x -3$ line will be a line so steep that you will go up $7$ units for every unit you move forward. That’s a $7$ incline.

Rolling Ball 3D is an amazing endless running game. The mechanics of the game are simple: you must guide a 3D ball down a series of twisting slopes as it rolls and gains momentum.

Because the ball is moving so fast, you need quick reflexes and momentum to keep it under control. You must also try to collect the blue diamonds while rolling the dice to buy different objects and advance.

Besides this running game, you can play solitaire games online on World of Solitaire without any download or installation required.

slope 3

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Slope 3 is an exciting endless running game based on the Slope series. Drive a ball that rolls down a series of slopes, avoid obstacles and get a high score.

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Your mission is to control a ball rolling on the slopes, avoiding obstacles and keeping an eye on the road. The best thing would be if you can get the ball rolling as far as possible without smashing dead walls or falling into space. The longer you run on the race, the faster the ball rolls on course. The ball starts to move slowly and gets faster as much as possible. Your score increases by 1 point after each successful jump you perform. Try to control the ball as long as possible because the course is endless with no levels or steps. Earn your score to become the best admirable player on the leaderboard. However, be careful and watch out for the ball and the infinite racetrack. There are many crazy moving obstacles, treacherous pits, roadblocks and tricky objects on the slopes. In addition, with every minor adjustment, the ball can react in real time. Therefore, you should not hold the keyboard keys any longer, as the ball may fall deep.

When you play this game for the first time, you can think that the gameplay is simple and easy to control. It is believed that you only need to use the keyboard arrow keys to drive and avoid obstacles. That’s true, but not everything. Mastering this game is more complicated than you think. Why? The difficulty of this game lies in the high ball speed that requires accurate reflexes and fast hand speed. In addition, the obstacles on the slope are unpredictable and become more difficult after the race has been overcome.

The simple design with colorful 3D neon graphics and the simple mechanics of the slope game make up the charm of the game. In addition, the basic elements of physics have been taken into account in the design of the game, making the game as realistic as possible, with the virtual look being important. They all lead to the surprising allure of Slope 3. Immerse yourself in the virtual world to quell boredom on the playground after a hard day at school or college. If you are feeling bored or stressed and you are looking for a way to relieve your stress and increase your energy, the game is ideal.

Characteristics of slope 3

Eye-catching 3D neon graphics

Rapidly changing slopes

Tons of crazy and challenging obstacles: moving roadblocks, treacherous tunnels and murderous walls

The leaderboard lists the best players

Full screen mode available

Developed & published

The Slope 3 was developed by my team and released in September 2021. This game is gaining popularity all over the world thanks to its benefits and entertainment. Slope 3 can be played in your web browser.

Controls: Play with the arrow or A/D keys to avoid obstacles on the track.

A/Left Arrow = Move Left

D/Right Arrow = Move Right

Tips for the high score

Keep the ball in the middle of the lane

Plan your moves as the ball rolls

FAQs:

Is there an end to the slope game?

The slope game in general and slope 3 in private are types of endless games. You have no levels, stages as well as the finish line.

Where can I play slope 3?

You can play Slope 3 in your web browser.

What is the highest score on runway 3 2021?

The highest score is 455.

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keyword sports

Snooker (pronounced , )[1][2] is a cue sport played on a rectangular table covered with a green fabric called felt, with six pockets, one on each corner and one in the middle of each long one Side. The game was first played by British Army officers stationed in India in the second half of the 19th century. It is played with twenty-two balls, consisting of a cue ball, fifteen red balls, and six other balls—one yellow, one green, one brown, and one blue, pink, and black—collectively called the colors. Using a cue, each player or team takes turns hitting the cue ball to sink other balls in a predefined order, earning points for each successful pot and for each time the opposing player or team commits a foul. A single snooker frame is won by the player who scored the most points. A snooker match ends when a player reaches a predetermined number of frames.

Snooker gained its identity in 1875 when army officer Sir Neville Chamberlain, stationed at Ootacamund, Madras and Jubbulpore, devised a set of rules combining black pool and pyramids. The word snooker was an established derogatory term used to describe inexperienced or first-year military personnel. In the early 20th century, snooker was predominantly played in the United Kingdom, where it was considered a ‘gentleman’s sport’ until the early 1960s, when it grew in popularity as a national pastime and eventually spread overseas. The standard rules of the game were first established in 1919 when the Billiards Association and Control Club was formed. As a professional sport, snooker is now governed by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association.

