Umbilical Cord Ring Clamp? The 80 Top Answers

Number 814 (replacing Committee Opinion 684, January 2017) Committee on Obstetric Practice The American College of Nurse-Midwives endorses this document. This Committee Opinion was prepared by the Obstetrics Committee of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in collaboration with Committee members Maria A. Mascola, MD; T. Flint Porter, MD; and Tamara Tin-May Chao, MD. INTERMEDIATE UPDATE: The content of this Committee Opinion has been appropriately highlighted (or removed where necessary) updated to reflect a limited, targeted change in data and language in relation to umbilical milking.

SUMMARY: Delayed cord clamping appears to be beneficial for term and preterm infants. In term infants, delayed cord clamping increases hemoglobin levels at birth and improves iron stores in the first few months of life, which may be beneficial to developmental outcomes. There is a small increase in the incidence of jaundice requiring phototherapy in term infants undergoing delayed cord clamping. Consequently, obstetrician-gynecologists and other obstetricians who use delayed cord clamping in term infants should ensure mechanisms are in place to monitor and treat neonatal jaundice. In preterm infants, delayed umbilical cord clamping is associated with significant neonatal benefits, including improved transitional circulation, better establishment of red blood cell volume, reduced need for blood transfusion, and reduced incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and intraventricular hemorrhage. Delayed cord clamping was not associated with an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage or increased blood loss at delivery, nor with a difference in postpartum hemoglobin levels or the need for blood transfusion. Given the benefits for most newborns, and in agreement with other professional bodies, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists now recommends postponing umbilical cord clamping in vigorous and preterm infants for at least 30-60 seconds after birth. The ability to provide delayed cord clamping may vary by facility and environment; Decisions in these circumstances are best made by the team caring for the mother-child dyad.

Recommendations The Committee on Obstetric Practice of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists makes the following recommendations on the timing of cord clamping after birth: In term infants, delayed cord clamping increases hemoglobin levels at birth and improves iron stores in the first few months of life Birth Life, which can have a positive impact on developmental outcomes.

Delayed umbilical cord clamping is associated with significant neonatal benefits in preterm infants, including improved transitional circulation, better establishment of red blood cell volume, reduced need for blood transfusion, and reduced incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and intraventricular hemorrhage.

Given the benefits for most newborns, and in agreement with other professional bodies, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists now recommends postponing umbilical cord clamping in vigorous and preterm infants for at least 30-60 seconds after birth.

There is a small increase in the incidence of jaundice requiring phototherapy in term infants undergoing delayed cord clamping. Consequently, obstetricians-gynecologists and other obstetricians who use delayed cord clamping in term infants should ensure mechanisms are in place to monitor and treat neonatal jaundice.

Delayed cord clamping does not increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

Introduction Prior to the mid-1950s, the term early clamping was defined as cord clamping within 1 minute of birth and late clamping as cord clamping more than 5 minutes after birth. A number of small studies of changes in blood volume after birth reported that 80–100 mL of blood was transferred from the placenta to the newborn in the first 3 minutes after birth 1 2 and up to 90% of this blood volume was transferred within the first few breaths in healthy term infants 3. Because of these early observations and the lack of specific recommendations regarding optimal timing, the interval between delivery and cord clamping has gradually been shortened, and it has become common practice to clamp the umbilical cord shortly after delivery Birth, usually within 15-20 seconds. However, recent randomized controlled trials of term and preterm infants, as well as physiological studies of blood volume, oxygenation, and arterial pressure, have evaluated the effects of immediate versus delayed cord clamping (usually defined as cord clamping at least 30–60 seconds after birth) 4 5. A delayed Clamping the umbilical cord appears to be beneficial for term and preterm infants. In term infants, delayed cord clamping increases hemoglobin levels at birth and improves iron stores in the first few months of life, which may be beneficial to developmental outcomes. Rates of intraventricular hemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis are lower in preterm infants, and fewer neonates require a transfusion when delayed cord clamping is used. This growing body of evidence has led a number of professional organizations to recommend delayed cord clamping for term and preterm infants. For example, the World Health Organization recommends that the umbilical cord be clamped no sooner than 1 minute after birth in term or preterm infants who do not require positive pressure ventilation. Recent guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Neonatal Resuscitation Program recommend delayed cord clamping for at least 30 to 60 seconds for most vigorous and preterm infants. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists also recommends postponing umbilical cord clamping in healthy and preterm infants for at least 2 minutes after birth. In addition, the American College of Nurses–Midwives recommends delayed cord clamping for term and preterm infants for 2–5 minutes after birth 6. The universal implementation of delayed cord clamping has been a cause for concern. Delay in clamping the umbilical cord when needed can delay timely resuscitation efforts, particularly in preterm infants. However, because the placenta continues to perform gas exchange after birth, sick and preterm infants are likely to benefit most from the additional blood volume gained from continued placental transfusion. Another concern is that a delay in clamping the umbilical cord could increase the potential for an excessive placental transfusion. So far there is no evidence in the literature of an increased risk of polycythemia or jaundice; However, in some studies there is a slightly higher rate of jaundice that meets criteria for phototherapy in term infants. Given the benefits for most newborns, and in agreement with other professional bodies, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists now recommends delaying umbilical cord clamping for at least 30-60 seconds after birth in vigorous and preterm infants.

Outcomes in neonates Physiological studies in term infants have shown that approximately 80 mL of blood is transferred from the placenta 1 minute after birth and approximately 100 mL is reached by 3 minutes after birth 7 8 9 . The neonate’s initial breaths appear to facilitate these Placental transfusion 10. A recent study of umbilical cord blood flow patterns assessed by Doppler ultrasound during delayed cord clamping 11 showed a marked increase in placental transfusion during the neonate’s first breaths, presumably due to negative intrathoracic pressure generated by lung inflation. This additional blood provides physiological iron levels of 40-50 mg/kg body weight. This extra iron has been shown to reduce and prevent iron deficiency in the first year of life 12. Iron deficiency in infancy and childhood has been associated with impairment in cognitive, motor, and behavioral development that may be irreversible 13. Iron deficiency in childhood is particular markedly widespread in low-income countries, but is also common in high-income countries, where rates range from 5 % to 25 % 13. A longer duration of placental transfusion after birth also facilitates the transfer of immunoglobulins and stem cells necessary for Tissues and tissues are essential to organ repair. Immunoglobulin and stem cell transfer may be particularly beneficial following cellular injury, inflammation, and organ dysfunction common to preterm birth 14 15. The extent of these benefits requires further investigation, but this physiological reservoir of hematopoietic and pluripotent stem cell lines may have therapeutic effects and benefits for the infant later in life have 16.

