Touch Hole On Flintlock Muzzleloader? The 7 Latest Answer

Harquebus, also spelled arquebuse, also called hackbutt, first weapon to be fired from the shoulder, a smooth-bore matchlock with a stock similar to that of a rifle. The arquebus was invented in Spain in the mid-15th century. It was often fired from a support, against which recoil was transferred from a hook on the gun. His name appears to derive from German words meaning “hook weapon.” The bore varied and its effective range was less than 200 m. The arquebus was superseded by the larger musket (see also) in the mid-16th century.

Loading a muzzleloader is far more complex than loading a modern rifle. The best way to learn is under the supervision of an experienced muzzleloader shooter. NMLRA field representatives and charter club members are available to new shooters to learn more about their muzzleloaders.

Make sure the muzzleloader is empty

Never attempt to load and fire a muzzleloader for the first time without an experienced muzzleloader around. Before loading, make sure your firearm is unloaded.

When determining if a muzzleloader is empty, never blow down the barrel and never breech the gun and fire. Instead, follow these steps.

Ignition source in some kind of firearm mechanism

“caplock” redirects here. For the math term, see Caps Lock

For a description of the primers that replaced primers in breech-loaded cartridges, see Centerfire Ammunition

Introduced in the early 1820s, the primer or primer is a type of one-way percussion igniting device for muzzle-loading firearm locks, allowing them to fire reliably in all weather conditions. This crucial invention led to the cap-lock mechanism, or percussion-lock system, which uses percussion caps struck by the hammer to lock the gunpowder charge in percussion guns, including percussion rifles and cap-and-ball firearms. Any firearm that uses a caplock mechanism is a blunt weapon. Any long gun with a cap-lock mechanism and a rifled barrel is a percussion rifle. Cap and ball describes cap-lock firearms that fire a spherical bullet with a single bore diameter with each shot.

Percussion caps have been made in various sizes to fit snugly on different sized nipples, but all caplock mechanisms rely on a hammer blow.

Description[edit]

The primer is a small cylinder of copper or brass with a closed end. In the closed end is a small amount of a shock sensitive explosive material such as mercury fulminate (discovered in 1800; it was the only practical igniter in use from about 1850 to the early 20th century[2]). The caplock mechanism consists of a hammer and a nipple (sometimes called a cone). The nipple contains a hollow conduit that goes into the rearmost part of the gun barrel and the percussion cap is placed over the nipple hole. Pulling the trigger releases the hammer, which slams the percussion cap against the nipple (which serves as the anvil), crushing it and detonating the mercury fulminate inside, releasing sparks that travel down the barrel through the hollow nipple and ignite the main powder charge . Primers were made in small sizes for pistols and larger sizes for rifles and muskets.[1]

Origins [edit]

Earlier firearms used flintlock mechanisms which resulted in a piece of flint striking a steel frizz and creating sparks to ignite a pan of primer powder and thereby fire the gun’s main powder charge. The flintlock mechanism replaced older ignition systems such as the matchlock and wheellock, but all were prone to misfiring in wet weather.

The discovery of fulminates was made by Edward Charles Howard (1774–1816) in 1800.[3][4] The invention that made the primer possible using the recently discovered fulminates was patented in 1807 by the Reverend Alexander John Forsyth of Belhelvie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland.[1] The rudimentary percussion system was invented by Forsyth as a solution to the problem that birds would startle when smoke rose from the powder pan of his flintlock shotgun, giving them sufficient warning to escape the shot.[1] This early percussion-lock system functioned almost identically to flintlock firearms, using a fulminate fulminate primer of mercury, potassium chlorate, sulfur, and charcoal that was ignited by concussion. His invention of a fulminating firing mechanism deprived the birds of their early warning system, both by avoiding the initial puff of smoke from the flintlock powder pan and by shortening the interval between the trigger pull and the shot leaving the muzzle. Forsyth patented his “Scent Bottle” ignition system in 1807. However, the conventional percussion cap system was not developed until after Forsyth’s patents expired. Joseph Manton invented a precursor to the primer in 1814, consisting of a copper tube that exploded when crushed.[7] This was further developed in 1822 by the English-born American artist Joshua Shaw as a copper cup filled with fulminates.[8]

The first purpose-built caplock guns were guns commissioned by sportsmen in Regency-era England. Due to the compactness and superior reliability of the mechanism compared to the flintlock, gunsmiths were able to create pistols and long guns with two barrels. Early caplock handguns with two or more barrels and a single lock are called reversing or twister pistols because the second barrel must be rotated manually to align it with the hammer. With the addition of a third barrel and a ratchet to mechanically rotate the barrels when cocking the hammer, these caplock pistols evolved into the pepper box revolver in the 1830s.

The caplock offered many improvements over the flintlock. The caplock was easier and quicker to load, more resistant to weather conditions, and more reliable than the flintlock. Many older flintlock weapons were later converted to caplocks to take advantage of these properties.[1]

Parallel developments[edit]

Joshua Shaw is sometimes credited (mainly by himself) with developing the first metallic primer in 1814, a reusable one made of iron, then a disposable tin in 1815, and finally a copper in 1816. There is no independent evidence of this, as Shaw was told he could not patent it as Alexander Forsyth’s patent for the use of fulminates to ignite guns was in force between 1807 and 1821. Shaw says he only shared the development of his innovation with a few employees (gunmakers and others), who were sworn to secrecy and later never made affidavits. Shaw’s claim to have been the inventor remains controversial, as he did not patent the idea until 1822, after moving to America in 1817. The Army was a mistake. Congress believed that Shaw’s patent was the earliest in the world and awarded him a large sum of money based on this belief. Investigators had overlooked two French patents and previous UK use of the idea. The world’s earliest known patent specifically mentioning a percussion cap and nipple was issued in France to Francois Prelat on July 29, 1818, four years before Shaw’s patent. Prelat made a habit of copying English patents and inventions, and the working method he describes is flawed.[10] Second, Deboubert was granted a French patent for a percussion cap and nipple in 1820. However, prior to these two French claims, the most likely inventor of the primer, according to historian Sidney James Gooding, was Joseph Egg around 1817. [11] There were other earlier claims. Col. Peter Hawker simultaneously claimed and denied being the inventor in 1830. “I don’t want to say that I was the inventor of it – most likely not,” but then he immediately recounts how he came up with the idea of ​​simplifying a Manton patch lock that might be troublesome by making an arrangement constructed of cap and nipple around 1816 when the patch lock was patented. He says he then submitted a drawing to a reluctant Joseph Manton to make a couple of copper-capped rifles, which were then sold.[12] Hawker seems to give Joseph Manton more credit eight years later in the 1838 edition of his “Instructions to young Sportsmen” by categorically stating that “copper tubes and primers were clearly invented by Joe Manton”. In the 1850s, Hawker again claimed the invention in his press advertisements.[13]

Despite years of research by Winant, Gooding, and De Witt Bailey, the jury is still out as the competing claims are based on personal accounts and have little or no independently verifiable evidence.

While the metal percussion cap was the most popular and widely used type of primer, its small size made it difficult to manipulate under the stress of battle or horseback riding. Accordingly, several manufacturers have developed alternative “autopriming” systems. The “Maynard Tape Primers”, for example, used a roll of paper “caps”, much like today’s toy cap gun. The Maynard glue detonator was fitted to some firearms used in the mid-19th century and some saw brief service in the American Civil War. Other disc- or pellet-type primers contained a supply of tiny detonator discs in a small magazine. Cocking the hammer automatically brought a disc into position. However, these automatic feeding systems were difficult to manufacture with the manufacturing systems of the early and mid 19th century and created more problems than they solved. They were quickly shelved in favor of a single primer which, while unwieldy in certain conditions, could be carried in sufficient quantity to make up for the occasional drop of a primer, while a jammed primer system would instead render the rifle an unwieldy mace. 1]

Military firearms[ edit ]

This invention was gradually improved, first in a steel cap and then in a copper cap, by various gunsmiths and private individuals before finding general military use almost thirty years later. The change from the military flintlock to the percussion musket was easily accomplished by replacing the powder pan and steel battery with a nipple, and by replacing the hammer or hammer holding the flint with a smaller hammer fitted with a dimple that was shaped to fit around the nipple when triggered by the trigger. Over the nipple was placed the copper cap containing Shaw’s explosive device of three parts potassium chlorate, two parts mercury fulminate, and one part glass powder. The indentation in the hammer contained the fragments of the cap when fragmented, reducing the risk of injury to the shooter’s eyes. From the 1820s, the armies of Britain, France, Russia and America began converting their muskets to the new percussion system. Caplocks were generally applied to the British military musket (the Brown Bess) in 1842, a quarter century after the invention of percussion powder and after an extensive state test at Woolwich. The first percussion firearm made for the US military was the percussion carbine version (circa 1833) of the M1819 Hall rifle. American breech-loading Caplock Hall rifles, muzzle-loading rifled muskets, and Colt Dragoon revolvers gave them an advantage over the brown smoothbore Bess flintlock muskets used by Santa Anna’s troops during the Mexican War . In Japan, matchlock pistols and muskets were converted to percussion starting in the 1850s, and new weapons based on existing designs were made as caplocks.