The World Snooker Championship was first held in 1927. A key figure and pioneer in the early development of the sport, Joe Davis won fifteen consecutive world championships between 1927 and 1946. The “modern era” of snooker began in 1969 after the BBC commissioned the television series Pot Black, which later broadcast daily about the World Cup, which was first televised in 1978. Key figures of the game were Ray Reardon in the 1970s, Steve Davis in the 1980s and Stephen Hendry in the 1990s, each of whom won the world championship at least six times. Since 2000, Ronnie O’Sullivan has won the most world titles.

Top professional players compete in regular tournaments around the world, earning millions of pounds from the World Snooker Tour, a series of international events with participants from many different nationalities. The World Championship, UK Championship and Masters combine to form the Triple Crown Series, considered by many players to be the highest rated titles. Although the main professional tour is open to women, female players also compete on a separate amateur women’s tour organized by World Women’s Snooker. Competitive snooker is also available to non-professional players, including seniors and those with disabilities. The popularity of snooker has led to the creation of many variations based on the standard game but using different rules or devices, for example Six Red Snooker, the short-lived “Snooker Plus” and the newer Snooker Shoot Out version.

history [edit]

Snooker originated in the second half of the 19th century.[3] By the 1870s, billiards was popular with British Army officers stationed in Jubbulpore, India, and several variations of the game were developed during this time.[3] A similar game, originating in the 11th Devonshire Regiment’s wardroom in 1875,[5][6] combined the rules of two pool games: pyramid pool, played with fifteen red balls positioned in a triangle; and Black Pool, which involved shedding certain balls. Snooker was further developed in 1882 when its first set of rules was completed by British Army officer Sir Neville Chamberlain[a][5] who helped develop and popularize the game at Stone House in Ootacamund on a table built by Burroughes & Watts by boat been brought to India.[11][12] The word snooker was then a slang term used in the British Army to describe new recruits and inexperienced military personnel; Chamberlain used it to mock a young fellow officer’s substandard performance at the table.

Snooker was featured in an 1887 edition of the Sporting Life newspaper in England, leading to growing popularity.[5] Chamberlain was exposed as the inventor of the game 63 years later in a letter to The Field magazine published on March 19, 1938.[5] Snooker grew in popularity in the Indian colonies of the British Raj and the United Kingdom, but remained primarily a game for military officers and the nobility. Many gentlemen’s clubs that had a snooker table would not allow non-members to play inside. (Due to the game’s aristocratic origins, most tournaments in the professional field still require players to wear waistcoats and bow ties, although the need for such attire has been questioned.) To accommodate the growing interest, smaller and more open snooker clubs became established founded formed.[5] The Billiards Association (founded 1885) and the Billiards Control Club (founded 1908) merged to form the Billiards Association and Control Club (BA&CC) and a new, standardized set of rules for snooker was first introduced in 1919. The possibility of a tie was eliminated by using a newly spotted black as a tiebreaker. These rules are similar to those used today, although rules for a minimum point penalty were later imposed.

The first World Snooker Championship, held in 1926 and 1927, then known as the Professional Championship of Snooker, was won by Joe Davis. A professional women’s snooker championship (now the World Women’s Snooker Championship) was created in 1934 for top female players. A professional English billiards and snooker player, Davis has elevated the game from a recreational pursuit to a professional sporting activity. Davis won all fifteen tournaments held until 1946 when he retired from the championships. However, in the post-war period, snooker declined in popularity; Contested by just two players, the 1952 World Snooker Championship was replaced by the World Professional Match-Play Championship, also discontinued in 1957. In 1959, to increase the popularity of snooker, Davis introduced a variant called “Snooker Plus” which added two additional suits, but this version of the game was short-lived. A world championship for top amateur players, now known as the IBSF World Snooker Championship, was established in 1963[28] and the official world championship was revived in 1964 on a challenge basis.

The BBC launched its first color television service in July 1967.[29] In 1969 David Attenborough, then controller of BBC2, commissioned the snooker tournament television series Pot Black, mainly to demonstrate the potential of the BBC’s new color television service, as the green table and colored balls provided an ideal opportunity to demonstrate the advantages of the new one Broadcasting technology.[6][30][31] The series was a hit with ratings and for a time was the second most popular show on BBC2 behind Morecambe and Wise. That same year, the 1969 World Snooker Championship reverted to a knockout tournament format involving eight players. Because of these developments, 1969 marked the beginning of the modern snooker era. The 1977 World Snooker Championship moved to the Crucible Theater in Sheffield, where it has been staged ever since, and the 1978 World Snooker Championship was the first to be televised daily. Snooker quickly became a mainstream sport in the United Kingdom,[34][35] Ireland and much of the Commonwealth and has been consistently popular since the late 1970s, with most major tournaments being televised. In 1985 an estimated 18.5 million viewers stayed up into the wee hours to watch the conclusion of the World Cup final between Dennis Taylor and Steve Davis, a record UK viewership for any broadcast on BBC Two or any broadcast after midnight.[36][37 ]