Clinical trials in preterm infants A 2012 systematic review of the timing of umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants analyzed the results of 15 eligible trials involving 738 infants born between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation 4 . This review defined delayed cord clamping umbilical cord as a delay of more than 30 seconds, with a maximum of 180 seconds, and included some studies that used umbilical cord milking in addition to delayed cord clamping. Delayed umbilical cord clamping was associated with fewer infants requiring a transfusion for anemia (seven studies, 392 infants; relative risk [RR] 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.46-0.81). There was a lower incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (ultrasonographic diagnosis, all grades) (10 studies, 539 infants; RR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.41-0.85) and necrotizing enterocolitis (five studies, 241 infants; RR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.43-0.90) compared to immediate cord clamping. Peak bilirubin levels were higher in infants in the delayed cord clamp group, but there was no statistically significant difference in the need for phototherapy between the groups. No clear differences between the groups were found for the endpoints infant death, severe (grade 3–4) intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia; However, many studies were affected by incomplete reporting and wide confidence intervals. Outcome after hospital discharge was reported in a small study that reported no significant differences between groups in mean Bayley II scores at 7 months of age (corrected for gestational age at birth and with 58 infants ) 4. In another study, delayed cord clamping in infants born before 32 weeks gestation was associated with improved motor function at corrected ages of 18–22 months 17.

Clinical trials in term infants A 2013 Cochrane review evaluated the effect of timing of cord clamping on term neonate outcomes in 15 clinical trials involving 3,911 women and their only children 5 . This analysis defined early cord clamping as Clamping less than 1 minute after birth and late cord clamping as clamping more than 1 minute or when cord pulsation stops. The reviewers found that neonates in the early cord clamp group had significantly lower hemoglobin concentrations at birth (weighted mean difference, -2.17 g/dL; 95% CI, -4.06 to -0.280) and 24-48 hours postpartum (mean difference -1.49 g/dL; 95% CI, -1.78 to -1.21). In addition, infants exposed to early cord clamp were more likely to be iron deficient than the late cord clamp group at 3 to 6 months of age (RR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.04 to 6.73). There was no difference in the rate of polycythemia between the two groups, nor were the overall rates of jaundice different, but jaundice requiring phototherapy was less common in neonates with early cord clamping (2.74% of infants in the early cord clamp versus 4.36% in the late cord clamp group; RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.41-0.96). However, the authors concluded that given the benefit of delayed cord clamping in term infants, delayed cord clamping is overall beneficial provided the obstetrician-gynecologist or other obstetrician is able to monitor jaundice and to treat. The long-term effects of delayed cord clamping have been examined in a limited number of studies. In a single cohort assessed at ages 4 months to 4 years 13 18 19 , neurodevelopmental scores did not differ by timing of umbilical cord clamping in patients aged 4 months and 12 months. At age 4, children in the early cord clamp group had slightly lower scores on social and fine motor skills compared to the delayed cord clamp group 13.

Maternal outcomes Immediate cord clamping has traditionally been performed in conjunction with other active management strategies in the third stage of labor to reduce postpartum hemorrhage. As a result, concerns have arisen that delaying umbilical cord clamping may increase the risk of maternal hemorrhage. However, recent data do not support these concerns. In a review of five studies involving more than 2,200 women, delayed cord clamping was not associated with an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage or increased blood loss at birth, nor with a difference in postpartum hemoglobin levels or the need for a blood transfusion 5. However, if an increased If there is a risk of bleeding (e.g., placenta previa or placental abruption), the benefits of delayed cord clamping must be weighed against the need for timely hemodynamic stabilization of the woman Table 1.

Procedure and Technique of Delayed Cord Clamping Delayed cord clamping is a simple procedure that allows warm, oxygenated blood to flow passively into the newborn through the placental transfusion. The position of the neonate during delayed cord clamping was generally at or below the level of the placenta based on the assumption that gravity facilitates placental transfusion 20 21 placed on the mother’s abdomen or chest did not have a lower transfusion volume compared to infants , which were held at the level of the introitus 22. During a cesarean section, the newborn may be placed on the mother’s abdomen or legs, or may be held near the level of the placenta by the surgeon or assistant until the umbilical cord is clamped. During delayed cord clamping, early infant care should be started, including drying and stimulating for the first breath or crying, maintaining a normal temperature through skin-to-skin contact, and covering the infant with dry bedding. Secretions should only be removed if they are copious or appear to be obstructing the airway. If meconium is present and the baby is strong at birth, plans for delayed cord clamping can proceed. The Apgar timer can be useful to monitor elapsed time and allow an interval of at least 30-60 seconds between delivery and cord clamp. Delayed cord clamping should not interfere with active management of the third stage of labor, including the use of uterotonic agents after delivery of the newborn to minimize maternal bleeding. If the placenta perfusion is not intact, e.g. B. in abnormal placentation, placental abruption or umbilical cord tear, immediate umbilical cord clamping is appropriate. Similarly, maternal hemodynamic instability or the need for immediate neonatal resuscitation on the warmer would be indicative of immediate cord clamping. The ability to provide delayed cord clamping may vary by facility and environment; Decisions in these circumstances are best made by the team caring for the mother-child dyad. There are several situations where data is limited and decisions about the timing of umbilical cord clamping should be made on an individual basis Table 1. For example, in cases of fetal growth restriction with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler studies, or other situations involving uteroplacental perfusion or cord flow may be compromised, discussion between neonatal and obstetric teams can help weigh the relative risks and benefits of immediate or delayed cord clamps. The data are somewhat conflicting regarding the effect of delayed cord clamping on cord pH measurements. Two studies suggest a small but statistically significant decrease in umbilical artery pH (approximately 0.03 decrease with delayed umbilical cord clamping) 23 24. However, a larger study of 116 infants found no difference in umbilical cord pH and an increase in umbilical artery pO 2 levels in infants with delayed umbilical cord clamping 25. These studies included infants who did not require resuscitation at birth. Whether the effect of delayed cord clamping on cord pH in frail infants would be similar is an important question that requires further investigation.