The Austrians instead used a variant of Manton’s tubular lock in their Augustin musket until 1855, when the conventional Caplock Lorenz rifle was introduced. The first practical solution to the problem of handling primers in combat was the Prussian 1841 (Dreyse needle gun), which used a long needle to penetrate a paper cartridge filled with black powder and strike the primer, which was attached to the bottom of the bullet was attached.[15] Although it had a number of problems, it was widely adopted by Prussia and other German states in the mid-19th century, and was a major factor in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. The needle gun originally fired paper cartridges containing a bullet, a powder charge and a primer, but by the time of the Franco-Prussian War this had evolved into modern brass ammunition.

Springfield and Enfield caplocks

Detail of the firing mechanism on an instructional cutaway model of a French naval percussion pistol, Model 1837

Caplock horse pistol, Swiss Ordnance 1817/42

Loading sequence for percussion revolver

Later development of firearms[ edit ]

The percussion cap brought about the invention of the modern cartridge case and enabled the general adoption of the breech-loading principle for all types of rifles, shotguns and pistols. After the American Civil War, Britain, France and America began converting existing caplock guns to accept brass rimfire and centerfire cartridges. On muskets like the 1853 Enfield and 1861 Springfield, this required installing a firing pin in place of the nipple and a trapdoor in the breech to accommodate the new balls. Examples include the Trapdoor Springfield, Tabatière rifle, Westley Richards, and Snider-Enfield conversions. The British Army used Snider Enfields concurrently with the Martini-Henry rifle until the introduction of the .303 Lee-Metford bolt-action rifle in the 1880s. Later military surplus Sniders were purchased by British colonists and trusted local natives as hunting and defensive weapons.

Caplock revolvers such as the Colt Navy and the Remington were also largely rebuilt in the late 19th century by replacing the existing cylinder with one designed for modern ammunition. These were used extensively by the Turks in the Russo-Turkish War, US cavalry during the Indian Wars, and also by gunslingers, lawyers, and outlaws in the Old West.[19]

In the 1840s and 1850s, the primer was first incorporated into a metallic cartridge, where the bullet is held by the case, the case is filled with gunpowder, and there is a primer at the end. By the 1860s and 1870s, breech-loading metal cartridges had made the percussion cap system obsolete.

Today, reproduction percussion firearms are popular with recreational shooters, and percussion caps are still available (although some modern muzzleloaders use shotgun shells instead of caps). Most primers now use non-corrosive compounds such as lead styphnate.[1]

Other uses[edit]

Caps are used in cartridges, grenades, bazookas and rescue rockets. Primers are also used in land mine detonators, booby trap detonators and anti-handling devices. Most purpose-built military booby-trap detonators contain some type of spring-loaded firing pin designed to strike a primer that is connected to a detonator at one end. The detonator is inserted into an explosive charge – e.g. B. C-4 or a TNT block. Triggering the booby trap (e.g. by pulling a tripwire) releases the cocked firing pin, which tilts forward to strike the firing cap, detonating it and the igniter attached to it. The shock wave from the fuze triggers the main explosive charge. [citation required]

USSR booby-trap detonator – pull detonator: usually connected to a tripwire. Primer is clearly labeled

Alternative design of USSR booby-trap igniter – pull igniter: usually connected to tripwire. Primer is clearly labeled

USSR Boobytrap Detonator – Pressure Detonator: The victim steps on a loose base plate with the detonator hidden underneath

Cross-sectional view of a Japanese Type 99 percussion-ignited grenade

Cross-sectional view of the fuze of a German S-Mine. Primer is clearly labeled

See also[edit]

quotes[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

Being a gun owner can raise many questions, including how to operate and maintain a firearm. For example, people might wonder if a ball can accidentally explode and cause significant damage if it falls. The firearm safety professionals at Online Texas LTC, a leading provider of online LTC courses, provide examples of how a bullet could potentially go up if dropped and tips to help you avoid making these types of mistakes in order to improve your Family and your gun protect good figure.

Probability that a cartridge will go off

A bullet is unlikely to explode if you drop the cartridge for a variety of reasons, including the way it lands. Most dropped balls land tip first on a floor or the ground. In this case, the bullet lands in such a way that the impact isn’t strong enough to cause the bullet to fire. It would take significant impact on the primer to get it to discharge. This is extremely unlikely to happen if simply dropped.

hitting other objects

On rare occasions, what the bullet hits can cause it to explode. For example, if you drop your bullet near a steel object and it lands at the perfect angle with enough force, the bullet could explode. If there is enough force, the impact on the primer would mimic the impact of a firing pin after a gun’s trigger is pulled. It’s a good idea to be aware of your surroundings when handling ammunition. Although drop discharge is extremely unlikely, many individuals clean their guns and discharge in areas where no one else is nearby.

Various problems to avoid

Dropping a bullet could lead to other problems for gun owners, including bending a cartridge, deforming the bullet tip, and destroying the pistol’s chamber. If this happens, it could prevent you from hitting your target properly, whether you’re shooting for protection or in recreational activities like hunting. Dropped bullets can also cause the cartridge to jam in the gun, especially if you drop it in mud, dirt, or snow. When this happens, water, sand, mud, and other substances could enter the firearm chamber and cause damage.

prevention tips

The best way to avoid accidents is to follow gun safety rules at all times. You can do this by practicing firearms and learning more about firearms by enrolling in a gun safety course. This course can provide you with additional information on laws and regulations and safety strategies when it comes to storing your handgun, shooting your gun, changing bullets and various maintenance tips.

Whether you already own a firearm or are considering buying one, knowing how to use it safely is important. Online Texas LTC is dedicated to providing the best weapons training available. Whether you simply need to learn how to handle a gun and shoot safely, or you want to complete an online Texas Carry License course, Online Texas LTC has what you need. Call us today at 512-675-2124.

The Remington Model 700 bolt-action rifle was first produced in 1962. It was one of the best-selling bolt-action rifles in the United States for most years of its production. Over 7 million rifles were made and a high percentage of such rifles are still in use today.

After World War II, Remington searched for a new production rifle that would be a hit in the post-war era. Merle “Mike” Walker patented a new fire control that was originally included in the design of a new consumer rifle: the Model 721. The patent was for a unique new fire control with a floating part called the “trigger connector” that simply attaches to the main body of the rifle with a spring deduction. Otherwise, the trigger connector will float and separate from the main trigger body with each shot of the rifle.

Here is a drawing of the Model 700 internal fire control with various components labeled:

problems with the deduction

Problems surfaced almost immediately. Even before production began, Mr. Walker reported a “theoretically unsafe condition” to Remington officials. This 1946 report quickly led to another in 1947, which clarified that it “is possible to fire the gun by pressing the safety in the off position.”

In the many years since, the theoretically unsafe condition has resulted in literally thousands of customer complaints that the Model 700 (and related models) will deploy under any of the following circumstances:

When the rifle’s mechanical safety is shifted from the “safe” to the “fire” position (as described in the 1947 report mentioned above)

When the rifle’s breech is tampered with in the closed position

When the rifle’s breech is opened

If there is a jarring movement of the gun

Other bolt-action firearms have the same problems, and the trigger in question is commonly known as the “Walker Fire Control” after its inventor. Although Mr. Walker has testified that he never intended the fire control in question for consumer rifles, it has nonetheless been fitted to a variety of consumer rifles including the Model 7, 721, 722, 725, 700, 710, 715, 770, 660, 673, 600, Sportsman 78 and XP100.

Remington recall

Since the introduction of the Walker Fire Control, Remington has received thousands of customer complaints and hundreds of lawsuits or claims for personal injury. In each case, Remington has dismissed the claims as erroneous and has called for a variety of explanations, including that the handler must have inadvertently pulled the trigger. However, Remington issued a recall of the Model 600 and 660 in the late 1970s following an accident and serious injury in Texas.

After further investigation, Remington concluded that a high percentage of such rifles, also equipped with fire control very similar to the Model 700, would fire without pulling the trigger. However, after a similar investigation found that only a small percentage of Model 700s could experience a similar malfunction, Remington decided to just better educate customers about firearm safety. Therefore, Remington continued to manufacture the Model 700 without modifications, knowing full well that thousands of users were at risk.

The replacement trigger

Complaints continued to come in, and sometimes the company received a customer complaint of a misfire almost every business day. In 2004, Remington introduced a replacement trigger commonly known as “The X Mark Pro”.

Most telling about the new trigger was that Remington eliminated the trigger connector. Remington officials have even confirmed in affidavits that the new design was in response to “the lawsuit” against Remington, which focuses on the dangerous and defective condition of the trigger connector.

Remington Class Action Settlement

In 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Missouri approved a class action lawsuit that would result in the retrofit of all existing Model 700s, as well as a high percentage of related rifles. Some older rifles cannot be repaired and would receive little monetary compensation. While it is now up to the consumer to return their rifle in exchange for the X Mark Pro, any consumer has the right to do so free of charge.

Voluntary recall of X Mark Pro

During the final phase of negotiations for the Model 700 retrofit, Remington announced a voluntary recall of the X Mark Pro. This recall, which was then considered by class counsel and the court, was due to a manufacturing defect in the assembly of X Mark Pro rifles.

Small amounts of a glue-like substance called “Loctite” are added during assembly to ensure certain screws stay in place and cannot be removed or adjusted. Unfortunately, in some Remington installations, too much Loctite was added, resulting in extra amounts leaking into the fire control and essentially “gluing the work together”. This, too, resulted in unintentional and unexpected firing, which in many ways duplicated the Walker Fire Control experience.

