Top 28 Php Sensor The 176 Correct Answer

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esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock · GitHub

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Summary of article content: Articles about esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock · GitHub An IoT-Device based on NodeMCU-ESP8266, MAX7219 and DHT11 – esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock. …
Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock · GitHub An IoT-Device based on NodeMCU-ESP8266, MAX7219 and DHT11 – esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock. An IoT-Device based on NodeMCU-ESP8266, MAX7219 and DHT11 – esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock
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esp8266-smartclock/sensor.php at master · Stunkymonkey/esp8266-smartclock · GitHub

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Summary of article content: Articles about PHP Integration with Embedded Hardware Device Sensors – PHP Classes Read this article to learn how you can use PHP on those devices to connect to sensors by the means sensor and actuator executable programs. …
Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for PHP Integration with Embedded Hardware Device Sensors – PHP Classes Read this article to learn how you can use PHP on those devices to connect to sensors by the means sensor and actuator executable programs. Nowadays it is common to find embedded hardware devices, based on Raspberry Pi for instance, that are accessible via a network, run Linux and come with Apache and PHP installed on the device. Read this article to learn how you can use PHP on those devices to connect to sensors by the means sensor and actuator executable programs.
Table of Contents:

Contents

Introduction

The popen
and pclose functions

A Class Template for Sensors

A Class Template for Actuators

A Note on Network Security

Conclusion

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PHP Integration with Embedded Hardware Device Sensors – PHP Classes

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Summary of article content: Articles about How i can fetch sensors data through PHP script ? need step by step configuration | Paessler Knowledge Base One of my customer has made a procedure to fetch data from sensors through PHP script for scheduled reporting,. i am unable to understand … …
Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for How i can fetch sensors data through PHP script ? need step by step configuration | Paessler Knowledge Base One of my customer has made a procedure to fetch data from sensors through PHP script for scheduled reporting,. i am unable to understand …
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How i can fetch sensors data through PHP script ? need step by step configuration | Paessler Knowledge Base

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Summary of article content: Articles about PHP-sensor: a prototype method to discover workflow violation and XSS vulnerabilities in PHP web applications | Semantic Scholar PHP-Sensor is presented, a novel defensive model that discovers both the vulnerabilities of workflow violation attack and XSS attack … …
Most searched keywords: Whether you are looking for PHP-sensor: a prototype method to discover workflow violation and XSS vulnerabilities in PHP web applications | Semantic Scholar PHP-Sensor is presented, a novel defensive model that discovers both the vulnerabilities of workflow violation attack and XSS attack … PHP-Sensor is presented, a novel defensive model that discovers both the vulnerabilities of workflow violation attack and XSS attack concurrently in the real world PHP web applications and is efficient and feasible at discovering workflow violation attacks, XSS attacks and experiences tolerable performance overhead. As the usage of web applications for security-sensitive facilities has enlarged, the quantity and cleverness of web-based attacks against the web applications have grown-up as well. Several annual cyber security reports revealed that modern web applications suffer from two main categories of attacks: Workflow Violation Attacks and Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks. Presently, in comparison to XSS attacks, there have been actual restricted work carried out that discover workflow violation attacks, as web application logic errors are particular to the expected functionality of a specific web application. This paper presents PHP-Sensor, a novel defensive model that discovers both the vulnerabilities of workflow violation attack and XSS attack concurrently in the real world PHP web applications. For the workflow violation attack, we extract a certain set of axioms by monitoring the sequences of HTTP request/responses and their corresponding session variables during the offline mode. The set of axioms is then utilized for evaluating the HTTP request/response in online mode. Any HTTP request/ response that bypass the corresponding axiom is recognized as a workflow violation attack in PHP web application. For the XSS attack, PHP-Sensor discovers the self-propagating features of XSS worms by monitoring the outgoing HTTP web request with the scripts that are injected in the currently HTTP response web page. We develop prototype of our proposed defensive model on the web proxy as well as on the client-side for the recognition of workflow violation and XSS attacks respectively. We evaluate the detection capability of PHP-Sensor on open source real-world PHP web applications and the simulation outcomes reveal that our defensive model is efficient and feasible at discovering workflow violation attacks, XSS attacks and experiences tolerable performance overhead.
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PHP Integration with Embedded Hardware Device Sensors

