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IF…ELSE (Transact-SQL) – SQL Server | Microsoft Docs

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Summary of article content: Articles about IF…ELSE (Transact-SQL) – SQL Server | Microsoft Docs An IF…ELSE construct can be used in batches, in stored procedures, and in ad hoc queries. When this construct is used in a stored procedure, … …
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Examples Azure Synapse Analytics and Analytics Platform System (PDW)

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Summary of article content: Articles about MySQL IF() Function Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Python, PHP, Bootstrap, Java, … …
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Summary of article content: Articles about SQL IF Statement introduction and overview In the following SQL IF Statement, it evaluates the expression, and if the condition is true, then it executes the statement mentioned in IF … …
Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for SQL IF Statement introduction and overview In the following SQL IF Statement, it evaluates the expression, and if the condition is true, then it executes the statement mentioned in IF … This article explores the SQL IF statement and its usage with examples to write real-time conditions based code.
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SQL IF Statement introduction and overview

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Summary of article content: Articles about sql server – How do I perform an IF…THEN in an SQL SELECT? – Stack Overflow Using SQL CASE is just like normal If / Else statements. In below query, If obsolete value = ‘N … …
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IF statement in SQL procedures

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Summary of article content: Articles about How to Use IF…THEN Logic in SQL Server | Tutorial by Chartio
Learn how to use IF… THEN logic in SQL Server, which allows users to execute programmatic logic on values within a query in real-time. …
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Learn how to use IF… THEN logic in SQL Server, which allows users to execute programmatic logic on values within a query in real-time. Learn how to use IFâ¦ THEN logic in SQL Server, which allows users to execute programmatic logic on values within a query in real-time. In this tutorial, learâ¦
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Using the CASE Statement

Using the IIF Function

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IF…ELSE (Transact-SQL) – SQL Server

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IF…ELSE (Transact-SQL)

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05/27/2022

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Applies to: SQL Server (all supported versions) Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)

Imposes conditions on the execution of a Transact-SQL statement. The Transact-SQL statement that follows an IF keyword and its condition is executed if the condition is satisfied: the Boolean expression returns TRUE. The optional ELSE keyword introduces another Transact-SQL statement that is executed when the IF condition is not satisfied: the Boolean expression returns FALSE.

Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions

Syntax

IF Boolean_expression { sql_statement | statement_block } [ ELSE { sql_statement | statement_block } ]
Note To view Transact-SQL syntax for SQL Server 2014 and earlier, see Previous versions documentation.

Arguments

Boolean_expression

Is an expression that returns TRUE or FALSE. If the Boolean expression contains a SELECT statement, the SELECT statement must be enclosed in parentheses.

{ sql_statement| statement_block }

Is any Transact-SQL statement or statement grouping as defined by using a statement block. Unless a statement block is used, the IF or ELSE condition can affect the performance of only one Transact-SQL statement.

To define a statement block, use the control-of-flow keywords BEGIN and END.

Remarks

An IF…ELSE construct can be used in batches, in stored procedures, and in ad hoc queries. When this construct is used in a stored procedure, it is frequently used to test for the existence of some parameter.

IF tests can be nested after another IF or following an ELSE. The limit to the number of nested levels depends on available memory.

Example

IF DATENAME(weekday, GETDATE()) IN (N’Saturday’, N’Sunday’) SELECT ‘Weekend’; ELSE SELECT ‘Weekday’;

For more examples, see ELSE (IF…ELSE) (Transact-SQL).

Examples: Azure Synapse Analytics and Analytics Platform System (PDW)

The following example uses IF…ELSE to determine which of two responses to show the user, based on the weight of an item in the DimProduct table.