While many individuals get their guns repaired, many others will not. Tragically, those who continue to use dangerous guns risk a ticking time bomb of malfunctions. Not every gun will fail, but every gun is designed so that failure is a definite reality.

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Which of the following colors is used to symbolize AIR?

From the Internet Movie Firearms Database – Guns in Movies, TV Shows and Video Games

Cowboy bebop cover of the Land Japan BluRay box set creator Shinichiro Watanabe

Science fiction genre

Noir Broadcast 1998 No. of Seasons 1 No. of Episodes 26 Leading Actor Character Actor Spike Spiegel Steven Blum (English)

Kōichi Yamadera (Japanese) Jet Black Beau Billingslea (English)

Unshō Ishizuka (Japanese) Faye Valentine Wendee Lee (English)

Megumi Hayashibara (Japanese)

Cowboy Bebop (カウボーイビバップ) is a 1998 Japanese anime series developed by Sunrise. It consisted of a production team led by director Shinichirō Watanabe, screenwriter Keiko Nobumoto, character designer Toshihiro Kawamoto, mechanical designer Kimitoshi Yamane, and composer Yoko Kanno. The 26 episodes of the series are set in the year 2071. They follow the adventures, misadventures and tragedies of a bounty hunter crew traveling on their spaceship Bebop.

The crew consists of five main characters: Spike Spiegel, an exiled hitman for the ruthless Red Dragon Syndicate; Jet Black, a former ISSP officer who retired after a mob attack that cost him his arm; Faye Valentine, an amnesiac imposter who awoke in the future after a long cryogenic hibernation; “Radical” Edward, a barefoot teenage girl who is a prolific computer hacker; and Ein, a hyper-intelligent, genetically engineered Welsh Corgi dog.

The following weapons can be seen in the anime Cowboy Bebop:

pistols

Jericho 941R

Spike Spiegel’s signature pistol is a customized IMI Jericho 941 R chambered in 9x19mm. He’s installed custom grips and a frame-mounted laser sight on the right side, although we never see him use it.

The original Jericho 941 came with two barrels for use with 9mm or .41AE ammunition. A blued steel rod was intended for the 9mm cartridge with a lighter spring and a stainless steel rod with heavier springs for the larger loading .41AE cartridge. Spikes Jericho is chambered at 9mm but features a silver recoil spring. We can assume this is due to either artistic license or some of the modifications Spike made to the weapon. It’s worth noting that many current owners of a 9mm chambered Jericho 941 replace the stock rod/recoil spring with an aftermarket chrome kit based on the .41 AE version to reduce recoil and increase rate of fire.

IMI Jericho 941R – 9x19mm

A non-firing replica of Spike Spiegel’s Jericho 941 made by Japanese model company ‘Poseidon’ with laser sights and custom grips.

Spikes Custom Jericho 941 from the Cowboy Bebop Artbook

Spike’s Jericho in the opening credits.

Spike aims his Jericho 941 in the BluRay Box Set. Note the silver guide bar.

Another shot of the adjusted guide rod.

Note the exact trade dress.

Spike drops his Jericho 941 in Pierrot Le Fou.

Serial numbers clearly visible on the Blu-Ray edition.

Spikes Jericho on the ground clearly showing the custom grips and laser sight. The serial number is visible again, showing the attention to detail the animators put into making sure the serial numbers didn’t change between episodes.

Walter P99

Jet Black’s signature pistol is an original model of the Walther P99. Of all the gun-wielding members of the bebop crew, Jet is probably the least likely to be seen with his gun drawn. Instead, he prefers to get up close with the enhanced power of his cybernetic arm.

The pistol appears to be a holdover from his days as an ISSP officer, as he uses it in a flashback during the episode “Black Dog Serenade”.

Walther P99 – 9x19mm

Jet aims his Walther in a flashback sequence.

Jet armed with his Walther P99 in the present when he’s vacating Gren’s apartment in “Jupiter Jazz, Part II.”

Jet takes aim with his Walther P99 in Black Dog Serenade.

Jet fires his P99.

Jet has his P99 disarmed by Udai.

p.m. 30

Faye’s signature pistol is a .45 ACP Glock 30. She frequently draws the pistol to threaten bounties, but is rarely seen firing it, one of the most notable exceptions being in the episode “The Real Folk Blues Part I”, when she uses them Shoot the tires of two cars owned by the Red Dragon Syndicate during a chase. She later fires several rounds into the bebop’s ceiling in frustration when she fails to stop Spike from going on a clear suicide mission.

Glock 30 – .45 ACP

Faye prepares her Glock 30 to face Gren in “Jupiter Jazz Part I”.

Faye remains armed with her Glock as she questions Gren.

Faye surprises with her Glock 30 with a bounty.

Faye aims her Glock 30.

Faye looks content after blasting the tires of a chasing vehicle, here the trade attire is clearly visible.

Ruger P85

While preparing to confront Vicious and his men in the church in “Ballad of Fallen Angels,” Spike stocks up on weapons. One of the guns he finds is a Ruger P85 he had hidden in the Bebop’s refrigerator. Although it is shown being loaded and cleaned, it is never seen in use on screen.

Ruger P85 – 9x19mm

Spike checks the P85.

Spike loads his Ruger P85. Note the exact trade dress on the slide.

Heckler & Koch USP

In the episode “Black Dog Serenade”, several prisoners aboard the ISSP prison ship are seen using a Heckler & Koch USP when they take control, including using a USP to kill the pilot.

Gren also wore one in the two-part episode “Jupiter Jazz” and used it against Vicious. Police officers are also seen with pistols in the episode “Jamming With Edward”.

Heckler & Koch USP – 9x19mm

Gren targets Vicious with his H&K USP.

Another shot of Gren aiming his USP.

Gren fires off his USP.

One of the prisoners threatens the pilot with a unique selling point, the work clothes are clearly visible here.

The pilot is clearly having a bad day when he is threatened again.

Two cops storm Edward with USP handguns.

Heckler & Koch Mark 23

The episode “Pierrot Le Fou” features ISSP bodyguards using Heckler & Koch Mark 23 pistols as sidearms equipped with AN/PEQ-6 laser aiming modules, proving no match for Mad Pierrot’s skills and arsenal turn out

Heckler & Koch Mark 23 – .45 ACP

An ISSP bodyguard draws his Heckler & Koch Mark 23.

One of the ISSP agents cocks his Mark 23. On the Blu-Ray version, the trading dress can be clearly seen. Note, however, that the ejection port is missing in this shot.

An ISSP bodyguard fires his Mark 23 before being cut down.

Smith & Wesson model 29

In the episode “Black Dog Serenade”, Jet’s former ISSP partner Fad is seen with a Smith & Wesson Model 29 with a 4″ barrel as his sidearm, which he keeps in a shoulder holster.

Smith & Wesson Model 29 with 4″ barrel – .44 Magnum

Fad twirls his gun back into its holster.

Fad loads a single round into his Model 29 and spins the barrel after being dispatched with the remaining prisoners.

Fad brings his Model 29 to bear.

Fad aims his Model 29.

Jet checks the load on Fad’s revolver.

Beretta 92FS

Surprisingly, given the series’ strong John Woo influence, the Beretta 92FS only appears in two episodes. In “Ballad of Fallen Angels” Annie gives Spike a Beretta 92FS with a stainless steel barrel along with a box of 9x19mm ammo. Spike later wields it with his Jericho during his fight with Vicious and his men.

In “The Real Folk Blues Part I”, a Red Dragon member shoots Julia and Faye with a Beretta 92FS.

Beretta 92FS – 9x19mm

Although it is only seen on screen for a few moments, its first appearance is very detailed.

Spike examines the Beretta.

Spike loads a magazine into his 92FS.

A member of Red Dragon fires his Beretta at Julia.

Beretta 950BS Jetfire

In the episode “Stray Dog Strut”, the three scientists appear to be using post-Hakim modified Beretta 950 jetfires with wooden grips and silencers. Unfortunately, they never get the chance to use them.

Beretta 950BS Jetfire – .25 ACP

The scientists targeting identical suppressed jetfires may have gotten a discount.

Close-up of the Jetfire with thumb safety, indicating it is the later 950BS model (post 1968).

A Jetfire lies on the ground after Hakim KO’d all three of his attackers.

Browning Hi Power

The Browning Hi-Power and its variants seem to be popular weapons in the Cowboy Bebop universe, appearing in the episodes “Honky Tonk Women”, “Ballad of Fallen Angels” and “Ganymede Elegy”.

Commercial Browning Hi Power Mark III – 9x19mm

A Browning Hi-Power hidden in a secret compartment.

A space-suited gangster fires a Browning Hi-Power at Spike seconds before he is disarmed.

A member of the Red Dragon Syndicate looks smug with his Browning Hi-Power…

…And then not so smug. Nice closeup of the gun, but.

Rhint’s Browning Hi-Power lands on Elise’s lap in “Ganymede Elegy”.

Elisa aims for the Browning Hi-Power.

Colt Battle Commander

In “The Real Folk Blues Part I”, Vicious uses a Colt Commander 9mm to threaten Julia. She later uses it when she and Spike are involved in a shootout with members of the Red Dragon Syndicate.

Colt Combat Commander – 9mm

Vicious puts the Colt Commander on the table. The trade dress is visually incorrect, but the wording is clear.