As professional snooker became a mainstream sport, it became heavily dependent on tobacco advertising. Cigarette brand Embassy sponsored the World Snooker Championship for 30 consecutive years from 1976 to 2005, one of the longest running deals in British sport sponsorship.[38] In the early 2000s, a ban on tobacco advertising led to a reduction in the number of professional tournaments, from twenty-two events in 1999 to fifteen in 2003. The sport had become more popular in Asia with the rise of players like Ding Junhui and Marco Fu, and still received significant television coverage in the UK – the BBC devoted 400 hours to snooker in 2007, compared with just 14 minutes 40 years ago.[45] However, interest in snooker from the British public had waned significantly by the late 2000s. The Guardian newspaper warned in 2010 that the sport was “lurching into an incurable crisis” and predicted that within ten years snooker would cease to exist as a professional sport.[46] That same year, promoter Barry Hearn gained a majority stake in the World Snooker Tour and vowed to revive the “dying” professional game. Since then, the number of professional tournaments has increased, with 44 events taking place in the 2019–20 season.[50] Snooker tournaments have been adapted to make them more suitable for television audiences, with some tournaments being played over a shortened duration,[51] or the Snooker Shoot Out, a single frame timed competition.[52] The prize money for professional events has increased as the sport has continued to grow, with top players earning millions of pounds over the course of their careers.[53] Mark Selby, the 2021 World Snooker Championship winner, was awarded £500,000 out of a total prize fund of £2,395,000.[54] However, low-level professional players struggle to make a living from the sport, especially after paying tournament entry fees, travel and other expenses.[55] Players, including 2005 world champion Shaun Murphy, have claimed that a 128-player professional tour is financially unsustainable.

Snooker umpires are an integral part of the sport and some have become well-known figures in their own right. Len Ganley, John Street and John Williams collectively officiated 17 of the first 20 World Snooker finals held at the Crucible Theatre. Since 2000, non-British and female referees have become more prominent in sport. Dutch referee Jan Verhaas became the first non-British referee to referee a World Cup final in 2003[59] while Michaela Tabb became the first woman to do so in 2009.[60] Tabb was the only female referee on the Professional Tour when she joined her in 2002, but tournaments now routinely feature female referees such as Desislava Bozhilova, Maike Kesseler and Tatiana Woollaston.

Gameplay[edit]

Equipment [ edit ]

A full size snooker table set up for the start of a game

A complete set of snooker balls

A sliding scoreboard, some blocks of cue tip chalk, white chalk and two cues

rest , allowing the player to grapple further down the table A shot with a that allows the player to grapple further down the table

A standard full size snooker table measures 365.8 cm × 182.9 cm (12 ft × 6 ft) with a rectangular playing area of ​​356.9 cm × 177.8 cm (11 ft 8.5 in × 5 ft 10 0 inches). The playing surface is surrounded by small cushions along each side of the table. The height of the table from the floor to the top of the cushions is 2 ft 10.0 in (86.4 cm).[62] The table has six pockets, one at each corner and one in the center of each of the two longer side cushions.[62] A downside to using a full size table is the amount of space required to accommodate it, which limits the places where the game can be played easily. The minimum room size that allows for convenient cueing on all sides is 6.7 m × 4.9 m (22 ft × 16 ft).[63] While pool tables are common in many pubs, snooker tends to be played either in private settings or in public snooker halls. The game can also be played at smaller tables, with different table sizes being 10 ft × 5 ft (305 cm × 152 cm), 9 ft × 4.5 ft (274 cm × 137 cm), 8 ft × 4 ft (244 cm × 122 cm), 183 cm × 91 cm (6 ft × 3 ft) (the smallest for realistic play) and 122 cm × 61 cm (4 ft × 2 ft). Smaller tables can come in a variety of styles, e.g. B. as a foldable or convertible dining table.[65]