Milking the Umbilical Cord Milking, or stripping, of the umbilical cord is considered a method of achieving increased placental transfusion to the newborn in a short time frame, usually less than 10-15 seconds. It is particularly attractive in situations where the 30-60 second delay in clamping the umbilical cord may be too long, e.g. when immediate infant resuscitation is required or maternal hemodynamic instability occurs. However, umbilical cord milking has not been studied as thoroughly as delayed cord clamping. A recent meta-analysis 26 of seven studies involving 501 preterm infants compared umbilical cord milking to immediate cord clamping (six studies) or delayed cord clamping (one study). The method of umbilical cord milking varied significantly in the trials with respect to the number of times the umbilical cord was milked, the length of the umbilical cord milked and whether the umbilical cord was clamped before or after milking. The analysis revealed that infants in the umbilical milking groups had higher hemoglobin levels and a lower incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage without an increase in adverse events. A subgroup analysis directly comparing umbilical cord milking with delayed umbilical cord clamping could not be performed due to the small number in these groups. Several subsequent studies have been published. A 2015 study in term infants that compared delayed cord clamping versus cord milking found that the two strategies had similar effects on hemoglobin and ferritin levels 27. Another 2015 study, in which infants born before 32 were studied, cord milking was associated with higher hemoglobin levels and improved blood pressure compared to those in the delayed cord clamping group, but the differences were not observed in the vaginal births 28 . Long-term (aged of 2 years and 3.5 years) neurodevelopment Results evaluated in a small study showed no difference between preterm infants exposed to delayed umbilical cord clamping compared to umbilical cord milking 29 . A 2019 study on milking the Umbilical cord was presented with 474 infants included Itig aborted because extremely preterm infants (23–27 weeks of gestation) in the umbilical cord milking arm developed more intraventricular hemorrhage compared to with similar infants in the delayed cord clamping group 30. In view of these recent data, umbilical cord milking should not be performed in extremely preterm infants (less than 28 weeks gestation) and there is insufficient evidence to support or refute umbilical cord milking infants born at 32 weeks gestation or longer, including term infants.

Multiple Pregnancies Many of the clinical trials evaluating delayed cord clamping did not include multiple pregnancies; consequently, there is little information regarding its safety or effectiveness in this group. Since multiple pregnancies increase the risk of preterm birth with inherent risks for the newborn, these newborns could particularly benefit from delayed cord clamping. Theoretical risks exist for adverse hemodynamic changes during delayed cord clamping, particularly in monochorionic multiple pregnancies. There is currently insufficient evidence for or against delayed cord clamping in multiple pregnancies.

Effect on the cord blood bank The effect of delayed cord blood clamping on the collection of cord blood for the bank was recently studied in a public cord blood bank (31). The authors found that delayed cord clamping significantly reduced the volume and total number of nucleated cells of cord blood donations. The proportion of units meeting the initial screening criteria decreased significantly from 39% with immediate cord clamping to 17% in cases experiencing a 60-second delay in cord clamping. In cases where a patient and family plan to donate cord blood, immediately clamping the cord blood may increase the yield of cord blood collected. However, in the absence of a targeted donation, the benefits of transfusing an additional volume of blood to the child at birth likely outweigh the benefits of accumulating that volume for possible future use. Families considering cord blood storage should be counseled accordingly.

Future Research Although many randomized controlled trials involving term and preterm infants have compared the benefits of delayed cord clamping versus immediate cord clamping, the ideal timing for cord clamping in certain circumstances warrants further investigation. For example, infants who require resuscitation can benefit significantly from a placental transfusion, but their need for immediate attention raises questions about whether they should undergo immediate or delayed cord clamping and whether cord milking may offer a unique benefit. The feasibility of bedside resuscitation with intact placental perfusion is also an important question. The optimal timing of uterotonic agents postpartum in relation to cord clamping needs further investigation, as does optimal practice in multiple pregnancies and pregnancies with risk factors for neonatal polycythemia. Finally, the value of improved stem cell and plasma transfusion in the context of delayed cord clamping in terms of immediate and long-term immunity, host defense and repair is another important area for future research.

Some people take cute photos after the birth of their child to commemorate the big moment. Others frame their baby’s handprints. And still others turn their baby’s umbilical stump into a pretty necklace. Yes, body part jewelry is a bizarre new trend for parents — and we’re not quite sure how to think about it.

Imagine that black, weird-looking lump hanging from your baby’s belly button and eventually falling off on its own. This is the umbilical stump. Now imagine the same thing draped around your neck. Or on a ring. Or as a pair of earrings.

It sounds strange, but there are some arguments behind the DNA-inspired jewelry. For example, in some cultures parents keep the umbilical cord for good luck, while others just want a physical reminder of the miracle of childbirth. And what better way to achieve both than turning the stump into a charm?

As New-Agey as it may seem, wearing body parts and liquids as accessories has been around for a while. And it involves more than just umbilical cords. There are companies and artists making jewelry out of everything from breast milk to baby teeth to the placenta.

Ruth Avra ​​is one of those artists. The Florida mom first started experimenting with the trend in 2012 when she made a necklace out of her friend’s son’s umbilical stump. “[The pieces] look more elegant than people realize just talking about what they are,” she explained, adding, “It’s about remembering, appreciating and holding on to those connections.

But Avra ​​also agrees it’s not for everyone. “It takes a certain person to love it,” she laughed. “Some people think it’s amazing; Some people find it disgusting.”

As a parent of a newborn, I’m sure you’ll want to know about umbilical cord care, including how to keep your baby’s umbilical cord stump dry until it falls off, how to recognize the signs of infection, and when to call your doctor. Read on to learn all of this and more.

What is the umbilical cord stump and when does it fall off?