Vicious holds the Colt Commander to Julia’s head.

Walter P5

A Walther P5 is used by a bounty named “Giraffe” in the episode “Sympathy for the Devil”.

One is also seen in the hands of one of the gangsters who captures Faye after the Chinese pharmacy shootout in Honky Tonk Women.

Walther P5 – 9x19mm

‘Giraffe’ with his Walther P5.

‘Giraffe’ aims his P5.

Walter PPK

A Walther PPK can be seen in the episodes “Asteroid Blues” and “Sympathy for the Devil”.

Walther PPK – .380 ACP

A female bounty draws her Walther PPK in “Asteroid Blues”.

The antagonist in “Sympathy for the Devil” drops his Walther PPK.

SIG Sauer P226

Shin (and probably his brother Lin) carries a SIG-Sauer P226 as his weapon of choice.

SIG-Sauer P226 – 9x19mm

Shin fires his P226 to cover Spike’s escape from The Loser Bar.

Classic John Woo style pose.

Shin points his SIG at Spike.

Shin aims his P226 to cover Spike.

Colt single action army

In the episode “Cowboy Funk”, Cowboy Andy uses a pair of Colt Single Action Army revolvers as his primary sidearm, in keeping with his old west motif.

The Colt SAA also makes a rare appearance in the title sequence of Big Shot, the bounty hunting show featured throughout the series.

Colt Single Action Army “Artillery model” with 5.5″ barrel – .45 Long Colt

Cowboy Andy with his SAA.

Andy mistakenly assumes Jet Teddy is Bomber.

Andy fans the hammer of his single-action army in the decisive showdown with Spike.

Big Shot episode. Judy and Punch pose with SAAs at the beginning of the episode.

desert eagle

In Episode 2, “Stray Dog Strut”, Hakim uses a desert eagle to threaten the man who stole his briefcase. The weapon is drawn smaller than normal in his hands, almost the size of a compact pistol, possibly to emphasize Hakim’s towering stature.

Desert Eagle – .357 Magnum

is a huge guy. Hakim holds up a civilian with his Desert Eagle. It’s wrong size, but he’s a huge guy.

Fictional Thompson Contenders

Spike only appears in one episode, “Sympathy for the Devil”, using a break-action single-shot pistol loaded with a custom cartridge made from a rare mineral against the main antagonist in the episode’s climax.

Its function and form appears to be modeled on the Thompson Center Arms Contender but is entirely fictitious, including a cut in the muzzle as a compensator.

Thompson Center G2 Contender 14″ target pistol – .223 Remington

Spike prepares to take the pistol with him.

Spike chambers the unique round.

Spike swings the keg shut.

Spike fires the pistol in climax.

Fictional Colt 1911

This fictional pistol also appears only once in the episode “Sympathy for the Devil” and appears to be based in part on the M1911. A variety of compensators, or barrel weights, are attached to the front of the pistol.

Pistol Colt M1911A1 from WWII – .45 ACP.

Wen aims his pistol at Spike.

Reload to get a good view of the larger rear sight to align with the rear sight on the compensator/weight.

machine guns

Heckler & Koch MP5K

In Honky Tonk Women, Faye’s debut episode, she uses a Heckler & Koch MP5K to defend herself from the gangsters she was trying to escape from, but surrenders when they respond to her MP5K with her own handheld minigun.

It is also used by henchmen of Red Dragon in “The Real Folks Blues” and is briefly seen in a photograph when Jet is describing the history of the “Space Warriors” (an eco-terrorist group) in “Gateway Shuffle”.

Heckler & Koch MP5K – 9x19mm

Faye loads her MP5K with a magazine from her grocery bag.

Faye fires her MP5K.

View of the MP5K’s visor.

Heckler & Koch MP5A3

The Heckler & Koch MP5A3 appears only once in the opening of the episode “Asteroid Blues” and is briefly seen in the hands of Red Dragon enforcers during the opening shootout.

Two versions will appear, one with a Surefire forend gun light and one without. Both appear to have two magazines in a dual magazine clip.

Heckler & Koch MP5A3 with Navy trigger group and Surefire-specific forend gun light – 9 x 19 mm

A Red Dragon Enforcer firing his MP5A3.

A second Enforcer with an MP5A3. This version has the Surefire Forumend.

MAC-10

The episode “Gateway Shuffle” features a group of environmental terrorists calling themselves “Space Warriors” wielding MAC-10 submachine guns.

The MAC-10 also makes a brief appearance in two other episodes, equipped with a silencer. In the hands of several gangsters after Faye in “Honky Tonk Women” and by Mad Pierrot in the episode “Pierrot Le Fou”.

MAC-10 – .45 ACP

The “Space Warriors” attack a rude customer with MAC-10s.

The business end of the MAC-10.

More “Space Warriors” fire their MAC-10s.

Another profile shot of the MAC-10.

MAC-10 with Sionics Suppressor – .45 ACP

Mad Pierrot draws a suppressed MAC-10 and an Uzi.

Two gangsters with MAC-10 submachine guns.

Intratec TEC-9

In the episode “Waltz for Venus”, several of Piccaro Calvino’s goons are seen with TEC-9 submachine guns.

Intratec TEC-9 – 9x19mm

One of the racquets with his TEC-9.

Another thug aims his TEC-9 at Rocco.

Steyr TMP

During Spike’s raid on the Red Dragon Syndicate’s headquarters in the episode “Real Folk Blues”, syndicate henchmen are seen using, among other things, Steyr TMP submachine guns.

Steyr TMP – 9x19mm

A member of the Red Dragon Syndicate dies when firing his Steyr TMP.

A Red Dragon Bat fires its TMP.

PM-98

In the episode “Waltz for Venus”, several PM-98 submachine guns are seen in use by hijackers.

PM-98 – 9x19mm

A hijacker threatens passengers with a PM-98.

Another hijacker hits a passenger with her PM-98.

The same hijacker showing her PM-98 going out of business just before Faye knocks her unconscious.

IMI Uzi

In the episode “Asteroid Blues”, several gangsters are seen wielding IMI Uzis while chasing after their stolen property and shooting up a bar.

The Uzi also has two other minor appearances, once in the episode “Toys in the Attic” where a full-size Uzi is seen among the many items Faye won from Jet, and once briefly in the episode “Pierrot Le fou”. pulled together with a MAC-10 from Tongpu.

IMI Uzi – 9x19mm

A henchman bursts through a door and opens it with an Uzi.

A henchman wields an Uzi while his comrade fires a MAC-10.

“I’m not a pawn shop, you know.”

Mad Pierrot draws a suppressed MAC-10 and an Uzi.

guns

Heckler & Koch G36

In the episode “Jupiter Jazz Part II”, Gren, Vicious, and several other soldiers are seen using full-size Heckler & Koch G36 rifles in Gren’s flashback to fight on Jupiter’s moon Titan.

Heckler & Koch G36 – 5.56x45mm

Gren and Vicious fire their G36 rifles.

Gren holds onto his G36 while lighting a cigarette.

Several soldiers playing cards, rifles laid aside.

Heckler & Koch G3

The Heckler & Koch G3 is seen in the hands of Red Dragon’s firing squad in episode 25, “The Real Folk Blues Pt 1”. They seem to come with slim handles.

Heckler & Koch G3A3 with Slim Handguard – 7.62x51mm NATO

Two Red Dragon members brandish their G3s.

A member of Red Dragon fires the G3.

sniper rifles

Heckler & Koch PSG1

In the episode “Black Dog Serenade”, Jet’s ISSP partner Fad uses a Heckler & Koch PSG1 sniper rifle in a flashback.

Heckler & Koch PSG1 – 7.62x51mm NATO

Fad with a Heckler & Koch PSG1.

Fad aims at the PSG1.

shotguns

Remton 870

In the episode “Cowboy Funk”, the guard escorting Ted Bower, the “Teddy Bomber”, carries a Remington 870 pump-action shotgun with black plastic furniture.

Remington 870 with black furniture – 12 gauge

Mossberg 500 cruisers

In the episode “The Real Folk Blues Part I”, Spike retrieves a Mossberg 500 Cruiser from a box in the back of Annie’s store and uses it during the ensuing gunfight.

Mossberg 500 Cruiser – 12 Gauge

Spike loads the Mossberg 500 Cruiser.

Spike prepares to start filming.

Spike shoots while driving.

explosives

M79 grenade launcher

When Spike confronts Vicious in the church, one of his men shoots him with an M79 grenade launcher but misses and is eventually killed by Spike.

M79 grenade launcher – 40 mm

A member of Red Dragon takes aim with his M79.

A Red Dragon takes cover with his M79.

Fictional China Lake Launcher

In the episode “Mushroom Samba”, the youngest Shaft brother wields what appears to be a fictional pump-action grenade launcher that is functionally similar to the real China Lake Launcher.

One is also used by Mad Pierrot in the episode “Pierrot Le Fou” and by a Red Dragon thug in the episode “The Real Folk Blues Part 1”.

China Lake launcher – 40mm

Shaft draws his fictional grenade launcher.

Shaft pulls his launcher onto the train.

aven 37

In the episode “Mushroom Samba”, Coffy uses a stylized Arwen 37 to shoot Shaft as he tries to board the train.

Later in the episode “Bohemian Rhapsody”, Jonathan wields another stylized Arwen 37 of the same design to threaten Hex and later fires several rounds in mad frustration upon realizing that Hex has become senile in his old age.