Contents

Introduction

The popen and pclose functions

A Class Template for Sensors

A Class Template for Actuators

A Note on Network Security

Conclusion

Introduction

Many new embedded system boards with high-end computing capabilities have become the norm in the world of the Internet of (Every)Thing(s). Whether you use the Raspberry Pi, Beaglebone or many others, it is not unusual to find network-ready embedded hardware capable of supporting cloud or simple server functionality.

Many of these boards, as one would expect, can interface, via digital or analog pins, to a miriad of sensors and actuators. But, they also feature RJ45 connectors coupled to Ethernet controllers. And, their operating system is capable of hosting server software (e.g., Apache), which includes PHP.

So, can PHP be used to provide direct network access to, say, a sensor ? If so, how can it be done ?

The popen and pclose functions

Among the less known functions dealing with local file access in PHP, the popen and pclose functions provide a means to access the output or input of local executable programs. A quick glance at the definition of popen describes it as:

popen Opens process file pointer

The function has 2 arguments:

popen( , )

where,

= a full path of an executable program as a string,

= same as the mode used for the function fopen and indicating direction of data flow (read, write, append, etc.)

An example of using a Linux executable program is ls. However, it’s full path is /bin/ls. In effect, we access the streaming output (or input) of an executable as if it were a file.

popen returns a handle to the stream provided by the running executable which can be used to read from that stream, if in an output mode, or supplying messages to a device, if in an input mode. In effect, popen enables the executable and redirects its output or input stream to the PHP script invoking it. pclose simply closes the session opened through popen.

A Class Template for Sensors

Now, a local sensor to an embedded host may be accessible, say, through a serial port (USB, SPI, RS232, I2C). An executable, written in C, C++, or other embedded programming languages, is capable of translating the sensor’s binary data to a processed text format. In effect, that executable can be the command accessible via popen.

To show how that can be done, one can build a simple PHP class, called Sensor, which takes as parameters for its constructor the full-path of the sensor access executable and the size in bytes of each of its processed text messages:

class Sensor { public $Sensor_Err; public $Sensor_Stream; private $Sensor_Msg_Len; private $Sensor_Queue; // an internal queue of sensor messages read in private $Sensor_Exec; // record of the command used // enable the sensor access executable function __construct($SensorCommand, $MsgLen) { // flush the error message stream $this->Sensor_Err = “”; // record the output message size of the sensor access executable // NOTE This assumes every message received has the exact same size // If that is not the case, record both the maximum and minimum sizes // for the messages $this->Sensor_Msg_Len = $MsgLen; $this->Sensor_Exec = $SensorCommand; } // read one or more sensor messages function Extract($MsgCount) { // flush the internal sensor message queue $this->Sensor_Queue = “”; // flush the error message stream $this->Sensor_Err = “”; // provide the requested number of sensor data messages to the command $cmd = $this->Sensor_Exec.” “.$MsgCount; // enable the command executable and its message output stream $this->Sensor_Stream = popen($cmd,”r”); // if the command failed to be enabled … if($this->Sensor_Stream == false) { // return the error message $this->Sensor_Err .= “1.”.$this->Sensor_Exec.” could not be enabled.”; $this->Sensor_Err .= ” Check first the file mode for this executable.”; return $this->SensorQueue; } // read the number of messages requested $nxt = fread($this->Sensor_Stream, $MsgCount*$this->Sensor_Msg_Len); if($nxt == false) { // record the message count at the time of the error $this->Sensor_Err .= ”

Failed to read sensor stream from ” . $this->Sensor_Exec; } else { // store the received message $this->Sensor_Queue =$nxt; // close the command executable stream if(fclose($this->Sensor_Stream) == false) { $this->Sensor_Err .= ”

Failed to close the sensor stream from ” . $this->Sensor_Exec; } } return $this->Sensor_Queue; } }

The Extract method retrieves a requested set of points and handles the full access cycle via the executable. The executable, in effect handles both the sensor interface and raw data translation details. In turn, the Sensor class can be used to expose the formatted sensor data to a network request and optionally to perform additional processing.