The cloth on a snooker table is usually a type of tightly woven green woolen cloth with a directional nap running lengthwise from the beam end of the table to the other end near the black ball spot. The nap affects the speed and trajectory of the balls, depending on the direction of the shot and whether lateral spin is imparted to the ball. Even if the cue ball is hit in exactly the same way, the effect of the nap differs depending on whether the ball is aimed at the band line or at the opposite end of the table.[5] A snooker ball set consists of twenty-two unmarked balls: fifteen red balls, six colored balls, and a white cue ball. The six colors are yellow, green, brown, blue, pink, and black, respectively, although the brown and blue balls were not part of the original rules. Each ball is 52.5 mm (2+1⁄16 inch) in diameter.[62] At the start of the game, the red balls are arranged into a densely packed equilateral triangle and the six colors are placed in specific locations on the table. The cue ball is placed inside the “D” ready for the break-off shot.[62] Each player has a cue stick (or simply a “cue stick”) at least 3 feet (91.4 cm) long that is used to hit the cue ball. The tip of the cue should only make contact with the cue ball and is never used to hit reds or colors directly.[62]

Snooker accessories include: chalk for the tip of the cue, used to add spin to the cue ball; different types of remainders, like the swan or the spider, to play shots that are difficult to play by hand; Extensions to lengthen the queue; a triangle for cutting off the reds; and a scoreboard, typically mounted on a wall near the pool table. A traditional snooker scoreboard is similar to an abacus and records the points scored by each player for the current frame in units and twenties, as well as the frame scores. A simple scribe bead called a “scribe cord” or “scribe wire” is sometimes used. Each segment of the string (bead) represents a point, as players can move one or more beads along the string.[70]

Rules [edit]

Figure A: Aerial view of a snooker table with the balls in their starting position. The cue ball (white) can be placed anywhere in the semi-circle (known as “D”) at the beginning of the game.

Goal [edit]

A player wins a frame by scoring more points than their opponent. At the beginning of a frame, the object balls are placed on the table as shown in Diagram A. Beginning with the cue ball in the “D,” the first player executes a kick-off by hitting the cue ball with the tip of their cue, aiming to hit one of the red balls in the triangular pack. Players then take turns playing shots[b] with the aim of pocketing a red ball to score a point. Failure to make contact with a red ball constitutes a foul which results in penalty points for the opponent.[62] At the end of each shot, the cue ball remains in the position it came to rest (unless it has entered a pocket where it is returned to the “D”), ready for the next shot.[62] If the cue-ball ends up in contact with an object ball or a ball that could be an object ball, a touching ball is declared. [c] The player must then play away from that ball without moving it, or else the player incurs penalty points.[62] When clearing a touching ball, the player need not hit another object ball.

If a red ball enters a pocket, the striker[d] must pocket a colored ball (or “color”) of his choice.[e] If successful, the value of the potted color is added to the player’s score and the ball is turned on returned to its designated place on the table. (If a specific seat is unavailable, the suit is re-dabbled to the seat of the next most significant suit; if no seats are available, the color is re-dabbled as close as possible to its own seat at the head of the table.) The The Player must then sink another red ball, followed by another color. The process of alternately potting red and colored balls continues until the forward fails to pot the desired object ball or commits a foul, at which point the opponent comes to the table to begin the next round or if no red balls more are left.[62 ] Points accumulated by pocketing consecutive object balls are called a “break” (see scoring below).[62] At the start of each player’s turn, the objective is to pocket a red ball first, unless all reds are off the table or the player has been given a free ball, allowing them to nominate another object ball in place of a red. 71] The cue-ball may touch a object ball directly or it may be caused to bounce off one or more cushions before hitting the required object ball.

The game continues until all the red balls have been potted and only the six colors and the cue ball remain on the table.[62] Next, colors must be potted in ascending order of their values ​​from lowest to highest, i.e. first yellow (worth two points), then green (three points), brown (four points), blue (five points), pink (six points). ) and finally black (seven points); each color stays in the bag after potting.[62] When the last ball is potted, the player with the most points wins the frame. [62][f] If there are not enough points on the table for a player to win the frame, that player may offer to concede the frame while at the table (but not while their opponent is still at the table); A frame concede is a common occurrence in professional snooker. [62] [71] Players often continue playing even when there are not enough points available to win, hoping to foul their opponent by laying down snooker. [62] [71] These are shots intended to make playing a legal shot more difficult, such as B. leaving another ball between the cue ball and the object ball.