— Uses AdventureWorksDW DECLARE @maxWeight FLOAT, @productKey INTEGER SET @maxWeight = 100.00 SET @productKey = 424 IF @maxWeight <= (SELECT Weight from DimProduct WHERE ProductKey = @productKey) SELECT @productKey AS ProductKey, EnglishDescription, Weight, 'This product is too heavy to ship and is only available for pickup.' AS ShippingStatus FROM DimProduct WHERE ProductKey = @productKey ELSE SELECT @productKey AS ProductKey, EnglishDescription, Weight, 'This product is available for shipping or pickup.' AS ShippingStatus FROM DimProduct WHERE ProductKey = @productKey See Also BEGIN...END (Transact-SQL) END (BEGIN...END) (Transact-SQL) SELECT (Transact-SQL) WHILE (Transact-SQL) CASE (Transact-SQL) Control-of-Flow Language (Transact-SQL) ELSE (IF...ELSE) (Transact-SQL)

MySQL IF() Function

SELECT IF(500<1000, "YES", "NO"); Return "YES" if the condition is TRUE, or "NO" if the condition is FALSE: The IF() function returns a value if a condition is TRUE, or another value if a condition is FALSE. IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false) Return 5 if the condition is TRUE, or 10 if the condition is FALSE: SELECT IF(STRCMP("hello","bye") = 0, "YES", "NO"); Test whether two strings are the same and return "YES" if they are, or "NO" if not: Example Return "MORE" if the condition is TRUE, or "LESS" if the condition is FALSE: SELECT OrderID, Quantity, IF(Quantity>10, “MORE”, “LESS”)

FROM OrderDetails;

SQL IF Statement introduction and overview

This article explores the useful function SQL IF statement in SQL Server.

Introduction

In real life, we make decisions based on the conditions. For example, look at the following conditions.

If I get a performance bonus this year, I will go for international vacation or else I’ll take a domestic vacation

If the weather becomes good, I will plan to go on a bike trip or else I won’t

In these examples, we decide as per the conditions. For example, if I get a bonus then only I will go for an international vacation else I will go for domestic vacations. We need to incorporate these conditions-based decisions in programming logic as well. SQL Server provides the capability to execute real-time programming logic using SQL IF Statement.

Syntax

In the following SQL IF Statement, it evaluates the expression, and if the condition is true, then it executes the statement mentioned in IF block otherwise statements within ELSE clause is executed.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 IF ( Expression ) BEGIN — If the condition is TRUE then execute the following statement True Statements ; END ELSE BEGIN — If the condition is False then execute the following statement False Statements END

We can understand SQL IF Statement using the following flow chart.

The condition in SQL IF Statement should return a Boolean value to evaluate

We can specify a Select statement as well in a Boolean expression, but it should enclose in parentheses

We can use BEGIN and END in the IF Statement to identify a statement block

The ELSE condition is optional to use

Let’s explore SQL IF Statement using examples.

Example 1: IF Statement with a numeric value in a Boolean expression

In the following example, we specified a numeric value in the Boolean expression that is always TRUE. It prints the statement for If statement because the condition is true.

1 2 3 4 IF ( 1 = 1 ) PRINT ‘Executed the statement as condition is TRUE’ ; ELSE PRINT ‘Executed the statement as condition is FALSE’ ;

If we change the condition in the Boolean expression to return FALSE, it prints statement inside ELSE.

1 2 3 4 IF ( 2 <= 0 ) PRINT 'Executed the statement as condition is TRUE' ; ELSE PRINT 'Executed the statement as condition is FALSE' ; Example 2: IF Statement with a variable in a Boolean expression In the following example, we use a variable in the Boolean expression to execute the statement based on the condition. For example, if a student obtained more than 80% marks, he passes an examination else, he is failed. 1 2 3 4 5 DECLARE @ StudentMarks INT = 91 ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 80 PRINT ‘Passed, Congratulations!!’ ; ELSE PRINT ‘Failed, Try again ‘ ;

Example 3: Multiple IF Statement with a variable in a Boolean expression

We can specify multiple SQL IF Statements and execute the statement accordingly. Look at the following example

If a student gets more than 90% marks, it should display a message from the first IF statement

If a student gets more than 80% marks, it should display a message from the second IF statement

Otherwise, it should print the message mentioned in ELSE statement

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DECLARE @ StudentMarks INT = 91 ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 90 PRINT ‘Congratulations, You are in Merit list!!’ ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 80 PRINT ‘Congratulations, You are in First division list!!’ ; ELSE PRINT ‘Failed, Try again ‘ ;

In this example, student marks 91% satisfy the conditions for both SQL IF statements, and it prints a message for both SQL IF statements.