The umbilical cord carries nutrients and oxygen to your baby in the womb. Shortly after your baby is born, the umbilical cord is clamped and cut. Your baby would not feel this because the umbilical cord does not contain nerves.

The clamp is typically held in place for 24 to 48 hours. It is removed once the remnants of the umbilical cord have dried and stopped bleeding.

After removing the clamp, a small stump will remain on your little one’s tummy. As the umbilical cord stump dries, shrinks, and hardens, it changes from a yellow color to a brownish black.

The umbilical cord stump usually falls off within a few weeks after your baby is born. Contact your baby’s doctor if it didn’t fall off when your little one is 2 months old.

In some cases, there may be an underlying cause for the umbilical cord stump not falling off, such as: B. an infection or a disorder of the immune system, which your doctor will examine.

After the stump falls off, the skin underneath should heal. Sometimes the skin can be a little rough and a little liquid can leak out. Keep your little one’s belly button dry and clean and it should heal completely soon. Contact your doctor if it hasn’t healed within two weeks of the stump falling off.

How to care for and clean the umbilical cord stump

The key is to keep the residual limb area clean and dry. It may be most convenient to clean your child’s residual limb when you change their diaper or when you bathe them.

Here are some tips for caring for the umbilical cord:

Keep the umbilical cord stump clean and dry. Experts recommend “dry umbilical cord care,” which means allowing air to reach the stump of the umbilical cord and not covering it with water or ointments. You may have heard of dabbing rubbing alcohol on the stump, but these days experts are more likely to recommend letting it go. Ask your doctor for advice if you are not sure what to do.

prevent irritation. Try to prevent your newborn’s diapers from rubbing against the stump by folding the top of the diaper under the umbilicus or choosing a disposable diaper with a cut-out notch at the top. Pampers swaddlers, for example, have this feature.

Check for signs of infection. Clear fluid oozing from the stump, drops of blood, and scabbing may be normal, but if you notice any signs of an infected umbilical stump or if your baby has a fever, tell your doctor right away.

Don’t pull at the stump. Allow the umbilical cord stump to fall off on its own rather than plucking or pulling it even if it’s hanging down. It will fall off in due course.

Watch out for bleeding. A few drops of blood when the stump falls off is normal. If there is heavy bleeding, contact your baby’s doctor.

Do not tape or cover the navel area with a coin. Contrary to what you may have heard, taping the navel area or placing a coin will not help change the shape of your child’s belly button and may even cause damage. Consult your baby’s doctor if you’re concerned about the shape of your baby’s belly button or if you suspect your little one may be suffering from a medical condition such as an umbilical hernia.

Bath time and umbilical cord care

Until the stump falls off and your baby’s belly button has healed, it’s best to stick to the sponge bath so you don’t soak the stump in water. You don’t have to bathe your baby with a sponge every day; Two to three times a week is usually sufficient.

You may also want to use the sponge bath to gently clean the umbilical cord stump.

To give your little one a sponge bath, prepare everything you need

a bowl of warm water

a washcloth

baby soap

a damp cotton swab or cotton ball

towels

a fresh diaper

Dress.

Place your baby on a padded, flat surface — like the changing pad on the changing table or on the floor on a soft towel — with your essentials within easy reach. Never leave your baby unattended during the sponge bath; If it is on an elevated surface such as B. the changing table, keep the seat belt fastened and always hold them tight.

Keep your little one covered with a towel to keep them warm and only show the body parts that will be washed. Start with her face and use the damp washcloth but no soap so you don’t get soap in her eyes. Then add soap to the water and continue to gently cleanse the rest of her body, especially the skin folds around her neck, ears and genitals.

For the umbilical cord stump area, follow the umbilical cord care tips listed above. You can use a damp cotton ball or swab to clean the skin around the stump, being careful not to get the stump itself wet.

Once the cord has fallen off, you can bathe your baby in a baby bath tub or in the sink.

Change baby’s diaper and protect the umbilical cord stump

You can read about how to change a diaper here, but remember that you need to be extra careful during those first few weeks to protect the umbilical cord stump area.

If the umbilical stump hasn’t fallen off yet, use diapers with a notch cutout or fold the top of the diaper down to prevent urine from reaching the stump and the diaper itself to avoid irritating the stump.

For the umbilical cord stump area, follow the umbilical cord care tips listed above. You can use a damp cotton ball or swab to clean the skin around the stump, being careful not to get the stump itself wet.

Signs of an infected umbilical cord stump

Your baby’s umbilical cord stump is unlikely to become infected, but if you notice any of these signs of an infected umbilical cord, contact your baby’s doctor.

These are some of the signs of an infected umbilical cord:

A smelly yellow discharge from the stump area

A reddening of the skin around the stump

swelling of the navel area

Your baby will cry if you touch the stump, indicating that they are tender or sore.

It’s normal to see crusted discharge, dried blood, or a small bleed when the cord stump falls off. Bleeding is not necessarily a sign that your newborn’s belly button is infected, but if your baby’s umbilical cord area continues to bleed, consult your child’s doctor for advice.

Read more about baby skin care so you can help keep your little one’s soft skin healthy and clean.

umbilical cord diseases

These are two conditions associated with the umbilical cord or umbilical area. Talk to your doctor if you think your baby might have any of the following problems:

Granuloma of the umbilical cord. After the umbilical cord falls off, you may notice a reddish, moist lump or nodule near where the umbilical cord fell off, which may get slightly larger and continue to leak out easily. This will likely go away after about a week or so, but if it doesn’t, your baby’s doctor can remove it.

umbilical hernia. If you notice your baby’s belly button bulging when he cries, he may have an umbilical hernia. This is a small hole in the abdominal wall that allows tissue to bulge out when pressure is applied, such as when your little one cries. An umbilical hernia usually heals by the time your child is between 12 and 18 months old.

The final result

Within a few weeks of your baby’s birth, the remnants of the umbilical cord will fall off, revealing your baby’s cute little belly button. It’s a reminder of how far your little one has come in just a short amount of time.