Computer simulation of a snooker demolition shot at the start of a frame

If the scores are equal when all object balls have been potted, black is used as the tiebreaker. In this situation, referred to as “re-spotted black,” the black ball is returned to its intended spot and the cue ball is played in hand, meaning it is placed anywhere on or within the lines of the “D.” can start the tie break. The referee then tosses a coin and the winner of the toss decides who takes the first shot. Play continues until one of the players either sinks the black ball to win the frame or commits a foul (loses the frame).

Professional and amateur competitions are governed by a referee who is tasked with ensuring proper player behavior and making “fair play” decisions. The referee’s responsibilities include announcing points scored during an interval, determining when a foul has been committed and awarding penalties and free balls accordingly, returning colors to their designated spots after they have been pocketed, resetting the returning balls to their previous position after the “miss” rule has been applied (see Scoring) and cleaning the cue ball or an object ball at the batsman’s request.[62]:39 Another duty of the umpire is to recognize and deny a stalemate declare if none of the players is able to make any progress in the frame. If both players agree, the balls are returned to their starting positions and the frame is restarted (known as a “re-rack”), with the same player as before executing the break-off shot.[62]: 33 Professional players typically play the game in a sporting manner, explaining fouls committed that the referee failed to notice, [73] acknowledging good shots from their opponent and holding up a hand to apologize for a lucky shot that was described as “accident ” is known. 73]

Rating [edit]

Color Value Red 1 point Yellow 2 points Green 3 points Brown 4 points Blue 5 points Pink 6 points Black 7 points

Points in snooker are scored by pocketing object balls in the correct order. The total number of consecutive points (excluding fouls) that a player accumulates during a visit to the table is called a “break”. For example, a player could get a break of 15 by first potting a red, followed by a black, then another red, followed by a pink before not potting the next red. Breaks of 100 points or more are called a century break and are recorded over a professional player’s career. A maximum breakthrough in snooker is achieved by pocketing all reds with blacks, then pocketing all six suits, totaling 147 points; this is often referred to as “147” or “maximum”.[76] As of March 25, 2022, 174 officially confirmed maximum breaks have been achieved in professional competition.[77]

Penalty points are awarded to a player when a foul is committed by an opponent. A foul can occur for a variety of reasons, such as: B. when the cue ball is sent into a pocket or the object ball is missed. The latter is a common foul committed when a player fails to escape a “snooker” game in which the previous player left the cue ball positioned in such a way that no legal ball can be hit directly in a straight line without hitting it obstructed in whole or in part by an illegal ball. Fouls will result in a minimum of four penalty points unless an object ball of higher value is involved, [g] up to a maximum of seven penalty points if the black ball is involved. [62]: 26–28 [h] When a foul is committed, the offender’s turn is complete and the referee announces the penalty. Any points scored at the break before the foul is committed are awarded to the forward, but no points are scored for a ball potted during the foul shot.[62]

If unsatisfied with the position remaining after a foul, the next player may call the opponent who committed the foul to continue play where the balls came to rest. If the referee also called a “miss” – meaning that the referee considers that the opponent did not make their best attempt to hit the object ball – the player has the option to replace the balls in their original position to let the ball and force opponents to play the shot again. If the next player fails to hit both sides of the object ball cleanly after a foul, the referee may whistle a free ball, allowing the player to call another ball in place of the object ball that he would normally have played.[62] If a player is awarded a free ball with all 15 reds still in play, they can potentially break to 147, with the highest possible being a 155 break, which is achieved by nominating the free ball as an extra red and then the black sinks as an additional color after potting the free ball red followed by the 15 reds with black and finally the colors. Jamie Cope became the first player to hit a 155 verified break during a training frame in 2005, with other players such as Alex Higgins claiming to have hit a similar break.

A closeup of a cue tip about to hit the cue ball with the aim of sinking the red ball into a corner pocket.

A snooker game is referred to as a “frame”. A snooker match generally consists of a predetermined number of frames. Most games in current professional tournaments are played as a best of 7, 9, or 11 frames, with the final usually being the best of 17 or 19 frames. The World Championship uses a longer format with matches ranging from the best 19 frames in the first round to the best 35 for the finals, played over four match sessions over two days. Some early world finals had much longer games, such as the 1947 World Snooker Championship which was played over the best of 145 frames.