ARWEN 37 – 37mm

Coffy draws her stylized Arwen. Most of the differences to the original are in the shortened drum.

“Brotha, get out of my way!”

Rebuilt Winchester 1894

In the episode “Cowboy Funk”, Cowboy Andy uses a lever-action grenade launcher, which appears to be at least stylistically based on a Winchester Model 1894, in the chase with Teddy Bomber.

The grenade launcher features a large lever loop (similar to the earlier Winchester Model 1887 from Terminator 2). In a sequence very reminiscent of the movie, Andy pulls and rotates the launcher with one hand while riding a horse.

Winchester 1894 – .30-30

Andy draws his grenade launcher.

Andy aims and fires his grenade launcher while riding with the reins between his teeth, in true John Wayne fashion.

The launcher in Andy’s holster showing the sawed-off shaft.

M67 hand grenade

In the episode “Ballad of Fallen Angels”, Spike empties a paper bag full of M67 hand grenades onto a table while preparing to confront Vicious at church and later uses it to dispatch several of his men.

Unlike the real M67 grenade, these have gray bodies and no obvious markings.

Frag grenade M67

Spike drains his stash of M67 shells.

Spike throws one while pinned.

Other

flamethrower

Spike appears in the episode “Toys in the Attic” and initially uses this flamethrower to fry some kebabs, but later turns it on an unknown creature that incapacitates the crew.

This episode borrows heavily from Alien and appears to be based in part on the M240 Flamethrower from its sequel Aliens, but the similarities are limited.

An illustration from the Cowboy Bebop Artbook showing Spike’s flamethrower.

Spike attaches the gas canister to his flamethrower.

Spike ignites the pilot on his flamethrower.

Spike slings his flamethrower over his shoulder to chase the creature.

Spike aims the flamethrower.

Hand-held GE M134 Minigun

In the episode “Honky Tonk Women”, the mobsters who capture Faye force her to surrender when they respond to their MP5K barrage by returning fire with an M134 handheld minigun and the Chinese pharmacy where they are found, decimate.

M134 handheld airsoft minigun with “chainsaw” grip for handling the weapon as seen in Terminator 2: Judgment Day – (counterfeit) M134 7.61x51mm NATO handheld minigun with “chainsaw” grip for handling of the weapon, as in (fake) 7.61 x51mm NATO

Terminator 2 style chainsaw handle. A gangster appears through the sunroof of a car, wielding an M134 minigun. Judging by where his left hand is, it appears to be chainsaw style.

Close-up of the muzzle of the M134 Minigun being fired.

M197 Vulcan

In the episode “Honky Tonk Women”, the mob-run casino ship is seen armed with a deck-mounted M197 Vulcan which appears to have a futuristic version of the Raytheon Phalanx Close-In Weapon System.

M197 Volcano – 20mm

The Vulcan is aimed at Faye’s ship.

TO-23-2

In the episode “Jupiter Jazz Part II”, a ZU-23-2 is seen very briefly in Gren’s flashbacks to his days of service with Vicious.

ZU-23-2 – 23mm

The ZU-23-2 is fired. It seems the animators understand how muzzle flashes work.

Sugar Cane Gun

In the episode “Pierrot Le Fou,” the titular character is seen wielding a fictional barrel cannon as his main weapon, firing an enormous number of shots (unlike real barrel cannons, which typically only load one round) and incredible accuracy demonstrated – he is able to fire from the window of an armored car with a repeated hail of bullets at the same spot.

It actually ejects a grenade. He also appears to use his thumb as a sight, which is a clever way of getting around the fact that a stick doesn’t have a sight.

Pierrot shoots a cat with his barrel cannon.

The muzzle of the barrel gun giving another good view of the end of the rifling grooves.

Other

Various weapons are seen when Faye is held at gunpoint in the episode “Honky Tonk Women”. Mad Pierrot displays an impressive arsenal hidden in his coat from which he draws several weapons in the episode “Pierrot Le Fou”.

In the episode “Stray Dog Strut”, a selection of melee weapons, pistols, and rifles can be seen when Spike visits a gun shop looking for information after impressing the owner with his knowledge of nunchaku.

Faye is stopped at several gun stands. Counterclockwise identification: Walther P5, suppressed MAC-10, Browning BDM, 3 CZ75 and another suppressed MAC-10.

Like a kid in a candy store. A very brutal candy store.

Various pistols can be seen on the lower shelf, including what appears to be a Colt Dragoon on the lower left.

Mad Pierrot shows he has enough guns hidden in his cloak to take over a small country.

Pointed weapon attached to the end of a firearm

British infantryman in 1941 with a Type 1907 bayonet on his rifle

A bayonet (from the French baïonnette) is a knife, dagger, sword, or spiked weapon designed to fit the end of the muzzle of a rifle, musket, or similar firearm for use as a spear-like weapon can. [1] From the 17th century until WWI it was considered [by whom?] the main weapon for infantry attacks. Today it is considered an auxiliary weapon or a last resort.

history [edit]

Illustration of a 1606 Chinese muzzle-loading musket with a slip-on bayonet attached. The manual and specifications of the weapon are shown above.

The term bayonets themselves dates from the mid to late 16th century, but it is not clear whether bayonets were knives that could be attached to the ends of firearms at the time, or simply a type of knife. For example, Cotgrave’s 1611 Dictionary describes the bayonet as “a kind of small flat pocket-dagger fitted with knives; or a large knife hanging from the belt”. Likewise, Pierre Borel wrote in 1655 that a type of long knife called bayonets was made in Bayonne, but gives no further description.[2]

Plug-in bayonets[edit]

17th century bayonet

The first recorded example of a bayonet proper is found in the Chinese military treatise Binglu [zh], published in 1606. It was in the form of the Son and Mother Gun [zh], a breech-loading musket that issued an approximately 57.6 cm (22.7 in) long slip-on bayonet, giving it an overall length of 1.92 with the bayonet attached m (6 ft 4 in). It has been referred to as a “gun-blade” (traditional Chinese: 銃刀; simplified Chinese: 铳刀), where it has been described as a “short sword that can be inserted into the barrel and secured by a slight twist, used “when the battle is both has run out of both gunpowder and bullets and is fighting bandits when the forces close in close combat or encounter an ambush” and when one “cannot load the weapon within the time it takes to move two bu (3.2 meters) “to cover” the ground let them fix the bayonet and hold it like a spear”.[3][4]

Early bayonets were of the “plug” type, in which the bayonet was inserted directly into the barrel of the musket. This made it possible to convert light infantry into heavy infantry and repel cavalry attacks. The bayonet had a round grip that slipped right into the musket barrel. This, of course, prevented the gun from being fired. The first known mention of the use of bayonets in European warfare was in the memoirs of Jacques de Chastenet, Vicomte de Puységur.[8] He described the French using crude 0.30 m slip-on bayonets during the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648). However, it was not until 1671 that General Jean Martinet standardized bayonets and issued them to the French fusilier regiment that was being set up at the time. They were issued to part of an English dragoon regiment raised in 1672 and to the Royal Fusiliers in 1685.

Plug-in bayonets[edit]

Base of a bayonet with a triangular cross-section and fluted sides

Early 19th century spiked offset bayonet

The main problem with slip-on bayonets was that once fitted, they made firing the musket impossible and soldiers had to wait until the last possible moment before close combat began to attach the bayonet. The defeat of forces loyal to William of Orange by Jacobite Highlanders at the Battle of Killiecrankie in 1689 was due (among other things) to the use of the slip-on bayonet. Closing to within 50 yards, the Highlanders fired a single salvo, dropped their muskets, and quickly overwhelmed the Loyalists with axes and swords before they had time to set up bayonets. Shortly thereafter, defeated leader Hugh Mackay is said to have introduced a socket bayonet he invented. Soon “socket” bayonets would incorporate both socket mounts and an offset blade to fit around the musket’s barrel, allowing the musket to be fired and reloaded while the bayonet was attached.

An unsuccessful attempt at socketed or zigzag bayonets was made after the Battle of Fleurus in 1690 in the presence of King Louis XIV, who refused to adopt them as they tended to fall off the musket. Shortly after the Peace of Ryswick (1697), the English and Germans abolished the pike and introduced socket bayonets.[9] The British socket bayonet featured a triangular cross-section spike rather than a flat blade, with a flat side toward the muzzle and two fluted sides outermost to a length of 15 inches (38 cm). It had no lock to hold it by the muzzle and was well documented falling off in the heat of battle.[6]

By the 18th century, socket bayonets had been adopted by most European armies. In 1703, the French infantry introduced a spring-loaded locking system that prevented the bayonet from accidentally detaching from the musket. A triangular blade was introduced around 1715 and was stronger than the previous single or double edged model.

Sword bayonets[ edit ]

The 19th century introduced the concept of the sword bayonet, a long-bladed weapon with a single- or double-edged blade that could also be used as a short sword. Its original purpose was to ensure that riflemen could properly form an infantry field to repel cavalry charges when in ranks with muskets, the guns of which were longer. A prime early example of a sword bayonet rifle is the British infantry rifle of 1800–1840, later known as the “Baker Rifle”. The hilt usually had a modified crossguard to accommodate the gun barrel and a grip mechanism that allowed the bayonet to be attached to a bayonet lug. A sword bayonet could be used as a sidearm in battle. When attached to the musket or rifle, it turned virtually any long gun into a spear or glaive capable of not only thrusting but also slashing.