If you are careful about changing your newborn’s diaper, you should know that you could receive gifts and discounts for everything you do. Download the Pampers Club app to get started.

at the University of Rochester

Baby Bath Basics: A Parent’s Guide Wondering how to make a baby bath? Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you master the basics. By Mayo Clinic staff

Are you nervous about bathing your newborn? Bathing a slippery baby might be scary at first, but with practice, you’ll become more comfortable bathing. Start by learning the basics of the baby bath.

How often does my newborn need a bath?

There is no need to bathe your newborn every day. Three times a week may be enough until your baby becomes more mobile. Bathing your baby too often can dry out your baby’s skin.

If you’re quick and thorough with diaper changes and burp cloths, you’re already cleaning the areas that need attention—face, neck, and diaper area. Between baths, you can also check your baby’s skin folds, including thighs, groin, armpits, and chin. If necessary, clean these areas with a damp washcloth.

Is it better to bathe my baby in the morning or in the evening?

That’s up to you. Choose a time when you are not in a hurry or likely to be interrupted. Some parents opt for morning baths when their babies are awake. Others prefer to make baby baths part of a calming bedtime ritual. If you bathe your baby after feeding, you should first wait until your baby’s tummy has calmed down a bit.

Is a sponge bath good enough?

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends sponge baths until the umbilical stump falls off — which can take a week or two. To give your baby a sponge bath you will need:

A warm place with a level surface. A bathroom or kitchen counter, changing table, or firm bed will work. A blanket or towel on the floor is also OK. Pad hard surfaces with a blanket or towel.

A bathroom or kitchen counter, changing table, or firm bed will work. A blanket or towel on the floor is also OK. Pad hard surfaces with a blanket or towel. A soft blanket, towel or changing pad. Spread it out for your baby to lie on.

Spread it out for your baby to lie on. A free hand. Always hold your baby with one hand. Also, use the seat belt on a changing table.

Always hold your baby with one hand. Also, use the seat belt on a changing table. A sink or shallow basin to hold the water. Run warm water in the sink or sink. Check the water temperature with your hand to make sure it’s not too hot.

Run warm water in the sink or sink. Check the water temperature with your hand to make sure it’s not too hot. Important supplies. Get a washcloth, a towel – preferably with a built-in hood – unscented baby shampoo and soap, baby wipes, a clean diaper and a change of clothes.

Undress your baby and wrap them in a towel. Lay your baby on their back in the prepared area. To keep your baby warm, only expose the parts of your baby’s body that you wash. Dampen the washcloth with clear, warm water. Then wring out excess water and wipe your baby’s face. Wipe each eyelid from the inside out.

To clean your baby’s body, use a damp washcloth dipped in plain or soapy water. If you use soap, make sure it’s mild and moisturizing. Pay particular attention to wrinkles under the arms, behind the ears, around the neck and in the diaper area. Also wash between your baby’s fingers and toes.

What type of baby bath is best?

Once your baby is ready for a bath, you can use a plastic tub or the sink. Line the tub or sink with a clean towel. Stock up on supplies ahead of time that you would use for a sponge bath, a cup of dishwater, and baby shampoo if needed. So you can always hold the baby with one hand. Never leave your baby alone in the water.

How much water should I put in the tub?

A general recommendation is 2 inches (about 5 centimeters). During bath time, always make sure to give your baby your undivided attention and keep your baby safe. If you forgot something you need for bathing, take your baby with you. Never leave your baby alone in the tub, even for a moment.

What about the water temperature?

Warm water is best. To avoid scalding, set the thermostat on your water heater below 49°C. Always check the water temperature by hand before bathing your baby. Aim for bath water with a temperature of around 38°C. Make sure the room is comfortably warm too. A wet baby can be easily cooled.

What is the best way to hold my newborn in the tub?

A secure hold helps your baby feel comfortable in the tub – and stay safe. Use your non-dominant arm to support your baby’s head and neck and the other to support your baby’s body and guide them feet first into the water. Continue to support your baby’s head and back as needed. You could reach behind your baby and hold on to his or her opposite arm during the bath.

What should I wash first?

Most parents start with the baby’s head and face and then move on to dirtier parts of the body. This prevents rinsed areas from becoming soapy again.

Should I wash my newborn’s hair?

If your newborn has hair and you think it needs washing, go ahead. With your free hand, gently massage a drop of mild baby shampoo into your baby’s scalp. Rinse the shampoo out with a cup of water or a damp washcloth and place one hand over your baby’s forehead to keep the suds out of their eyes.

Does lotion after a baby bath help prevent rashes?

Most newborns do not need lotion after bathing. If your baby’s skin is very dry, apply a small amount of unscented baby moisturizer to the dry areas. The massage could make your baby feel good. If dryness persists, you may be bathing your baby too often.

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Roots of Birth Rituals

It’s impossible to turn on the news these days without hearing from Hollywood’s moms-to-be. From Salma Hayek to Naomi Watts, the fascination with celebrity pregnancies went beyond whether the child will be a boy or a girl or what it will be called. We predict the next obsession will be how they deliver their starlets.

Ricki Lake gave birth in her bathtub; Meryl Streep and Demi Moore experienced a home birth. And in 2006, speculation about Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes focused on the birth method Holmes would choose to give birth to their daughter Suri.

The TomKitten watch raised questions about other labor and delivery practices, particularly those from other centuries and countries. Here are nine birth rituals of the past from places around the world that show us that not only birth practices but also our fascination with them have passed through time.

RELATED: A doctor advocates birth plans — here’s why

knot a risk taken

Greece, ca. 430 BC As the birth began, midwives were called and the mother giving birth was placed on a bed. The room was checked to ensure there were no knots, as the ancient Greeks believed knots had malign powers and could prevent or delay childbirth. When labor began, the mother was placed in a delivery chair and crouched over it. The midwives massaged her stomach and one rested under the mother to catch the baby. After birth, the baby and mother were cleansed, since birth blood was considered bad luck. A shield was placed on the baby’s forehead to protect it from the “evil eye,” a superstitious belief that a victim, in this case a vulnerable baby, could be cursed by the malevolent gaze of an envious individual.

France, China, North America, Greenland

Do you feel like royalty?