Governance and tournaments[ edit ]

Professional [edit]

Professional snooker players compete in the World Snooker Tour, a series of world ranking tournaments and invitational events held throughout the snooker season. All competitions are open to professional players who have qualified for the tour and selected amateur players, but most events include a separate qualifying period. Players may qualify for the Tour based on their world rankings from previous seasons, by winning continental championships, or by completing Challenge Tour or Q School events. Players on the World Snooker Tour are generally issued a two-year “Tour Card” for attending the events. Beginning with the 2014–15 season, some players have also received invitational tour cards in recognition of their outstanding contributions to the sport. These cards are dealt at the discretion of the World Snooker Board and are given to players such as Steve Davis, James Wattana, Jimmy White and Stephen Hendry.[83] A few additional secondary tours have been contested over the years. A two-tier structure was introduced for the 1997–98 snooker season. Consisting of six tournaments known as the WPBSA Minor Tour, it was open to all professionals but only ran for one season. A similar secondary UK Tour was first played in the 1997–98 season, renamed the Challenge Tour in 2000 and the Players Tour Championship in 2010, returning as the Challenge Tour in 2018.

The global governing body for professional snooker is the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA), incorporated as the Professional Billiard Players’ Association.[88] The WPBSA owns and publishes the Official Rules of Snooker[89] and has overall responsibility for policy-making in the professional sport of snooker.[90] World Snooker Ltd responsible for the professional tour owned by both the WPBSA and Matchroom Sport.

World Ranking[edit]

Each player on the World Snooker Tour is assigned a position on the WPBSA’s official world rankings, which is used to determine the seedings and skill level each player requires for tournaments on the professional circuit. Current world rankings are determined using a biennial rolling points system, in which points are awarded to players based on prize money earned in specific tournaments.[93] This “rolling” list is maintained and updated throughout the season, with points earned from tournaments played in the current season superseding points earned from the corresponding tournaments two seasons ago. In addition, “One-Year” and “Two-Year” rankings are established at the end of each season after the World Championship; These year-end lists are used for pre-qualification at certain tournaments and for Tour Card guarantees.

The top 16 world ranked players, who are widely regarded as the “elite” of the professional snooker scene,[94] do not have to pre-qualify for some tournaments, such as the Shanghai Masters, the Masters and the World Snooker Championship.[95 ] Bestimmte andere Veranstaltungen, wie die der Cazoo Cup-Serie, verwenden die einjährige Rangliste, um sich zu qualifizieren; diese verwenden die Ergebnisse der aktuellen Saison, um Teilnehmer zu bezeichnen.[96] Ab der Saison 2020/21 stehen 128 Plätze auf der World Snooker Tour zur Verfügung,[97] mit Spielern, die entweder unter den ersten 64 der offiziellen Rangliste stehen oder in der letzten als einer der acht besten Preisgeldverdiener abschließen Saison, garantierte einen Tourplatz für die nächste Saison, dies wurde nach der Weltmeisterschaft bewertet.[98]

Turniere [ bearbeiten ]

Das älteste derzeitige professionelle Snooker-Turnier ist die Snooker-Weltmeisterschaft, die seit 1927 in den meisten Jahren als jährliche Veranstaltung stattgefunden hat. Die seit 1977 im Crucible Theatre in Sheffield, England, veranstaltete Meisterschaft wurde von 1976 bis 2005 von der Tabakfirma Embassy gesponsert und wird seit der Einführung eines EU-weiten Werbeverbots für Tabakprodukte von verschiedenen Wettunternehmen gesponsert .[101][102][103] Die Triple Crown-Turniere werden in Großbritannien von der BBC[104] im Fernsehen übertragen, während die meisten anderen Turniere im Eurosport-Netzwerk[105] oder ITV Sport sowie zahlreichen anderen internationalen Sendern ausgestrahlt werden.[106][107]

Die Weltmeisterschaft ist der am höchsten bewertete Titel im professionellen Snooker,[108] sowohl in Bezug auf die finanzielle Belohnung (das Turnier hat seit 2019 einen Siegerpreis von 500.000 £), Ranglistenpunkte und Prestige.[109][110] Die UK Championship, die seit 1977 jährlich stattfindet, gilt nach der Weltmeisterschaft als das zweitwichtigste Ranglistenturnier.[111] Diese beiden Veranstaltungen und das jährliche Masters-Turnier ohne Rangordnung bilden die Triple Crown-Serie. Die Triple Crown-Veranstaltungen gehören zu den ältesten Wettbewerben auf der professionellen Rennstrecke und werden von vielen Spielern als die prestigeträchtigsten geschätzt .[113] Bis 2022 haben nur elf Spieler alle drei Triple Crown-Events gewonnen.