Chassepot bolt action rifle and saber bayonet.

While the British Army eventually discarded the sword bayonet, the socket bayonet survived the introduction of the rifled musket into British service in 1854. The new rifled musket copied the French lock ring system. The new bayonet proved its value at the Battle of Alma and the Battle of Inkerman during the Crimean War, where the Imperial Russian Army learned to fear it.[6]

Chassepot bayonet mounting system

Beginning in 1869, some European nations began developing new breech-loading bolt-action rifles (such as the Chassepot) and sword bayonets suitable for mass production and use by police, engineer, and engineer troops.[10] The decision to redesign the bayonet into a short sword was seen by some as an acknowledgment of the declining importance of the fixed bayonet as a weapon in the face of new advances in firearms technology. As a British newspaper put it: ‘The committee, in recommending this new saber bayonet, seems to have had in mind the fact that bayonets are henceforth used less frequently than formerly as weapons of attack and defence; they therefore desired it to replace an instrument of more general use.”[11]

Multipurpose bayonets[ edit ]

British pattern 1875 Snider sawback bayonet (with scabbard) for artillery carbines

One of these multipurpose designs was the “Sawback” bayonet, which featured saw teeth on the back of the blade.[10] The saw bayonet was intended both as a general-purpose tool and as a weapon. The teeth were intended to facilitate cutting wood for various defensive work such as barbed wire posts, as well as for slaughtering livestock. It was originally adopted by the German states in 1865; By the middle of World War I, about 5% of each style of bayonet was supplemented with a saw blade version, for example in Belgium in 1868, Great Britain in 1869 and Switzerland in 1878 (Switzerland introduced their last model in 1914).[1][11] [12][13][14] The original saw bayonets were typically of the heavy sword type, they were issued to engineers with the bayonet aspect being to some extent subordinate to the “tool” aspect. Later German sawbacks were more of a rank indicator than a functional saw. The sawback proved relatively ineffective as a cutting tool and was soon overtaken by improvements in military logistics and transportation. Most nations dropped the sawtooth function around 1900.[1] The German Army stopped using the saw bayonet in 1917 after protests that the serrated blade caused unnecessarily serious wounds when used as a fixed bayonet.

Trowel with US bayonet model 1873

The trowel or spade bayonet was another multipurpose design, intended both as an offensive weapon and as a digging tool for excavating entrenchments. Beginning in the 1870s, the United States Army issued trowel bayonets to infantry regiments made by the Springfield Armory, designed by Lieutenant-Colonel Edmund Rice, a United States Army officer and Civil War veteran.[17] In addition to its usefulness as both a fixed bayonet and a digging tool, the rice-trowel bayonet could be used for plastering log cabins and stone chimneys for winter quarters. sharpened on one edge, it could cut tent poles and pins.[17] Ten thousand were eventually issued, and the design was employed during the 1877 Nez Perce campaign. In 1877 Rice received permission to demonstrate his trowel bayonet to several nations in Europe.[18] One infantry officer recommended it to the exclusion of all other designs, noting that “the entrenched [sic] tools of an army seldom get to the front lines until the need for their use has passed.” [17] The rice-pocket bayonet was explained by the US Army overhauled in December 1881.[18]

“Reach” controversy

German soldiers practicing bayonet in 1914

Six Sailors with Lee-Enfield rifles standing in the ‘on guard’ position during rifle and bayonet practice aboard the battleship HMS Rodney. October 1940.

From 1899 to 1945, the Japanese used the very long, 15.75 inch (40 cm) long Type 30 sword-blade bayonet on the already long Arisaka rifle.

Before World War I, bayonet doctrine was largely based on the concept of “reach”; That is, the theoretical ability of a soldier, with an extremely long rifle and a fixed bayonet, to stab an enemy soldier without having to get close to his opponent’s blade. A combined length of rifle and bayonet longer than that of the enemy infantryman’s rifle and attached bayonet, like the infantryman’s pike of days gone by, was believed to confer a tactical advantage on the battlefield.

In 1886, the French Army introduced a 52-centimetre square epee mandrel for the bayonet of the Lebel Model 1886 rifle, the Épée-Baïonnette Modèle 1886, resulting in a rifle and bayonet with a total length of six feet (1.8 m) . Germany responded by introducing a longsword bayonet for the Mauser Model 1898 rifle with a 29-inch barrel. The bayonet, the side gun 98, had a 50 cm blade.[21] With an overall length of 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in), the German Army’s rifle-bayonet combination was second only to the French Lebel in terms of overall range.

After 1900, Switzerland, Great Britain and the United States adopted rifles with barrel lengths shorter than a rifled musket but longer than a carbine. These were intended for general use by infantry and cavalry.[23] The “range” of the new short rifles with attached bayonet has been reduced.[1] Britain introduced the shortened Lee-Enfield rifle, the SMLE, in 1904. The German M1898 Mauser rifle and attached sword bayonet was 20 cm (eight in) longer than the SMLE and its P1903 bayonet, which used a 30 cm (12 in) blade. While the British P1903 and its similar predecessor, the P1888, performed satisfactorily, criticism of the reduced range soon arose.[1][21][23][25] A military journalist of the time warned: “The German soldier is better than the British soldier at 20 cm when it comes to crossing bayonets, and the extra 20 cm easily turns the battle in favor of the longer one when both men are of equal.” ability.”[21]

In 1905 the German Army adopted a shortened 37-centimetre bayonet, the 98/06 bayonet for sapper and engineer troops, and in 1908 also a short rifle, the Karabiner model 1898AZ, which was produced in limited quantities for cavalry, artillery and other special forces. [26] However, the long-barreled .98 Mauser rifle remained in service as the primary infantry small arms. In addition, the German military authorities continued to promote the idea of ​​outperforming the opponent on the battlefield with a longer rifle-bayonet combination, a concept that features prominently in their infantry-bayonet training doctrines.[22] These included the throw point or the extended thrust and lunge attack. With this tactic, the German soldier dropped into a half-crouch, holding the rifle and fixed bayonet close to his body.[28] In this position, the soldier next thrust his rifle forward, then lowered the supporting hand while taking a step forward with the right foot, at the same time extending the right arm to its full length, the extended rifle alone in grip was held in the right hand. 28] With a maximum “death zone” of about eleven feet, the throwing point bayonet attack provided an impressive increase in “range” and was later adopted by other military forces, including the US Army.

In response to criticism of the reduced range of the SMLE rifle and bayonet, British arms authorities introduced the P1907 bayonet in 1908, which had an lengthened blade of about 17 inches to compensate for the reduced overall length of the SMLE rifle. 20][23][30][31] The 1907 bayonet was essentially a copy of the Japanese Type 30 bayonet, as Britain had purchased a number of Japanese Type 30 rifles for the Royal Navy in previous years. The US authorities, in turn, adopted a long bayonet (16-inch blade) for the M1903 Springfield short rifle, the M1905 bayonet. later a longsword bayonet was also provided for the M1917 Enfield rifle.

Reversal[ edit ]

US military bayonets; From top to bottom these are the M1905, the M1, the M1905E1 Bowie Point Bayonet (a stripped down version of the M1905) and the M4 Bayonet for the M1 Carbine.

The experience of World War I reversed opinion about the value of long rifles and bayonets in typical infantry combat operations. Whether engaged in tight trench warfare, night raids and patrols, or assaults across open terrain, soldiers on both sides soon recognized the inherent limitations of a long and unwieldy rifle and bayonet when used as a close-range weapon.[24][31][33][34] After Allied soldiers were trained to anticipate the throwing point, or extended thrust and lunge attack, the method lost most of its tactical value on the World War I battlefield. It required a strong arm and wrist, was very slow to recover if the initial thrust missed its mark, and could be easily parried by a soldier trained to expect it, exposing the German soldier to recoil which he could not easily block or parry.[28][35][36] Instead of longer bayonets, infantry troops on both sides began experimenting with other weapons as close-range auxiliary weapons, including the trench knife, pistol, hand grenade, and entrenchment tool.

Soldiers soon began to use the bayonet as both a knife and rifle attachment, and bayonets were often officially or unofficially shortened to make them more versatile and easier to use as tools or to maneuver in tight quarters ][33][34] During World War II, bayonets were further shortened to knife-sized weapons to give them added utility as combat or utility knives.[1] The vast majority of modern bayonets introduced since World War II are of the knife bayonet type.