France circa 1700. Giving birth to royalty was quite an elaborate affair (a bit like giving birth to some celebrities in modern times!). After feeling labor pains, the royal lady called her companions and was placed on a special couch. Some 18th-century remedies placed near the mother-to-be were: sneezing powder for obstetrics, almond oil to clean the hands of the doctor and head midwife, and boxes of powdered cumin and myrrh to seal the infant’s umbilical cord pollinate . After birth, the umbilical cord was cut and the baby washed in oil, red roses, and red wine.

birth whisperer

China in the late 1800s. For women of the Chinese merchant class, labor pains were accompanied by the prayers of the mother and mother-in-law for an easy delivery. A Taoist priest came by the bed and whispered prayers in the ears of the laboring mother. When the birth began, she crouched on the bed. Once the baby was born, the midwife cut and tied the umbilical cord, and then attempted to encourage delivery of the placenta. The baby was not washed for three days, until the influences of evil were less imminent.

RELATED: What the US can learn from cultures around the world about the postpartum period

The sound of silence

Zuni Indians in the 1890s. When labor began, the laboring mother would lie on a soft bed made of animal skins, and her mother would gather the older women of the family to help with the delivery. As the pain increased, she was encouraged to remain silent; who knew the silent birth wasn’t just a ritual of the Church of Scientology! To speed up the delivery, the mother and the midwife kneaded her pregnant belly. When the baby came down, the women of the family cried and moaned out of sympathy for the birthing mother, who could not express her pain. When the baby appeared, the doctor rested under the woman to catch the baby. After the placenta was delivered, the new mother’s grandmother threw it into the river to wash downstream. Six days after birth, the new baby would be introduced to the Zuni gods and made an official member of the Zuni people.

man’s birth roll

Polar Eskimos in the 1920s. To prepare for the birth, the husband of the woman in labor built a bed in a shallow hole covered with animal skin – this is where the birth would take place. When the pain set in, the woman lay down on the prepared bed and her husband leaned behind her. He then pressed her stomach to encourage the baby’s birth. At birth, the father would cut the umbilical cord with a knife and the new mother would tie a knot to stop the bleeding. The placenta was wrapped in animal skin and then left outside for the animals to feed on. The baby would be given three names to protect him from evil spirits in the wind and to sleep with his or her parents.

Egypt, Indonesia, Hawaii

A functional dance

Egypt in 19,000 BC Belly dancing, often thought of as entertainment for men, is actually a form of ancient dance that reflects the body as nature’s creation and temple of the soul. It was originally a dance performed by women in honor of the life-giver, the Great Mother. The twists of the hip were believed to ensure the birth of future generations and were used in preparation for childbirth. The birthing mother would squat low and push herself down while curling her abs. The contractions of the dance moves strengthened her abdominal muscles and therefore contributed to an easier delivery.

Must have faith

Ancient Malaysia and Indonesia. Women struggled sitting down with no medication to relieve pain. Instead, a dukun, or midwife, massaged the expectant mother. Delivery took place in the birthing room, traditionally indoors, as it was believed that a baby’s first cry was a cry of fidelity and respect for the parents and should be heard at home. Other mothers stayed with the laboring woman in the delivery room and offered advice and support (much like midwives today). At birth, the dukun cuts the umbilical cord, bathes, and wraps the baby in a blanket. Next, words of Allah were whispered in the baby’s ear; for words of faith should be the first the baby would hear. The baby was then returned to his mother and introduced to the grandparents, which was the first act of honor the baby showed to his family. The placenta was then washed and placed in a clay pot with spices and kept near the mother. After 40 days, the family buried the placenta in the ground.

A place of its own

Old Hawaii. Beneath the Kukaniloko birthstones, between the cities of Wahiawa and Haleiwa, ancient Hawaiian women pregnant with potential kings or alii gave birth. Potential alii couldn’t be born without a celebration like a commoner – today we see that birth seclusion when celebrities like Britney Spears give birth to their children in special hospitals and birthing centers. It is believed that the rocks contained powers to ease labor pains. The rituals surrounding the birth of Aliis include 48 chiefs beating drums to announce the arrival of the newborns who could become chiefs in the future.

practices not lost

Modern women would be surprised to know that a number of birth rituals from the past have been carried over into our culture. The art of midwifery, massaging the pregnant belly during childbirth, drug-free childbirth and the idea of ​​silence during childbirth are just a few of these rituals. Who knows, maybe these birth rituals and others will continue to be passed down through time, connecting women from ancient civilizations and future generations.

All content here, including advice from doctors and other healthcare professionals, should be considered opinion only. Always seek the direct advice of your own doctor in connection with any questions or problems you may have regarding your own health or the health of others.

Your baby’s doctor will give you instructions on how to care for your baby’s umbilical cord and keep it dry and exposed to the air. Give sponge baths until the umbilical cord falls off, and tell your doctor if it hasn’t fallen off by the age of one month.

Hold the drawstring on the outside of the baby’s diaper. Some newborn sized diapers have special cut outs for the drawstring area, but you can also fold down the top edge of the diaper. Call your baby’s doctor if:

Bleeding at the end of the umbilical cord or near the skin

pus (a yellow or white discharge)

Swelling or redness around the navel

Signs that the navel area is painful for your baby

There may be a small amount of blood when the stump is about to fall off and after the umbilical cord has fallen off, but this should stop quickly. Never try to unplug the cable. Parents are often concerned that a baby’s navel is an “innie” or an “outie.” There is no way to predict this or make the navel look either way. Contrary to popular tradition, sticking a coin or other flat object over the navel does not help.

For some babies, it is common for the baby’s tummy to protrude slightly around the navel, especially when the baby is crying. The protrusion is caused by a weakness in the abdominal muscles called an umbilical hernia. This can be checked by your baby’s doctor to see if treatment is needed, but it usually goes away on its own.

When your baby is born, the umbilical cord is cut, leaving a stump. The stump should dry and fall off when your baby is 5 to 15 days old. Keep the stump clean with gauze and water only. Sponge bath the rest of your baby too. Don’t put your baby in a tub of water until the stump falls off.

Let the stump fall off naturally. Don’t try to pull it off, even if it’s just hanging by a thread.

Watch out for infection of the umbilical cord stump. This doesn’t happen often. But if you do, the infection can spread quickly.