Snooker wurde wegen zu langer Matches kritisiert.[116] Als Reaktion darauf führte der Vorsitzende von Matchroom Sport, Barry Hearn, eine Reihe von zeitgesteuerten Turnieren ein. Das Premier League Snooker mit Schusszeit wurde zwischen 1987 und 2012 ausgetragen, wobei sieben Spieler eingeladen wurden, an regulären Orten im Vereinigten Königreich anzutreten, und wird auf Sky Sports im Fernsehen übertragen. Die Spieler hatten fünfundzwanzig Sekunden für jeden Schuss, mit fünf Auszeiten pro Spieler und Spiel. Obwohl mit diesem Format einige Erfolge erzielt wurden, erhielt es nicht die gleiche Aufmerksamkeit oder den gleichen Status in der Presse wie die regulären Ranglistenturniere. Diese Veranstaltung wurde seit 2013 aus der Tour genommen, als der Champion of Champions gegründet wurde.[117] Bei der Veranstaltung qualifizierten sich die Spieler durch den Sieg bei anderen Veranstaltungen in der Saison, wobei 16 Champions antraten.

Im Jahr 2015 reichte die WPBSA ein erfolgloses Angebot für Snooker ein, das bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 2020 in Tokio, Japan, gespielt werden soll. Über die 2017 gegründete World Snooker Federation wurde eine weitere Bewerbung für die Olympischen Sommerspiele 2024 eingereicht. Bei der World Team Trophy 2019 wurde ein Test für das Format für Cue-Sportarten vorgeschlagen, die bei den Spielen 2024 gespielt werden sollen, auch mit Neun-Ball- und Karambol-Billard. Snooker wird seit 2001 bei den World Games ausgetragen und war als Veranstaltung bei den African Games 2019 enthalten.[124][125][126]

Amateur [Bearbeiten]

Nicht-professionelles Snooker (einschließlich Jugendwettbewerbe) wird von der International Billiards and Snooker Federation (IBSF) geregelt.[127] Speziell für Senioren abgehaltene Veranstaltungen werden von der WPBSA im Rahmen der World Seniors Tour abgewickelt.[128][129][130] World Disability Billiards and Snooker (WDBS) ist eine Tochtergesellschaft der WPBSA, die Veranstaltungen und Spielhilfen für Snooker und andere Queue-Sportarten für Menschen mit Behinderungen organisiert.[64] Snooker is a mixed gender sport that affords men and women the same opportunities to progress at all levels of the game. While the main professional tour is open to female players, there is also a separate women’s tour organised by World Women’s Snooker (formerly the World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association) that encourages female players to participate in the sport.[64] The winner of the World Women’s Snooker Championship now receives a two-year tour card to the main professional tour.

The highest competition in the amateur sport is the IBSF World Snooker Championship,[131] while the highest level of the senior sport is the World Seniors Championship.[130] On the women’s tour, the leading tournament is the World Women’s Snooker Championship. The reigning champion is Reanne Evans who has held the women’s world title twelve times since first winning the championship in 2005. Evans has also participated on the World Snooker Tour and has taken part in the qualifying rounds of the main world championship on five occasions, reaching the second round in 2017.[132] The most prestigious amateur event in England is the English Amateur Championship; first held in 1916, this is the oldest snooker competition still being played in the world.[133]

criticism [edit]

Several players, such as Ronnie O’Sullivan, Mark Allen and Steve Davis, have warned that there are too many tournaments during the season, and that players risk burnout.[134] In 2012, O’Sullivan played fewer tournaments to spend more time with his children, and ended the 2012–13 season ranked 19th in the world; he played only one tournament in 2013, the World Championship, which he won.[135] He has suggested that a “breakaway tour” with fewer events would be beneficial to the sport, but as of 2018 no such tour has been organised.[136]

Some leagues have allowed clubs to exclude female players from tournaments.[137][138] League committee leadership has defended the practice: “If we lose two of these clubs [with the men-only policies] we would lose four teams and we can’t afford to lose four teams otherwise we would have no league.”[137] A World Women’s Snooker spokesperson commented, “It is disappointing and unacceptable that in 2019 that [sic] players such as Rebecca Kenna have been the victim of antiquated discriminatory practices.”[139] The All-Party Parliamentary Group for Snooker said, “The group believes that being prevented from playing in a club because of gender is archaic.”[139]

Important players [ edit ]

Ronnie O’Sullivan has won the World Championship seven times in the 21st century.