We do not want the condition to satisfy both SQL IF statements. We should define the condition appropriately.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DECLARE @ StudentMarks INT = 91 ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 90 PRINT ‘Congratulations, You are in Merit list!!’ ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 80 and @ StudentMarks < 90 PRINT 'Congratulations, You are in First division list!!' ; ELSE PRINT 'Failed, Try again ' ; In the following screenshot, we can see second IF condition is TRUE if student marks are greater than or equal to 80% and less than 90%. In the output, we can see the following First, IF statement condition is TRUE. It prints the message inside the IF statement block Second, IF statement condition is FALSE, it does not print the message inside IF statement block It executes the ELSE statement and prints the message for it. In this case, we have two SQL IF statements. The second IF statement evaluates to false, therefore, it executes corresponding ELSE statement We need to be careful in specifying conditions in multiple SQL IF statement. We might get an unexpected result set without proper use of SQL IF statement. Example 4: IF Statement without ELSE statement We specified above that Else statement is optional to use. We can use SQL IF statement without ELSE as well. In the following, the expression evaluates to TRUE; therefore, it prints the message. 1 2 3 DECLARE @ StudentMarks INT = 95 ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 90 PRINT ‘Congratulations, You are in Merit list!!’ ;

If the expression evaluates to FALSE, it does not return any output. We should use ELSE statement so that if an evaluation is not TRUE, we can set default output.

Example 5: IF Statement to execute scripts

In the above examples, we print a message if a condition is either TRUE or FALSE. We might want to execute scripts as well once a condition is satisfied.

In the following example, if sales quantity is greater than 100000000, it should select records from SalesOrderDtails table.

If the sales quantity is less than 100000000, it should select records from the SalesOrderHeader table.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DECLARE @ sales INT ; SELECT @ sales = SUM ( OrderQty * UnitPrice ) FROM [ AdventureWorks2017 ] . [ Sales ] . [ SalesOrderDetail ] ; IF @ sales > 100000000 SELECT * FROM [ AdventureWorks2017 ] . [ Sales ] . [ SalesOrderDetail ] ; ELSE SELECT * FROM [ AdventureWorks2017 ] . [ Sales ] . [ SalesOrderHeader ] ;

Example 6: IF with BEGIN and END block

We can use BEGIN and END statement block in a SQL IF statement. Once a condition is satisfied, it executes the code inside the corresponding BEGIN and End block.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DECLARE @ StudentMarks INT = 70 ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 90 BEGIN PRINT ‘Congratulations, You are in Merit list!!’ ; END ; ELSE BEGIN PRINT ‘Failed, Try again ‘ ; END ;

We can specify multiple statements as well with SQL IF statement and BEGIN END blocks. In the following query, we want to print a message from two print statements once a condition is satisfied.

Note: We should have an END statement with corresponding BEGIN block.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 DECLARE @ StudentMarks INT = 70 ; IF @ StudentMarks >= 90 BEGIN PRINT ‘Congratulations, You are in Merit list!!’ ; Print ‘Second statement.’ END ; ELSE BEGIN PRINT ‘Failed,Try again ‘ ; Print ‘Second ELSE statement’ END ;

Conclusion

In this article, we explored the SQL IF statement and its usage with examples. We can write real-time conditions-based code using SQL IF statements. If you had comments or questions, feel free to leave them in the comments below.

So you have finished reading the mssql iif topic article, if you find this article useful, please share it. Thank you very much. See more: SQL SELECT if, MySQL IF, IF-then SQL, IF…ELSE SQL, MySQL WHERE IF, SELECT IF MySQL, IF SQL Server, IF…ELSE in function SQL Server

IF…ELSE (Transact-SQL) – SQL Server | Microsoft Docs

MySQL IF() Function

SQL IF Statement introduction and overview

sql server – How do I perform an IF…THEN in an SQL SELECT? – Stack Overflow

Lệnh rẻ nhánh IF ELSE trong SQL Server – Freetuts

IF statement in SQL procedures

How to Use IF…THEN Logic in SQL Server | Tutorial by Chartio

IF…ELSE (Transact-SQL) – SQL Server

MySQL IF() Function

SQL IF Statement introduction and overview

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