Signs of a local infection on the residual limb are:

Foul smelling yellow discharge from stump

Redness, swelling, or tenderness of the skin around the residual limb

Watch for signs of a more serious infection. Contact your baby’s doctor right away if your baby:

Bad feeding

Fever of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher

lethargy

Floppy, poor muscle tone

If the umbilical cord stump is removed too early, it could bleed actively, i. H. every time you wipe away a drop of blood, another drop will appear. If the umbilical cord stump continues to bleed, call your baby’s provider immediately.

Instead of drying completely, the umbilical cord sometimes forms pink scar tissue called a granuloma. The granuloma drains a light yellow fluid. This will usually go away in about a week. If it doesn’t, call your baby’s provider.

If your baby’s residual limb hasn’t fallen off at 4 weeks (and probably much sooner), call your baby’s provider. There may be a problem with the baby’s anatomy or immune system.

One third of the umbilical cord

A large relic, also known as the Eye Cord. Every little big one has this precursor of the umbilical cord. Use it to gain insight and, as they say, eyes inward, although no one remembers what that really means.

Third Umbilical Cord is a consumable item in Bloodborne.

A third of the umbilical cord descriptions

Mergo’s Cord: “Every great one loses their child and then longs for a replacement. This cord granted Mensis an audience with Mergo, but resulted in the stillbirth of her brain.”

Workshop’s Cord: “Every great one loses his child and then longs for a replacement. The third umbilical cord hastened the encounter with the pale moon, which lured the hunters and received the hunter’s dream.”

Arianna’s Cord: “Every great one loses his child and then longs for a replacement, and Oedon the formless great is no different. To think it was corrupted blood that started this uncanny liaison.”

Iosefka’s Cord: “Provost Willem sought the cord to elevate his nature and thoughts to those of a great man by lining his brain with eyes. He knew the only choice if man were ever to match their greatness.”

MASSIVE SPOILER WARNING IF YOU READ CONTINUE

Use of the third umbilical cord

Can be used to access the third ending of the game, consume 3 cords before battling Gehrman, the First Hunter, or at least before his death, and unlock the lunar presence battle.

Increases your Insight by 3 when consumed.

location

Remarks

Arianna only appears in the Oedon Chapel if the player sends her there.

If the player doesn’t interact with Arianna, her shoes can be dropped by an enemy at night in Iosefka’s Clinic. This suggests that she found her way to the clinic on her own.

If you visit Iosefka’s Clinic from the back door before you fight Rom the Void Spider, she will become hostile if you go too far up the stairs. If you kill her at this stage, you won’t be able to get her umbilical cord, but you can run away from the fight and still get her upon your return after fighting Rome.

It’s possible that the imposing doesn’t spawn, but she will respawn for the blood moon

trifles

As a parent of a newborn, I’m sure you’ll want to know about umbilical cord care, including how to keep your baby’s umbilical cord stump dry until it falls off, how to recognize the signs of infection, and when to call your doctor. Read on to learn all of this and more.

What is the umbilical cord stump and when does it fall off?

The umbilical cord carries nutrients and oxygen to your baby in the womb. Shortly after your baby is born, the umbilical cord is clamped and cut. Your baby would not feel this because the umbilical cord does not contain nerves.

The clamp is typically held in place for 24 to 48 hours. It is removed once the remnants of the umbilical cord have dried and stopped bleeding.

After removing the clamp, a small stump will remain on your little one’s tummy. As the umbilical cord stump dries, shrinks, and hardens, it changes from a yellow color to a brownish black.

The umbilical cord stump usually falls off within a few weeks after your baby is born. Contact your baby’s doctor if it didn’t fall off when your little one is 2 months old.

In some cases, there may be an underlying cause for the umbilical cord stump not falling off, such as: B. an infection or a disorder of the immune system, which your doctor will examine.

After the stump falls off, the skin underneath should heal. Sometimes the skin can be a little rough and a little liquid can leak out. Keep your little one’s belly button dry and clean and it should heal completely soon. Contact your doctor if it hasn’t healed within two weeks of the stump falling off.

How to care for and clean the umbilical cord stump

The key is to keep the residual limb area clean and dry. It may be most convenient to clean your child’s residual limb when you change their diaper or when you bathe them.

Here are some tips for caring for the umbilical cord:

Keep the umbilical cord stump clean and dry. Experts recommend “dry umbilical cord care,” which means allowing air to reach the stump of the umbilical cord and not covering it with water or ointments. You may have heard of dabbing rubbing alcohol on the stump, but these days experts are more likely to recommend letting it go. Ask your doctor for advice if you are not sure what to do.

prevent irritation. Try to prevent your newborn’s diapers from rubbing against the stump by folding the top of the diaper under the umbilicus or choosing a disposable diaper with a cut-out notch at the top. Pampers swaddlers, for example, have this feature.

Check for signs of infection. Clear fluid oozing from the stump, drops of blood, and scabbing may be normal, but if you notice any signs of an infected umbilical stump or if your baby has a fever, tell your doctor right away.

Don’t pull at the stump. Allow the umbilical cord stump to fall off on its own rather than plucking or pulling it even if it’s hanging down. It will fall off in due course.

Watch out for bleeding. A few drops of blood when the stump falls off is normal. If there is heavy bleeding, contact your baby’s doctor.

Do not tape or cover the navel area with a coin. Contrary to what you may have heard, taping the navel area or placing a coin will not help change the shape of your child’s belly button and may even cause damage. Consult your baby’s doctor if you’re concerned about the shape of your baby’s belly button or if you suspect your little one may be suffering from a medical condition such as an umbilical hernia.

Bath time and umbilical cord care

Until the stump falls off and your baby’s belly button has healed, it’s best to stick to the sponge bath so you don’t soak the stump in water. You don’t have to bathe your baby with a sponge every day; Two to three times a week is usually sufficient.

You may also want to use the sponge bath to gently clean the umbilical cord stump.

To give your little one a sponge bath, prepare everything you need

a bowl of warm water

a washcloth

baby soap

a damp cotton swab or cotton ball

towels

a fresh diaper

Dress.