After the creation of the World Snooker Championship, snooker overcame billiards as the most popular cue sport in the United Kingdom.[140] Joe Davis was world champion for twenty years, retiring unbeaten from the event after claiming his fifteenth world title in 1946 when the tournament was reinstated after the Second World War.[141] He was only beaten on level terms by his brother Fred Davis, all coming after his retirement from the game.[141] He did lose matches in handicapped tournaments, but on level terms these defeats were the only losses of his entire career.[142][141]

By 1947, Fred Davis was deemed ready by his brother to become world champion,[141] but lost the world final to Walter Donaldson.[144][145] Fred Davis and Donaldson would contest the next four finals. After the abandonment of the World Championship in 1953, with the 1952 event boycotted by British professionals, the World Professional Match-play Championship became the unofficial world championship. Fred Davis won the tournament every year from 1952 to 1956, but did not enter the 1957 event.[147] John Pulman won the 1957 event and was the most successful player of the 1960s, won the event seven times between April 1964 and March 1968 when the World Championship was contested on a challenge basis.[147] This winning streak ended when the tournament reverted to a knockout format in 1969.[148][149] Ray Reardon was the dominant force in the 1970s, winning six world titles (1970, 1973–1976, and 1978), and John Spencer won three (1969, 1971 and 1977).[150][151]

Steve Davis (no relation to Joe or Fred) won his first World Championship in 1981, becoming the 11th world champion since 1927.[152][153] He won six world titles (1981, 1983, 1984, and 1987–1989) and competed in the most-watched snooker match, the 1985 World Snooker Championship final, which he lost to Dennis Taylor.[36] Stephen Hendry became the 14th world champion in 1990, aged 21 years and 106 days; he is the youngest player ever to have lifted the world title.[6] Hendry dominated the sport through the 1990s, winning the World Championship seven times (1990, 1992–1996, and 1999).[147][155]

Ronnie O’Sullivan has won the most world titles since 2000, having done so on seven occasions (2001, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2013, 2020 and 2022), while John Higgins and Selby have both won four times (Higgins in 1998, 2007, 2009, and 2011; Selby in 2014, 2016, 2017, and 2021), and Mark Williams three times (2000, 2003, and 2018).[156][157] O’Sullivan is the only player to have made 1,000 career century breaks, and holds the record for the most maximum breaks compiled in professional competition, having achieved his 15th in October 2018.[158] O’Sullivan also holds the record for the most ranking titles (39) and most Triple Crown titles (21) achieved in the sport.[159]

Variants [edit]

Some versions of snooker, such as six-red or ten-red snooker, are played with almost identical rules but with fewer object balls, reducing the time taken to play each frame.[160][161] The Six-red World Championship, contested annually in Bangkok, Thailand, has been a regular fixture on the World Snooker Tour since 2012.[162] The ten-red game has had a World Women’s 10-Red Championship held annually in Leeds, England, from 2017 to 2019.[163][164][165]

Geographic variations exist in the United States and Brazil, while speed versions of the standard game have been developed in the United Kingdom. American snooker is an amateur version of the game played almost exclusively in the United States. With simplified rules and generally played on smaller tables, this variant dates back to 1925.[j] Sinuca brasileira (or “Brazilian snooker”) is a variant of snooker played exclusively in Brazil, with fully divergent rules from the standard game, and using only one red ball instead of fifteen. At the start of the game, the single red is positioned halfway between the pink ball and the side cushion and the break-off shot cannot be used to pot the red or place the opponent in a snooker.[168] The Snooker Shoot Out is a variant snooker tournament, first staged in 1990, featuring single-frame matches for an accelerated format. The idea was resurrected in 2011 with a modified version that was added to the professional tour in the 2010–11 season and upgraded to a ranking event in 2017.[169][170]

Other games were designed with an increased number of object balls in play. One example is “snooker plus”, which included two additional colours: an orange ball worth eight points positioned between pink and blue, and a purple ball worth 10 points positioned between brown and blue, increasing the maximum possible break to 210.[171] Introduced at the 1959 News of the World Snooker Plus Tournament, this variant failed to gain popularity and is no longer played. Power Snooker was a short-lived cue sport based on aspects of snooker and pool, which was first played competitively as the 2010 Power Snooker Masters Trophy and again in 2011, but the format failed to gain widespread appeal and was discontinued.[169] Using nine red balls racked in a diamond-shaped pack at the start of the game, the matches were limited to a fixed game-play period of 30 minutes.[173] Tenball was a snooker variant designed specifically for the television show of the same name, presented by Phillip Schofield, which lasted for one series. A yellow and black ball worth ten points was added between the blue and pink, and the game had a slightly revised set of rules.[174]

See also[edit]

Notes [edit]

References[ edit ]