As an example, we have an executable written in C, TempSim.c, that mimics access to a temperature and humidity sensor by random generation of temperature and humidity values. It must be supplied a requested sensor data point count as an input.

Using the Sensor class, we can instantiate the temperature-humidity sensor through TempSim in a PHP script as follows:

Sensor_Err == “”) { $Pts = $TempHum->Extract( $argv[1] ); print( $Pts . ”

“); } else { print( $TempHum->Sensor_Err . ”

” ); } ?>

Note that the requested sensor message count is passed within a PHP command line invocation ($argv).

Running this script through the PHP command line invocation,

$ php getS.php 10 046083 115077 055093 012086 061049 067062 019090 046063 066040 016072

getS.php is the PHP script shown just above. In each of the numbers above, the leftmost 3 digits represent temperature in degF and the rightmost 3 digits represent humidity in rH.

A Class Template for Actuators

Just as it was done in the prior section, we can also formulate a similar class template for actuators, Actuator, as a example of how they can be integrated with a PHP script. The class Actuator is structured as follows:

Actuator_Err = “”; $this->Actuator_Exec = $ActuatorCommand; } // enable an actuator command function Enable($Act) { // flush the error message stream $this->Actuator_Err = “”; // provide the actuator message to the command $cmd = $this->Actuator_Exec.” “.$Act; // enable the command executable and its message input $this->Actuator_Stream = popen( $cmd, “w”); // if the command failed to be enabled if($this->Actuator_Stream == false) { // return the error message $this->Actuator_Err .= “1.”.$this->Actuator_Exec.” could not be enabled.”; $this->Actuator_Err .= ” Check first the file mode for this executable.”; return false; } else { // record the feedback from the actuator $nxt = fread($this->Actuator_Stream, $this->Actuator_Msg_Len); if($nxt == false) { // record an error message $this->Sensor_Err .= ”

Failed to get actuator feedback from “.$this->Actuator_Exec; return false; } // close the command executable stream if(fclose($this->Actuator_Stream) == false) { $this->Actuator_Err .= ”

Failed to close the actuator stream from “.$this->Actuator_Exec; return false; } } return true; } } ?>

Note that:

The class operates around an executable command, as was the case in the Sensor class. This executable is software written, say, in C handling the actuator interface details. The executable provides a feedback message describing the status of the action taken. The requested actuator command is part of the executable enabled through popen. That is, the only argument to the actuator executable is the action that needs to take place, as illustrated in the Enable method of the Actuator class. So, popen , in effect, carries out the actuator command.

A Note on Network Security

A unique feature in this class is that any PHP script using this class enables an action carrying out a command transmitted through a network. This brings up the issue of security.

Any PHP script invoking this class must incorporate security features, such as encryption, in order to avoid malicious use of an actuator.

Conclusion

The process stream functions, popen and pclose provide a means to enable access to physical devices attached to a host through the use executables handling the interface details to the devices.

On that basis, classes, such as Sensor and Actuator, as described above can serve as templates for integrating devices into Web based services through the use of PHP.

Post a comment if you liked this article or have questions on how to use PHP to interface with sensors in embedded hardware devices.

PHP-sensor: a prototype method to discover workflow violation and XSS vulnerabilities in PHP web applications

As the usage of web applications for security-sensitive facilities has enlarged, the quantity and cleverness of web-based attacks against the web applications have grown-up as well. Several annual cyber security reports revealed that modern web applications suffer from two main categories of attacks: Workflow Violation Attacks and Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks. Presently, in comparison to XSS attacks, there have been actual restricted work carried out that discover workflow violation… Expand

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Top 28 Php Sensor The 176 Correct Answer

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