Place your baby on a padded, flat surface — like the changing pad on the changing table or on the floor on a soft towel — with your essentials within easy reach. Never leave your baby unattended during the sponge bath; If it is on an elevated surface such as B. the changing table, keep the seat belt fastened and always hold them tight.

Keep your little one covered with a towel to keep them warm and only show the body parts that will be washed. Start with her face and use the damp washcloth but no soap so you don’t get soap in her eyes. Then add soap to the water and continue to gently cleanse the rest of her body, especially the skin folds around her neck, ears and genitals.

For the umbilical cord stump area, follow the umbilical cord care tips listed above. You can use a damp cotton ball or swab to clean the skin around the stump, being careful not to get the stump itself wet.

Once the cord has fallen off, you can bathe your baby in a baby bath tub or in the sink.

Change baby’s diaper and protect the umbilical cord stump

You can read about how to change a diaper here, but remember that you need to be extra careful during those first few weeks to protect the umbilical cord stump area.

If the umbilical stump hasn’t fallen off yet, use diapers with a notch cutout or fold the top of the diaper down to prevent urine from reaching the stump and the diaper itself to avoid irritating the stump.

For the umbilical cord stump area, follow the umbilical cord care tips listed above. You can use a damp cotton ball or swab to clean the skin around the stump, being careful not to get the stump itself wet.

Signs of an infected umbilical cord stump

Your baby’s umbilical cord stump is unlikely to become infected, but if you notice any of these signs of an infected umbilical cord, contact your baby’s doctor.

These are some of the signs of an infected umbilical cord:

A smelly yellow discharge from the stump area

A reddening of the skin around the stump

swelling of the navel area

Your baby will cry if you touch the stump, indicating that they are tender or sore.

It’s normal to see crusted discharge, dried blood, or a small bleed when the cord stump falls off. Bleeding is not necessarily a sign that your newborn’s belly button is infected, but if your baby’s umbilical cord area continues to bleed, consult your child’s doctor for advice.

Read more about baby skin care so you can help keep your little one’s soft skin healthy and clean.

umbilical cord diseases

These are two conditions associated with the umbilical cord or umbilical area. Talk to your doctor if you think your baby might have any of the following problems:

Granuloma of the umbilical cord. After the umbilical cord falls off, you may notice a reddish, moist lump or nodule near where the umbilical cord fell off, which may get slightly larger and continue to leak out easily. This will likely go away after about a week or so, but if it doesn’t, your baby’s doctor can remove it.

umbilical hernia. If you notice your baby’s belly button bulging when he cries, he may have an umbilical hernia. This is a small hole in the abdominal wall that allows tissue to bulge out when pressure is applied, such as when your little one cries. An umbilical hernia usually heals by the time your child is between 12 and 18 months old.

The final result

Within a few weeks of your baby’s birth, the remnants of the umbilical cord will fall off, revealing your baby’s cute little belly button. It’s a reminder of how far your little one has come in just a short amount of time.

If you are careful about changing your newborn’s diaper, you should know that you could receive gifts and discounts for everything you do. Download the Pampers Club app to get started.

There are many people who cannot say they know what happened to their placenta during childbirth. This is serious business because what happened to your placenta will happen to you. From a spiritual point of view, your placenta is your duplicate. They say life has no duplicate, but I say if you study carefully you will discover that your placenta is your duplicate.

What is a placenta? It is something that forms in a woman’s womb once she becomes pregnant. The job of the placenta is to bring nutrition from the mother to the baby, and everything that the baby needs is transmitted through the placenta. Also, all of the baby’s waste products are excreted through the placenta. The baby is connected to the mother by a small “rope” called the umbilical cord, which forms part of the placenta.

When a woman gives birth to a baby, the next thing to come out is the placenta. If the placenta does not come out, there is still no joy. At birth, the umbilical cord is severed. One part stays with the baby, the other part with the placenta. The part attached to the baby is clamped very well, otherwise the baby may bleed to death. It later withers and forms the navel.

While the placenta is physically separated from the child, mentally they are never separated. Therefore, anything done to the placenta has far-reaching effects on the child. That’s why it’s important to pray, especially when you don’t know what happened when you were born.

Ezekiel 16:1-6.

In this passage, God spoke to the children of Israel that their umbilical cord (placenta) was not treated properly when they were born and therefore they needed help. They essentially lived in the land of the dead and no one felt sorry for them. If our placenta/umbilical cord is not properly treated at birth, or if we ourselves are not properly treated at birth, we could be walking in the land of the dead.

The placenta can be used:

• Drawing virtue out of people’s lives. Virtue means delicacy, goodness, power, potency, worth, quality, excellence, dignity, ability, ability, competence, and strength. These are the things that are pulled out of a person’s life through placental manipulation. This is akin to drawing milk and honey from a human’s life.

• Manipulating and destroying the fate of people. It can be used to make the owner’s life barren and useless. Placenta is known to be used for money rituals, attracting customers and drawing crowds, so the life of the owner becomes useless when these things happen.

• Planting Trees: When placenta is used to plant trees such as cacao, kola nut, coconut, or palm trees, the owner’s life becomes fruitless when those trees begin to be fruitful.

• As an accident prevention spell: This is a situation where an accident occurs and the driver disappears, leaving his passengers behind. The effect is that such a tragedy is transmitted to the owner of the placenta.

• As a sacrifice to idols: Once this is done, the placenta’s owner is dedicated to that idol and that child can be controlled by the idol. This is what I call a high level satanic transaction.

• Used for medicines or herbal remedies.

Nevertheless, the good news is that God will change your situation and do good to you today. Every power that manipulates your destiny through your placenta, be judged today, in Jesus name.

Prayer Points:

• Every struggle that has come into my life because of placental manipulation, end today in the mighty name of Jesus

• Any bitterness that has entered my life today due to placenta manipulation will end today.

• O God, my Father, my name is….. (insert name.) Deliver me from any power controlling my life through placental manipulation.

• O God my Redeemer, remove every covenant of poverty and failure that has been imposed on my life by placental manipulation in the name of Jesus

• O God my Father, by the blood of Jesus, destroy all evil works done to my placenta in the mighty name of Jesus.