Bayonet charge[ edit ]

The development of the bayonet in the mid-17th century led to the bayonet charge becoming the primary infantry tactic in the 19th century and into the 20th century. As early as the 19th century, military scholars noted that most bayonet charges did not result in hand-to-hand combat. Instead, one side usually fled before actual bayonet combat ensued. The act of nocking bayonets is associated primarily with morale, as a clear signal to friend and foe to kill at close range.[38]

The bayonet attack was primarily a means of shock. While assaults were fairly common in 18th and 19th century warfare, actual battles between formations with their bayonets were so rare as to be virtually non-existent. Normally an attack would only come after a long exchange of gunfire, and one side would break and run away before contact was actually made. Sir Charles Oman, nearing the end of his history of the Peninsular War, in which he had studied hundreds of battles and struggles, discovered but a single example of what he put “one of the rarest things in the Peninsular War, to have real hand-to-hand combat with it.” of the white weapon.” Infantry hand-to-hand combat was much more common in narrow country – towns, villages, earthworks, and other terrain that reduced visibility to such areas that hand-to-hand combat was inevitable. However, these hand-to-hand combat were not bayonet charges per se, as they were not of executed or defended by regular units of organized infantry, rather it was a chaotic series of one-on-one combats using musket butts and fists in addition to bayonets.[39]

Napoleonic Wars[edit]

The bayonet charge was a common tactic used during the Napoleonic Wars. Despite its effectiveness, a bayonet charge did not necessarily cause significant casualties from the use of the weapon itself. Detailed 18th-century casualty lists showed that in many battles less than 2% of all wounds treated were caused by bayonets.[40] Antoine-Henri Jomini, a celebrated military author who served in numerous armies during the Napoleonic era, stated that most bayonet charges in the open resulted in one side fleeing before contact was made. Bayonet fighting did occur, but mostly on a small scale, when units from opposing sides met in close quarters, such as storming fortifications or ambushing in rugged terrain.[41] In an age of fire from massed volleys, compared to random, invisible bullets, the threat of the bayonet was far more tangible and immediate – guaranteed to lead to a personally gruesome end if both sides stood. All of this encouraged the men to flee before the lines met. Thus, the bayonet was an immensely useful weapon in gaining ground from the enemy, although it was rarely actually used to inflict wounds.

American Civil War[edit]

A bayonet charge during the American Civil War

During the American Civil War (1861–1865), the bayonet was found to be responsible for less than 1% of battlefield casualties,[42] a hallmark of modern warfare. The use of bayonet charges to force the enemy to retreat was very successful in numerous small-unit engagements at close range during the American Civil War, as most troops would retreat if attacked while reloading (which with loose powder could be up to could take a minute). trained troops). Although such attacks claimed few casualties, they often opted for brief skirmishes and the tactical possession of key defensive ground features. Additionally, bayonet drills could be used to rally men temporarily unnerved by enemy fire.

While the entire Battle of Gettysburg was won by the Union armies due to a combination of terrain and massive artillery barrage, a crucial point on the second day of the battle depended on a bayonet charge on Little Round Top when the 20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, Da the musket ammunition Running short, he charged downhill, surprising and capturing many of the surviving soldiers of the 15th Alabama Infantry Regiment and other Confederate regiments.

exaggerated [edit]

The popular image of World War I is a wave of bayonet-fixed soldiers “going over the top” and charging across no man’s land into a hail of enemy fire. Although this was the standard method of combat early in the war, it was seldom successful. British casualties on the first day of the Battle of the Somme were the worst in British Army history at 57,470 British casualties of whom 19,240 were killed.

During World War I, no man’s land was often hundreds of meters wide.[46] The area was usually ravaged by warfare and cratered by artillery and mortar shells, and sometimes contaminated by chemical weapons. Heavily defended by machine guns, mortars, artillery and riflemen on both sides, it was often covered in barbed wire and land mines and littered with the rotting corpses of those who failed to cross the sea of ​​bullets, explosions and flames. A bayonet charge through no man’s land often led to the total annihilation of entire battalions.

Banzai Fees[ edit ]

The advent of modern warfare in the 20th century made bayonet charges dubious affairs. During the Siege of Port Arthur (1904–05), the Japanese used suicidal human wave attacks against Russian artillery and machine guns and suffered massive casualties. One description of the aftermath was that a “thick uninterrupted mass of corpses covered the cold earth like a [carpet]”.[49]

Dead Japanese troops lie where they fell after a final banzai attack against American forces on Attu Island on May 29, 1943 during the Battle of Attu

However, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese were able to use bayonet charges effectively against disorganized and lightly armed Chinese troops. “Banzai attacks” became an accepted military tactic, during which Japanese forces could routinely route larger Chinese forces.[50]

In the early stages of the Pacific War, a sudden banzai attack could overwhelm small groups of enemy soldiers unprepared for such an attack. But at the end of the war, against well-organized and heavily armed Allied forces, a Banzai attack did little damage while its participants suffered appalling casualties. At best, they were carried out as a last resort by small groups of surviving soldiers when the main battle was already lost. At worst, they squandered valuable resources in men and weapons, hastening defeat.

Some Japanese commanders, such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi, recognized the futility and waste of such attacks and specifically forbade their men from carrying them out. In fact, the Americans were surprised that the Japanese did not use banzai attacks in the Battle of Iwo Jima.[51][52]

Human Wave Attack[ edit ]

The term “Human Wave Attack” has often been misused to describe the Chinese short attack[53] – a combination of infiltration and shock tactics employed by the PLA during the Korean War[54]. A typical Chinese short attack was conducted at night by sending a series of small five-man fireteams to attack the weakest point of an enemy’s defences. The Chinese assault team would crawl undetected into grenade range and then launch bayonet-fixed surprise attacks against the defenders to breach the defenses, relying on maximum shock and confusion.

If the initial shock failed to break through the defenses, additional fireteams would advance behind them and attack the same point until a gap was created. Once penetration was achieved, the bulk of the Chinese forces would move into the enemy rear and attack from behind. Because of primitive communications systems and tight political controls within the Chinese army, brief attacks were often repeated until either the defenses were breached or the attackers were completely annihilated.[54]

This sustained attack pattern made a strong impression on the UN forces fighting in Korea, giving rise to the description of the “human wave.”[56] The term “human wave” was later used by journalists and military officials to convey the image of American soldiers being attacked by overwhelming numbers of Chinese across a wide front, which is inaccurate compared to normal Chinese practice, successive series smaller to send teams against a weak point in the line.[57] It was indeed rare for the Chinese to actually use densely concentrated infantry formations to absorb enemy firepower.[58]

Last hurrah[edit]

A life size diorama at the US Army Infantry Museum at Fort Benning, Georgia depicting Millett’s attack on Hill 180 during the Korean War which resulted in his receiving the Medal of Honor.

During the Korean War, the French battalion and Turkish brigade used bayonet charges against their enemy.[59]

US Army officer Lewis L. Millett led soldiers from the US Army’s 27th Infantry Regiment to take up a machine gun position with bayonets. Historian S.L.A. Marshall described the attack as “the most complete bayonet charge by American troops since Cold Harbor.” Out of about 50 enemy dead, about 20 were killed by bayonets, and the site later became known as Bayonet Hill. This was the US Army’s last bayonet charge. Millett was awarded the Medal of Honor for his leadership during the attack. The medal was officially presented to him by President Harry S. Truman in July 1951.[61] He was also awarded the Army’s second-highest award, the Distinguished Service Cross, for leading another bayonet charge that same month.

In 1982 the British Army carried out bayonet charges during the Falklands War, notably the 3rd Battalion of the Parachute Regiment during the Battle of Mount Longdon and the 2nd Battalion of the Scots Guards during the final attack on Mount Tumbledown.

In 1995, during the Siege of Sarajevo, French marines from the 3rd Marines Regiment conducted a bayonet charge against Serbian forces at the Battle of Vrbanja Bridge. The actions led by the regiment allowed the United Nations blue helmets to emerge from a passive position due to a first-time involvement in hostile responses. Two fatalities resulted from this event with seventeen other wounded.

During the Second Gulf War and the war in Afghanistan, British Army units carried out bayonet charges.[64] In 2004 in Iraq at the Battle of Danny Boy, bayonet loaded mortar positions by the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders manned by over 100 members of the Mahdi Army. The ensuing hand-to-hand fighting resulted in an estimate of over 40 insurgents killed and 35 bodies collected (many floating down the river) and nine captured. Sergeant Brian Wood of the Princess of Wales’s Royal Regiment was awarded the Military Cross for his role in the battle.

Im Jahr 2009 wurde Leutnant James Adamson vom Royal Regiment of Scotland während eines Einsatzes in Afghanistan das Militärkreuz für einen Bajonettangriff verliehen: Nachdem Adamson einen Taliban-Kämpfer erschossen hatte, war ihm die Munition ausgegangen, als ein weiterer Feind auftauchte. Er griff sofort den zweiten Taliban-Kämpfer an und versetzte ihm ein Bajonett.[66] Im September 2012 wurde Lance Corporal Sean Jones vom Regiment der Prinzessin von Wales für seine Rolle bei einem Bajonettangriff, der im Oktober 2011 stattfand, mit dem Militärkreuz ausgezeichnet.

Zeitgenössische Bajonette [ bearbeiten ]

Heute wird das Bajonett selten im Zweikampf eingesetzt.[69][70][71] Trotz seiner Einschränkungen behalten viele moderne Sturmgewehre (einschließlich Bullpup-Designs) einen Bajonettverschluss, und das Bajonett wird immer noch von vielen Armeen ausgegeben. Das Bajonett wird immer noch zur Kontrolle von Gefangenen oder als letztes Mittel eingesetzt.[69] Darüber hinaus sind einige Behörden zu dem Schluss gekommen, dass das Bajonett als nützliche Trainingshilfe dient, um die Moral aufzubauen und die gewünschte Aggressivität in Truppen zu erhöhen.

Heutige Bajonette dienen oft auch als Mehrzweckmesser, Flaschenöffner oder andere Werkzeuge. Die Ausgabe eines modernen Mehrzweck-Bajonetts / -Messers ist auch kostengünstiger als die Ausgabe separater Spezialbajonette und Feld- / Kampfmesser.

UdSSR [Bearbeiten]

Die ursprüngliche AK-47 hat ein angemessenes, aber unauffälliges Bajonett. Das AKM-Bajonett vom Typ I (eingeführt 1959) war jedoch eine Verbesserung des ursprünglichen Designs. Es hat eine Klinge im Bowie-Stil (Clip-Point) mit Sägezähnen entlang der Wirbelsäule und kann in Kombination mit seiner Stahlscheide als Mehrzweck-Überlebensmesser und Drahtschneider verwendet werden. Das AK-74-Bajonett 6Kh5 (eingeführt 1983) stellt eine Weiterentwicklung des AKM-Bajonetts dar. “Es wurde ein radikaler Klingenquerschnitt eingeführt, der auf einer Seite in der Nähe der Kante flach gefräst und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite in der Nähe der falschen Kante entsprechend flach gefräst ist.” [74] Die Klinge hat eine neue Speerspitze und eine verbesserte aus einem Stück geformter Kunststoffgriff, was es zu einem effektiveren Kampfmesser macht.[74] Es hat auch Sägezähne an der falschen Kante und das übliche Loch zur Verwendung als Drahtschneider.[74] Die Drahtschneideversionen der AK-Bajonette haben jeweils einen elektrisch isolierten Griff und einen elektrisch isolierten Teil der Scheide, sodass damit ein unter Strom stehender Draht geschnitten werden kann.

United States[edit]

Das amerikanische M16-Gewehr verwendete das M7-Bajonett, das auf früheren Designs wie den Modellen M4, M5 und M6 basiert, die alle direkte Nachkommen des M3-Kampfmessers sind und eine Speerspitzenklinge mit einer halb geschärften Sekundärkante haben. Das neuere M9 hat eine Clip-Point-Klinge mit Sägezähnen entlang des Rückens und kann in Kombination mit seiner Scheide als Mehrzweckmesser und Drahtschneider verwendet werden. Es kann sogar von Truppen verwendet werden, um sich einen Weg durch die relativ dünne Metallhaut eines abgestürzten Hubschraubers oder Flugzeugs zu bahnen. Das aktuelle USMC OKC-3S-Bajonett ähnelt dem legendären Ka-Bar-Kampfmesser der Marines mit Zacken in der Nähe des Griffs.

Volksrepublik China [Bearbeiten]

Das Sturmgewehr AK-47 wurde von China als Sturmgewehr vom Typ 56 kopiert und enthält ein integriertes Bajonett mit zusammenklappbaren Stacheln, ähnlich dem SKS-Gewehr. Einige Typ 56 verwenden möglicherweise auch das Bajonett AKM Typ II. [76] [77] Das neueste chinesische Gewehr, das QBZ-95, hat ein Mehrzweck-Messerbajonett ähnlich dem US M9.

Belgien [ bearbeiten ]

Das FN FAL hat zwei Arten von Bajonetten. Das erste ist ein traditionelles Bajonett mit Speerspitze. Das zweite ist das in den 1960er Jahren eingeführte Sockelbajonett vom Typ C.[78] Es hat einen hohlen Griff, der über die Mündung passt, und Schlitze, die mit denen des 22-mm-Mündungsfeuerdämpfers der FAL nach NATO-Spezifikation übereinstimmen. Seine speerartige Klinge ist zur Seite des Griffs versetzt, damit die Kugel neben der Klinge passieren kann.

Vereinigtes Königreich [ bearbeiten ]

Das aktuelle britische L3A1-Steckdosenbajonett basiert auf dem FN FAL Typ C-Steckdosenbajonett mit einer Clip-Point-Klinge. Es hat einen hohlen Griff, der über die Mündung des SA80 / L85-Gewehrs passt, und Schlitze, die mit denen am Mündungsfeuerlöscher ausgerichtet sind. Die Klinge ist zur Seite des Griffs versetzt, damit die Kugel neben der Klinge passieren kann. Es kann auch als Mehrzweckmesser und Drahtschneider verwendet werden, wenn es mit seiner Scheide kombiniert wird.[69] Die Scheide hat auch einen Wetzstein und ein klappbares Sägeblatt.[69] The use of contemporary bayonets by the British army was noted during the Afghanistan war in 2004.[68]

Germany [ edit ]

The H&K G3 rifle uses two types of bayonets, both of which mount above the G3’s barrel.[80] The first is the standard G3 bayonet which has a blade similar to the American M7.[80] The second is an EICKHORN KCB-70 type multi-purpose knife bayonet, featuring a clip-point with saw-back, a wire-cutter scabbard and a distinctive squared handgrip.[80] For the H&K G36 there was little use of modified AKM type II blade bayonets from stocks of the former Nationale Volksarmee (National People’s Army) of East Germany. The original muzzle-ring was cut away and a new, large diameter muzzle ring welded in place. The original leather belt hanger was replaced by a complex web and plastic belt hanger designed to fit the West German load bearing equipment.[81]

Austria [edit]

The Steyr AUG uses two types of bayonet. The first and most common is an Eickhorn KCB-70 type multi-purpose bayonet with an M16 bayonet type interface. The second are the Glock Feldmesser 78 (Field Knife 78) and the Feldmesser 81 (Survival Knife 81), which can also be used as a bayonet, by engaging a socket in the pommel (covered by a plastic cap) into a bayonet adapter that can be fitted to the AUG rifle.[82][83][84] These bayonets are noteworthy, as they were meant to be used primarily as field or survival knives and use as a bayonet was a secondary consideration. They can also be used as throwing knives and have a built-in bottle opener in the crossguard.[85][86]

France [ edit ]

The French use a more traditional spear point bayonet with the current FAMAS bayonet which is nearly identical to that of the M1949/56 bayonet.[87] The new French H&K 416F rifle uses the Eickhorn “SG 2000 WC-F”, a multi-purpose combat knife/bayonet (similar to the KM2000) with a wire cutter.[88] It weighs 320 g (0.7 lb), is 30.0 cm (11.8 in) long with a half serrated 17.3 cm (6.8 in) blade for cutting through ropes.[88] The synthetic handle and sheath have electrical insulation that protects up to 10,000 volts. The sheath also has a diamond blade sharpener.

Photo gallery [ edit ]

Linguistic impact [ edit ]

The push-twist motion of fastening the older type of bayonet has given a name to:

The “bayonet mount” used for various types of quick fastenings, such as camera lenses, also called a “bayonet connector” when used in electrical plugs.

Several connectors and contacts including the bayonet-fitting light bulb that is common in the UK (as opposed to the continental European screw-fitting type).

One type of connector for foil and sabre weapons used in modern fencing competitions is referred to as a “bayonet” connector.

In chess, an aggressive variation of the King’s Indian Defence is known as the “Bayonet Attack”.

The bayonet has become a symbol of military power. The term “at the point of a bayonet” refers to using military force or action to accomplish, maintain, or defend something (cf. Bayonet Constitution). Undertaking a task “with fixed bayonets” has this connotation of no room for compromise and is a phrase used particularly in politics.

Badges and insignias [ edit ]

The Australian Army ‘Rising Sun’ badge features a semicircle of bayonets. The Australian Army Infantry Combat Badge (ICB) takes the form of a vertically mounted Australian Army SLR (7.62mm self-loading rifle FN FAL) bayonet surrounded by an oval-shaped laurel wreath.[90] The US Army Combat Action Badge, awarded to personnel who have come under fire since 2001 and who are not eligible for the Combat Infantryman Badge (due to the fact that only Infantry personnel may be awarded the Combat Infantryman Badge), has a bayonet as its central motif.

The shoulder sleeve insignia for the 10th Mountain Division in the US Army features crossed bayonets. The US Army’s 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team’s shoulder patch features a bayonet wrapped in a wing, symbolizing their airborne status. The brigade regularly deploys in task forces under the name “Bayonet”. The insignia of the British Army’s School of Infantry is an SA80 bayonet against a red shield. It is worn as a Tactical recognition flash (TRF) by instructors at the Infantry Training Centre Catterick, the Infantry Battle School at Brecon and the Support Weapons School in Warminster.

The vocation tab collar insignia for the Singapore Armed Forces Infantry Formation utilizes two crossed bayonets. The bayonet is often used as a symbol of the Infantry in Singapore.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

Alexander, Bevin R. (1986), Korea: The First War We Lost , New York, NY: Hippocrene Books, Inc, ISBN 978-0-87052-135-5

Appleman, Roy (1989), Disaster in Korea: The Chinese Confront MacArthur , College Station, TX: Texas A and M University Military History Series, 11, ISBN 978-1-60344-128-5

Appleman, Roy (1990), Escaping the Trap: The US Army X Corps in Northeast Korea, 1950 , College Station, TX: Texas A and M University Military History Series, 14, ISBN 0-89096-395-9

Edmonds, J. E. (1993) [1932]. Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: Sir Douglas Haig’s Command to the 1st July: Battle of the Somme . History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. I (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-89839-185-7 .

Marshall, S.L.A. (1988), Infantry Operations and Weapon Usage in Korea , London, UK: Greenhill Books, ISBN 0-947898-88-3

Prior, R.; Wilson, T. (2005). The Somme . Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-10694-7 .

Roe, Patrick C. (2000), The Dragon Strikes, Novato, CA: Presidio, ISBN 0-89141-703-6

Further Reading[edit]